Science in our world-measurement
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This document defines key scientific terms and concepts related to measurement and models. It explains that a fact is an observation confirmed as true, a theory explains hypotheses and observations supported by testing, and a law summarizes experimental results. It then defines scientific models as representations that can differ from what they represent but are similar. Physical, mathematical, and conceptual models are described with examples. The document concludes by explaining the International System of Units for measurement, including common units for length, area, volume, mass, weight, density, and temperature.
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This document summarizes key concepts in genetics and heredity. It discusses Gregor Mendel's experiments with pea plants that revealed the laws of inheritance. Mendel discovered that traits are passed from parents to offspring through discrete units called genes located on chromosomes. Genes come in different forms called alleles that can be dominant or recessive. A Punnett square can be used to predict the possible combinations of alleles and the traits that may be expressed. Sexual reproduction involves two parents and produces offspring with a mix of parental traits, while asexual reproduction requires only one parent and produces identical offspring. Charles Darwin's theory of natural selection explains how organisms with traits better suited to their environment are more likely to survive and reproduce, passing on
Inherited traits
This document lists and defines common human traits such as earlobe type, handedness, hair texture, and eye color that are passed down from parents and make each individual unique, even as some traits are more common in populations than others. It then provides a table to inventory the traits of students in a class.
How to dissect a frog 2014
This document provides instructions for dissecting a frog. It details each step, including: measuring the frog; determining its sex; locating external features of the head; opening the mouth and identifying structures; removing and measuring the tongue; making cuts along the body and pinning back the skin and muscles to expose the organs; locating and identifying organs of the digestive system like the stomach, intestines, liver and gallbladder; finding the heart and its chambers; locating the lungs, kidneys and reproductive organs; and carefully removing the brain from the skull. The goal is to methodically dissect the frog and identify all its internal structures and organs.
Frog Diagrams
This document provides an anatomical diagram of the external features and internal organs of an animal. The diagram labels various external structures of the head like the eyes, nares, tympanic membrane, teeth, and tongue. Internally, it identifies the heart, lungs, stomach, pancreas, spleen, intestines, liver, bladder, and other digestive system organs.
Human Body Systems Test Review
This document provides a review of various human body systems, including the integumentary, respiratory, circulatory, muscular, skeletal, digestive, endocrine, nervous, and excretory systems. It lists the key parts and functions of each system and explains how some systems work together, such as the respiratory and circulatory systems in gas exchange and the circulatory and excretory systems in waste removal. Key terms related to anatomy and physiology are also defined.
The Digestive System 2014
The document summarizes the key stages and components of human digestion. It describes the digestive system as beginning with ingestion in the mouth, followed by digestion in the stomach aided by gastric juices. Nutrients are further broken down by enzymes from the pancreas, liver and gallbladder in the small intestine where most absorption occurs. Undigested material then passes to the large intestine where water is reabsorbed before waste is excreted.
Organic Compounds
This document provides information about organic compounds and their components. It defines organic compounds as those containing carbon bonded to itself, hydrogen, and other elements like oxygen, nitrogen, phosphorus or sulfur. Examples of organic compounds that make up living things are described, including carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids. These compounds are composed of combinations of the elements carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, phosphorus and sometimes sulfur. The document emphasizes carbon's unique ability to form many diverse molecules by bonding to itself and other elements.
The Digestive System
The document summarizes key aspects of human digestion. It begins with an overview of nutrition and the two main parts - ingestion and digestion. It then describes the major components of the human digestive system from mouth to anus. Key functions and processes at each stage are highlighted, including mechanical and chemical breakdown of food. Absorption of nutrients primarily occurs in the small intestine. Undigested material then passes to the large intestine where water is absorbed before waste is excreted.
Exp design water notes 2014
Scientific research and discoveries have significantly improved modern life. Key scientists like Copernicus, Newton, Curie, and Pasteur made contributions that changed our understanding of physics, chemistry, and medicine. Without scientific advances, we would lack many modern technologies and medical treatments. Proper water filtration is also important, as unsafe water can spread disease. Filters work by using porous materials to remove particles from water through permeability and percolation. Understanding water's physical properties helps design effective filtration systems.
