This document outlines a proposed multi-phase program to address e-waste issues in Agbogbloshie, Ghana. The program aims to:
1) Conduct a community needs assessment and establish educational programs on e-waste hazards.
2) Implement recycling programs including a cryogenic grinding facility and phytoextraction to remove toxins from soil and water.
3) Engage in policy advocacy work to reduce e-waste imports and protect vulnerable groups like children and pregnant women.
4) Conduct evaluations and disseminate findings to stakeholders in Ghana and other affected countries.
Elizabeth Bryan
POLICY SEMINAR
Bigger Change Faster: Integrated Development, Health, and Environment Actions for a Sustainable Future
Co-Organized by IFPRI, The Nature Conservancy, PATH, and Duke University
OCT 23, 2019 - 12:15 PM TO 01:45 PM EDT
Engineering A Global Movement In Social Responsibility Ver3Jeffrey Mills
An interactive session with a high school students (10-12th graders) discussing the challenges of providing clean potable water and sanitation services to the world’s growing population. Delivered in April 2010 at 36th annual NSBE National Convention in Toronto, CA.
Re-Imagining Collaboration: How One City is Transforming Trash into TreasureSustainable Brands
When the city of Phoenix published a strategic plan for building regional collaboration to not only improve waste diversion but to "transform trash into treasure", Assistant Public Works Director John Trujillo tapped the expertise of the Sustainability Solutions Services at Arizona State University. Trujillo recognized the convening power of the university as a trusted partner to corporations and communities in solving sustainability challenges. Now this city-university team is collaborating with corporate partners like Salt River Project and Mayo Clinic to transform recyclables into bio-fuels and manufacturing materials for new products.
Elizabeth Bryan
POLICY SEMINAR
Bigger Change Faster: Integrated Development, Health, and Environment Actions for a Sustainable Future
Co-Organized by IFPRI, The Nature Conservancy, PATH, and Duke University
OCT 23, 2019 - 12:15 PM TO 01:45 PM EDT
Engineering A Global Movement In Social Responsibility Ver3Jeffrey Mills
An interactive session with a high school students (10-12th graders) discussing the challenges of providing clean potable water and sanitation services to the world’s growing population. Delivered in April 2010 at 36th annual NSBE National Convention in Toronto, CA.
Re-Imagining Collaboration: How One City is Transforming Trash into TreasureSustainable Brands
When the city of Phoenix published a strategic plan for building regional collaboration to not only improve waste diversion but to "transform trash into treasure", Assistant Public Works Director John Trujillo tapped the expertise of the Sustainability Solutions Services at Arizona State University. Trujillo recognized the convening power of the university as a trusted partner to corporations and communities in solving sustainability challenges. Now this city-university team is collaborating with corporate partners like Salt River Project and Mayo Clinic to transform recyclables into bio-fuels and manufacturing materials for new products.
Sustainable Village Water Systems Program (Jan 24th)osuglobalwater
This presentation provides a brief overview of how the sustainable village water systems program is impacting the everyday water issues that thousands of Tanzanians face every day.
Presentation by Claudia Ringler, Hartwig Kremer and Cheikh Mbow at the UNEA Science Policy Interface, May 19-20
Presentation focuses on the concept of the water, food and energy nexus and its importance within the development context. It also provides a number of cases highlighting nexus issues.
WWF report “La Generazione Cinese del Futuro - China’s Future GenerationWWF ITALIA
Il futuro della Cina può essere rinnovabile
Il report “La Generazione Cinese del Futuro – China’s Future Generation” è stato redatto dall’Energy Transition Research Institute (Entri) per il WWF e utilizza solidi modelli computerizzati che hanno simulato quattro diversi scenari basati sulla tecnologia attuale: scenario base, scenario ad alta efficienza, scenario ad alto tasso di rinnovabili, scenario misto a basso contenuto di carbonio. http://bit.ly/futurocina
Thurston Climate Action Team: Perception Survey on Clean Energy and ClimateNisqually River Council
The Thurston Climate Action Team conducted a public survey on opinions to clean energy development in Thurston County. Tom Crawford, TCAT Board Member, spoke about the results at the April NRC meeting.
