A system is an organized grouping of interdependent components that work together to achieve a common objective. Key characteristics of systems include being organized, having interacting components, and prioritizing overall objectives over individual parts. There are various types of systems like dynamic, static, open, and closed systems. An information system uses hardware, software, networks and data to collect, process and distribute information within an organization to support business operations and managerial decision making. It involves input, processing, output, storage and control of data and information.

1. SYSTEM

2. SYSTEM
 Derived from Greek word 'Systema'.
 Means an organised relationship among
functional units or components.
 A group of interdependent items that
interact regularly to perform a task.
 A computer system refers to the hardware
and software components that run a
computer or computers.

3. Definition
 A system is an orderly grouping of
interdependent components linked together
according to a plan to achieve a specific
objective.
 System has 3 basic implications
- A predetermined objective
- Interelationship and interdependence
among the components.
- Objectives of the organisation have a higher
priority than that of components.

4. SYSTEM
Input Output
Processing

5. Characteristics of a system
 Organised : Well structured arrangement of
components
 Interaction:Manner in which each
component interact with each other
 Interdependence:Dependence of one
subsystem on one or more subsystems
 Integration: Functional integrity of the
subcomponents and the system as a whole
 Central Objective:Goal of the organization

6. Elements of a system
•
Inputs and Outputs
•
Constraint
•
Processors
•
Control
•
Feedback
•
Environment
•
Boundaries and Interface

7. Types of System
 A dynamic system is a system that is
constantly changing, like the human body
system.
 A static system is a system in which there
is no change, like the solar system.
 Dynamic systems tend to become static or
attain a state of equilibrium.
 e.g. if a car is assumed to be a dynamic
system, then it requires fuel to continue
moving forward or else it would come to a
stop and become static.

8. Open Systems
 Interaction across boundaries
 Recieves and delivers input and output to the outside
world.
 Adapts the changing demands of the user.

9. Characteristics of open systems
•
Input from outside
•
Entropy
Process output to outside world
Equifinality

10. CLOSED SYSTEM
Isolated from environmental influences
Completely closed system is rare

11. Logical and Physical system
description
Logical system description
Description of a system that focuses on the system
function and purpose without regard to how the
system will physically implemented
Physical system description
Description of a system that focuses on the how
the system will be materially constructed

12. INFORMATION SYSTEMS
Information system is an organised
combination of people, hardware,software,
communication, networks and data
resources that collects, transforms and
disseminates information in an organisation.

13. COMPONENTS OF INFORMATION
SYSTEMS
DATA
PEOPLE
HARDWARE
SOFTWARE
NETWORKS

15. TYPES OF INFORMATION SYSTEM
FORMAL INFORMATION SYSTEM
INFORMAL INFORMATION SYSTEM
COMPUTER BASED INFORMATION
SYSTEM

16. FORMAL INFORMATION SYSTEM
Based on an organisation chart
There will be a pattern of authority,
communication and work flow.
Information is in the form of reports,
instructions, memos.

17. INFORMAL INFORMATION
SYSTEM
•
Designed to achieve company goal
•
Employee based system

18. COMPUTER BASED SYSTEM
Depends on computer system for business
handling and problem solving
Structured problem -Definite format, definite
solution

19. ROLE OF INFORMATION SYSTEM
Support of business operations
Support of managerial decision making
Support of Strategic competitive advantage

20. INFORMATION SYSTEM
ACTIVITIES
Input of data resources
Data entry activities
Recording and editing of data
Processing of data into information
Calculating, comparing, sorting, classifying,
summarizing
Output of information products
In the form of messages,reports,forms, graphs
etc

21. Storage of data resources
Basic system component of information
systems.
Stored data in the form of records, files
databases .
Control of System performance
Monitoring and evaluating the feedback.