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1. Discipline and Ideas
In the
Social Sciences
(Famous Filipino Social
Thinkers)

2.  -Intelligence is the solution to the ills of the country
 -Their consciousness should be freed from fanaticism,
docility, inferiority, and hopelessness.
 -He started La Liga Filipina with the job of
enlightening the minds of the people.
 -Believed in Agnostic Deism – the view that God
created the universe with its law, never to interfere
with it again.
 -“Human problems are irrational human creations and
can be solved through rational solutions. If reason
commits mistakes, only reason can correct them.”
 -“What is the use of independence if the slaves of
today will be the tyrants of tomorrow.
Jose Rizal (Reformist)

3.  -Founded Katipunan/KKK. (kataastaasan,
kagalanggalangang, Katipunan ng mga anak
ng Bayan)
 -His philosophy of revolution was published in
the revolutionary newspaper, “Kalayan”.
 -Transformed the blood compact (sandugo) as
a kinship contract.
 -According to him, a revolution of war is
justified when there is breach of contract.
Andres Bonifacio (Revolutionalist)

4.  -He capitalized on the idea of a free reign of reason, of
the freedom to think and do, rather than the freedom
to will and do. (Gripaldo, 2002)
 -In a colonial situation where both will and thinking are
suppressed, where intellectual fanaticism is the rule,
where one’s will is conditioned to submit to tyranny, it is
intellectual liberty that comes primary.”
 -Believed in social Darwinism – governments are
products of political struggles for survival.
 -“Partyless Democracy” – political parties influence the
politician, the people.
 -Believed in the democratization of education for all,
national languages, and justice.
 -Equal access to essential raw materials.
Emilio Jacinto (Revolutionalist)

5.  individuals cannot forever remain in solitude.
 “Good governance is founded on righteousness
and foreign relations must be based on full
reciprocal rights and privileges between and
among nations.”
Jose P. Laurel (Political
Philosopher)

6.  -Colonial experience has developed a captive
consciousness. An effect of this “crab
mentality”. This is the tendency to those on top.
Renato Constantino (Nationalist)

7.  -Political pragmatism and political operation for an
eventual Philippine Independence.
 -Political Pragmatism “one must fight for a goal but if
obstacles towards that goal are difficult to summon
the one fall back to an alternative that is better than
nothing provided it’s in the right direction.”
 -Social differences
 -“Human rights cannot be guaranteed unless the
citizen’s firs do their obligations towards the states.”
 -“When one makes a nationalist choice, he or she
chooses not for himself or herself alone but for the
entire nation as well.”
Manuel Luis Quezon (Political
Philosopher)

8.  -As a painter, he believed that the task of an
authentic artist is to cut the umbilical cord of
the past, to make use of the present, and to
protect that present to the open future. He
called this art of “Dissectionism.”
 -True are must not be part-oriented, but
present-future oriented.
R. Esquirel Embuscado (Dissectionist)

9.  -“Rubber Toner” – a poem
 -“History can be read as a poem in the same
way a poem can be read as history.”
Claro Centeza (Meta Physician)
 -To “exist” is to “stand out”
 -To “exist” is “to make a difference.”
Cirilo Bautista (Political Theorist)

10.  -“Free choice” – Choices are done in situations, which
are 2 broad types: rational and non-rational.

Isabelo Delos Reyes (Labor
Activist/Anthropologist)
 -Father of Socialism
 -Initiated labor strikes against American business
firms
 -Founded ‘El Ilocano”
 -He organized the first labor union, Union Obrera
Democratica Filipina
 -Mother Tongue based Multilingual Education
Rolando M. Gripaldo (Circumtantialist)

11. Teodoro M. Kalaw
 -Published Cinko Reglas de Nuestra Moral
Antiga
Camilo Osias
 -“Tayo” concept
 -Believes that education must secure for every
Filipino the fullest measure of efficiency,
freedom, and happiness.

12.  -Liberal Education – an approach to learning
that empowers individuals and repairs them to
deal with complexity, diversity, and change.
 -Sinco envisioned the need for well-trained
teachers as one of the essential factors to
improve the quality of the educational program
in schools.
 -Aquino also stressed that those responsible
for the education of the citizens must also
educate them in the fullness of their rational
nature.
Vicente Sinco, Francisco Dalupan,
and Conrado Aquino

13. Thank You !!