S-Energy: A Sustainable, Symbiosis, Synergy-driven Ecosystem Approach for Cle...ESD UNU-IAS
S-Energy: A Sustainable, Symbiosis, Synergy-driven Ecosystem Approach for Clean Energy Access
Presented by:
Jean Paula Regulano
Kana Watando
Muhammad Prasetya Kuriawan
Tanmay Nag
2021 ProSPER.Net Leadership Programme
14-24 September, 2021
Building Agricultural Carbon Projects: Participatory Action Research in Kenya...EcoAgriculture Partners
Carbon projects with smallholder farmers in developing countries have begun to emerge to take advantage of carbon-finance to support the broader benefits of climate-smart agriculture (Goldstein and Gonzalez 2014; Deshmukh, Sosis, and Pinjuv 2014).
But problems remain with high costs of project development, risk management, and securing benefits for smallholder farmers (Shames, Buck, and Scherr 2011)
Strengthening local institutional capacity in 4 KEY AREAS could increase long-term development benefits, reduce project costs and help initiatives to scale up (Shames, et al 2013).
SAFE Webinar I: Overview of Terminology, Cross-cutting Issues, Challenges and...FAO
More than a third of the world's population relies on traditional fuels — wood, coal, animal dung, and agricultural waste — for their energy needs, including cooking their meals, heating their homes, and lighting their communities. The challenges they face in accessing clean energy are numerous, often dangerous and unsustainable, particularly during complex emergencies and protracted crises.
Safe and sustainable access to energy is being increasingly recognized as a human right — essential for the safety, well-being, and productivity of the people the humanitarian community serves. It is also essential for social and economic development, offering opportunities for improved lives and economic progress.
The series of webinars will present how Safe Access to Fuel and Energy (SAFE) and similar initiatives address this multi-sectoral issue by working to ensure access to fuel and energy for cooking, heating, lighting, and powering for crisis-affected populations. The events will also highlight the synergies and multi-stakeholder approach of these initiatives by inviting key partners to present their role and experience in addressing energy access in emergencies and protracted crises.
The first SAFE webinar will present key concepts and terms related to energy in emergencies and protracted crises, the multi-sectoral risks and challenges associated with the collection and use of traditional biomass fuels and how organizations are coordinating and working together to build resilience by responding to the energy needs of affected populations.
The webinar covers:
• The linkages between energy and food security, nutrition, environment, gender, women’s protection, health and livelihoods as well as other aspects;
• The research and pilot projects implemented through the Moving Energy Initiative led by Chatham House and DFID to help ensure safe and sustainable energy access for displaced populations;
• The inter-agency Safe Access to Fuel and Energy (SAFE) Humanitarian Working Group and the Set4Food project which bring various stakeholders together in order to raise awareness, establish knowledge-sharing platforms, address energy-related challenges and identify solutions in emergencies and protracted crises.
Sustainable Village Water Systems Program (Jan 24th)osuglobalwater
This presentation provides a brief overview of how the sustainable village water systems program is impacting the everyday water issues that thousands of Tanzanians face every day.
Presentation by Claudia Ringler, Hartwig Kremer and Cheikh Mbow at the UNEA Science Policy Interface, May 19-20
Presentation focuses on the concept of the water, food and energy nexus and its importance within the development context. It also provides a number of cases highlighting nexus issues.
WWF report “La Generazione Cinese del Futuro - China’s Future GenerationWWF ITALIA
Il futuro della Cina può essere rinnovabile
Il report “La Generazione Cinese del Futuro – China’s Future Generation” è stato redatto dall’Energy Transition Research Institute (Entri) per il WWF e utilizza solidi modelli computerizzati che hanno simulato quattro diversi scenari basati sulla tecnologia attuale: scenario base, scenario ad alta efficienza, scenario ad alto tasso di rinnovabili, scenario misto a basso contenuto di carbonio. http://bit.ly/futurocina
Thurston Climate Action Team: Perception Survey on Clean Energy and ClimateNisqually River Council
The Thurston Climate Action Team conducted a public survey on opinions to clean energy development in Thurston County. Tom Crawford, TCAT Board Member, spoke about the results at the April NRC meeting.
