Andy is an 11-year-old boy from a middle-class family who is struggling in school, particularly in science class taught by Ms. Wong. The document analyzes Andy's situation through the lenses of Maslow's hierarchy of needs, Bronfenbrenner's ecological systems theory, Erikson's psychosocial development theory, and Skinner's behavioral theory. It identifies a lack of love and belongingness from Ms. Wong and disruptive peers as negatively impacting Andy's self-esteem and motivation to learn according to these psychological frameworks. Scenarios for improving Andy's situation are also proposed.
The ecological model of Bronfenbremnner and the Kolb liner theory are considered in this paper.
These models are learning styles’ examples. They have been adopted widely in different systems
of education (Martin & Fabes, 2009). Learning styles refer to consistent ways of enabling
students to respond to any stimuli during the learning process. They are the basis of cognitive,
physiological as well as effective factors which indicate the way learners perceive, interact and
respond to any form of learning. The discussion of this paper focuses on external forces that
differentiate Brofenbrenner’s model from the Kolb’s linear model. The paper also outlines the
crucial Kolb’s model analysis with consideration of Bronfenbrenner’s model. The paper will also
critique Kolb’s model.
The ecological model of Bronfenbremnner and the Kolb liner theory are considered in this paper.
These models are learning styles’ examples. They have been adopted widely in different systems
of education (Martin & Fabes, 2009). Learning styles refer to consistent ways of enabling
students to respond to any stimuli during the learning process. They are the basis of cognitive,
physiological as well as effective factors which indicate the way learners perceive, interact and
respond to any form of learning. The discussion of this paper focuses on external forces that
differentiate Brofenbrenner’s model from the Kolb’s linear model. The paper also outlines the
crucial Kolb’s model analysis with consideration of Bronfenbrenner’s model. The paper will also
critique Kolb’s model.
The ecological model of Bronfenbremnner and the Kolb liner theory are considered in this paper.
These models are learning styles’ examples. They have been adopted widely in different systems
of education (Martin & Fabes, 2009). Learning styles refer to consistent ways of enabling
students to respond to any stimuli during the learning process. They are the basis of cognitive,
physiological as well as effective factors which indicate the way learners perceive, interact and
respond to any form of learning. The discussion of this paper focuses on external forces that
differentiate Brofenbrenner’s model from the Kolb’s linear model. The paper also outlines the
crucial Kolb’s model analysis with consideration of Bronfenbrenner’s model. The paper will also
critique Kolb’s model.
The ecological model of Bronfenbremnner and the Kolb liner theory are considered in this paper.
These models are learning styles’ examples. They have been adopted widely in different systems
of education (Martin & Fabes, 2009). Learning styles refer to consistent ways of enabling
students to respond to any stimuli during the learning process. They are the basis of cognitive,
physiological as well as effective factors which indicate the way learners perceive, interact and
respond to any form of learning. The discussion of this paper focuses on external forces that
differentiate Brofenbrenner’s model from the Kolb’s linear model. The paper also outlines the
crucial Kolb’s model analysis with consideration of Bronfenbrenner’s model. The paper will also
critique Kolb’s model.
The effective management of people has an important bearing on organizational success. The course provides conceptual and practical skills in areas such as the strategic aspects of human resource management, manpower planning, Dynamic Role of Human Resource Management, Implementation of Human Resource Strategies and Importance of Leadership Skills.
Using Ecological System Model for Transforming Systems & People DrKathrynHudson
Working with #systems on changes to make people's lives better can be enhanced by using an #ecological system model of development. By encouraging multi-interactions across the system through distributive #leadership systems can build #sustainablechange through adaptation.
The effective management of people has an important bearing on organizational success. The course provides conceptual and practical skills in areas such as the strategic aspects of human resource management, manpower planning, Dynamic Role of Human Resource Management, Implementation of Human Resource Strategies and Importance of Leadership Skills.
