This document discusses the American Art Collaborative project to publish museum collection data as Linked Open Data. It summarizes how the Smithsonian American Art Museum partnered with the University of Southern California Information Sciences Institute to map over 44,000 records to the RDF data model and link them to external datasets using the KARMA data integration tool. This process helps tear down data silos and provides new ways for audiences to explore American art collections online.
American Art Collaborative Linked Open Data presentation to "The Networked Cu...American Art Collaborative
An August 2017 presentation by Eleanor Fink to "The Networked Curator: Association of Art Museum Curators Foundation Digital Literacy Workshop for Art Curators"
American Art Collaborative Planning Grant Educational Briefings
Linked Data and Tools
Pedro Szekely - USC/Information Sciences Institute
September 30, 2014
Professional Forum:
Eleanor Fink, American Art Collaborative, USA, Shane Richey, Crystal Bridges Museum of American Art, USA, Jeremy Tubbs, Indianapolis Museum of Art, USA, Rebecca Menendez, Autry Museum of the American West, USA, Cathryn Goodwin, Princeton University, USA
Last year the Andrew W. Mellon Foundation awarded a planning grant to the American Art Collaborative (AAC), a consortium of thirteen U.S. museums who have come together to learn about and implement LOD within their respective museums. Under the grant AAC developed a road map for the Initiative that will test LOD reconciliation issues, develop production and reconciliation tools, and result in the publication of American art holdings as LOD for researchers, educators, general public, aggregators such as DPLA, ResearchSpace, and digital application developers. The road map also includes publication of best practices and guidelines to share with the broader museum community.
In September 2015, AAC member Crystal Bridges Museum of American Art received on behalf of AAC, an IMLS National leadership grant and plans for additional grants are underway. These grants are allowing AAC to convert data to LOD using the CIDOC CRM, link to the Getty Vocabularies as well as contribute missing names to enhance the vocabularies, and implement an API and reader compliant with the International Image Interoperability Framework (IIIF) that will allow researchers to compare and contrast AAC LOD. Several open source tools including a link curation tool and IIIF/CRM translator will be developed and made available for other museums. AAC is developing its LOD under a federated model whereby each AAC member assumes responsibility for updating and maintaining its own data.
The session will bring together representatives from large as well as small AAC partners to discuss the benefits of LOD, some of the lessons learned and challenging documentation issues AAC is facing.
Bibliography:
American Alliance of Museums (Museum July/August 2016 Beyond the Hyperlink: Linked Open Data creates new opportunities;
http://www.club-innovation-culture.fr/emmanuelle-delmas-glass-yale-center-for-british-art-si-les-musees-ne-choisissent-pas-lopen-content-ils-deviendront-invisibles-et-inutiles/
AAC Linked Data Planning: Perspectives and ConsiderationsDesign for Context
Overview of considerations for creating, publishing, managing, and using linked data in a cultural heritage context. Presented to the American Art Collaborative partners on 15th January 2015.
American Art Collaborative Linked Open Data presentation to "The Networked Cu...American Art Collaborative
An August 2017 presentation by Eleanor Fink to "The Networked Curator: Association of Art Museum Curators Foundation Digital Literacy Workshop for Art Curators"
American Art Collaborative Planning Grant Educational Briefings
Linked Data and Tools
Pedro Szekely - USC/Information Sciences Institute
September 30, 2014
Professional Forum:
Eleanor Fink, American Art Collaborative, USA, Shane Richey, Crystal Bridges Museum of American Art, USA, Jeremy Tubbs, Indianapolis Museum of Art, USA, Rebecca Menendez, Autry Museum of the American West, USA, Cathryn Goodwin, Princeton University, USA
Last year the Andrew W. Mellon Foundation awarded a planning grant to the American Art Collaborative (AAC), a consortium of thirteen U.S. museums who have come together to learn about and implement LOD within their respective museums. Under the grant AAC developed a road map for the Initiative that will test LOD reconciliation issues, develop production and reconciliation tools, and result in the publication of American art holdings as LOD for researchers, educators, general public, aggregators such as DPLA, ResearchSpace, and digital application developers. The road map also includes publication of best practices and guidelines to share with the broader museum community.
