Q1_Textual_Aids.pptx Grade 10 English MELC-based lesson

English 10
Quarter 1, Module 2
TEXTUAL AIDS
Advance Organizers
Titles
Non-Linear Illustrations

REBUS
A rebus is a puzzle device that combines
the use of illustrated pictures with
individual letters to depict words or
phrases.

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Most Essential Learning
Competency:
Determine the effect of textual
aids like advance organizers,
titles, non-linear illustrations, etc.
on the understanding of a text.
EN10RC-Ia-2.15.2

Objectives:
While going through this lesson, you are
expected to have:
1. use various textual aids in understanding
a text; and
2. determine the effect of these textual aids
in understanding a text.

Have you seen posters or infographics?
Learning Task 1: Using this infographic on
COVID-19 Philippine Situationer issued on
July 24, 2020 by the Department of Health,
answer the following questions in your
notebook:
1. Identify the number of active cases in the
country.
2. Determine the number of total cases as per
the situationer.
3. Enumerate the different classifications of
active cases.
4. Describe each classification of active cases.
5. Identify the number of active cases based on
their classifications.
6. As per report, determine the number of
probable and suspected cases.

What is …?
TEXTUAL AIDS
• refer to non-textual elements that help readers
understand the content of the text.
• They also refer to elements that stand-out from the
main text such as titles and subtitles, bold, italicized,
and underlined texts.
• Non-textual elements include illustrations, maps,
tables, graphs, and charts.

What are the functions of
Textual Aids?
 To direct readers’
attention to
important ideas in
the text
 to provide more
information as a
supplement to what
is already written.

LINEAR AND NON-LINEAR TEXTS
The difference between a linear text and nonlinear text
is the reading path. A linear text is a traditional text
that needs to be read from beginning to end to make
sense of the text. Examples of linear texts are short
stories, novels, letters, and educational texts.
A nonlinear text, on the other hand, is not required to
be read from beginning to end since its reading path is
non-sequential. In assisting the readers, visual aids
such as graphic organizers, concept maps, diagrams,
and charts are used.

Titles
Advance
Organizers
Non-linear
Illustrations

Advance
Organizers
 Teachers use advance organizers to introduce a
lesson and guide learners on how to think about
it.
Preview

Advance Organizers Expository Advance
Organizer
 give students a broad idea of the lesson’s purpose before
the lesson begins.
“We’ve talked about what habitats are
and why some animals prefer to live in
different places than other animals do.
Our goal today is to learn about the four
layers of a tropical rainforest and which
animals live in each of those different
layers.”
https://www.understood.org/articles/en/common-advance-organizers-and-why-they-work

Advance Organizers Narrative Advance
Organizers
 involve storytelling
“I’m going to tell you a story about a little
tree frog who climbed from the forest floor
up to the very top of the tallest tree in the
rainforest.”

Advance Organizers Skimming
 A teacher may ask students to skim
over a reading, focusing on
highlighted information, such as
captions or chapter headings.
 Younger students might take a
“picture walk” through the
reading.

Advance Organizers Graphic Organizers
 They structure information visually or in pictures.
 usually one-page forms with lots of blank areas so they’re easy for
students to skim before the lesson.
Graphic organizers are visual
displays that have key content
information. These textual aids
provide learners with structure
for abstract concepts. These are
usually created and designed for
those who have trouble
organizing information and
thoughts

Persuasion Map
 an interactive graphic organizer that helps students familiarize
themselves with the process of PERSUASIVE WRITING
 It assists them with outlining and preparing arguments for
their essays, speeches, debates, etc.
https://creately.com/blog/diagrams/types-of-graphic-organizers/

Sequence Chart
 a tool that helps visualize the order of steps of a process or a
timeline of events, etc.
 It can also be used for note-taking, lesson planning, and essay
writing.
Flow Diagram/Chart
This is a sequence chart that shows
series of events in order. If you have a
concept that has steps such as
processes or sequence, the Flow
Diagram is the applicable textual aid
organizer.

Story Map
 can be used to identify the different elements such as
characters, character plots, themes, techniques, etc. in a book

Biography Graphic
Organizer
 a tool that assists with
understanding a character
from a novel, autobiography
or movie or a historical figure
more in-depth

Learning Maps
 visually depict the key takeaways – skills, ideas, knowledge –
students should get from a lesson.
 provides a high-level view of the
lesson/ unit/ course that is to be
studied and the connection between
its different components
 Students can also use learning maps
in the classroom for note-taking.