Using Ecological System Model for Transforming Systems & People DrKathrynHudson
Working with #systems on changes to make people's lives better can be enhanced by using an #ecological system model of development. By encouraging multi-interactions across the system through distributive #leadership systems can build #sustainablechange through adaptation.
Assessment for Learning Essay
The Learning Process Essay
Concept of Learning Essays
Learning Behavior Essays
Learning Languages Essay
Essay on Lifelong Learning
Essay on English Language Learner
Different Learning Styles Essay
Essay on Action Learning
What Is Learning Essay
Essay on My Learning Journey so Far
psychology and learning Essay
E- Learning Essay
THINKING & INTELLIGENCE: CHAPTER 7 ASSIGNMENT (20 points)
Instructions:
Answer the following questions thoroughly in paragraph format (complete sentences).
The text discusses in detail language development among children. How could grammatical errors actually be indicative of language acquisition in children?
2.Define the term heuristic. How does the availability heuristic lead people to believe that catastrophic events, such as plane crashes, occur more frequently than they actually do?
3. Alfred Binet’s insight regarding a method of measuring mental development had an international impact in the twentieth century. Explain how Binet’s went about calculating a child’s mental abilities. What scoring system did later researchers base on Binet’s method, and how was it originally calculated?
4. Compare and contrast the benefits of the Stanford-Binet IQ test and Wechsler’s IQ tests.
5. What are the cultural implications of IQ test? What is event schemata? Explain why event schemata have so much power over human behavior.
6. What is functional fixedness and how can overcoming it help you solve problems? Similarly, how does an algorithm save you time and energy when solving a problem?
7. Describe the relationship between learning disabilities and intellectual disabilities to intelligence.
LEARNING: CHAPTER 6 ASSIGNMENT (20 points)
(10 points) Instructions: Develop a “Key Terms” for the following Assignment by defining these terms:
classical conditioning
operant conditioning
observational learning
positive reinforcement
negative reinforcement
punishment
neutral stimulus
unconditional stimulus
unconditional response
conditioned stimulus
conditioned response
(5 points) Instructions:
For each situation below, indicate whether it is an example of :
a. classical conditioning
b. operant conditioning
c. observational learning
1. Susie is a four-year-old child. One day she watches her mother vacuum the living room. Her mother comments to Susie, “Doesn’t the living room look nice now that I’ve cleaned it?” The next day, her mother finds Susie “vacuuming” the living room with her toy vacuum.
Answer:
2. You are thinking of asking the teacher for an extension on your paper. Just as you are about to go up to the teacher, another student approaches the teacher with the same request. The teacher appears angry, and very loudly and rudely turns down the student’s request for an extension. You decide not to ask for an extension.
Answer:
3. Until she was eight, Barbara liked cats. When she was eight, she was bitten through the hand by a cat as she tried to get it out from under a bed. This was an upsetting experience. Since that time, Barbara experiences anxiety whenever she is near a cat.
Answer:
4. Alison, age four, needs to learn to speak up louder in class. Her parents and teacher agree that whenever Alison speaks up loudly in class, she will get a star on her chart. Whenever she accumulates 25 stars, she will ge.
Welcome to TechSoup New Member Orientation and Q&A (May 2024).pdfTechSoup
In this webinar you will learn how your organization can access TechSoup's wide variety of product discount and donation programs. From hardware to software, we'll give you a tour of the tools available to help your nonprofit with productivity, collaboration, financial management, donor tracking, security, and more.
Unit 8 - Information and Communication Technology (Paper I).pdfThiyagu K
This slides describes the basic concepts of ICT, basics of Email, Emerging Technology and Digital Initiatives in Education. This presentations aligns with the UGC Paper I syllabus.
