TCR specificity for antigen responsible for recognizing fragments of antigen as peptides bound
to major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules.
Type of antigen recognized-foreign antigens that are displayed on the surfaces of the body\'s own
cells. These antigens can derive from pathogens such as viruses or intracellular bacteria, which
replicate within cells, or from pathogens or their products that cells have internalized by
endocytosis from the extracellular fluid.
MHCI-Cytotoxic T lymphocytes
expressed by- platelets in essence all cells but red blood cells
type of antigen recognized-any nucleated cell normally presents cytosolic peptides, mostly self
peptides derived from protein turnover and defective ribosomal products. During viral infection,
intracellular microorganism infection, or cancerous transformation, such proteins degraded in the
proteosome are as well loaded onto MHC class I molecules and displayed on the cell surface.
MHCII-antigen specificity-Helper T lymphocytes
type of cells-antigen presenting cells macrophages, B cells and dendritic cells.
cytosolic proteins mostly synthetized by the cell; may also enter from the extracellular medium
via phagosomes type of antigen recognized
Solution
TCR specificity for antigen responsible for recognizing fragments of antigen as peptides bound
to major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules.
Type of antigen recognized-foreign antigens that are displayed on the surfaces of the body\'s own
cells. These antigens can derive from pathogens such as viruses or intracellular bacteria, which
replicate within cells, or from pathogens or their products that cells have internalized by
endocytosis from the extracellular fluid.
MHCI-Cytotoxic T lymphocytes
expressed by- platelets in essence all cells but red blood cells
type of antigen recognized-any nucleated cell normally presents cytosolic peptides, mostly self
peptides derived from protein turnover and defective ribosomal products. During viral infection,
intracellular microorganism infection, or cancerous transformation, such proteins degraded in the
proteosome are as well loaded onto MHC class I molecules and displayed on the cell surface.
MHCII-antigen specificity-Helper T lymphocytes
type of cells-antigen presenting cells macrophages, B cells and dendritic cells.
cytosolic proteins mostly synthetized by the cell; may also enter from the extracellular medium
via phagosomes type of antigen recognized.
IMMUNITY OF BODY IN VERY IMPORTANT IN THE DEFENSE OF THE BODY. THERE ARE TWO TYPES OF IMMUNITY ADAPTIVE IMMUNITY AND INNATE IMMUNITY. THE CURRENT UPLOAD DEALS WITH BRANCHES OF ADAPTIVE IMMUNITY.
Describe and discuss the 2 pathways for antigen processing exogenou.pdfexpressionnoveltiesk
Describe and discuss the 2 pathways for antigen processing: exogenous and endogenous.
Solution
Answer :
Exogenous antigens: Exogenous antigens are produced outside of the host cell and enters the cell
by endocytosis or phagocytosis. These antigens includes bacteria and bacterial toxins, parasitic
worms, inhaled pollen or dust, Antigen presenting cells (macrophages, dendritic cells, and B
cells) degrade ingested exogenous antigen into peptide fragments within the endocytic
processing pathway. APCs then present the fragments to T helper cells (CD4+) by the use of
class II histocompatibility molecules on their surface.
Endogenous antigens are forgein antigens which are synthesised inside the body cells which
includes the viral proteins produced after a virus infects the cell or the abnormal prteins
synthesisd by cancerous cells. Fragments of endogenous antigens are processed and presented by
antigen presenting cells through class I MHC molecules. T cells displaying CD8 recognize
antigen associated with class I MHC molecules and thus are said to be class I MHC restricted..
it is related to immunology .. Major histo compatibility complex - a highly polymorphic region on chromosome 6 with genes particularly involved in immune functions..
IMMUNITY OF BODY IN VERY IMPORTANT IN THE DEFENSE OF THE BODY. THERE ARE TWO TYPES OF IMMUNITY ADAPTIVE IMMUNITY AND INNATE IMMUNITY. THE CURRENT UPLOAD DEALS WITH BRANCHES OF ADAPTIVE IMMUNITY.
Describe and discuss the 2 pathways for antigen processing exogenou.pdfexpressionnoveltiesk
Describe and discuss the 2 pathways for antigen processing: exogenous and endogenous.
