The document discusses various Filipino social thinkers, emphasizing their beliefs and contributions to nationalism, education, and labor rights. Key figures include those advocating for rational solutions to human problems, the necessity of revolution for independence, and a democratization of education. It also highlights concepts such as social Darwinism, partyless democracy, and the role of art in societal progress.

1. 𝕋ℍ𝔼
𝔽𝕀𝕃𝕀ℙ𝕀ℕ𝕆 𝕊𝕆ℂ𝕀𝔸𝕃
𝕋ℍ𝕀ℕ𝕂𝔼ℝ𝕊
Prepared By:
𝓘𝓻𝓲𝓼𝓱 𝓥𝓮𝓻𝓸𝓷𝓮 𝓜. 𝓟𝓸𝓵𝓲𝓭𝓪𝓻𝓲𝓸, 𝓛𝓟𝓣

4. •Believed in Agnostic Deism – the view that God
created the universe with its law, never to interfere
with it again.
•“Human problems are irrational human creations and
can be solved through rational solutions. If reason
commits mistakes, only reason can correct them.”
•“What is the use of independence if the slaves of
today will be the tyrants of tomorrow?”

6. • Founded KKK.
• (Kataastaasan, Kagalang galangang Katipunan ng mga Anak ng
Bayan)
• His philosophy of revolution was published in the
revolutionary newspaper, “Kalayaan”.
• Transformed the blood compact (sandugo) as a kinship
contract.
• According to him, a revolution of war is justified when
there is breach of contract.

8. • He capitalized on the idea of a free reign of reason, of the
freedom to think and do, rather than the freedom to will
and do. (Gripaldo, 2002)
• “In a colonial situation where both will and thinking are
suppressed, where intellectual fanaticism is the rule, where
one’s will is conditioned to submit to tyranny, it is
intellectual liberty that comes primary.”
• Filipinos must get rid of slavery; must embrace liberty
again with a price, a bloody revolution.

10. •Political pragmatism & political operation for an
eventual Philippine independence
•Political Pragmatism – “one must fight for a goal but
if obstacles towards that goal are difficult to
summon then one must fall back to an alternative
that is better than nothing provided it’s in the right
direction.”
•Believed in Social Darwinism – governments are
products of political struggles for survival.

11. • “Partyless Democracy” –political parties influence
the politician, the people.
• Believed in the democratization of education for all,
national language, and justice.
• Equal access to essential raw materials.

13. •Individuals cannot forever remain in solitude.
•Social differences.
•“Human rights cannot be guaranteed unless the
citizens first do their obligations towards the state.”
•“Good governance is founded on righteousness and
foreign relations must be based on full reciprocal
rights and privileges between and among nations.”

15. •Colonial experience has developed a captive
consciousness. An effect of this “crab mentality”. This
is the tendency to those on top of the hierarchy to
push those below while those below to pull down
those up above.
•“When one makes a nationalist choice, he or she
chooses not for himself or herself alone but for the
entire nation as well.”

17. •As a painter, he believed that the task of an
authentic artist is to cut the umbilical cord of the
past, to make use of the present, and to protect
that present to the open future. He called this art
of “dissectionism.”
•True art must not be part-oriented, but present-
future oriented.

19. “History can be read as a
poem in the same way a
poem can be read as history.”

21. To “exist” is to “stand out.”
To “exist” is “to make a
difference.”

22. ROLANDO M.
GRIPALDO
(CIRCUMSTANTIALIST)

23. “Free choice” -Choices are done in situations,
which are of 2 broad types: rational and
nonrational.

24. ISABELO DELOS REYES
(LABOR ACTIVIST/
ANTHROPOLOGIST)

25. • Father of Filipino Socialism
• Initiated labor strikes against American business firms.
• Founded ‘El Ilocano’
• He organized the first labor union, Union Obrera
Democratica Filipina
• Mother Tongue based Multilingual Education

26. CAMILO OSIAS

27. “TAYO” concept
Believes that education must secure
for every Filipino the fullest measure
of efficiency, freedom, and
happiness.

29. • Liberal Education – an approach to learning that
empowers individuals and repairs them to deal with
complexity, diversity, and change.
• Sinco envisioned the need for well-trained teachers as
one of the essential factors to improve the quality of
educational program in schools.
• Aquino also stressed that those responsible for the
education of the citizens must also educate them in
fullness of their rational nature.

32. Reference:
https://www.slideshare.net/thesallysosa/filipino-social-thinkers-diss?qid=50316368-0fb6-
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