The Roman Empire A Historical Colossus.pdfkaushalkr1407
The Roman Empire, a vast and enduring power, stands as one of history's most remarkable civilizations, leaving an indelible imprint on the world. It emerged from the Roman Republic, transitioning into an imperial powerhouse under the leadership of Augustus Caesar in 27 BCE. This transformation marked the beginning of an era defined by unprecedented territorial expansion, architectural marvels, and profound cultural influence.
The empire's roots lie in the city of Rome, founded, according to legend, by Romulus in 753 BCE. Over centuries, Rome evolved from a small settlement to a formidable republic, characterized by a complex political system with elected officials and checks on power. However, internal strife, class conflicts, and military ambitions paved the way for the end of the Republic. Julius Caesar’s dictatorship and subsequent assassination in 44 BCE created a power vacuum, leading to a civil war. Octavian, later Augustus, emerged victorious, heralding the Roman Empire’s birth.
Under Augustus, the empire experienced the Pax Romana, a 200-year period of relative peace and stability. Augustus reformed the military, established efficient administrative systems, and initiated grand construction projects. The empire's borders expanded, encompassing territories from Britain to Egypt and from Spain to the Euphrates. Roman legions, renowned for their discipline and engineering prowess, secured and maintained these vast territories, building roads, fortifications, and cities that facilitated control and integration.
The Roman Empire’s society was hierarchical, with a rigid class system. At the top were the patricians, wealthy elites who held significant political power. Below them were the plebeians, free citizens with limited political influence, and the vast numbers of slaves who formed the backbone of the economy. The family unit was central, governed by the paterfamilias, the male head who held absolute authority.
Culturally, the Romans were eclectic, absorbing and adapting elements from the civilizations they encountered, particularly the Greeks. Roman art, literature, and philosophy reflected this synthesis, creating a rich cultural tapestry. Latin, the Roman language, became the lingua franca of the Western world, influencing numerous modern languages.
Roman architecture and engineering achievements were monumental. They perfected the arch, vault, and dome, constructing enduring structures like the Colosseum, Pantheon, and aqueducts. These engineering marvels not only showcased Roman ingenuity but also served practical purposes, from public entertainment to water supply.
Palestine last event orientationfvgnh .pptxRaedMohamed3
An EFL lesson about the current events in Palestine. It is intended to be for intermediate students who wish to increase their listening skills through a short lesson in power point.
Operation “Blue Star” is the only event in the history of Independent India where the state went into war with its own people. Even after about 40 years it is not clear if it was culmination of states anger over people of the region, a political game of power or start of dictatorial chapter in the democratic setup.
The people of Punjab felt alienated from main stream due to denial of their just demands during a long democratic struggle since independence. As it happen all over the word, it led to militant struggle with great loss of lives of military, police and civilian personnel. Killing of Indira Gandhi and massacre of innocent Sikhs in Delhi and other India cities was also associated with this movement.
June 3, 2024 Anti-Semitism Letter Sent to MIT President Kornbluth and MIT Cor...Levi Shapiro
Letter from the Congress of the United States regarding Anti-Semitism sent June 3rd to MIT President Sally Kornbluth, MIT Corp Chair, Mark Gorenberg
Dear Dr. Kornbluth and Mr. Gorenberg,
The US House of Representatives is deeply concerned by ongoing and pervasive acts of antisemitic
harassment and intimidation at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). Failing to act decisively to ensure a safe learning environment for all students would be a grave dereliction of your responsibilities as President of MIT and Chair of the MIT Corporation.
This Congress will not stand idly by and allow an environment hostile to Jewish students to persist. The House believes that your institution is in violation of Title VI of the Civil Rights Act, and the inability or
unwillingness to rectify this violation through action requires accountability.
Postsecondary education is a unique opportunity for students to learn and have their ideas and beliefs challenged. However, universities receiving hundreds of millions of federal funds annually have denied
students that opportunity and have been hijacked to become venues for the promotion of terrorism, antisemitic harassment and intimidation, unlawful encampments, and in some cases, assaults and riots.