S-Energy: A Sustainable, Symbiosis, Synergy-driven Ecosystem Approach for Cle...ESD UNU-IAS
S-Energy: A Sustainable, Symbiosis, Synergy-driven Ecosystem Approach for Clean Energy Access
Presented by:
Jean Paula Regulano
Kana Watando
Muhammad Prasetya Kuriawan
Tanmay Nag
2021 ProSPER.Net Leadership Programme
14-24 September, 2021
Building Agricultural Carbon Projects: Participatory Action Research in Kenya...EcoAgriculture Partners
Carbon projects with smallholder farmers in developing countries have begun to emerge to take advantage of carbon-finance to support the broader benefits of climate-smart agriculture (Goldstein and Gonzalez 2014; Deshmukh, Sosis, and Pinjuv 2014).
But problems remain with high costs of project development, risk management, and securing benefits for smallholder farmers (Shames, Buck, and Scherr 2011)
Strengthening local institutional capacity in 4 KEY AREAS could increase long-term development benefits, reduce project costs and help initiatives to scale up (Shames, et al 2013).
SAFE Webinar I: Overview of Terminology, Cross-cutting Issues, Challenges and...FAO
More than a third of the world's population relies on traditional fuels — wood, coal, animal dung, and agricultural waste — for their energy needs, including cooking their meals, heating their homes, and lighting their communities. The challenges they face in accessing clean energy are numerous, often dangerous and unsustainable, particularly during complex emergencies and protracted crises.
Safe and sustainable access to energy is being increasingly recognized as a human right — essential for the safety, well-being, and productivity of the people the humanitarian community serves. It is also essential for social and economic development, offering opportunities for improved lives and economic progress.
The series of webinars will present how Safe Access to Fuel and Energy (SAFE) and similar initiatives address this multi-sectoral issue by working to ensure access to fuel and energy for cooking, heating, lighting, and powering for crisis-affected populations. The events will also highlight the synergies and multi-stakeholder approach of these initiatives by inviting key partners to present their role and experience in addressing energy access in emergencies and protracted crises.
The first SAFE webinar will present key concepts and terms related to energy in emergencies and protracted crises, the multi-sectoral risks and challenges associated with the collection and use of traditional biomass fuels and how organizations are coordinating and working together to build resilience by responding to the energy needs of affected populations.
The webinar covers:
• The linkages between energy and food security, nutrition, environment, gender, women’s protection, health and livelihoods as well as other aspects;
• The research and pilot projects implemented through the Moving Energy Initiative led by Chatham House and DFID to help ensure safe and sustainable energy access for displaced populations;
• The inter-agency Safe Access to Fuel and Energy (SAFE) Humanitarian Working Group and the Set4Food project which bring various stakeholders together in order to raise awareness, establish knowledge-sharing platforms, address energy-related challenges and identify solutions in emergencies and protracted crises.
FLL "trash trek" project presentation - Wasted Food to Plan Fuelmsaurabh0
This is a presentation created by the Daring Dolphins (FLL team # 4627) to present their project as part of the FLL 2015-16 competition. The project theme was "trash trek" and the team has come up with an innovative solution to enhance the accessibility and reach of composting.
Environment Awareness -
What is it?
Environmental Issues- Deforestation, Production of Plastic Goods, Global Warming.
Some of the main reasons responsible for widespread Environmental Ignorance.
How to promote Environmental Awareness?
This presentation is one that I have been giving regularly to academic groups, corporate executivs, and at conferences.
the basic message is that we need to change systems. That if we agree sustainability is a goal, we need to develop solutions to problems.
It has to be more than hurdle rates, and for scale to occur we must begin understanding the needs and motives of different countries, groups, corporations, and citizens.
