The document outlines the evolution of cloud computing from mainframe computers to modern networked systems. It discusses the development of minicomputers and microcomputers connected by local area networks. The role of the internet in enabling remote access to computing resources through protocols like TCP/IP is also covered. Virtualization technologies allowed efficient sharing of computing resources and led to the concept of cloud computing providing virtualized systems and storage over the internet.

1. 1.2 The evolution toward
Cloud Computing

2. Overview of the Evolution of Cloud
Computing

3. 1.2.1Historictimeline
• Contributing factors to the existence of the Cloud
• The development of the Internet
• The move from Mainframe computing to the present day
myriad of personal devices with connection to the Internet.
• The development of computer networks
• Time-line
• Mainframe computers and terminals
• Decentralized mini computers with terminals
• Micro computers (PC) connected to a LAN with terminal
emulation
• Client-server architecture
• Any device connected to the internet

4. Minicomputers
• Easier to purchase
• Smaller
• Cheaper
• First specialized, later multi-
tasking
• Development of LAN

5. From Microcomputer to PC
• Smaller, smaller, smaller
• Single user > multi user
• Limited memory and storage
> limitless
• Elementary operating
system > multi OS

6. Local Area Networking

7. 1.2.2 Network and Servers
• Service forms
• Dial up with modem
• Dedicated leased-line
• Uses
• Dedicated terminal
• Access to time sharing
services
• Special services on
intelligent devices:
• Terminal server (remote
access)
• Batch processing (job
entry)

8. 1.2.3 The role of the Internet
• Initial vision: Intergalactic Computer Network
(Licklider, 1963)
• ARPANET (Advanced Research Projects Agency
Network, owned by the US Department of Defense,
1998)
• One protocol: the TCP/IP protocol (1983)
• One global and public network
• Internet services: www, ftp, smtp, http, …

9. 1.2.4 Virtualization
Not NEW!
• Exists since the 1970s in mainframe environments
Example: 1972 IBM VM/370

10. • Concept of the Cloud: virtualized operating
environment & thin clients; Web-based delivery
• Virtualization is the solution for integration of:
• Internet
• Storage
• Processing power
• Key Features are:
• Multiplies the use of high performance computers
• Puts extra/excess capacity to use
• Multi-tenancy

11. Six types of virtualization
• Access virtualization (access from any device)
• Application virtualization (platform and operating
system independent)
• Processing virtualization (one system becomes many)
• Network virtualization (enables artificial views of the
network)
• Storage virtualization (enables sharing, concealing,
etc.)

12. 1.2.5 Managed Services in the Cloud

13. • Advantages:
• Accessibility everywhere
• Shift of focus from IT to core business
• No need for highly trained IT staff
• Key Issues:
• Performance
• Compliance
• Contingency