The House of Representatives will not countenance the use of federal funds to indoctrinate students into hateful, antisemitic, anti-American supporters of terrorism. Investigations into campus antisemitism by the Committee on Education and the Workforce and the Committee on Ways and Means have been expanded into a Congress-wide probe across all relevant jurisdictions to address this national crisis. The undersigned Committees will conduct oversight into the use of federal funds at MIT and its learning environment under authorities granted to each Committee.
• The Committee on Education and the Workforce has been investigating your institution since December 7, 2023. The Committee has broad jurisdiction over postsecondary education, including its compliance with Title VI of the Civil Rights Act, campus safety concerns over disruptions to the learning environment, and the awarding of federal student aid under the Higher Education Act.
• The Committee on Oversight and Accountability is investigating the sources of funding and other support flowing to groups espousing pro-Hamas propaganda and engaged in antisemitic harassment and intimidation of students. The Committee on Oversight and Accountability is the principal oversight committee of the US House of Representatives and has broad authority to investigate “any matter” at “any time” under House Rule X.
• The Committee on Ways and Means has been investigating several universities since November 15, 2023, when the Committee held a hearing entitled From Ivory Towers to Dark Corners: Investigating the Nexus Between Antisemitism, Tax-Exempt Universities, and Terror Financing. The Committee followed the hearing with letters to those institutions on January 10, 202
Honest Reviews of Tim Han LMA Course Program.pptxtimhan337
Personal development courses are widely available today, with each one promising life-changing outcomes. Tim Han’s Life Mastery Achievers (LMA) Course has drawn a lot of interest. In addition to offering my frank assessment of Success Insider’s LMA Course, this piece examines the course’s effects via a variety of Tim Han LMA course reviews and Success Insider comments.
Read| The latest issue of The Challenger is here! We are thrilled to announce that our school paper has qualified for the NATIONAL SCHOOLS PRESS CONFERENCE (NSPC) 2024. Thank you for your unwavering support and trust. Dive into the stories that made us stand out!
Introduction to AI for Nonprofits with Tapp NetworkTechSoup
Dive into the world of AI! Experts Jon Hill and Tareq Monaur will guide you through AI's role in enhancing nonprofit websites and basic marketing strategies, making it easy to understand and apply.
Instructions for Submissions thorugh G- Classroom.pptxJheel Barad
This presentation provides a briefing on how to upload submissions and documents in Google Classroom. It was prepared as part of an orientation for new Sainik School in-service teacher trainees. As a training officer, my goal is to ensure that you are comfortable and proficient with this essential tool for managing assignments and fostering student engagement.
A Strategic Approach: GenAI in EducationPeter Windle
Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies such as Generative AI, Image Generators and Large Language Models have had a dramatic impact on teaching, learning and assessment over the past 18 months. The most immediate threat AI posed was to Academic Integrity with Higher Education Institutes (HEIs) focusing their efforts on combating the use of GenAI in assessment. Guidelines were developed for staff and students, policies put in place too. Innovative educators have forged paths in the use of Generative AI for teaching, learning and assessments leading to pockets of transformation springing up across HEIs, often with little or no top-down guidance, support or direction.
This Gasta posits a strategic approach to integrating AI into HEIs to prepare staff, students and the curriculum for an evolving world and workplace. We will highlight the advantages of working with these technologies beyond the realm of teaching, learning and assessment by considering prompt engineering skills, industry impact, curriculum changes, and the need for staff upskilling. In contrast, not engaging strategically with Generative AI poses risks, including falling behind peers, missed opportunities and failing to ensure our graduates remain employable. The rapid evolution of AI technologies necessitates a proactive and strategic approach if we are to remain relevant.
Francesca Gottschalk - How can education support child empowerment.pptxEduSkills OECD
Francesca Gottschalk from the OECD’s Centre for Educational Research and Innovation presents at the Ask an Expert Webinar: How can education support child empowerment?
