This document discusses different types of composite materials, including polymer matrix composites, metal matrix composites, and ceramic matrix composites. It defines composite materials as combinations of two materials with different physical properties to create a specialized material. It provides details on the composition, properties, and applications of each composite type. The key advantages of composites are their high strength to weight ratio and ability to be tailored for specific mechanical properties.

1. DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
“COMPOSITE MATERIAL”
PRESENTED BY
K.JOSAPH
K.ANAND PAUL

2.  Introduction
 Classification of composite materials
 Polymer matrix composite
 Metal matrix composite
 Ceramic matrix composite
 Advantages and limitation
 Applications
 conclusions

3.  A composite material is a combination of two
materials with different physical and chemical
properties. When they are combined they create a
material which is specialized to do a certain job,
for instance to become stronger, lighter or
resistant to electricity
 Composites can also used metal fibres reinforcing
other metals as in metal matrix composites(MMC)
or ceramic matrix composites (CMC) and
concrete
 The engineers can also select properties such as
resistance to heat, chemicals and weathering by
choosing an appropriate matrix material

5.  A polymer matrix composite (PMC) is a composite
material composed of a variety of short or
continuous fibers bound together by a matrix of
organic polymers. PMCs are designed to transfer
loads between fibers of a matrix.
 In PMCs, the reinforcement materials add
the strength to the composites.
 PMCs usage has been established for decades in
aerospace and automotive industries2; and has
been expanding to new applications, such as
marine, infrastructure, energy, and biomedical
fields.

6.  Polymer matrix is typically classified
as thermoset or thermoplastic.
Thermoset polymer on curing results
three-dimensional cross-linked solid
structure having high
dimensional/thermal stability and
solvent-resistant properties

7. APPLICATIONS
The polymer-matrix composites are of
huge importance in various fields like
 household
 construction
 military
 industry
 marine
 sports, communications, electronics,
 medical devices,aerospace, and the
automobile.

9.  Metal matrix composites (MMCs) are a group of
materials (such as metals, alloys or intermetallic
compounds) incorporated with various reinforcing
phases, such as particulates, whiskers or continuous
fibers
 MMCs are made by dispersing a reinforcing material
into a metal matrix. The reinforcement surface can be
coated to prevent a chemical reaction with the matrix.
 They posses high stiffness, light weight
and high thermal conductivity.

10. MMCs are classified into
(1) Fiber reinforced MMCs
(2) particle reinforced MMCs
(3) multilayered laminate
The fiber composites can be further classified as
continuous and discontinuous fiber reinforced .

11.  Metal matrix composites are used for
1.satellites
2.missiles
3.helicopters
4.jet engine fan blades.
5.aerospace.
6.Themal management.

13.  A Ceramic Matrix Composite (CMC) is a ceramic
matrix coupled with embedded ceramic fibers.
This unique association of materials
revolutionized the aerospace industry, making
parts more resistant to extreme conditions and
lighter compared to the previous technologies

14.  They are light in weight and offer
resistance to high temperature and
corrosive environment
 Due to high cost their use is limited
to special applications such as heat
exchanger tubes and thermal
protective system
 It is used for making teacups and
mugs and asbestos roofing sheets

15. Ceramic matrix composites are used in
 Heat exchangers.
 Turbine blades.
 Stator vanes.
 High-performance braking systems.
 Immersion burner tubes.
 Bulletproof armor
 Heating elements.
 Gas-fired burner parts.

17. Advantages of Composites
 1. A higher performance for a given weight leads
to fuel savings. Excellent strength-toweight and
stiffness-to-weight ratios can be achieved by
composite materials. This is usually expressed as
strength divided by density and stiffness
(modulus) divided by density. These are so-called
"specific" strength and "specific" modulus
characteristics.
 2. Laminate patterns and ply buildup in a part can
be tailored to give the required mechanical
properties in various directions
 3. It is easier to achieve smooth aerodynamic
profiles for drag reduction. Complex double-
curvature parts with a smooth surface finish can
be made in one manufacturing operation.
 4. Part count is reduced.

18.  5. Production cost is reduced.
Composites may be made by a wide
range of processes.
 6. Composites offer excellent
resistance to corrosion, chemical
attack, and chemicals are damaging
to composites and new types of
paint and stripper are being
developed to deal with this. Some
thermoplastics are not very resistant
to some solvents. Check the data
sheets for each type

19. Disadvantages of Composites
 1. Composites are more brittle than
wrought metals and thus are more easily
damaged. Cast metals also tend to be
brittle.
 2. Repair introduces new problems, for the
following reasons: Materials require
refrigerated transport and storage and
have limited shelf lives. . Hot curing is
necessary in many cases, requiring special
equipment. Curing either hot or cold takes
time. The job is not finished when the last
rivet has been installed.
 3. If rivets have been used and must be
removed, this presents problems of
removal without causing further damage.

20.  4. Repair at the original cure
temperature requires tooling and
pressure.
 5. Composites must be thoroughly
cleaned of all contamination before
repair.
 6. Composites must be dried before
repair because all resin matrices and
some fibers absorb moisture.

21.  CONCLUSION AND FUTURE SCOPE
There is a wide scope of composite
material in automotive, aerospace,
wind energy, electrical, sports,
domestic purpose, civil construction,
medical chemical industries etc.
Composite materials have a great
potentiality of application in
structures subjected primarily to
compressive loads.

23. THANK YOU