Test tube babies and Sexually transmitted Diseases
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Test tube babies are created when a male sperm and female egg are fused in vitro in a laboratory test tube, as some parents are unable to naturally fertilize an egg. Sexually transmitted diseases can result from unhealthy lifestyles and are discussed. Gonorrhea is caused by bacteria and affects the urogenital tract. Syphilis is caused by a spirochete bacteria and can damage reproductive organs, eyes, bones, joints, nerves, heart, and skin. Genital herpes is caused by a virus and transmitted sexually, causing genital sores and ulcers, and potentially damaging an infant's eyes or nervous system during birth. AIDS is transmitted sexually and damages immune cells, leaving the body vulnerable to infection
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Gonorrhea
is a sexually transmitted disease (STD) caused by a bacterium.
Gonorrhea can grow easily in the warm, moist areas of the reproductive
tract, including the cervix (opening to the womb), uterus (womb), and
fallopian tubes (egg canals) in women, and in the urethra (urine canal)
in women and men. The bacterium can also grow in the mouth, throat,
eyes, and anus.
People get gonorrhea by having sex with someone who has the disease.
“Having sex” means anal, vaginal, or oral sex. Gonorrhea can still be
transmitted via fluids even if a man does not ejaculate. Gonorrhea can
also be spread from an untreated mother to her baby during childbirth.
People who have had gonorrhea and have been treated may get infected
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gonorrhea.
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fallopian tubes (egg canals) in women, and in the urethra (urine canal)
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eyes, and anus.
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2. Investigations like fetal ultrasound, lab tests, ophthalmology/audiology assessments, imaging studies, and cultures can help identify infections like toxoplasmosis, rubella, CMV, HSV, syphilis and parvovirus B19.
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This document discusses infertility in females and males. It defines different types of infertility and lists numerous potential causes including issues with sperm production/function, egg production/ovulation, fallopian tube blockages, endocrine disorders, infections, genetic defects, obesity, stress, environmental toxins, and lifestyle factors. It also outlines tests and diagnostics used to evaluate infertility as well as various medical and surgical treatment options like fertility drugs, artificial insemination, in vitro fertilization, and adoption. Potential complications of treatment are mentioned.
4[1].4 FORM 5
This document discusses the contribution of science and technology to human reproduction. It explains various natural, mechanical, chemical and surgical methods of family planning used to prevent pregnancy or treat infertility. These include the rhythm method, IUDs, diaphragms, condoms, birth control pills, spermicides, vasectomies, tubal ligations, sperm banks, artificial insemination, in vitro fertilization, and surrogate mothers. The document also discusses some moral issues with certain methods and explains sexually transmitted diseases like syphilis, gonorrhea, and AIDS.
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This document provides information about sexually transmitted infections (STIs), including their etiology, epidemiology, pathophysiology, and presentations. It discusses the most common STIs such as HIV, gonorrhea, chlamydia, HPV, syphilis, herpes, and trichomoniasis. STIs are transmitted through sexual contact and can cause infections in the genital area, cervix, urethra, and anus. Physical exams for STIs depend on the suspected infection and may involve inspection for lesions, discharge, or inflammation of affected areas. Providers must understand the various presentations of STIs to properly diagnose, treat, and counsel patients.
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This document provides information about sexually transmitted infections (STIs). It defines STIs as infectious diseases spread through sexual contact. It describes the common sites of infection in the genital tract and discusses some of the most common STIs, including chlamydia, gonorrhea, HIV, HPV, herpes, trichomoniasis, and syphilis. For each STI, it covers etiology, pathogenesis, signs and symptoms, diagnostic testing, treatment recommendations, and nursing considerations. It also identifies risk factors for STIs and discusses the importance of health education, screening, and prevention strategies.
06 infectious disease gram negative
Neisserial infections
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Pseudomonas infections
Plague
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1. Sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) are caused by bacteria, viruses, parasites or fungi transmitted through sexual contact. Common STDs include chlamydia, gonorrhea, HIV/AIDS, herpes and syphilis.