Solution
Answer :
Exogenous antigens: Exogenous antigens are produced outside of the host cell and enters the cell
by endocytosis or phagocytosis. These antigens includes bacteria and bacterial toxins, parasitic
worms, inhaled pollen or dust, Antigen presenting cells (macrophages, dendritic cells, and B
cells) degrade ingested exogenous antigen into peptide fragments within the endocytic
processing pathway. APCs then present the fragments to T helper cells (CD4+) by the use of
class II histocompatibility molecules on their surface.
Endogenous antigens are forgein antigens which are synthesised inside the body cells which
includes the viral proteins produced after a virus infects the cell or the abnormal prteins
synthesisd by cancerous cells. Fragments of endogenous antigens are processed and presented by
antigen presenting cells through class I MHC molecules. T cells displaying CD8 recognize
antigen associated with class I MHC molecules and thus are said to be class I MHC restricted..
it is related to immunology .. Major histo compatibility complex - a highly polymorphic region on chromosome 6 with genes particularly involved in immune functions..
As a periodontist, I have included the basics of immunity from the periodontist point of view that will help in understanding the immunological basis of periodontal disease...
Cells involved in immune response by faunafondnessfaunafondness
Content :- Cells involved in immune response
1. Types of immune cells
2. Their production
3. Function of immune cells
4. T-cells, B-cells, Macrophages, monocytes, dendritic cells.
HUMORAL IMMUNE RESPONSE
CELLULAR IMMUNE RESPONSE
It destroys antigen outside of the cell in body fluids like blood and lymph.
It destroys antigen inside the cells using T cells tagged with MHC marker.
B cells produce memory cells which can provide future immunity.
T cells are of two types-
T helper cells-
They do not destroy the infected cells or pathogens, but they activate other immune cells to do
so.
The major roles of T helper cells are to stimulate B cells to secrete antibodies, to activate
phagocytes, to activate T killer cells and to enhance the activity of natural killer (NK) cells. They
require MHC class II proteins to present the exogenous antigens.
Cytotoxic T cells-
They destroy the cells by inducing apoptosis infected by viruses, intracellular bacteria and
certain types of cancers. They require MHC class I proteins to present the endogenous antigens.
Intracellular pathogens are usually not detected by macrophages and antibodies, and clearance of
infection depends upon elimination of infected cells by cytotoxic lymphocytes
HUMORAL IMMUNE RESPONSE
CELLULAR IMMUNE RESPONSE
It destroys antigen outside of the cell in body fluids like blood and lymph.
It destroys antigen inside the cells using T cells tagged with MHC marker.Apart from antigen
binding the B cell, Interleukins or helper T cells costimulate the B cells and enable its activation
and proliferation.B cells proliferate and produce plasma cells which bear antibodies with the
identical antigen specificity as the antigen receptors of the activated B cells. The antibodies are
released and circulate through the body, binding to the antigens.APC (Antigen presenting cells)
display antigen to T cells.Interleukins (secreted by APCs or helper T cells) costimulate the
activation of T cells based on the type of antigen.
B cells produce memory cells which can provide future immunity.
T cells are of two types-
T helper cells-
They do not destroy the infected cells or pathogens, but they activate other immune cells to do
so.
The major roles of T helper cells are to stimulate B cells to secrete antibodies, to activate
phagocytes, to activate T killer cells and to enhance the activity of natural killer (NK) cells.
They require MHC class II proteins to present the exogenous antigens.
Cytotoxic T cells-
They destroy the cells by inducing apoptosis infected by viruses, intracellular bacteria and
certain types of cancers. They require MHC class I proteins to present the endogenous antigens.
Intracellular pathogens are usually not detected by macrophages and antibodies, and clearance
of infection depends upon elimination of infected cells by cytotoxic lymphocytes
Solution
HUMORAL IMMUNE RESPONSE
CELLULAR IMMUNE RESPONSE
It destroys antigen outside of the cell in body fluids like blood and lymph.
It destroys antigen inside the cells using T cells tagged with MHC marker.
B cells produce memory cells which can provide future immunity.
T cells are of two types-
T helper cells-
They do not destroy the .