Schoolyard Habitats: How to Guide - Part 7, Appendix
`
For more information, Please see websites below:
`
Organic Edible Schoolyards & Gardening with Children
http://scribd.com/doc/239851214
`
Double Food Production from your School Garden with Organic Tech
http://scribd.com/doc/239851079
`
Free School Gardening Art Posters
http://scribd.com/doc/239851159`
`
Companion Planting Increases Food Production from School Gardens
http://scribd.com/doc/239851159
`
Healthy Foods Dramatically Improves Student Academic Success
http://scribd.com/doc/239851348
`
City Chickens for your Organic School Garden
http://scribd.com/doc/239850440
`
Simple Square Foot Gardening for Schools - Teacher Guide
http://scribd.com/doc/239851110
Environmental education is a process that allows individuals to explore environmental issues, engage in problem solving, and take action to improve the environment. As a result, individuals develop a deeper understanding of environmental issues and have the skills to make informed and responsible decisions.
Changing Behavior What Does It Mean and How Do We Do It (2 of 3)Rotary International
Wells, toilets, water towers, and pipelines. Even the
well-designed elements of Rotary water, sanitation, and
hygiene (WASH) projects can fail if people don’t use
them. There are many reasons people might hesitate
to use a communal toilet. It’s important to understand
the reasons before you build the toilet. Learn about
behavior change and its role in WASH programs, how it’s
connected with culture and community values, and how
to incorporate it into your WASH projects and measure
the outcomes.
Moderator: F. Ronald Denham, Water and Sanitation
Rotarian Action Group Chair Emeritus, Rotary Club of
Toronto Eglinton, Ontario, Canada
Title: Sense of Smell
Presenter: Dr. Faiza, Assistant Professor of Physiology
Qualifications:
MBBS (Best Graduate, AIMC Lahore)
FCPS Physiology
ICMT, CHPE, DHPE (STMU)
MPH (GC University, Faisalabad)
MBA (Virtual University of Pakistan)
Learning Objectives:
Describe the primary categories of smells and the concept of odor blindness.
Explain the structure and location of the olfactory membrane and mucosa, including the types and roles of cells involved in olfaction.
Describe the pathway and mechanisms of olfactory signal transmission from the olfactory receptors to the brain.
Illustrate the biochemical cascade triggered by odorant binding to olfactory receptors, including the role of G-proteins and second messengers in generating an action potential.
Identify different types of olfactory disorders such as anosmia, hyposmia, hyperosmia, and dysosmia, including their potential causes.
Key Topics:
Olfactory Genes:
3% of the human genome accounts for olfactory genes.
400 genes for odorant receptors.
Olfactory Membrane:
Located in the superior part of the nasal cavity.
Medially: Folds downward along the superior septum.
Laterally: Folds over the superior turbinate and upper surface of the middle turbinate.
Total surface area: 5-10 square centimeters.
Olfactory Mucosa:
Olfactory Cells: Bipolar nerve cells derived from the CNS (100 million), with 4-25 olfactory cilia per cell.
Sustentacular Cells: Produce mucus and maintain ionic and molecular environment.
Basal Cells: Replace worn-out olfactory cells with an average lifespan of 1-2 months.
Bowman’s Gland: Secretes mucus.
Stimulation of Olfactory Cells:
Odorant dissolves in mucus and attaches to receptors on olfactory cilia.
Involves a cascade effect through G-proteins and second messengers, leading to depolarization and action potential generation in the olfactory nerve.
Quality of a Good Odorant:
Small (3-20 Carbon atoms), volatile, water-soluble, and lipid-soluble.
Facilitated by odorant-binding proteins in mucus.
Membrane Potential and Action Potential:
Resting membrane potential: -55mV.
Action potential frequency in the olfactory nerve increases with odorant strength.
Adaptation Towards the Sense of Smell:
Rapid adaptation within the first second, with further slow adaptation.
Psychological adaptation greater than receptor adaptation, involving feedback inhibition from the central nervous system.
Primary Sensations of Smell:
Camphoraceous, Musky, Floral, Pepperminty, Ethereal, Pungent, Putrid.
Odor Detection Threshold:
Examples: Hydrogen sulfide (0.0005 ppm), Methyl-mercaptan (0.002 ppm).
