The document discusses various topics in biomedical technologies including physical enhancements, health care technology, ergonomics, genetic engineering, and five specific examples. It provides practice questions matching examples to the different technology areas and gives additional examples for each area in full sentences. Key terms defined include prosthesis, immunization, stem cells, Graft versus Host disease, home health aide, biomedical equipment technician, dental hygienist, biotechnology researcher, surgeon, organ failure, organ transplant, organ donor, and the problem of organ rejection.

1. Biomedical Technologies

2. Essential Question: How can we use technology to take care of people?

3. Five Uses of Technology in Health 1. Physical enhancementsare replacement body parts.

4. Five Uses of Technology in Health 2. Human Technology Resources include new information and materials that change the medical field.

5. Five Uses of Technology in Health 3. Health Care Technology involves preventing, diagnosing, and treating illness.

6. Five Uses of Technology in Health 4. Ergonomics means designing equipment that is comfortable for people.

7. Five Uses of Technology in Health 5. Genetic engineering means changing the genetic materials (genes) that make up living organisms.

8. Practicing with the 5 Biomedical Areas 1. Cloning is an example of _______________ because _____________________________.

9. Practicing with the 5 Biomedical Areas 2. X-rays are an example of _______________ because _____________________________.

10. Practicing with the 5 Biomedical Areas 3. Designing a more comfortable keyboard is an example of _______________ because _____________________________.

11. Practicing with the 5 Biomedical Areas 4. An artificial eye implant is an example of _______________ because _____________________________.

12. Practicing with the 5 Biomedical Areas 5. A new material used to make artificial skin is an example of _______________ because _____________________________.

13. 6-10. Give one new example of each area of biomedical technology. Please use full sentences! i.e. “One example of a human technology resource is a new plastic that the body won’t reject.”

14. As humans began interacting more with machines, it became apparent that machine design must account for human interaction. This awareness led to a strong focus on human factors in the design of airplane cockpits. Aerospace engineers discovered that if important switches were in the right place, they would be easier to find or less likely to be accidentally bumped (important when you’re racing across the sky at 500 miles per hour!).

15. Human factors engineering Process of designing for people Human factors engineering was used to create a new cell phone.

16. My friend from college is going to get a Ph.D. in Biomedical Engineering (BME) at Duke University. Studying biomedical engineering will teach him to design devices like computers to analyze blood, laser systems for eye surgery, and artificial organs. He is excited about being able to save lives with technology as a biomedical engineer.

17. the use of engineering principles and design procedures to solve medical problems Biomechanical engineering The engineer designed a prosthesis using biomedical engineering.

18. When Sarah crashed into another car at 80 mph, causing her to lose her left leg, the doctors replaced it with a prosthesis. Sarah’s prosthesis was almost as good as new, allowing her to walk where and whenever she wanted. She could even ice-skate on her new prosthesis!

19. People-made device used to replace human body parts prosthesis I need a prosthesis that can pick things up.

20. An outbreak of the measles killed several people in Iowa in 2004. Likely, the traveler who brought the measles back from Iowa had forgotten to get immunized. Or perhaps the immunization hadn’t worked. Either way, the traveler was not immunized against the illness, and so brought the measles back to Iowa.

21. An action that protects a body against disease Immunization Have you been immunized for Hepatitis B?

22. Stem Cells Stem cells have the potential to become another type of cell, such as a blood cell or a skin cell. As explained by the International Society for Stem Cell Research, they "are like a blank microchip that can ultimately be programmed to perform particular tasks.“ Potentially, stem cells could be programmed to become tissue or organs to replace damaged tissue and organs. Scientists believe stem cells could one day be used to treat numerous diseases and conditions, including Parkinson's disease, diabetes and arthritis.

23. One of the human body's master cells, with the ability to grow into any one of the body's more than 200 cell types STEM CELLS The cancer patient will receive a stem cell transplant.

24. Graft versus Host disease The problem is, when you get stem cells from another person, your body can develop Graft versus Host disease (GVHD).

25. Graft versus Host disease (GVHD) Graft versus Host disease is when the T-cells of the transplanted immune system attack the cells of the host’s body.

26. The home health aide poured milk into the cereal of the arthritic old man because he could not do it himself. When he was done eating, the home health aidemade sure he took his daily medications. As he went to brush his teeth, the home health aide helped him by putting the toothpaste on his toothbrush, as his arthritic hands experienced pain when he attempted to squeeze the toothpaste tube.

27. helps people who can’t manage everyday activities by themselves Home health aide The home health aide took care of the old man.

28. The biomedical equipment technician fixed the malfunctioning EKG machine. The doctors and nurses gathered around cheering as now they could scan waiting patients. The biomedical equipment technician glowed with pride as he went on to his next job, finding a new part for a broken machine in the ICU. The biomedical equipment technician felt he had a lot of responsibility, caring for the machines that saved people’s lives.

29. Installs and maintains equipment that is routinely used in hospitals Biomedical equipment technician Can you call the biomedical equipment technician to fix this vital signs monitor?

30. “Take a seat!” the dental hygienist said. I lay back in the chair as she gathered her probes to examine my teeth. “Is that a cavity?” she questioned. “We’ll have to let the dentist look at it. But first, let’s get your teeth cleaned! Do you want bubblegum or peppermint?” I chose the peppermint teeth-cleaning solution, and the dental hygienist loaded the material onto a metal tool and started scrubbing my teeth with it.

31. health care professionals who examine a person’s teeth and gums and perform routine cleaning Dental hygienist Call the dental hygienist to clean this boy’s teeth, please.

32. The biotechnology researcher was working on a new line of stem cells called pluripotent cells (MAP-Cs). These could be taken from the patient himself to replace sick cells. The biotechnology researcher was confident that his research would prove the effectiveness of the new line of research, eventually saving a number of lives.

33. changes or uses living things to come up with new and better things Biotechnology researcher Do you think a biotechnology researcher will ever come up with a cure for cancer?

34. The surgeon practiced operating many times on corpses before she ever entered the OR to operate on a live patient. By then, the surgeon had practiced performing the surgery so many times that the procedure was automatic, like dribbling a basketball. The surgeon inserted the jig and shaped the knee joint with a bone saw as though she’d been born doing it.

35. fixes people in the operating room surgeon The surgeon performed a routine surgery on the patient’s hip.

36. Organ Failure Patients may have kidney failure, heart disease, lung disease, or cirrhosis of the liver.

37. Transplanting Organs Patients can be effectively treated with an organ transplant.

38. Organ donor This means that when you die, you want your organs to be donated to other people who need them.

39. The Major Problem The body may reject the organ or tissue (destroy it cell by cell).

40. What happens: Your immune systemcomprises all the elements in your body that keep bacteria, microbes, viruses, toxins and parasites from destroying your organs and tissues. Your immune system sees the organ as foreign (not belonging to your body) and attacks it.

41. A solution Stem cells (cells that can turn into any type of cell) from the patient himself could be used to grow new organs. Would your body reject a new organ if it was made up of your body’s own cells?