Textual aids are educational tools that provide support and facilitate understanding of a text. They include highlighting, bolding, or italicizing important words, and adding charts, diagrams, graphs or images. Graphic organizers visually represent ideas, concepts and relationships. Common types include idea wheels, Venn diagrams, tree charts, organizational charts, sequence of events chains, cause-and-effect maps, timelines, concept maps, mind maps, and flowcharts. Story maps use graphic organizers to help students learn the elements of a book.

1. TEXTUAL
AIDS

2. Textual aids
- educational instruments
- written texts
- emphasize the essential phases, thoughts
graphs, and/or images
- tools or materials that provide support and
facilitate understanding of the text
Examples
- words being highlighted, bolded, italicized,
- adding charts, diagrams maps, tables, etc.

11. A graphic organizer visually represents
ideas, concepts, and relationships
between various components.

12. Idea Wheel Graphic Organizer
The idea wheel is like a mixture
of the circle map and the spider
map.
This graphic organizer works for
brainstorming and organizing
ideas at the same time. The
center of the chart holds the main
topic which is being studied and
around it there can be other
circles or shapes, a sectioned
larger circle or connected
bubbles.

13. Venn Diagram Graphic
Organizer
Venn Diagram
organizers are similar
to idea webs, but the
visual difference is that
the circles or sections
overlap each other
instead of being
connected with lines.

14. Tree Chart Graphic Organizer
When it's time to classify and
organize information, the tree
chart can be of great help. Visually,
Visually, the tree chart resembles a
a real tree, and some people even
associate it with a family tree.
The topmost section is the main
title or topic, below that are the
qualifiers or subtopics. Below the
subtopics, the relevant information
information forms a list.

15. Organizational Chart Graphic Organizer
Although it looks similar to a tree chart,
an organizational chart has a different
purpose.
A tree chart separates information into
sections that stem from each other as
classification, while an organizational
chart is more about hierarchy.

16. Sequence of Events
Chain Graphic
Organizer
A sequence of events
chain is pretty much
the same as a
flowchart. This type of
graphic organizer is a
visual representation of
of a process,
progression or set of
instructions.

17. Cause and Effect Map Graphic
Organizer
The cause and effect map
helps to figure out the causes
and effects of certain events.
The way to use it is to start
with a main event, which fills
the main central section of the
map.

18. Timeline Chart Graphic
Organizer
A timeline chart is a long
line representing a span of
of time. All along the line,
connected shapes stem
out depicting events
happening on certain
dates. The events are
organized in chronological
order.

19. Concept maps
A concept map or
conceptual diagram
is a diagram that
depicts suggested
relationships
between concepts. It
is a graphical tool
that instructional
designers,
engineers, technical
writers, and others
use to organize and
structure knowledge.

20. Mind maps
A mind map is a diagram used
to visually organize information.
A mind map is hierarchical and
shows relationships among
pieces of the whole. It is often
created around a single
concept, drawn as an image in
the center of a blank page, to
which associated
representations of ideas such
images, words and parts of
words are added. Major ideas
are connected directly to the
central concept, and other ideas
branch out from those.

21. FLOWCHART
A flowchart is a diagram that illustrates a process. It
consists of boxes and lines.
Flowcharts are especially useful for processes that
involve multiple steps or decisions. They're often
used to explain complicated manufacturing or service
delivery tasks.

22. A story map is a strategy
that uses a graphic
organizer to help students
learn the elements of a book
or story.