Some toxic substances are odorless at lethal concentrations.
Characteristics of Smell:
Odor blindness for single substances due to lack of appropriate receptor protein.
Behavioral and emotional influences of smell.
Transmission of Olfactory Signals:
From olfactory cells to glomeruli in the olfactory bulb, involving lateral inhibition.
Primitive, less old, and new olfactory systems with different path
Report Back from SGO 2024: What’s the Latest in Cervical Cancer?bkling
Are you curious about what’s new in cervical cancer research or unsure what the findings mean? Join Dr. Emily Ko, a gynecologic oncologist at Penn Medicine, to learn about the latest updates from the Society of Gynecologic Oncology (SGO) 2024 Annual Meeting on Women’s Cancer. Dr. Ko will discuss what the research presented at the conference means for you and answer your questions about the new developments.
Ozempic: Preoperative Management of Patients on GLP-1 Receptor Agonists Saeid Safari
Preoperative Management of Patients on GLP-1 Receptor Agonists like Ozempic and Semiglutide
ASA GUIDELINE
NYSORA Guideline
2 Case Reports of Gastric Ultrasound
TEST BANK for Operations Management, 14th Edition by William J. Stevenson, Ve...kevinkariuki227
TEST BANK for Operations Management, 14th Edition by William J. Stevenson, Verified Chapters 1 - 19, Complete Newest Version.pdf
TEST BANK for Operations Management, 14th Edition by William J. Stevenson, Verified Chapters 1 - 19, Complete Newest Version.pdf
ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN HEALTHCARE.pdfAnujkumaranit
Artificial intelligence (AI) refers to the simulation of human intelligence processes by machines, especially computer systems. It encompasses tasks such as learning, reasoning, problem-solving, perception, and language understanding. AI technologies are revolutionizing various fields, from healthcare to finance, by enabling machines to perform tasks that typically require human intelligence.
New Directions in Targeted Therapeutic Approaches for Older Adults With Mantl...i3 Health
i3 Health is pleased to make the speaker slides from this activity available for use as a non-accredited self-study or teaching resource.
This slide deck presented by Dr. Kami Maddocks, Professor-Clinical in the Division of Hematology and
Associate Division Director for Ambulatory Operations
The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, will provide insight into new directions in targeted therapeutic approaches for older adults with mantle cell lymphoma.
STATEMENT OF NEED
Mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) is a rare, aggressive B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) accounting for 5% to 7% of all lymphomas. Its prognosis ranges from indolent disease that does not require treatment for years to very aggressive disease, which is associated with poor survival (Silkenstedt et al, 2021). Typically, MCL is diagnosed at advanced stage and in older patients who cannot tolerate intensive therapy (NCCN, 2022). Although recent advances have slightly increased remission rates, recurrence and relapse remain very common, leading to a median overall survival between 3 and 6 years (LLS, 2021). Though there are several effective options, progress is still needed towards establishing an accepted frontline approach for MCL (Castellino et al, 2022). Treatment selection and management of MCL are complicated by the heterogeneity of prognosis, advanced age and comorbidities of patients, and lack of an established standard approach for treatment, making it vital that clinicians be familiar with the latest research and advances in this area. In this activity chaired by Michael Wang, MD, Professor in the Department of Lymphoma & Myeloma at MD Anderson Cancer Center, expert faculty will discuss prognostic factors informing treatment, the promising results of recent trials in new therapeutic approaches, and the implications of treatment resistance in therapeutic selection for MCL.
Target Audience
Hematology/oncology fellows, attending faculty, and other health care professionals involved in the treatment of patients with mantle cell lymphoma (MCL).
Learning Objectives
1.) Identify clinical and biological prognostic factors that can guide treatment decision making for older adults with MCL
2.) Evaluate emerging data on targeted therapeutic approaches for treatment-naive and relapsed/refractory MCL and their applicability to older adults
3.) Assess mechanisms of resistance to targeted therapies for MCL and their implications for treatment selection
Anti ulcer drugs and their Advance pharmacology ||
Anti-ulcer drugs are medications used to prevent and treat ulcers in the stomach and upper part of the small intestine (duodenal ulcers). These ulcers are often caused by an imbalance between stomach acid and the mucosal lining, which protects the stomach lining.
||Scope: Overview of various classes of anti-ulcer drugs, their mechanisms of action, indications, side effects, and clinical considerations.