In September 2015, AAC member Crystal Bridges Museum of American Art received on behalf of AAC, an IMLS National leadership grant and plans for additional grants are underway. These grants are allowing AAC to convert data to LOD using the CIDOC CRM, link to the Getty Vocabularies as well as contribute missing names to enhance the vocabularies, and implement an API and reader compliant with the International Image Interoperability Framework (IIIF) that will allow researchers to compare and contrast AAC LOD. Several open source tools including a link curation tool and IIIF/CRM translator will be developed and made available for other museums. AAC is developing its LOD under a federated model whereby each AAC member assumes responsibility for updating and maintaining its own data.
The session will bring together representatives from large as well as small AAC partners to discuss the benefits of LOD, some of the lessons learned and challenging documentation issues AAC is facing.
Bibliography:
American Alliance of Museums (Museum July/August 2016 Beyond the Hyperlink: Linked Open Data creates new opportunities;
http://www.club-innovation-culture.fr/emmanuelle-delmas-glass-yale-center-for-british-art-si-les-musees-ne-choisissent-pas-lopen-content-ils-deviendront-invisibles-et-inutiles/
AAC Linked Data Planning: Perspectives and ConsiderationsDesign for Context
Overview of considerations for creating, publishing, managing, and using linked data in a cultural heritage context. Presented to the American Art Collaborative partners on 15th January 2015.
A Perspective on Wikidata: Ecosystems, Trust, and UsabilityRobert Sanderson
Brief and skeptical presentation about wikidata and its potential for use and abuse in the cultural heritage data ecosystem, presented at the PCC/LDAC forum on wikidata, November 12th, 2021.
New OrleansNovember 16-17, 2015
Expanding Machine-Readable Access Methods for Collections
Tearing Down Data Silos with Linked Open Data
Eleanor E. Fink, Manager, American Art Collaborative
Introduction to databases and metadata
Outline
What are databases?
What are the elements of databases?
What is metadata?
Why are they important for digital projects?
Are you interested in finding and using digital tools to enhance your research? In this workshop, Rafia Mirza from the UT Arlington Central Library will introduce you to the many different tools that are available to help you gather, process, and present your research.
Envisioning Social Applications of Library Linked DataUldis Bojars
This talk discusses two streams of innovation on the Web--the Social Web and Linked Data--and explains how bringing them together can move library services to the 21st century.
The core of the presentation will look at a few of the envisioned social use cases for library linked data: Social Annotation, Peer-to-Peer Bookswapping and Social Recommendations.
The goal is to create interest in combining new technologies and to start a discussion about how to bring these and similar use cases to fruition.
Presented at the ELAG-2012 conference: http://www.elag2012.com/
Research into Practice case study 2: Library linked data implementations an...Hazel Hall
The research underlying this presentation explored the role that libraries play in the linked data context. Focusing on European national libraries and Scottish libraries, multiple data gathering methods and constant comparative analysis were applied in the study. Amongst the findings, a general lack of awareness within the library community of the Semantic Web and the implications of linked data was identified. At the same time, there is recognition that linked data augments the discoverability and enhances the interoperability of library data. The presentation will include recommendations for the application of the findings of this research in practice.
Sands Fish - Knowing in the Age of Networked Knowledgesandsfish
Knowledge representation has become extremely complex since the advent of the internet, online education, and commons-based peer production. This talk discusses the thresholds we've crossed and what it means to know something when knowledge is massively interlinked.
Presentación del Dr. Getaneh Alemu (Solent University, Reino Unido), en el II Congreso de Información, Comunicación e Investigación (CICI 2018) “Metadatos y Organización de la Información”. Facultad de Filosofía y Letras de la Universidad Autónoma de Chihuahua, México. Evento organizado por el Cuerpo Académico 'Estudios de la Información' y el Grupo Disciplinar ‘Información, Lenguaje, Comunicación y Desarrollo Sostenible’. 29 de octubre de 2018.
The common use by archaeologists of ubiquitous technologies such as computers and digital cameras means that archaeological research projects now produce huge amounts of diverse, digital documentation. However, while the technology is available to collect this documentation, we still largely lack community accepted dissemination channels appropriate for such torrents of data. Open Context (http://www.opencontext.org) aims to help fill this gap by providing open access data publication services for archaeology. Open Context has a flexible and generalized technical architecture that can accommodate most archaeological datasets, despite the lack of common recording systems or other documentation standards. Open Context includes a variety of tools to make data dissemination easier and more worthwhile. Authorship is clearly identified through citation tools, a web-based publication systems enables individuals upload their own data for review, and collaboration is facilitated through easy download and other features. While we have demonstrated a potentially valuable approach for data sharing, we face significant challenges in scaling Open Context up for serving large quantities of data from multiple projects.
