1. Topi
Course - AGR- 404 (0+4)
Guided by- Asst. Prof. Pramod Lawate
- Asst. Prof. Savita Devangan
B.Sc.(Ag.) 4th Yr., INSTITUTE OF AGRICULTURE SCIENCES, BHU
Submitted by- Sudarshana Ranjan
Id no - 14037
Topic- System Of Rice Intensification
2. Introduction
SRI at present being in practice in countries viz., Cambodia, Indonesia, Laos,
Myanmar, Philippine, Thailand, Vietnam, Bangladesh, China, India, Nepal, Sri
Lanka, Gambia, Madagascar, Mozambique, Sierra Leone, Ghana, Benin, Barbados,
Brazil, Cuba, Guyana, Peru and USA.
The System of Rice Intensification (SRI) is a methodology aimed at increasing
the yield of Rice produced in farming.
low water, requirement
Less labour-intensive
Developed in 1983 by the French Jesuit Father Henri de Laulanié in Madagascar
5. Method
It is just altering the management practices to make more productive
phenotype from the same genotype of rice plant.
6. a) Selection of site
centre / corner of the plot for quick / efficient transplanting.
• (b) Size of bed
Raising nursery
7. A bed with a width of 125 cm or 4 ft is ideal.
Accordingly to one’s convenience either a
single bed or several small beds (4 beds
measuring 4 X 28 ft or 1.25 X 8 m each, Fig-1)
can be prepared.
To drain excess water, appropriate channels
should be provided on all sides by making
drainage cum irrigation channels (0.5-1 ft
width).
8. (c) Bed Preparation
Prepare 100 m2 nurseries to plant 1 ha.
Select a levelled area near the water source
Spread a plastic sheet or used polythene gunny bags on the shallow raised bed to
prevent roots growing deep into soil.
9. 2 kg of seeds (5 kg / ha) is required to transplant in one acre of land.
Seed should be thinly spread to avoid crowding of seedlings.
(d) Seed Rate-
10. Soak the seeds for 12 hours in water.
Drain the water and treat the seed with bavistin
(2 gm / kg seed) or Trichoderma (3 gm / kg seed)
or streptocyclin (1gm / kg of seeds).
• (e) Seed Treatment-
Leave it for 24 hours.
Sprouted seeds are taken .
Divide the seed into four part
Broadcast thinly over the bed
Broadcast seeds in the evening.
11. Cover the bed without from direct
exposure to the sun and also to ensure
protection from birds.
Depending upon requirement, apply
water with rose cans twice daily.
Remove the straw once seeds
germinate.
• (f) Mulching-
12. Method of transplanting
Single seedling of 15 days old.
Square planting of 25 x 25 cm/ 20 x 20cm.
Fill up the gaps between 7th and 10th DAT.
Transplant within 30 minutes of pulling out of
seedlings.
There may be difficulty in crop establishment in
areas with heavy downpour (North East Monsoon
periods of Tamil Nadu.)
13. Nutrient Management
Time of application is decided by LCC score
Take observations from 14 DAT in transplanted rice or 21 DAS in direct seeded rice.
Repeat the observations at weekly intervals up to heading
Match the leaf colour chart during morning hours with the colours in the (8-10 am).
Take observation in 10 places.
LCC critical value is 3.0 in low N response cultures like White Ponni and 4.0 in other
cultivars and hybrids.
N can be applied @ 35kg N/ha in dry season and 30kg N/ha in wet season per application
per ha.
14. Apply second dose (25 per cent ) of N at the time of 2nd weeding (20 DAT) and final
dose of 25 per cent N and remaining 25 per cent K a week before panicle initiation
stage.
Green manure and farm yard manure application will enhance the growth and yield of
rice in this system approach.
Spraying fertilizer solution (optional): If seedling growth is slow, sprinkle 0.5% urea +
0.5% zinc sulfate solution at 8-10 DAS.
15. Irrigation only to moist the soil in the early period of 10 days.
Restoring irrigation to a maximum depth of 2.5cm after development of hairline
cracks in the soil until panicle initiation
Increasing irrigation depth to 5.0cm after PI one day after disappearance of
ponded water.
16. Using Cono weeder for weeding.
Moving the weeder with forward and backward
motion to bury the weeds and as well to aerate
the soil at 7-10 days interval from 10-15 days
after planting on either direction of the rows and
column.
Manual weeding is also essential to remove the
weeds closer to rice root zone.
17. Method of harvesting
The crop attained maturity earlier by ten”
SRI paddy :- 110 days
Traditional paddy :- 120 days
The expenditure incurred was same in SRI
paddy as well as in Traditional paddy
cultivation methods for crop harvesting
which was Rs.2500 per acre.
18. Source-IAAE conference paper on SRI
Sl no. Particular Conventional SRI
Quantity
(tones/ha)
Price
(Rs/ha)
Value
(Rs/ha)
Quantity
(tones/ha)
Price
(Rs/ha)
Value
(Rs/ha)
Kharif season
1. Main product 5.23 9125.43 47726 6.47 9349.47 60491
2. By product 3.77 450.17 1697 5.17 683.69 3545
3. Total 49423 64036
Rabi season
1. Main product 6.39 9265.80 590208 8.31 9665.20 80320
2. By product 4.53 472.65 2141 6.29 635.20 3995
3. Total 61350 84316
Table1: Paddy output in kharif and Rabi season
19. Yield and cost of cultivation-
The yield differences :-
SRI method - 40-50 bags per acre
Traditional method - 30-35 bags per acre
one bunch of paddy panicles of BPT Sona
SRI paddy :- 8000-10000 grains,
Traditional method :- 4000-4500 grains
The cost, expenditure and return of SRI paddy
and Traditional paddy cultivation of sample
farmers are given in the table as shown below.
SRI NON SRI
20. Table 2: Cost - return structure in paddy cultivation (Rs /ha)
Particulars
Kharif Rabi
Conventional
Method
SRI
method
Conventional
method
SRI
method
Total cost 39493 40627 44853 43862
Total returns 49423 64036 61350 84316
Total returns per
rupee of total
cost
1.25 1.58 1.37 1.92
Source- International Agriculture Association Confrence paper on sri
21. Management practice(0.82)
Water availability (0.78)
Skilled labour(0.69)
Machine and tool(0.68)
Lack of guidance from department officials(0.55)
Non availability of cash or credit(0.52)
Non availability of pesticides(0.52)
Constraints….
22. SL.NO Particulars Coffiecient Rank
1
Difficult to do
management practices 0.81 1
2
Lack of water
availability
0.78 2
3
Non availability of
skilled labour
0.69 3
4
Non availability of
machines and tools
0.68 4
5
Lack of cooperation
from neighbour farmers
0.65 5
6
Lack of guidance from
department officials
0.55 6
7
Lack of confidence in
taking new technique
0.53 7
8
Non availability of
pesticides
0.52 8
9 Non availability of cash
or credit
0.52 9
Source-IAAE conference paper on SRI
Table 3: Estimates of relevance ranking for constraint analysis in SRI method
23. Conclusion
Less resource use
Profitablity high in SRI than conventional method
Technical and allocative efficiency high.
Appropriate interventions like empowering farmers through training and
demonstrations with proper guidance from extension personals has to be made for
larger adoption in the study area.
In conventional method excess water use comparison to SRI method ,
Conventional method SRI Method
NO: Seedlings per clump 4 1
NO: Tillers per seedling 8.3 55
NO : Seeds per tiller 114 189
NO: Seeds per plant 824 5858
Comparision between Conventional and SRI