- Video recording of this lecture in English language: https://youtu.be/lK81BzxMqdo
- Video recording of this lecture in Arabic language: https://youtu.be/Ve4P0COk9OI
- Link to download the book free: https://nephrotube.blogspot.com/p/nephrotube-nephrology-books.html
- Link to NephroTube website: www.NephroTube.com
- Link to NephroTube social media accounts: https://nephrotube.blogspot.com/p/join-nephrotube-on-social-media.html
MANAGEMENT OF ATRIOVENTRICULAR CONDUCTION BLOCK.pdfJim Jacob Roy
Cardiac conduction defects can occur due to various causes.
Atrioventricular conduction blocks ( AV blocks ) are classified into 3 types.
This document describes the acute management of AV block.
These lecture slides, by Dr Sidra Arshad, offer a quick overview of physiological basis of a normal electrocardiogram.
Learning objectives:
1. Define an electrocardiogram (ECG) and electrocardiography
2. Describe how dipoles generated by the heart produce the waveforms of the ECG
3. Describe the components of a normal electrocardiogram of a typical bipolar leads (limb II)
4. Differentiate between intervals and segments
5. Enlist some common indications for obtaining an ECG
Study Resources:
1. Chapter 11, Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology, 14th edition
2. Chapter 9, Human Physiology - From Cells to Systems, Lauralee Sherwood, 9th edition
3. Chapter 29, Ganong’s Review of Medical Physiology, 26th edition
4. Electrocardiogram, StatPearls - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK549803/
5. ECG in Medical Practice by ABM Abdullah, 4th edition
6. ECG Basics, http://www.nataliescasebook.com/tag/e-c-g-basics
Title: Sense of Taste
Presenter: Dr. Faiza, Assistant Professor of Physiology
Qualifications:
MBBS (Best Graduate, AIMC Lahore)
FCPS Physiology
ICMT, CHPE, DHPE (STMU)
MPH (GC University, Faisalabad)
MBA (Virtual University of Pakistan)
Learning Objectives:
Describe the structure and function of taste buds.
Describe the relationship between the taste threshold and taste index of common substances.
Explain the chemical basis and signal transduction of taste perception for each type of primary taste sensation.
Recognize different abnormalities of taste perception and their causes.
Key Topics:
Significance of Taste Sensation:
Differentiation between pleasant and harmful food
Influence on behavior
Selection of food based on metabolic needs
Receptors of Taste:
Taste buds on the tongue
Influence of sense of smell, texture of food, and pain stimulation (e.g., by pepper)
Primary and Secondary Taste Sensations:
Primary taste sensations: Sweet, Sour, Salty, Bitter, Umami
Chemical basis and signal transduction mechanisms for each taste
Taste Threshold and Index:
Taste threshold values for Sweet (sucrose), Salty (NaCl), Sour (HCl), and Bitter (Quinine)
Taste index relationship: Inversely proportional to taste threshold
Taste Blindness:
Inability to taste certain substances, particularly thiourea compounds
Example: Phenylthiocarbamide
Structure and Function of Taste Buds:
Composition: Epithelial cells, Sustentacular/Supporting cells, Taste cells, Basal cells
Features: Taste pores, Taste hairs/microvilli, and Taste nerve fibers
Location of Taste Buds:
Found in papillae of the tongue (Fungiform, Circumvallate, Foliate)
Also present on the palate, tonsillar pillars, epiglottis, and proximal esophagus
Mechanism of Taste Stimulation:
Interaction of taste substances with receptors on microvilli
Signal transduction pathways for Umami, Sweet, Bitter, Sour, and Salty tastes
Taste Sensitivity and Adaptation:
Decrease in sensitivity with age
Rapid adaptation of taste sensation
Role of Saliva in Taste:
Dissolution of tastants to reach receptors
Washing away the stimulus
Taste Preferences and Aversions:
Mechanisms behind taste preference and aversion
Influence of receptors and neural pathways
Impact of Sensory Nerve Damage:
Degeneration of taste buds if the sensory nerve fiber is cut
Abnormalities of Taste Detection:
Conditions: Ageusia, Hypogeusia, Dysgeusia (parageusia)
Causes: Nerve damage, neurological disorders, infections, poor oral hygiene, adverse drug effects, deficiencies, aging, tobacco use, altered neurotransmitter levels
Neurotransmitters and Taste Threshold:
Effects of serotonin (5-HT) and norepinephrine (NE) on taste sensitivity
Supertasters:
25% of the population with heightened sensitivity to taste, especially bitterness
Increased number of fungiform papillae
Explore natural remedies for syphilis treatment in Singapore. Discover alternative therapies, herbal remedies, and lifestyle changes that may complement conventional treatments. Learn about holistic approaches to managing syphilis symptoms and supporting overall health.