This presentation considers the changing nature of the scholarly record and applies the findings of NMC Horizons Report Library Edition 2014 to the Claremont Colleges Library's institutional repository.
A Perspective on Wikidata: Ecosystems, Trust, and UsabilityRobert Sanderson
Brief and skeptical presentation about wikidata and its potential for use and abuse in the cultural heritage data ecosystem, presented at the PCC/LDAC forum on wikidata, November 12th, 2021.
New OrleansNovember 16-17, 2015
Expanding Machine-Readable Access Methods for Collections
Tearing Down Data Silos with Linked Open Data
Eleanor E. Fink, Manager, American Art Collaborative
Introduction to databases and metadata
Outline
What are databases?
What are the elements of databases?
What is metadata?
Why are they important for digital projects?
Are you interested in finding and using digital tools to enhance your research? In this workshop, Rafia Mirza from the UT Arlington Central Library will introduce you to the many different tools that are available to help you gather, process, and present your research.
Envisioning Social Applications of Library Linked DataUldis Bojars
This talk discusses two streams of innovation on the Web--the Social Web and Linked Data--and explains how bringing them together can move library services to the 21st century.
The core of the presentation will look at a few of the envisioned social use cases for library linked data: Social Annotation, Peer-to-Peer Bookswapping and Social Recommendations.
The goal is to create interest in combining new technologies and to start a discussion about how to bring these and similar use cases to fruition.
Presented at the ELAG-2012 conference: http://www.elag2012.com/
Research into Practice case study 2: Library linked data implementations an...Hazel Hall
The research underlying this presentation explored the role that libraries play in the linked data context. Focusing on European national libraries and Scottish libraries, multiple data gathering methods and constant comparative analysis were applied in the study. Amongst the findings, a general lack of awareness within the library community of the Semantic Web and the implications of linked data was identified. At the same time, there is recognition that linked data augments the discoverability and enhances the interoperability of library data. The presentation will include recommendations for the application of the findings of this research in practice.
Sands Fish - Knowing in the Age of Networked Knowledgesandsfish
Knowledge representation has become extremely complex since the advent of the internet, online education, and commons-based peer production. This talk discusses the thresholds we've crossed and what it means to know something when knowledge is massively interlinked.
Presentación del Dr. Getaneh Alemu (Solent University, Reino Unido), en el II Congreso de Información, Comunicación e Investigación (CICI 2018) “Metadatos y Organización de la Información”. Facultad de Filosofía y Letras de la Universidad Autónoma de Chihuahua, México. Evento organizado por el Cuerpo Académico 'Estudios de la Información' y el Grupo Disciplinar ‘Información, Lenguaje, Comunicación y Desarrollo Sostenible’. 29 de octubre de 2018.
The common use by archaeologists of ubiquitous technologies such as computers and digital cameras means that archaeological research projects now produce huge amounts of diverse, digital documentation. However, while the technology is available to collect this documentation, we still largely lack community accepted dissemination channels appropriate for such torrents of data. Open Context (http://www.opencontext.org) aims to help fill this gap by providing open access data publication services for archaeology. Open Context has a flexible and generalized technical architecture that can accommodate most archaeological datasets, despite the lack of common recording systems or other documentation standards. Open Context includes a variety of tools to make data dissemination easier and more worthwhile. Authorship is clearly identified through citation tools, a web-based publication systems enables individuals upload their own data for review, and collaboration is facilitated through easy download and other features. While we have demonstrated a potentially valuable approach for data sharing, we face significant challenges in scaling Open Context up for serving large quantities of data from multiple projects.
This presentation considers the changing nature of the scholarly record and applies the findings of NMC Horizons Report Library Edition 2014 to the Claremont Colleges Library's institutional repository.
Creating Sustainable Communities in Open Data Resources: The eagle-i and VIVO...Robert H. McDonald
This is the slidedeck for my ACRL 2015 TechConnect Presentation with Nicole Vasilevsky (OHSU). For more on the program see - <a>http://bit.ly/1xcQbCr</a>.
The library and the network: scale, engagement, innovationlisld
Presented at Georgetown University Library. Discusses ongoing reconfiguration of libraries by networks. A shift from infrastructure to engagement around developing research and learning needs. Also includes some analysis of Georgetown collections in the context of Worldcat.
