The aim of this project is to create a personalized heart monitoring system using smart phones and electrodes and mobile application which is capable of monitoring the health of high risk cardiac patients. The smart phone application analyses in real-time sensor and environmental data and can automatically alert the doctors and pre-assigned caregivers when a heart patient is in danger. It also transmits sensor data to a given healthcare centre for remote monitoring by a nurse or cardiologist. The project aims to have a better system that is always with patient to monitor clearly and make the record of abnormalities obtained. If we are in dangerous or unconscious condition, it alerts the user or alerts doctor or relative by making a call to family doctor or some relative. The system can be personalized and rehabilitation programs can monitor the progress of a patient. These rehabilitation programs can be used to give advice or to reassure the patient.

1. TELEMEDICINE SYSTEM FOR
CARDIAC PATIENTS
Parth Chauhan(201303100710004)
Jay Kansara (201303100710043)
Sharad Karwa (201303100710055)
Karan Joshi (201303100720013)
CGPIT/EC/02
Guided By:
Prof.Nilay Desai
Prof.Chintan Desai

2. OUTLINE
• MOTIVATION
• OBJECTIVE
• INTRODUCTION
• TELEMEDICINE SYSTEM
• BLOCK DIAGRAM
• CIRCUIT DESIGN
• CIRCUIT DIAGRAM
• APPLICATION
• WORK DISTRIBUTION
• WORK DONE
• CONCLUSION
• REFERENCES
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3. MOTIVATION
3

4. OBJECTIVE
• To create a personalized device that is capable to receive bio-
medical signal from the body and is capable to transmit it to the
mobile phone.
• To create an android application which can receive the
bio-medical signal transmitted by the device.
• To analyze the ECG signal in the mobile and recognize
the various cardiac diseases from the ECG developed in the
mobile application.
• To monitor the heart rate and alert the doctors or relative when
the person is in critical condition.
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5. INTRODUCTION
• The aim of this project is to create a personalized heart monitoring
system using smart phones and electrodes and mobile application
which is capable of monitoring the health of high risk cardiac
patients.
• The smart phone application analyses in real-time sensor and
environmental data and can automatically alert the doctors and
pre-assigned caregivers when a heart patient is in danger.
• The project aims to have a better system that is always with
patient to monitor clearly and make the record of abnormalities
obtained.
5

6. HEART
• It is a specialized muscle that contracts regularly and
continuously, pumping blood to the body and the lungs, caused
by a flow of electricity through the heart that repeats itself in a
cycle.
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7. CARDIAC DISEASE
• Cardiac disease (CD) is the heart conditions that include
diseased vessels, structural problems and blood clots.
• Cardiac disease (CD) includes all the diseases of the heart and
circulation including coronary heart disease, angina, heart
attack, congenital heart disease and stroke.
• Also called as Heart Disease.
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8. TYPES & CAUSES OF CVD
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9. ECG
• It is the process of recording the electrical activity of the heart
over a period of time using electrodes placed on the skin.
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10. GENERATION OF ECG SIGNAL
SA node
AV node
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11. GENERATION OF ECG SIGNAL
• The SA node fires. Electrical activity is propagated through the atrial muscle ,
causing slow–moving de-polarization (contraction) of the atria. This results
in the P wave in the ECG.
• The excitation wave faces a propagation delay at the AV node, which results
in a normally iso-electric segment after the P wave in ECG, known as the PQ
segment.
• The wave of stimulus spread from the apex of the heart upwards, causing
rapid depolarization (contraction) of the ventricles. This results in the QRS
wave of the ECG signal.
• Ventricles muscle cells possess a relatively long action potential which causes
normally iso-electric segment after the QRS, known as the ST segment.
• Re-polarization (relaxation) of the ventricles causes the slow T wave.
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12. ECG ANALYSIS
• ECG analysis parameters are mainly depend upon the
amplitude or duration of the different parts of ECG wave.
Amplitude:
P-wave — 0.25 mV
R-wave — 1.60 mV
T-wave — 0.1 to 0.5mV
Q-wave — 25% R wave
PR segment QRS complex ST segment QT segment
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13. ECG ANALYSIS
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14. ECG ANALYSIS
• QRS complex indicates problems in the ventricles or ventricular
conduction.
• Sinus Bradycardia: Lacking heart rate above 60bpm.
• Sinus Tachycardia: Excessive heart rate above 60bpm.
• Atrial Flutter: Multiple atrial contraction for every ventricular
contraction(Multiples P waves for every QRS-T complex).
• Ventricular Flutter: Pumping of blood becomes extremely
inefficient(No visible P wave and QRS &T wave merged inn
regular waves).
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15. TELEMEDICINE SYSTEM
• Telemedicine is the use of telecommunication and
information technology to provide clinical health care from a
distance.
• It helps eliminate distance barriers and can improve access to
medical services that would often not be consistently available
in distant rural communities.
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16. TELEMEDICINE SYSTEM CONCEPT
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17. FEATURES
Important features of this system are the following:
• The capability to receive bio-medical signal from the body and
transmit it to the smartphone.
• The analysis of the sensor data on the local device.
• The possibility to call for external help and locate the patient in
case of an emergency.
• High level of personalization.
• Keeps a record of the data for further analysis by the healthcare
centre.
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18. BLOCK DIAGRAM
ECG
Sensors
IA
ECG
Filtering
Reception
TransmissionADC
QRS
Detector
Heart-Rate
Calculation
Abnormalities
Detection
Display/
Alarm
Hardware Circuit
Software Application
T e l e m e d i c i n e S y s t e m
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19. CIRCUIT DESIGN
• The interface between the body as the signal source and the
monitoring system that collects signals from the body, is called
an electrode.
• Because the main role of an ECG electrode is to change the
voltage from its ionic form in the body to its electron form in
the wires.
19