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The document discusses reproductive health topics including medical termination of pregnancy, sexually transmitted diseases, and infertility. It provides details on various methods of abortion and sexually transmitted diseases like their symptoms, causes, and treatments. For infertility, it describes causes in males like low sperm count and in females like issues with ovulation. It also explains assisted reproductive technologies used to treat infertility such as IVF, ZIFT, GIFT, and ICSI. These techniques help infertile couples have children but are expensive and not available to all.
Reproductive health- XII
Reproductive health involves total well-being related to reproduction, including physical, emotional, behavioral, and social aspects. Family planning programs aim to provide education and support for building a healthy society by creating awareness of reproduction and offering contraceptive options. Contraceptive methods include natural strategies, barriers, IUDs, oral contraceptives, implants, and surgical procedures. Infertility, sexually transmitted diseases, and assisted reproductive technologies are also discussed.
Sexually transmitted disease
This document defines sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) and provides information about common STDs, including symptoms, transmission, and treatment. It states that STDs are infections transmitted through sexual contact that are caused by bacteria, viruses, parasites, and fungi. The document then lists and describes several major STDs, their symptoms and effects, and recommended treatments. It also discusses factors that affect STD rates and outlines India's national STD control program and strategies.
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Mesoderm and notochord formation
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Mesoderm and notochord formation
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Chick embryo development
The document summarizes key stages in chick embryo development:
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3) After fertilization, rapid cell division (cleavage) occurs, forming a disc of cells (blastoderm) on the yolk's surface that will develop into the embryo.
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Neurulation in Chick Development
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2. Cytoplasm contains determinants that are responsible for cell differentiation and are present in blastomeres. Different colored cytoplasm in Ascidian eggs gives rise to different cell types.
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This document discusses cell structure and function. It describes how cells can be fractionated using centrifugation to separate out organelles. The plasma membrane is discussed as the outer boundary of cells, with its fluid mosaic model composed of lipids and embedded proteins. The plasma membrane functions to transport materials, protect internal components, and facilitate both active and passive transport through semi-permeability. Endocytosis is mentioned as a process where the plasma membrane folds inward to engulf molecules through phagocytosis of solids or pinocytosis of liquids.
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Peroxisomes, glyoxysomes, vacuole, cytoskeleton,
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Ribosomes, golgi apparatus, lysosomes
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Female Reproductive Cycle
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Test tube babies and Sexually transmitted Diseases
- 2. •TESTTUBEBABIES: Parents unable to produce sexually can due to difficulty in fertilizing egg by sperm use the technique of Test Tube baby. MECHANISM: The male sperm and egg from female are taken in a test tube and are fused in-vitro (laboratory) a test tube and then zygote is placed back into female body for the development of fetus and then baby is delivered normally.
- 3. •Sexually Transmitted diseases: • Unhealthy or unhygienic lifestyle could lead to sexually transmitted diseases. • These are discussed as below: •1) GONORHEA: •It is caused by Neisseria gonorrhea (bacteria). • Effects mucous membrane of Urogenital tract. • New born may acquire eye diseases if pass through infected birth canal. • Transmission: Spreads due to sexual contact.
- 4. •2. SYPHYLIS: •Spread through spirochete bacteria Treponema pallidum. •DAMAGE: •It damages reproductive organs, eyes, bones, joints, central nervous system, heart and skin. •Transmission: •Sexual contact with the patient
- 5. •GENETAL HERPES: • It is caused by Herpes Simplex Type 2 virus •TRANSMISSION: • It is transmitted through sexual contact with the patient carrying the disease. • DAMAGE: •It cause Genital soreness and ulcer in infected areas. •In pregnant women the virus could be transmitted to the infant during birth causing damage to eyes and Central Nervous System. Type 1 virus cause disease of skin
- 6. •AIDS (Acquired Immune deficiency Syndrome) • TRANSMISSION: Through sexual contact. •DAMAGE: HIV kills immune system cells that help the body fight infections and diseases. • Advanced HIV infection can damage nerves (neuropathy).
- 7. •Control to avoid sexually transmitted diseases: 1.Avoid sexual contact with the patient of AIDS. 2.Adopt hygienic lifestyle 3.Take medication