The Eye 2014
The document provides information about the sheep eye dissection lab, including:
1) An overview of the external and internal parts of the sheep eye;
2) Instructions for the dissection procedure, such as making cuts to the sclera and removing structures like the lens;
3) Identification of 12 internal eye structures like the retina, choroid layer, and tapetum lucidum within the dissected eye.
8th geology jeopardy
The document provides information about Earth's interior layers, plate tectonics, geological time, fossils, and geological maps. It does this through a series of multiple choice questions and explanations about these topics. Key points covered include the order of Earth's layers from center to surface, properties of the mantle and core, types of plate boundaries and associated landforms, principles of geological time such as superposition, types of fossils and what they reveal, and interpreting topographical maps.
2013 respiratory system pdf
The respiratory system brings oxygen into the body and removes carbon dioxide through a series of organs including the nose, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, bronchioles and alveoli. Air enters the nose and mouth, and is transported through the respiratory tract to the alveoli where gas exchange occurs through diffusion. The diaphragm and rib muscles work together to inhale and exhale air during breathing.
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Science in our world-measurement
- 1. Science in Our World Measurement
- 2. Fact: an observation that has been repeatedly confirmed and is accepted as true. Theory – explanation for hypothesis and observations that have been supported by testing, it explains and predicts Law – summary of many experimental results and observations, tells you how things work Vocabulary
- 3. Scientific Models A model is a substitute or stand-in for what you are actually studying or trying to predict. They are convenient. Models are similar to what they represent even if they are not exact: • can be larger or smaller • can be different colors • may not act the same • they do have limitations! .
- 4. Types of Models Physical Models- look like the objects they are modeling. Ex. A globe is a physical model of the earth. Mathematical Models– made up of mathematical equations and data. Ex. Newton’s Law in Physics.
- 5. Types of Models Conceptual Models – system of ideas, groupings, or classification. Ex. Kingdoms and Domains.
- 6. Measurement International System of Units (SI System) • Metric System • Used all over the World • Improves communication between scientists KHD_M_DCM model Mnemonic! King Henry Dances Merrily Down Central Main Lazily Gracefully
- 7. K H D_M_D C M model Mnemonic! King Henry Dances Merrily Down Central Main Lazily Gracefully The others are prefixes K = Kilo = x1000 H = Hecto = x100 D = Deka = x10 d = deci = x .10 c = centi = x .100 m = milli = x .1000 Base Units Change M = meters L = liters G = grams
- 8. Measurement Length SI Unit - meter Area How much surface an object has Area = Length x Width = square units = cm2 , m2 , km2 L W
- 9. Measurement L W H Volume Amount of space something occupies or amount of space something takes up Volume of a rectangular prism Volume = Length x Width x Height = cubic units = cm3 , m3 , km3 Volume of irregular shaped objects?
- 10. Measurement Volume of irregular shaped objects Amount of space something occupies or amount of space something takes up Volume = Amount of water the object displaces = cubic units = mL3 , L3 Ex. A graduated cylinder has a water level of 200 mL. A rock is dropped into the graduated cylinder and displaces the water up to 300 mL. What is the volume of the rock? 300 mL – 200 mL = 100 ml3
- 11. Measurement Mass Amount of matter in an object. Usually measured in kilograms (large items) or grams (small items) Which has more mass, a kilogram of feathers or a kilogram of bricks?
- 12. Measurement Weight The pull of gravity on an object or how heavy something is. Usually measured in kilograms (large items) or grams (small items) Where do you weigh more, Earth or the moon?
- 14. Measurement Density A physical property that describes the mass per unit volume of a substance. Mnemonic – Density is a “broken heart”. D = ---------- or Density = --------------D = ---------- or Density = --------------Mass Volume
- 15. Measurement Temperature Measure of how hot or cold an object is Expressed as degrees Fahrenheit, degrees Celsius, or Kelvin (SI) • Water boils at 212° F and 100° C • Water freezes at 32° F and 0° C • Body temperature is about 98.6° F