1. Professional learning conversations among teachers are most effective when they have clarity, safety, and equity. Setting group agreements at the start helps establish these qualities. 2. Informal learning through collaboration with colleagues, such as discussions in the staff room, has a strong influence on improving teacher practice. 3. Isolating in the classroom can cause teachers to rely only on how they were taught as students; networks of support from other teachers are more effective than top-down hierarchies for ongoing professional learning.