20. CIRCUIT DESIGN
• Cardiac signals from the heart are extremely weak (in the
range of 0.025-4mV with frequencies between 0.05 and 100
Hz) and are often very noisy, since it is hard to get a good
contact between an electrode and the skin.
• For that reason, an ECG amplifier circuit is needed to amplify
the signal and filters to reduce the present noise.
Electrodes IA ADCFilters
20

21. CIRCUIT DESIGN
• There are two methods of transmission of a digital data to a
mobile: Wired and Wireless.
• Wireless transmission has less immunity to noise compared to
that of Wired transmission.
• Wired transmission provides more security to signal
compared to Wireless transmission.
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22. CIRCUIT DIAGRAM
22

23. CIRCUIT DIAGRAM
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• IA receives the ECG detected by electrodes and uses a resistor to set its gain to a
appropriate value.
• The amplified signal goes through RC-HPF to block unwanted high amplitude dc
component of the signal.
• The signal is buffered then passed by a notch filter to remove mains interference noise.
• To limit signals bandwidth and avoid errors due to aliasing, signal is processed by 2nd
order active lpf.
• This active LPF further is assembled around one more (B) of LM234’s four Op Amps.
As long as the microcontroller’s analog-to-digital converter (ADC) input signal spans
from zero to 3.3 V, a final analog signal processing task consisting in shifting the signal
so that it fits suitably to the ADC`s input voltage range is needed. This is carried out by
the third (C) Op Amp from LM324, which is arranged as a summing circuit. The
appropriate offset voltage level is adjusted using the 500 kΩ trimpot.

24. APPLICATION
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25. WORK DISTRIBUTION
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Telemedicine
System
Semester 7
Introduction
Heart
ECG Signal
ECG Analysis
Circuit
Implementation
Signal Detection
Signal Processing
Semester 8
Circuit
Implementation
Signal
Transmission
Smartphone
Application
Signal Reception
Signal Analysis
Signal Display

26. Telemedicine
System
Semester 7
Introduction
Heart
ECG Signal
ECG Analysis
Circuit
Implementation
Signal Detection
Signal Processing
Semester 8
Circuit
Implementation
Signal Transmission
Smartphone
Application
Signal Reception
Signal Analysis
Signal Display
WORK DONE
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27. CONCLUSION
For an anywhere and anytime monitoring system, we have considered
mobile phones as the core of this kind of monitoring system along with
the detector that detects the pulse from the body to generate the ECG,
which allow us to improve the quality of life for those who suffer from
cardiac disorders.
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28. REFERENCES
1) Ramesh Gamasu, “ Literature based Survey on ECG Based Integrated Mobile Tele- medicine
System for Emergency Health Disorders” International Journal of Energy, Information and
Communications ,Vol.5, Issue 2 (2014).
2) Peter Leijdekkers & Valérie Gay, " Personal Heart Monitoring and Rehabilitation System using
Smart Phones ", Mobile Business, 2006. ICMB '06. International Conference on 26-27 June 2006
3) Patrique Fiedler, Jens Haueisen, Dunja Jannek, Stefan Griebel, Lena Zentner, Filipe Vaz and
Carlos Fonseca , “Comparison of three types of dry electrodes for electroencephalography” ,
ACTA IMEKO, September 2014, Volume 3.
4) Article “How the Heart functions”(2016,August 31) retrieved from http://www.sads.org.uk/heart-
functions.
5) Article “how the human body generates electricity” (2016,August 31) retrieved from
http://www.todayifoundout.com/index.php/2013/07/how-the-human-body-generates-electricity
6) Article “How is ECG generated”(2016,August 31) retrieved from
http://iitr.vlab.co.in/?sub=49&brch=267&sim=1305&cnt=1
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29. THANKYOU
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