William Weckenden’s views were in accordance with the fact that the .pdfviji4laxmi
William Weckenden’s views were in accordance with the fact that the first engineers were a
class apart in technical skills, true geniuses and self-made. Despite the limitations they faced in
term of education, resources and facilities, they managed to become pioneers of the underlying
technology behind today’s advanced machines. It was their powers of observation, deduction and
will to figure out the scientific nuances of nature that propelled them to achieve what they are
known for today.
Solution
William Weckenden’s views were in accordance with the fact that the first engineers were a
class apart in technical skills, true geniuses and self-made. Despite the limitations they faced in
term of education, resources and facilities, they managed to become pioneers of the underlying
technology behind today’s advanced machines. It was their powers of observation, deduction and
will to figure out the scientific nuances of nature that propelled them to achieve what they are
known for today..
Trypsin and chymotrypsin are an example of divergent evolution.Diver.pdfviji4laxmi
Trypsin and chymotrypsin are an example of divergent evolution.Divergent evolution is the
accumulation of differences between groups which can lead to the formation of new species.All
are derived from a common ancestral serine protease, and are described as homologous.They
have very strong structural similarity.They use the same mechanism for the cleavage of protein
chains.Some non-mammalian serine proteases have 20-50% sequence identity with mammalian
ones, suggesting a common ancestral protease.
Solution
Trypsin and chymotrypsin are an example of divergent evolution.Divergent evolution is the
accumulation of differences between groups which can lead to the formation of new species.All
are derived from a common ancestral serine protease, and are described as homologous.They
have very strong structural similarity.They use the same mechanism for the cleavage of protein
chains.Some non-mammalian serine proteases have 20-50% sequence identity with mammalian
ones, suggesting a common ancestral protease..
More Related Content
Similar to TCR specificity for antigen responsible for recognizing fragments of.pdf
As a periodontist, I have included the basics of immunity from the periodontist point of view that will help in understanding the immunological basis of periodontal disease...
Cells involved in immune response by faunafondnessfaunafondness
Content :- Cells involved in immune response
1. Types of immune cells
2. Their production
3. Function of immune cells
4. T-cells, B-cells, Macrophages, monocytes, dendritic cells.
HUMORAL IMMUNE RESPONSE
CELLULAR IMMUNE RESPONSE
It destroys antigen outside of the cell in body fluids like blood and lymph.
It destroys antigen inside the cells using T cells tagged with MHC marker.
B cells produce memory cells which can provide future immunity.
T cells are of two types-
T helper cells-
They do not destroy the infected cells or pathogens, but they activate other immune cells to do
so.
The major roles of T helper cells are to stimulate B cells to secrete antibodies, to activate
phagocytes, to activate T killer cells and to enhance the activity of natural killer (NK) cells. They
require MHC class II proteins to present the exogenous antigens.
Cytotoxic T cells-
They destroy the cells by inducing apoptosis infected by viruses, intracellular bacteria and
certain types of cancers. They require MHC class I proteins to present the endogenous antigens.
Intracellular pathogens are usually not detected by macrophages and antibodies, and clearance of
infection depends upon elimination of infected cells by cytotoxic lymphocytes
HUMORAL IMMUNE RESPONSE
CELLULAR IMMUNE RESPONSE
It destroys antigen outside of the cell in body fluids like blood and lymph.
It destroys antigen inside the cells using T cells tagged with MHC marker.Apart from antigen
binding the B cell, Interleukins or helper T cells costimulate the B cells and enable its activation
and proliferation.B cells proliferate and produce plasma cells which bear antibodies with the
identical antigen specificity as the antigen receptors of the activated B cells. The antibodies are
released and circulate through the body, binding to the antigens.APC (Antigen presenting cells)
display antigen to T cells.Interleukins (secreted by APCs or helper T cells) costimulate the
activation of T cells based on the type of antigen.
B cells produce memory cells which can provide future immunity.
T cells are of two types-
T helper cells-
They do not destroy the infected cells or pathogens, but they activate other immune cells to do
so.
The major roles of T helper cells are to stimulate B cells to secrete antibodies, to activate
phagocytes, to activate T killer cells and to enhance the activity of natural killer (NK) cells.
