This presentation discusses textile composites. It begins with an introduction of the presenter and the department. The topic is then introduced as textile composites. The contents section outlines what will be covered, including definitions of composites, why they are used, constituents, classifications, manufacturing processes, applications, and properties. Composites are defined as combining two materials where one is usually a textile to produce a new material. They are preferred due to properties like strength, weight, and design flexibility. Composites are classified by their matrix as metal, ceramic, or polymer. Manufacturing processes include hand layup, molding, and filament winding. Applications include aerospace, automotive, sports equipment, and more

1. WELCOME
TO
MY PRESENTATION
1

2. Prepared by:
Md. Ashraful Alam
ID: 11121107013
Intake: 4th
Program: B.sc. in Textile Engineering
Prepared to:
Md. Mahabub Hasan
Assistant Professor
Department of Textile Engineering
BUBT
2

3. Topic name: Textile Composite
3

4. CONTENTS
• What are composites?
• Why composites materials?
• Constituents of composite materials
• Classification of Textile composites
• Metal matrix composite, Ceramic matrix composite,
polymer matrix composite
• Reinforcement, matrix and interface
• Manufacturing processes of Textile Composites
• Applications of Textile composites
• Properties of Textile composites materials
4

5. What are Textile Composites?
 Textile composites are created by combining two or more materials (at
least one textile material) to produce a new material that retains important
properties from the original elements .
 Reinforcing fibers give composites the attributes of high strength and
stiffness.
 In textile composites fibers are surrounded by a choice of polymers that act
as a support system.
 Composites are produced by reinforcing a resin matrix (thermoplastic /
thermoset) with fibres like glass fibre, aramid, carbon fibre and/or natural
fibres.
5

6. Why composites materials?
Composites materials are preferred over contemporary metallic materials due
to their
• High strength
• Light weight
• Long life
• Net shape manufacturing
• Design flexibility
• Durability
• Corrosion resistance
6

7. Constituents of composite materials:
1. Matrix:
 Continuous phase, the primary phase that is made of metal, polymer or
ceramic
 It holds the dispersed phase and shares a load with it.
 It protects the reinforcement from surface damage due to abrasion or
chemical attacks
2. Dispersed (reinforcing) phase:
 The second phase is imbedded in the matrix in a continuous /
discontinuous form.
 Disperse phase is usually stronger than the matrix, therefore it is sometimes
called reinforcing phase.
3. Interface:
 The zone across which the matrix and reinforcing phases interact
( chemically, physically or mechanically)
7

8. Classification
 Types of matrix:
1. Natural: silica sand, starch, epoxy etc
2. Synthetic: fumed silica, fused silica, epoxy, polyester etc
Based on matrix textile composite can be classified as:
 Metal matrix composites (MMC)
 Ceramic matrix composites (CMC)
 Polymer matrix composites (PMC)
a) Thermoset
b) Thermoplastic
c) Rubber
8

9. Metal matrix composites (MMC)
• Metal matrix composites (MMCs) are a subgroup of composite materials.
 Composition:
 MMC are made by dispersing a reinforcing material into a metal matrix. The
reinforcement surface can be coated to prevent a chemical reaction with the matrix.
 Reinforcement: Carbon fibres are commonly used as reinforcement in aluminum
matrix.
 Matrix:
 In structural applications, the matrix is usually a lighter metal such as aluminum,
magnesium, or titanium, and provides a compliant support for the reinforcement.
9

10. Ceramic matrix composites
 Ceramic matrix composites (CMCs) are a subgroup of composite materials
as well as a subgroup of technical ceramics.
 They consist of ceramic fibers embedded in a ceramic matrix, thus forming
a ceramic fiber reinforced ceramic (CFRC) material.
 Fibres materials are commonly used as carbon and aluminum oxide.
 Matrix materials are usually silica carbide, silica nitride and aluminum
oxide. They retain their strength up to 3000 Fahrenheit.
 They are usually used where to resist high temperature and for non-
corrosive environment
10

11. Polymer Matrix composites
 Polymer matrix composites are the imp and third subgroup of composites.
 It is also referred as fibre-reinforced plastics(FRP)
 In these fibre-reinforced plastics, the plastic is reinforced with fibers to
make a light and strong material.
 The reinforcing materials are carbon, aramid or glass.
 The matrix can basically be any type of plastic: epoxy, polyester, vinyl
ester, polypropylene (PP).
Matrix examples for PMC
11
Thermoplastic resins
• polypropylene (PP)
• thermoplastic polyesters (PET,
PBT)
• polyether sulphide (PES)
• polyphenylene sulphide (PPS)
• polyether imide (PEI)
• polyether ether ketone (PEEK)
Thermosetting resins
• Epoxy
• unsaturated polyester (UP)
• Vinylester
• polyurethane (PUR)
• phenolic resin
• acrylic resin

12. Manufacturing processes:
 Hand lay-up
 Vacuum bagging / autoclave
 Compression moulding
 Liquid resin moulding
 Pultrution
 Filament winding
 Injection moulding
 Thermoplastics processing
 Auto mated tape laying
12

13. Polymer matrix composite
13
Minardi Formula
1
All Formula One race
cars have a carbon fibre
monocoque structure that
protects the driver for all
crashes
BMC frame with
carbon/epoxy pre-preg
One of the most well-known
composite applications in sports
is the so-called "carbon bike".
The frame consists of carbon
fibre-reinforced epoxy which
makes the frame very stiff and
lightweight.

14. BMW M6 with carbon fibre roof
In automotive applications, composites are all around us. Just as
in sports applications, weight reduction is pushing the designers to
use more and more composites. The examples are numerous.
14

15. Application of Textile composite
15

16. Application of Textile composite
16

17. Advantages of textile composites used in Aeroplane
17

18. Properties of composite products:
 Tensile strength of composites is four to six times greater than that of conventional
materials like steel, aluminium etc.
 Improved torsion stiffness and impact properties .
 Higher fatigue endurance limit (up to 60% of the ultimate tensile strength)
 30-45% lighter than aluminium structures designed for the same functional
requirements .
 Lower embedded energy .
 Composites are less noisy while in operation and provide lower vibration
transmission
 Composites are more versatile and can be tailored to meet performance needs and
complex design requirements
 Long life offers excellent fatigue, impact, environmental resistance and reduced
maintenance.
 Composites enjoy reduced maintenance cost
 Composites exhibit excellent corrosion resistance and fire retardant capability
 Improved appearance with smooth surfaces and readily incorporable integral
decorative melamine are other characteristics of composites
• Composite parts can eliminate joints/fasteners, providing part simplification and
integrated design.
 25% reduction in weight and 95% reduction in components by combining parts and
forms into simpler moulded parts. 18

19. Conclusion:
Everybody comes across composites in his daily life. You might
be playing tennis or badminton with a "graphite racket", You
might have a "carbon bike",your bike breaks are made of
composite, several parts of your car body are also made of
composites.
So we can say today composites are popular and useful and in
future it will be very much helpful for our daily life.
19

20. THANK YOU ALL
20