Mushroom are generally appears in rainy season during (June- september) In nature growth of mushroom is of two types Epigenous ( epi = upon and genous = on earth) Hypogenous (hypo = under and genous = earth )

1. RAJNEESH KUMAR SONI
M.Sc. (plant pathology)
ID NO. 112061082
INDIRA GANDHI KRISHI VISHWAVIDALAYA,RAIPUR
Presentation on
COLLEGE OF AGRICULTURE , RAIPUR (C.G.)
Taxonomy, Classification and Life cycle
of cultivated mushroom

2. Classification of edible mushroom
 Mushroom are generally appears in rainy season during (June- september)
 In nature growth of mushroom is of two types
 Epigenous ( epi = upon and genous = on earth)
 Hypogenous (hypo = under and genous = earth )
 Ascomycota
 Chief distinguishing character is formation of sac like structure called ascus inside
which ascospores are formed.
 Asci are born in a fertile layer of cup shaped fruting body having hymenium called
apothecium.
 Edible fungi are belong to class discomycetes
 This group has highly prized mushroom.
 Examples
• Tuber species : truffles
• Order pezzizales Morchella

3. Ascomycota
• These are not cultivated mushroom they are only harvested from their natural
habitat

4.  Basidiomycota
 Largest number of genera of edible mushroom.
 Characterized by formation of basidiospores born superficially over basidium.
 Chief representative are
• Puff ball class gastromycetes
• Mushrooms class hymenomycetes
 Gastromycetes bear unexposed baidium in a well defined hymenium, spores
discharged at maturity by external energy.
 Edible members are
a. Bovista plumbae
b. Calvatia cyathiformis, C. utriformis
c. Dictyophora duplicate
d. Hericium erinaceous
e. Lycopredon echinatum, L. ericitorum
f. Melanogaster variegatum
 Hymenomycetes bear exposed hymenium in which mature and unmatured spores
present
 Basidiocarp of order termellales and auriculariales are gelatinous, waxy and
metabasidium is completely or incompletely divided by primary septa.
 Two gener are edible

5. Mainly cultivated
BASIDOMYCOTA

6.  The basidiocarp of order agaricales is fleshy, subfleshy, leathery, membraneceous or
fragile.
 Basidia are 2, 4 or 8 spored and one celled at maturity.
 Spores are discharged forcibly from sterigmata at maturity by the buller discharge
phenomena.
 Ordere contains 17 families out if which only few are important
 Russalaceae
 Tricholomateceae
 Boletaceae
 Amanitaceae
 Agaricaceae
 Coprinaceae
 Entolomataceae
 Plutaceae
 Cortinariaceae
 Stophariaceae

7. Agraricus bisporus (Button mushroom)
TAXA DESCRIPTION
DOMAIN EUKARYA
KINGDOM FUNGI
PHYLUM/DIVISION BASIDIOMYCOTINA
CLASS AGARICOMYCETES
ORDER AGARICALES
FAMILY AGARICASEAE
GENUS AGARICUS
SPECIES A. bisporus

8. KINGDOME CLASS ORDER FAMILY GENUS SPECIES

9. Life cycle of Agracius bisporus

10. • The sexual reproduction involve the diploidisation process and occurs
generally by the fusion of two cells of the monoploid hyphae belonging to
different strain.
• Diplodisation may also be obtained by fusion between oidium and a
hyphae monoploid cell both belonging to different sexes.
• The development of the basidocarp is generally initiated over the
dikaryotic mycelium.
• Samll knot developes over the subterranean rhizomorphic penetrating
mycelium.
• These further form button stage basidocarp promordium.
• Each of the primordial is a solid mass of interwoven hyphae, being less
dense towards the interior. This elongates and develop rapidly.
• The portion above is future pileus and the basal part is to become its
stipe.

11. Life cycle of button mushroom video

12. Pleurotus species ( oyster mushroom)
TAXA DESCRIPTION
DOMAIN EUKARYA
KINGDOM FUNGI
PHYLUM/DIVISION BASIDIOMYCOTINA
CLASS AGARICOMYCETES
ORDER AGARICALES
FAMILY PLEUROTACEAE
GENUS PLEUROTUS
SPECIES P . ostreatus

13. Life cycle of pleurotus spp. (oyster)

14. Paddy straw mushroom
TAXA DESCRIPTION
DOMAIN EUKARYA
KINGDOM FUNGI
PHYLUM/DIVISION BASIDIOMYCOTINA
CLASS AGARICOMYCETES
ORDER AGARICALES
FAMILY PLEUROTACEAE
GENUS VOLVARIELLA
SPECIES V.volvacea

15. Life cycle of paddy straw mushroom

16. Paddy straw mushroom