They require MHC class II proteins to present the exogenous antigens.
Cytotoxic T cells-
They destroy the cells by inducing apoptosis infected by viruses, intracellular bacteria and
certain types of cancers. They require MHC class I proteins to present the endogenous antigens.
Intracellular pathogens are usually not detected by macrophages and antibodies, and clearance
of infection depends upon elimination of infected cells by cytotoxic lymphocytes
Solution
HUMORAL IMMUNE RESPONSE
CELLULAR IMMUNE RESPONSE
It destroys antigen outside of the cell in body fluids like blood and lymph.
It destroys antigen inside the cells using T cells tagged with MHC marker.
B cells produce memory cells which can provide future immunity.
T cells are of two types-
T helper cells-
They do not destroy the .
William Weckenden’s views were in accordance with the fact that the .pdfviji4laxmi
William Weckenden’s views were in accordance with the fact that the first engineers were a
class apart in technical skills, true geniuses and self-made. Despite the limitations they faced in
term of education, resources and facilities, they managed to become pioneers of the underlying
technology behind today’s advanced machines. It was their powers of observation, deduction and
will to figure out the scientific nuances of nature that propelled them to achieve what they are
known for today.
Solution
William Weckenden’s views were in accordance with the fact that the first engineers were a
class apart in technical skills, true geniuses and self-made. Despite the limitations they faced in
term of education, resources and facilities, they managed to become pioneers of the underlying
technology behind today’s advanced machines. It was their powers of observation, deduction and
will to figure out the scientific nuances of nature that propelled them to achieve what they are
known for today..
Trypsin and chymotrypsin are an example of divergent evolution.Diver.pdfviji4laxmi
Trypsin and chymotrypsin are an example of divergent evolution.Divergent evolution is the
accumulation of differences between groups which can lead to the formation of new species.All
are derived from a common ancestral serine protease, and are described as homologous.They
have very strong structural similarity.They use the same mechanism for the cleavage of protein
chains.Some non-mammalian serine proteases have 20-50% sequence identity with mammalian
ones, suggesting a common ancestral protease.
Solution
Trypsin and chymotrypsin are an example of divergent evolution.Divergent evolution is the
accumulation of differences between groups which can lead to the formation of new species.All
are derived from a common ancestral serine protease, and are described as homologous.They
have very strong structural similarity.They use the same mechanism for the cleavage of protein
chains.Some non-mammalian serine proteases have 20-50% sequence identity with mammalian
ones, suggesting a common ancestral protease..
1. Ethane has molecular formula CH3CH3.Propane has molecular formu.pdfviji4laxmi
1. Ethane has molecular formula CH3CH3.
Propane has molecular formula CH3CH2CH3.
Butane has molecular formula CH3CH2CH2CH3.
Propane differs from ethane by a CH2 group.
Butane differs from propane by a CH2 group.
2. The expected molecular formula for pentane is: CH3CH2CH2CH2CH3.
This can be deduced from adding a CH2 group to the molecular formula of butane.
Solution
1. Ethane has molecular formula CH3CH3.
Propane has molecular formula CH3CH2CH3.
Butane has molecular formula CH3CH2CH2CH3.
Propane differs from ethane by a CH2 group.
Butane differs from propane by a CH2 group.
2. The expected molecular formula for pentane is: CH3CH2CH2CH2CH3.
This can be deduced from adding a CH2 group to the molecular formula of butane..
PKU is human hereditary disease where the body fails to process phen.pdfviji4laxmi
PKU is human hereditary disease where the body fails to process phenylalanine found in protein
we intake in our daily food. It is caused by recessive allele of simple Mendelian inheritance. It os
causes when father and mother are heterozygotes.
Solution
PKU is human hereditary disease where the body fails to process phenylalanine found in protein
we intake in our daily food. It is caused by recessive allele of simple Mendelian inheritance. It os
causes when father and mother are heterozygotes..