This paper surveys the landscape of linked open data projects in cultural heritage, exam- ining the work of groups from around the world. Traditionally, linked open data has been ranked using the five star method proposed by Tim Berners-Lee. We found this ranking to be lacking when evaluating how cultural heritage groups not merely develop linked open datasets, but find ways to used linked data to augment user experience. Building on the five-star method, we developed a six-stage life cycle describing both dataset development and dataset usage. We use this framework to describe and evaluate fifteen linked open data projects in the realm of cultural heritage.
Presentation by Toby Burrows and Deb Verhoeven to the Fifth National Forum of AeRO (the Australian eResearch Organization), held in Perth on 26 July 2013. The presentation gives an overview of the HuNI Project as at July 2013. Topics covered include: data ingest and alignment from 28 Australian humanities datasets; building HuNI’s discovery functionality; and designing Virtual Laboratory tools for researchers.
The Getty Vocabularies
Patricia Harpring - Managing Editor, Getty Vocabulary Program
Getty Vocabularies - Why LOD? Why now?
A Brief History of the Project
Joan Cobb - IT Specialist Project Manager, Getty Information Technology Services
October 21, 2014
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Let’s explore the intersection of technology and equity in the final session of our DEI series. Discover how AI tools, like ChatGPT, can be used to support and enhance your nonprofit's DEI initiatives. Participants will gain insights into practical AI applications and get tips for leveraging technology to advance their DEI goals.
A workshop hosted by the South African Journal of Science aimed at postgraduate students and early career researchers with little or no experience in writing and publishing journal articles.
How to Make a Field invisible in Odoo 17Celine George
It is possible to hide or invisible some fields in odoo. Commonly using “invisible” attribute in the field definition to invisible the fields. This slide will show how to make a field invisible in odoo 17.
Operation “Blue Star” is the only event in the history of Independent India where the state went into war with its own people. Even after about 40 years it is not clear if it was culmination of states anger over people of the region, a political game of power or start of dictatorial chapter in the democratic setup.
The people of Punjab felt alienated from main stream due to denial of their just demands during a long democratic struggle since independence. As it happen all over the word, it led to militant struggle with great loss of lives of military, police and civilian personnel. Killing of Indira Gandhi and massacre of innocent Sikhs in Delhi and other India cities was also associated with this movement.
Read| The latest issue of The Challenger is here! We are thrilled to announce that our school paper has qualified for the NATIONAL SCHOOLS PRESS CONFERENCE (NSPC) 2024. Thank you for your unwavering support and trust. Dive into the stories that made us stand out!
1. Brought to you by
Live streaming and
video recordings
made possible by
2. The Blossoming of the Semantic Web:
Linked Open Data and the American Art Collaborative
Diana Folsom
Eleanor Fink:
Head of Collection Digitization
Art and Technology Advisor and Project
Coordinator
Thomas Gilcrease Institute of American History
and Culture (Gilcrease Museum)
Information Sciences Institute, USC
Rachel Allen:
Pedro Szekely
Deputy Director
Project Leader
Smithsonian American Art Museum
Information Sciences Institute, USC
Shane Richey
Digital Media Manager
Crystal Bridges Museum of American Art
4. LINKED OPEN DATA LANDSDCAPE
Eleanor E. Fink, Art and Technology Consultant
5. Linked Open Data
A method of publishing structured data so that it can be
interlinked and become more useful
Uses a markup language called RDF that allows the
relationship between subject, predicate, and object to be
tagged explicitly so that when you are searching using
Linked Open Data you don’t get the “noise” or unrelated
information you get with a Google search
6. facts:
<subject> <predicate> <object>
using W3C standards (RDF)
Linked Data
links between facts from different
databases
like links between Web pages
University of Southern California
Pedro Szekely and Craig Knoblock
9. Linked Open Data
•
•
tears down data silos
provides seamless access across
museums and world of knowledge (articles,
objects in other museums ,obituaries, Wikipedia,
New York Times, etc.)
• provides rich content that supports K-12
education around the country
10. Linked Open Data
•
deepens experience of audiences and reaches
new audiences
• can engage audiences in research and change
how museums connect with people
• can lead to innovative funding through new
applications
18. Smithsonian American Art Museum
and USC Information Sciences
Institute
How We Did It
Rachel Allen, Deputy Director, SAAM and
Eleanor E. Fink, Art and Technology Consultant
21. American Art’s Technology Goals
Be a crossroads for American art
Lead in use of new media
Experiment with technology
Expand outreach
Attract the born-digital generation
22. Benefits of Linked Open Data
Make our collections data more discoverable
Allow for sophisticated queries about data
Create connections with other museums
Create connections with other resources
Create connections with dispersed content on
social media
Help us better adapt to the changing web
23. Our Team Questions about LOD
Will it take too much time to prepare our data?
