This presentation covers different artificial organs and techniques used to develop stem cell-based organs

1.  
Presented by
K Ajith
B pharmacy 4th yr
256513881040
St Pauls College of pharmacy
Guided by
Kiran Kumar Sir
Asst Professor
Dept of Pharmaceutics
St Pauls College of Pharmcy

2.  Introduction
 Different parts of body
 Why to use artificial
organs?
 Statistics About organ
loss?
 Artificial Heart
 Artificial Lungs
 Artificial Kidneys
 Artificial Tongue
 What are the Advantages
and Disadvantages of
Artificial Organs
 Health Risks
 References

3. “An artificial organ is a man-made device that is
implanted or integrated into a human to replace a natural organ,
for the purpose of restoring a specific function or a group of related
functions so the patient may return to a normal life as soon as
possible.”
 Usually made out of stem cells from the patient.
 Human made device designed to replace, duplicate or augment,
functionally or cosmetically a missing, diseased or otherwise
incompetent part of the body, either temporarily or permanently
and which requires a non-biologic material interface with the
living tissue.

4.  1885 M. von Frey and M. Gruber (Leipzig) build and use the first
artificial heart-lung apparatus for organ perfusion studies.
 1925 G. Haas (Germany) performs first clinical hemodialysis of 5
patients, using a modification of the Hopkins artificial kidney.
 1939 W. Thalheimer (New York) performs the first hemodialysis
of a dog using cellophane membrane and heparin anticoagulation.
 1943 W. Kolff (Kampen, The Netherlands) develops a rotating
drum artificial kidney and later the Kolff-Brigham dialyzer
(designed and constructed in Boston), which becomes the standard
throughout the 1950s.
 And all the development leads to the 21st century inventions of
modern artificial organs used in the body.

6.  There are many reasons to use of artificial organs
o They are used for the replacement of vital functions of organs in
body
o They can be used as different models of organs, which can be
used for research
o More over every strive of a scientist is to increase the
compliance of the humans and for their welfare
o By use of artificial organs people can live their normal life
o Many people lose their organs or damage them due to different
reasons
• Diseases, Accidents, lack of proper health care, infections etc

7.  1. Artificial organs can replace diseased or damaged organs,
thereby, providing the ailing patient with an opportunity to lead
a healthy and normal life.
 2. Artificial organs can meet the huge demand of healthy donor
organs. There is a huge list of patients who are in urgent need of
healthy organs but are unable to find a suitable willing donor.
 3. A major stumbling block in the form of organ rejection can be
solved due to artificial organs. As artificial organs are created by
taking the stem cells of the same person and of the same organ,
the possibility of rejection has been reduced significantly.
 4.With the help of regenerative medicine or artificial organ
therapy, burn victims can even have a new skin.

8.  A major concern is the possible presence of the disease in the
base tissue which is used to create the organ.
 The entire cost of growing and transplanting an artificial organ
is prohibitive, and thus, limit the scope of its application to the
general public.
 There are high chances of organ failure, and the body may
even take some time to adapt to the new organ

10. (I)Bone/Joint Replacements
• hip
• knee
(II)Skin/Soft Tissue Replacements
• skin
• muscle
(III) Internal Organs
• Heart, Kidney
• Liver, Pancreas
(IV) Sensory Organs Eg: Eye, Ear, Tongue