Paris japonica 150 billion base pairs Caenorhabditis elegans 100.pdfviji4laxmi
Paris japonica: 150 billion base pairs
Caenorhabditis elegans: 100 million base pairs
Mus musculus (house fly): 3,482,010,803
Homo sapiens (Human): 3 billion
Felis catis (cat): 3 billion base pairs
Pan troglodytes(chimpanzee): 3 billion base pairs
Canis lupus familiaris (dog): 2,392,715,236
Haemophilus influenza: 1.8 million base pairs
Xenopus tropicalis: 1.7 billion base pairs
Danio rerio: 1.41 billion base pairs
Methanococcus jannaschii: 1.66 mega base pair
Aedes aegypti: 1376 million base pair
Arabidopsis thaliana (mouse-ear cress):119,146,348 bp
Drosophila (fruit fly): 120 million base pairs
Plasmodium flaciparum: 24 million DNA base pairs
saccharomyces cerevisiae (baker\'s yeast): 12,495,682
E coli : 4,639,221
Homo neanderthalensis(tool maker): 65,250
Human mitochondria: 16,569
Zika virus: 10.617 base pairs
PhiX174: 5,386
Oryza sativa (rice): 2,853 bp
Picea glauca (white spruce): 109 basepair
Solution
Paris japonica: 150 billion base pairs
Caenorhabditis elegans: 100 million base pairs
Mus musculus (house fly): 3,482,010,803
Homo sapiens (Human): 3 billion
Felis catis (cat): 3 billion base pairs
Pan troglodytes(chimpanzee): 3 billion base pairs
Canis lupus familiaris (dog): 2,392,715,236
Haemophilus influenza: 1.8 million base pairs
Xenopus tropicalis: 1.7 billion base pairs
Danio rerio: 1.41 billion base pairs
Methanococcus jannaschii: 1.66 mega base pair
Aedes aegypti: 1376 million base pair
Arabidopsis thaliana (mouse-ear cress):119,146,348 bp
Drosophila (fruit fly): 120 million base pairs
Plasmodium flaciparum: 24 million DNA base pairs
saccharomyces cerevisiae (baker\'s yeast): 12,495,682
E coli : 4,639,221
Homo neanderthalensis(tool maker): 65,250
Human mitochondria: 16,569
Zika virus: 10.617 base pairs
PhiX174: 5,386
Oryza sativa (rice): 2,853 bp
Picea glauca (white spruce): 109 basepair.
Moles of HCl = volume (in L) x concentration of HCl= 26.751000 x .pdfviji4laxmi
Moles of HCl = volume (in L) x concentration of HCl
= 26.75/1000 x 0.232
= 0.006206 moles 6.21 x 10-3 moles
Solution
Moles of HCl = volume (in L) x concentration of HCl
= 26.75/1000 x 0.232
= 0.006206 moles 6.21 x 10-3 moles.
Meiosis vs MitosisDifferencemeiosismitosisType of Reproducti.pdfviji4laxmi
Meiosis vs Mitosis
Difference
meiosis
mitosis
Type of Reproduction
Asexual
Sexual
Crossing Over
No, crossing over cannot occur.
Yes, crossing over of chromosomes occurs.
Number of Daughter Cells produced
2 diploid cells
4 haploid cells
Number of cell Divisions
one
two
The recombination or crossing over of chromosomes during meiosis generates variation.
Mendel\'s Law of Independent Assortment statesthat allele pairs separate independently during
the formation of gametes. This means that traits are transmitted to offspring independently of one
another. Thus to assort independently the genes have to be located on different chromosomes or
be at a great distance so that they are not linked.
Difference
meiosis
mitosis
Type of Reproduction
Asexual
Sexual
Crossing Over
No, crossing over cannot occur.
Yes, crossing over of chromosomes occurs.
Number of Daughter Cells produced
2 diploid cells
4 haploid cells
Number of cell Divisions
one
two
Solution
Meiosis vs Mitosis
Difference
meiosis
mitosis
Type of Reproduction
Asexual
Sexual
Crossing Over
No, crossing over cannot occur.
Yes, crossing over of chromosomes occurs.
Number of Daughter Cells produced
2 diploid cells
4 haploid cells
Number of cell Divisions
one
two
The recombination or crossing over of chromosomes during meiosis generates variation.