How does LOD differ from a Google search?
Is it foolish to do before standards are in place?
What if people do inappropriate things with our
data?
Will it be worth the time and effort in the end?
How do we handle our non-public data?
24. Five Phases to Linked Open Data
Prepare the data
Determine the ontology
Map the data to RDF
Link to hub datasets
Publish the data.
26. Linking the American Art Museum to the Cloud
The Process
Mapping the Data to RDF (Resource Description Framework)
• Used KARMA tool to model the data (http://www.isi.edu/integration/karma/)
28. Ontology: EDM2
distinguishing between a 'provided item' (painting, book) and its
digital representations
distinguishing between an item and the metadata record
describing it
allowing the ingestion of multiple records for the same item,
which may contain contradictory statements about it
EDM re-uses elements coming from already-established
vocabularies, such as Dublin Core, OAI-ORE, SKOS and CIDOC-CRM
29. Information Sciences Institute
Early work with DARPA and creation of
Internet
Current work also with private sector, NSF,
government, military, museums etc. E.g.
R & D, cyber security, internet protocols, Linked
Open Data, etc.
30. ISI Research Environment is Unique in Academia:
5-10 Year Full Research-To-Transition Cycle
BASIC
RESEARCH
PhD
theses
Graduate
projects
CROSS-DISCIPLINARY
RESEARCH & INTEGRATION
DEPLOYMENT &
COMMERCIALIZATION
ISI Startups
CrossDisciplinary
Multi-Institutional
Collaborations
Collabs
w/ companies
& customers
Academic and
Curriculum
Development,
Teaching
Broad Range of
Expertise and
Interests
Faster and
Comprehensive
Delivery of Basic
Research Products
NSF, AFOSR, NIH, NRL
DARPA, NSF, NIH, DTO
SOCOM, DARPA, AFRL
33. KARMA
KARMA, open source, semi-automated,
interactive, data integration tool that makes LOD
conversion easy
Initially developed for the Intelligence Advanced
Research Projects Activity (IARPA). Now has been
applied to 44,000 records from SAAM and
several other museums
Self learning (learns from patterns with each
mapping)
34. KARMA
Can accept data in all major formats
including spreadsheets, and XML
Works with any ontology that a client
chooses
High accuracy rate (SAAM over 94%
matching score)
Staff can interact with tool to make
adjustments
39. PROCESS: LINKING EXTERNALLY
Completed:
• DBPedia - 2,194
• New York Times – 70
• Getty Union List of Artist Names - 2,110 Rijksmuseum
dataset – 551
• In the Future:
• Places
• Concepts
• Other museum datasets
• Social media content
40. Match Precision Linking Museum Data
DBPedia
New York Times
University of Southern California
2,194
70
Getty ULAN®
Rijksmuseum
Geonames
2,110
551
3,068
Pedro Szekely and Craig Knoblock
44. Immediate Next Steps
Verify geographic place links
Add other additional links
Develop an ongoing management plan
Take over hosting of the OWLIM database
Publish and announce the SPARQL endpoint
45. Future Applications
Improve artist representation on Wikipedia
Embed LOD into our website
Tag and link museum social media content
Expand our use of LOD to enhance research
Relationship finder application for curating stories
Encourage development of museum applications
48. Benefits and Opportunities
Linked Open Data can:
Create connections across diverse systems,
(locally, regionally, around the globe)
Provide new ways to conduct business, find
information, develop applications
Lead to discovery of new research and new
ideas across disciplines
49. Next Steps
The Semantic Web needs more cultural information
Become a part of the LOD cloud and help us build a
critical mass of linked cultural data!
Together we can
Seek funding for data conversion and ongoing
maintenance
Provide tools like KARMA
Develop training and education about linked open data
Build a collaborative and supportive network of
practitioners
An augmented version of Europeana Data Model v.2 for overall framework; SKOS for classification of artworks, artist and place names; Dublin Core for tombstone data; RDA Group 2 Elements for biographical information; schema.org for geographical data.