Vocabulary Graphic
Organizer
 used to assess the vocabulary knowledge of students

Problem-solving
Organizer
 used to improve the
problem-solving skills of the
students.
 helps students identify and
evaluate solutions to problems.

Timeline Graphic
Organizer
 a type of graphic organizer that shows a sequence of events in
chronological order.
 used to show the progress of something (i.e. growth of a
business) or changes.

T-Chart
 allows students to study two
facets of a topic.
For example, disadvantages and
advantages, pros and cons,
differences and similarities, etc.

Hierarchy Chart
 visualizes the elements of a
system, organization, or concept
from its highest position to the
lowest.

Star Diagram
 used to organize the
characteristics of a chosen topic
 can also be used to brainstorm
around new topics

Cluster Diagram
 used to facilitate a brainstorming
session or structure idea
generation and even to help with
exploring new topics

Lotus Diagram
 an analytical tool that can be used to breakdown broader and
more complex topics into smaller components for easy
understanding.

Cause and Effect
Graphic Organizer
 shows the causes and effects of an event.
Cause-and-Effect
Diagram
This diagram emphasizes
the connection between
the different concepts and
is sometimes called as the
beneficial organizer since
it can be applied to all
subject areas. This is more
known as the Fishbone or
Ishikawa diagram.

Mind Map
 helps capture the free flow of thought and is widely used for
brainstorming around topics.
 can also be used to organize and group information about a topic.

Double Bubble Map
 one of the popular thinking
maps
 much like a Venn diagram and is
used to identify similar and
different qualities between two
things.

Venn Diagram
 visually represent a comparison of differences and similarities
between two subjects
 categorize, and recognize similarities and differences of two or more
subjects, ideas, thoughts or concepts. Called as the most commonly
used textual aid, this instructional tool can be found in teacher resource
materials, examinations, hand outs, etc.

Advance Organizers KWL Chart
 another popular form of advance
organizer

Advance Organizers Analogies
 comparisons of two things that are alike in some
way
Radar Bouncing
Ball

with
TITLE
withou
t TITLE
BOLD
Colored
Italics

Advance Organizers
TABLE
 an arrangement of information in rows and columns containing cells that make
comparing and contrasting of information easier Table Number
Title
Captions
Stubs
Footnote
Source

Advance Organizers
GRAPH
 used when a simple table cannot adequately
demonstrate important relationships of and within data
(Mind Tools Content Team, 2020)
Bar Graph
 uses either vertical or
horizontal bars to show
the data it represents
Title
LABELS
BARS
Advance Organizers

line Graph
Advance Organizers
GRAPH
 used to show how
numerical data have
changed over time
 best used to show trends
Title
X-Axis
Y-Axis

Pie Graph
Advance Organizers
GRAPH
 shows how a whole is
divided into parts
Title
Legend
DATA
Source

Pictograph
Advance Organizers
GRAPH
 pictorial representation of
data using images,
icons, or symbols.
Title
Pictures
Labels
Key

Titles
Advance
Organizers
Non-linear
Illustrations
Illustrations
(Pictures)
Maps

Map
 a visual representation of selected characteristics of a
place, usually drawn on a flat surface
2 Types of Maps
Physical Map Political Map

Transcoding Linear to Nonlinear Text and vice versa
Transcoding Linear to Nonlinear text and vice versa is a
skill that one has to be familiar with since it can be
used in our everyday lives. There will be times when you
would have to transcode a linear text to nonlinear text
to make it easier for other people to understand it and a
nonlinear text to linear text to have a detailed
description of a certain topic.

https://rehabilitationrobotics.net/what-are-the-textual-aids-found-in-the-te
xt/
References:
https://www.understood.org/articles/en/common-advance-
organizers-and-why-they-work

Learning Task 2: In your notebook, transform the text below into a
non-textual information source.
Sharks and whales are classic examples of two different animals
revealing similar traits in the same environment. One of the similarities
of these two marine animals is their habitat. They both live in the vast
range of depth in their environment. They also have the same fin
structure. They only have a single tail for propulsion and because they
are both large aquatic animals, they both consume large volume of
food; however, sharks hunt for their food. Whales do not have this
hunting tendency. Another difference of sharks to whales is their class.
Whales are mammals while sharks are fish but they both live in the
ocean. Also, whales have bones while sharks only have cartilages.

Q1_Textual_Aids.pptx Grade 10 English MELC-based lesson

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