Mendel\'s Law of Independent Assortment statesthat allele pairs separate independently during
the formation of gametes. This means that traits are transmitted to offspring independently of one
another. Thus to assort independently the genes have to be located on different chromosomes or
be at a great distance so that they are not linked.
Difference
meiosis
mitosis
Type of Reproduction
Asexual
Sexual
Crossing Over
No, crossing over cannot occur.
Yes, crossing over of chromosomes occurs.
Number of Daughter Cells produced
2 diploid cells
4 haploid cells
Number of cell Divisions
one
two.
Leydig cells are the sites where testosterone is synthesized in the .pdfviji4laxmi
Leydig cells are the sites where testosterone is synthesized in the testes of males. The leydig cells
are found between the seminiferous tubules of the testes and secrete testosterone hormone.
Solution
Leydig cells are the sites where testosterone is synthesized in the testes of males. The leydig cells
are found between the seminiferous tubules of the testes and secrete testosterone hormone..
In general, though we say that the conservation of mass holds tr.pdfviji4laxmi
In general, though we say that the \"conservation of mass\" holds true, this fact does not appear
apparent when looking at a system from a macroscopic viewpoint. In other words, when we
weigh the tin can or candle, the masses seem to have changed as a result of the chemical
reaction. What\'s going on here?
The explanation lies on a more microscopic level:
Individual molecules of gas tend to have negligible masses. Therefore, the only weighed objects
are the solid ones like the tin can and the candle. However, remember that the reactions involve
these molecules of gas, and that these molecules contribute their own mass into the products of
the reaction. In the rusting process, the gas molecules add their mass to the tin can and cause it to
form rust, which is actually extra solid matter formed by reacting the gas with the tin. This
means that the new mass of the rusted tin can comes right from the gas molecules; the opposite
kind of process happens with the candle. In fact, if you were hypothetically able to seal the
systems in a container with either the rusting tin can and the burning candle with the surrounding
air and were somehow able to weigh the air molecules in the sealed system before and after the
reaction (which we can\'t realistically do without complicated thermodynamics and surface-
substrate adsorption isotherm analysis), you would see that the total mass of each system does
not change after the chemical reactions.
I\'ll explain the tin can and candle systems in more detail. First of all, when we say \"tin can\",
we don\'t mean a can made of the element tin (Sn). A tin can is actually a steel can with iron
alloys, just coated with a thin layer of tin to prevent rusting (but the coating can break under
mechanical stresses like pressure or temperature, exposing the steel on the inside). Now, after the
iron alloys are exposed to oxygen in the surrounding air, oxygen can react with the iron and form
solid iron oxides, which are the rust particles we see on the tin can. Therefore, the oxygen
contributes its own weight into the system containing the tin can and oxygen. Similarly, the
candle is composed of many hydrocarbons such as paraffin (an alkane) that undergo combustion
under conditions of high temperature (lighting the candle). When combusting, the hydrocarbons
gain enough energy for the oxygen molecules in the surrounding air to break them apart and pull
carbons and hydrogens from them, forming carbon dioxide (CO2) and water vapor (H2O),
respectively.
Finally, an experiment to show the conservation of mass (because the one I mentioned above is
not very realistic): seal oxygen and an iron can (we don\'t want any tin or steel alloys this time)
in an air-tight container, and use the density of the air and the volume of the container to find the
mass of oxygen. Then, allow the reaction of iron can and air to go to completion, such that all of
the reactant oxygen molecules are used up and the mass of the can remains constant over a
.
Convertible debentures are considered in fully diluted EPS but not i.pdfviji4laxmi
Convertible debentures are considered in fully diluted EPS but not in Basic EPS
Solution
Convertible debentures are considered in fully diluted EPS but not in Basic EPS.
Nope, these species arent spectators. Spectator.pdfviji4laxmi
Nope, these species aren\'t spectators. Spectators appear on both sides of an
equation completely unchanged. Even though 2H+(aq) and H2(g) both contain two hydrogen
atoms, those atoms have changed form during the reaction from some aqueous ions to a gas
molecule, so they can\'t be spectators
Solution
Nope, these species aren\'t spectators. Spectators appear on both sides of an
equation completely unchanged. Even though 2H+(aq) and H2(g) both contain two hydrogen
atoms, those atoms have changed form during the reaction from some aqueous ions to a gas
molecule, so they can\'t be spectators.