2. This is Afram
Afram is an eight year old
boy who was burned
while playing near a fire left by
e-waste recyclers
We, at the Ghanaian Health
Advocacy Network of Accra,
want to work with this
community to help change
how e-waste is managed
within Agbogbloshie
3. Agbogbloshie Dump Site
One of the most widely known e-waste sites in the
world
Designated as a scrap metal site by top e-waste
producing countries across the world
Located in the capital city of Accra
6,000 men, women, and children live and work in the
landfill
4. Target Population
Pregnant Women
Premature birth of child
Cognitive and behavioral
impairments in the child
Congenital malformations in
the child
Children
Skip school to work in
dump sites collecting scrap
metal to sell at the market and
make a profit
High risk of injury due to lack
of caution and exposure to
toxic substances
Often play together in
the dump site
5. Program Goals
Reduce amount of e-waste exported to Ghana
Removal of existing e-waste to reduce the harmful impact of the
dump site on women and children's health
Educate vulnerable populations and the greater community on the
dangers of the dump site
7. Community Needs Assessment
Seeking permission to ensure cultural beliefs
or longstanding traditions are not violated
Asking local leaders for permission and opinions on proposed project
Survey community to determine if they are content with project
Ask community leaders to be a liaison between GHANA and community to
ensure clear communication
Focus groups
Establish baseline of community knowledge of e-waste
Assess level of misinformation about e-waste sources
See what issues are important to the community
9. Education
Proper waste disposal
Health effects of hazardous waste
Sports activities with education for
children
E-Waste Supply
Center for scrap exchange
Other methods for recycling metal
Cryogenic mills
Soil and Water Purification
Phytoextraction
Seed dispersal program
Interventions
10. Education Program
Agbogbloshie community
Provide free meal for entire families
as incentive to attend education programs in
existing training facility
Programs to educate about proper waste
disposal and health effects
Youth Education Programs
Provide food and sports activities on existing
football pitch
Child focus material on hazards of contact with
e-waste and potential for injury
11. Components of Educational Program
Hazardous Waste
Environmental Effects
• Effects on:
• Soil
• Air
• Water
• Emphasize that
hazardous
materials are not
easy to extract from
environment
Hazardous Waste
Health Effects
• Impacts of pollution
on humans
•Focus on impacts
on children and
pregnant women
• Impacts on landfill
workers
• Emphasize what to
do if exposed to
hazardous toxin
Youth-
Based Component
• Blended sports and
educational e-waste
sessions
• Show children what
hazards to avoid in the
environment
• Convey potential harmful
impacts of e-waste to the
environment and
themselves
• Emphasize the importance
of coming to school
12. Components of Educational Program
cont.
Actions to be taken by
Community Members
• Take special precautions to
prevent hazardous pollutant
exposure
• Plant seeds that will help
extract pollutants from soil
• Stop burning e-waste and
utilize community recycling
program
• Utilize word of mouth
• Encourage kids to attend
school as much as possible
Surveys
• Gage comprehension
• Demographics may be
collected
Awareness
of Additional Resources
• Developed based on
focus group results
•Brochures,
pamphlets, etc.