7. The better scenario for Scene 1: Andy: (recalling Ms Wong throwing a book at him the previous week) Andy: (thinking to himself) I should try and score higher for the next test so Miss Wong will not think that I am useless.
8.
9. The better scenario for Scene 2: Ms Wong: Andy, you did not finish your corrections before handing in your Science book to me. May I know the reason? Andy: I’m sorry, Ms Wong. It’s just that, I am not too sure of how to do them. No one else would help me. Ms Wong: How about you stay back for a short while during recess. We will go through them together. Andy: Ok, Ms Wong.
20. Ms Wong: Yes, Andy. Please read up your Science chapter and practice the questions. I know you can do this! I have confidence in you. Andy: *Sighs* Another Science test? The better scenario for Scene 3: Andy: Thank you Ms Wong. (Yes. Ms Wong said I can do this! I will study hard for this test.)
21.
22. The better scenario for Scene 3: Bee Choo: Hey Andy, how did you do for your Spelling? Andy: *Sighs* Not good at all. I’m lousy in Science, and Spelling too. Bee Choo: Don’t say that. You just need a bit more practice, that’s all. Need my help in Science? We can revise our Spelling together too for next week! Andy: I’d like that! Thanks Bee Choo.
23. From Scene 3: Ahmad approached Andy to play soccer even though there was a test the next day. This shows that Ahmad could not care much about the test. Ahmad asked, "Andy, do you want to play soccer with us? … … “ Huh, revise later, what if I fail again?” Andy queried. “ Never mind lah, won’t fail one lah” Ahmad responded confidently. With his peers being quite disruptive, it only adds to the decline in his grades. Andy: Hey Ahmad! I’m doing my revision at home. Remember we have a Science test tomorrow? Ahmad: Hello Andy, What are you doing at home? The better scenario for Scene 4: Ahmad: Orh... I thought we could play soccer together. But it’s fine. What about I go to your house and we can study together? Andy: That will be a good idea. Don’t forget to bring your Science textbook. See you soon Ahmad!
24.
25. From Scene 3: Ahmad approached Andy to play soccer even though there was a test the next day. This shows that Ahmad could not care much about the test. Ahmad asked, "Andy, do you want to play soccer with us? … … “ Huh, revise later, what if I fail again?” Andy queried. “ Never mind lah, won’t fail one lah” Ahmad responded confidently. With his peers being quite disruptive, it only adds to the decline in his grades. Andy: I’m not sad. I’m just disappointed with myself. I studied but I still did not do well. Ahmad: Andy, Don’t‘ be sad about your results. The better scenario for Scene 5: Ahmad: Don’t regret . Whatever it is, you still have some time to show that you still can do well. Trust yourself, buddy. Andy: Thanks Ahmad for your encouragement!
26.
27.
28.
29. The better scenario for Scene 5: Ms Wong: Alright class, I have the results of the Science test with me now. I’d like to congratulate Bee Choo as she did very well for this test. Andy: *Claps* Ms Wong: Andy, I see that you have placed more effort in your test. Although there is room for improvement, keep it up! Andy: Thank you, Ms Wong. I will try even harder next time.
Instead of being affected and discouraged by his peers remarks, Andy could turn them into a motivation for himself, that might help build his self-confidence.
The teacher should not criticize the student especially not in front of the other students thus bringing about a sense of guilt and inferiority in him. Instead the teacher should encourage him and give him constructive ideas on how to improve. She should also teach the 'Water Cycle' using explanations and examples from everyday events instead of making them recite the 'Water Cycle' repeatedly.
In this case, I would suggest that the students surround himself with positive peers who would provide emotional support and a sense of identity for him therefore making the student have a feeling of belonging.