Molarity = moll Molar mass of NaOH 39.997 gmol.pdfviji4laxmi
Molarity = mol/l Molar mass of NaOH: 39.997 g/mol 40 g / 39.997 g/mol = 1.000
mol 1.000 mol / 2 l = 0.50 M solution of NaOH
Solution
Molarity = mol/l Molar mass of NaOH: 39.997 g/mol 40 g / 39.997 g/mol = 1.000
mol 1.000 mol / 2 l = 0.50 M solution of NaOH.
H2SO4 is a strong acid so we can assume that it d.pdfviji4laxmi
H2SO4 is a strong acid so we can assume that it dissociates completely. pH = -
log[H+] = -log(0.50M) = 0.30 NaOH is a strong acid so we can assume that is dissociates
completely. pH = 14 - (-log[-OH]) = 14 - (-log(0.50M)) = 13.7
Solution
H2SO4 is a strong acid so we can assume that it dissociates completely. pH = -
log[H+] = -log(0.50M) = 0.30 NaOH is a strong acid so we can assume that is dissociates
completely. pH = 14 - (-log[-OH]) = 14 - (-log(0.50M)) = 13.7.
Descending this group, the +2 OS becomes more and.pdfviji4laxmi
Descending this group, the +2 OS becomes more and more stable due to the inert
pair effect. Sn and Pb display this effect. i) PbO2 + 4H+ + Sn2+ > Pb2+ + Sn4+ + 2H2O (Pb in
+2 OS is more preferred than Sn2+) ii) Sn2+ +O2 (air) ---> Sn4+ the inert pair effect is not so
strong as that of Pb.
Solution
Descending this group, the +2 OS becomes more and more stable due to the inert
pair effect. Sn and Pb display this effect. i) PbO2 + 4H+ + Sn2+ > Pb2+ + Sn4+ + 2H2O (Pb in
+2 OS is more preferred than Sn2+) ii) Sn2+ +O2 (air) ---> Sn4+ the inert pair effect is not so
strong as that of Pb..
How to Make a Field invisible in Odoo 17Celine George
It is possible to hide or invisible some fields in odoo. Commonly using “invisible” attribute in the field definition to invisible the fields. This slide will show how to make a field invisible in odoo 17.
Operation “Blue Star” is the only event in the history of Independent India where the state went into war with its own people. Even after about 40 years it is not clear if it was culmination of states anger over people of the region, a political game of power or start of dictatorial chapter in the democratic setup.
The people of Punjab felt alienated from main stream due to denial of their just demands during a long democratic struggle since independence. As it happen all over the word, it led to militant struggle with great loss of lives of military, police and civilian personnel. Killing of Indira Gandhi and massacre of innocent Sikhs in Delhi and other India cities was also associated with this movement.
We all have good and bad thoughts from time to time and situation to situation. We are bombarded daily with spiraling thoughts(both negative and positive) creating all-consuming feel , making us difficult to manage with associated suffering. Good thoughts are like our Mob Signal (Positive thought) amidst noise(negative thought) in the atmosphere. Negative thoughts like noise outweigh positive thoughts. These thoughts often create unwanted confusion, trouble, stress and frustration in our mind as well as chaos in our physical world. Negative thoughts are also known as “distorted thinking”.
This is a presentation by Dada Robert in a Your Skill Boost masterclass organised by the Excellence Foundation for South Sudan (EFSS) on Saturday, the 25th and Sunday, the 26th of May 2024.
He discussed the concept of quality improvement, emphasizing its applicability to various aspects of life, including personal, project, and program improvements. He defined quality as doing the right thing at the right time in the right way to achieve the best possible results and discussed the concept of the "gap" between what we know and what we do, and how this gap represents the areas we need to improve. He explained the scientific approach to quality improvement, which involves systematic performance analysis, testing and learning, and implementing change ideas. He also highlighted the importance of client focus and a team approach to quality improvement.