• Community
leaders acting as
liaisons can
answer questions
• Awareness of reliable
sources
13. Addressing Public Misinformation
Problem: Basel Convention Monitoring Network is branding itself as a
reputable source and released a report saying the US state of Vermont is
the source of 95% of e-waste. In addition, the public views this NGO as
official reports from the Basel Convention. Local population is ignoring
other statistics and demanding reparation.
As part of Education program, we will address where the e-waste is
coming from (USA, Brazil, Germany, Japan, China) as well as domestic e-
waste
15. Building Recycling Centers
Dedicate funds to open two recycling
centers where residents see fit
Build on to existing recycling center
Pure Earth: NGO that has a fully functioning recycling
center with wire stripping capabilities
Add pilot program to try cryogenic grinding
16. Cryogenic Mills
Machine that freezes metals
and other materials using liquid
nitrogen
Frozen metals are then grinded
mechanically into nanoparticles
Resulting powder can be easily
reused and resold
17. Waste
Exchange
Program
Workers can gather electronics found at the dumpsite
to bring to the recycling centers to be properly
disposed of
Gather
Workers will pay small fee per item.
•To be negotiated with community leadersPay
Centers will help them recover useful scrap metal to
be sold in the marketHelp
Metal powder will be resold to companies that can
utilize itBe
18. Phytoextraction
The removal of heavy metals from
the soil matrix by plant uptake
Benefits:
Cost effective
Can treat multiple heavy metals
simultaneously
No need for excavation of
contaminated soil
Follow-up processing of biomass
available
Vegetation can help prevent erosion
and the further spread of contaminated
material
20. Policy Advocacy
Reduce Amount of E-
Waste being Exported to
Ghana
• Enforcing the premises
of the Basel Convention
• Advocate for Port
Authority to monitor and
collect data about
source of e-waste
Removing Waste and
Reducing Impacts of E-
Waste Landfills
• Pushing for the National
Health Insurance
Scheme (NHIS) to
conduct prenatal
monitoring for toxins in
Agbogbloshie
Educate Children on the
Dangers of E-Waste
Landfills
• Push for Ministry of
Education to provide
free lunch for students
in schools near Old
Fadama
• Advocate to teach
children in schools
about how to properly
dispose of e-waste
22. Evaluation
Surveys from
community
leaders
Percentage of e-
waste recycled in
plant now vs.
before
Comparison of
pollution in air
and soil every 6
months
Review health
disease incidence
related to e-waste
pollution
Monitor doctor
visits and
emergency room
visits
School attendance
23. Dissemination
of Findings
Comparison of results published online for easy
access annually
Use data from previous years in educational
program to show effectiveness
Share information with key partners and other e-
waste infiltrated countries
25. Timeline
Year Year Year Year Year
Establish
partnerships
Conduct needs
assessment
Build community
trust
Evaluation and
Monitoring
Begin e-waste
education
program
Begin
construction of
cryogenic mill
Training of recycle
center workers
Dissemination of
findings
Opening of
cryogenic mill
Begin construction
of second cryogenic
mill
Advocate to
government leaders
Opening of
second cryogenic
mill
Advocate to
broader
community
National health insurance scheme
United nations environment programma
Accra metropolitan assembly
Ghana- Ghanaian Health Advocacy Network of Accra
Pure earth- sets up recycling centers in Agbogbloshie
Ministry of education for free lunches in school and children education programs
Ghana Ports and Harbors Authority
Time-consuming: takes time to see results and extract/remove dangerous metals and pollutants
Cultural barriers: population may not think that the hazardous chemicals are making a significant impact on health and may not be willing to go through education process
Literacy: not everyone may be able to read so we may have to find alternative methods to survey community members
Low SES: adults may not be able to take time to come to educational program if they have several other responsibilities
Rely on word of mouth and neighborhood canvassing to ensure we reach those who cannot come to us
Survey results skewed by unintentional bias or forgetfulness
Employ random sampling and other technique to limit bias to best of ability