Humanistic perspective of motivation – Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs Abraham Maslow believes that certain basic needs must be met before higher needs can be satisfied. The hierarchy of needs (in regards to Andy's life) is as follows: Physiological Andy’s basic needs are met His father is working His mother is a house wife. He has a roof over his head and has the necessities for living. Safety Andy is in a protected environment whereby there is no war and relatively low crime. He does not need to think about his survival as compared to people in third world countries.
Humanistic perspective of motivation – Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs Abraham Maslow believes that certain basic needs must be met before higher needs can be satisfied. The hierarchy of needs (in regards to Andy's life) is as follows: Physiological Andy’s basic needs are met His father is working His mother is a house wife. He has a roof over his head and has the necessities for living. Safety Andy is in a protected environment whereby there is no war and relatively low crime. He does not need to think about his survival as compared to people in third world countries.
Humanistic perspective of motivation – Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs Abraham Maslow believes that certain basic needs must be met before higher needs can be satisfied. The hierarchy of needs (in regards to Andy's life) is as follows: Physiological Andy’s basic needs are met His father is working His mother is a house wife. He has a roof over his head and has the necessities for living. Safety Andy is in a protected environment whereby there is no war and relatively low crime. He does not need to think about his survival as compared to people in third world countries.
Humanistic perspective of motivation – Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs Abraham Maslow believes that certain basic needs must be met before higher needs can be satisfied. The hierarchy of needs (in regards to Andy's life) is as follows: Physiological Andy’s basic needs are met His father is working His mother is a house wife. He has a roof over his head and has the necessities for living. Safety Andy is in a protected environment whereby there is no war and relatively low crime. He does not need to think about his survival as compared to people in third world countries.
Upon hearing this, Bee Chu turned around and sneered at Andy, her voice booming, “Yah! You are going to fail!” Andy felt a surge of anger welling inside him as he shouted at Bee Chu, “You shut your mouth up!” Ms Wong glared angrily at Andy, “That is so rude of you Andy!” Andy wondered to himself, “What did I do wrong this time? Didn't you also use those same words just now?“
“ You shut up! You think you are so smart!” Ahmad shouted.
Ahmad approached Andy to play soccer even though there was a test the next day. This shows that Ahmad could not care much about the test. Ahmad asked, "Andy, do you want to play soccer with us? … … “ Huh, revise later, what if I fail again?” Andy queried. “ Never mind lah, won’t fail one lah” Ahmad responded confidently. With his peers being quite disruptive, it only adds to the decline in his grades.
Ahmad sidled up to Andy, “I thought you were studying, you didn’t join us for soccer.” Andy replied, “I spent so much time learning the water cycle but I couldn’t remember anything when I sat for the test. Even though I know the different states of matter, I don’t even know what Ms Wong is asking for … Aiyah, I should have played soccer with you guys huh, after all, I still failed!”
For Andy in this scenario, Andy is struggling with persevering in his studies as the challenges he faces prevents him from having a sense of competence. Not being able to meet up with the standards as compared to his classmates causes him to have feelings of inferiority. As he is 'labelled' a failure, there is little eagerness to engage in productive work. He tried to study for his test but that does not necessary mean productive studying. With the lack of ability to cope with issues, In this stage of Erikson's Stages of Psycosocial Development, Andy is more inclined towards inferiority than industry.
Reinforcers and Reinforcement To reinforce behavior means to strengthen the behavior. There are two forms of reinforcement i.e positive reinforcement and negative reinforcement. Positive reinforcement The frequency of a response increases because it is followed by a rewarding stimulus eg: A teacher’s positive comment Negative reinforcement The frequency of a response increases because it is followed by the removal of an unpleasant stimulus. E.g a father nags at his son to do homework. He keeps nagging. Finally, the son gets tired of hearing the nagging and does his homework.
5. Use Negative Reinforcement Effectively For example: Thomas you have to stay in your seat and finish your writing before you join the other students in making a poster Using negative reinforcement has some drawbacks. Sometimes when teachers try to use this behavioral strategy, children throw a tantrum.