Synthetic Fiber Construction in lab .pptxPavel ( NSTU)
Synthetic fiber production is a fascinating and complex field that blends chemistry, engineering, and environmental science. By understanding these aspects, students can gain a comprehensive view of synthetic fiber production, its impact on society and the environment, and the potential for future innovations. Synthetic fibers play a crucial role in modern society, impacting various aspects of daily life, industry, and the environment. ynthetic fibers are integral to modern life, offering a range of benefits from cost-effectiveness and versatility to innovative applications and performance characteristics. While they pose environmental challenges, ongoing research and development aim to create more sustainable and eco-friendly alternatives. Understanding the importance of synthetic fibers helps in appreciating their role in the economy, industry, and daily life, while also emphasizing the need for sustainable practices and innovation.
Unit 8 - Information and Communication Technology (Paper I).pdfThiyagu K
This slides describes the basic concepts of ICT, basics of Email, Emerging Technology and Digital Initiatives in Education. This presentations aligns with the UGC Paper I syllabus.
Palestine last event orientationfvgnh .pptxRaedMohamed3
An EFL lesson about the current events in Palestine. It is intended to be for intermediate students who wish to increase their listening skills through a short lesson in power point.
Students, digital devices and success - Andreas Schleicher - 27 May 2024..pptxEduSkills OECD
Andreas Schleicher presents at the OECD webinar ‘Digital devices in schools: detrimental distraction or secret to success?’ on 27 May 2024. The presentation was based on findings from PISA 2022 results and the webinar helped launch the PISA in Focus ‘Managing screen time: How to protect and equip students against distraction’ https://www.oecd-ilibrary.org/education/managing-screen-time_7c225af4-en and the OECD Education Policy Perspective ‘Students, digital devices and success’ can be found here - https://oe.cd/il/5yV
How to Split Bills in the Odoo 17 POS ModuleCeline George
Bills have a main role in point of sale procedure. It will help to track sales, handling payments and giving receipts to customers. Bill splitting also has an important role in POS. For example, If some friends come together for dinner and if they want to divide the bill then it is possible by POS bill splitting. This slide will show how to split bills in odoo 17 POS.
TCR specificity for antigen responsible for recognizing fragments of.pdf
1. TCR specificity for antigen responsible for recognizing fragments of antigen as peptides bound
to major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules.
Type of antigen recognized-foreign antigens that are displayed on the surfaces of the body's own
cells. These antigens can derive from pathogens such as viruses or intracellular bacteria, which
replicate within cells, or from pathogens or their products that cells have internalized by
endocytosis from the extracellular fluid.
MHCI-Cytotoxic T lymphocytes
expressed by- platelets in essence all cells but red blood cells
type of antigen recognized-any nucleated cell normally presents cytosolic peptides, mostly self
peptides derived from protein turnover and defective ribosomal products. During viral infection,
intracellular microorganism infection, or cancerous transformation, such proteins degraded in the
proteosome are as well loaded onto MHC class I molecules and displayed on the cell surface.
MHCII-antigen specificity-Helper T lymphocytes
type of cells-antigen presenting cells macrophages, B cells and dendritic cells.
cytosolic proteins mostly synthetized by the cell; may also enter from the extracellular medium
via phagosomes type of antigen recognized
Solution
TCR specificity for antigen responsible for recognizing fragments of antigen as peptides bound
to major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules.
Type of antigen recognized-foreign antigens that are displayed on the surfaces of the body's own
cells. These antigens can derive from pathogens such as viruses or intracellular bacteria, which
replicate within cells, or from pathogens or their products that cells have internalized by
endocytosis from the extracellular fluid.
MHCI-Cytotoxic T lymphocytes
expressed by- platelets in essence all cells but red blood cells
type of antigen recognized-any nucleated cell normally presents cytosolic peptides, mostly self
peptides derived from protein turnover and defective ribosomal products. During viral infection,
intracellular microorganism infection, or cancerous transformation, such proteins degraded in the
proteosome are as well loaded onto MHC class I molecules and displayed on the cell surface.
MHCII-antigen specificity-Helper T lymphocytes
type of cells-antigen presenting cells macrophages, B cells and dendritic cells.
cytosolic proteins mostly synthetized by the cell; may also enter from the extracellular medium
via phagosomes type of antigen recognized
