This document discusses various sampling techniques used in survey research. It covers probability sampling methods like simple random sampling, systematic random sampling, stratified sampling, cluster sampling, multistage sampling, and probability proportionate to size sampling. It also discusses non-probability sampling techniques like purposive sampling, snowball sampling, deviant case sampling, sequential sampling, and theoretical sampling. The document contrasts quantitative and qualitative survey methods and covers concepts like sampling frames, population parameters, point and interval estimation, and determining minimum sample sizes.

1. SURVEY SAMPLING
TECHNIQUES
SAY 701
Survey Research Methodology
Institute of Population Studies
Hacettepe University
By
Abdirahman S. Mohamed

2. CONCEPTS

3. WHY SAMPLING SURVEY

4. CHARACTERISTICS OF
SAMPLING

5. SAMPLING IN THE
SURVEY PROCESS
Implementing
Designing

7. Sample
Frame
Target
Population

8. CONSIDERATIONS OF
SAMPLING SELECTION

9. Probability of selection=
𝒏
𝑵
Non-zero and known
probability of being
selected into the
sample
Probability
Sampling

10. PROBABILITY SAMPLING
Simple random
sample
 Creating sapling frame
 Creating random
numbers
 With
replacement/without
replacement
Systematic random
sampling
 Very similar to simple
random sampling
 Sampling interval
 Fails in organized
populations
Sampling interval =
𝐍
𝐧
Stratified Sampling  Dividing population into
sub-population (strata)
 Controlling the relative
size of each sub-
population (stratum)
 Adopting either simple
or systematic sampling
for selecting elements.
Cluster sampling  Addresses lack of good
sampling frame and
 High cost to reach
sampled elements

11. PROBABILITY SAMPLING
Multistage Sampling  Type of selection
procedure
 Sampling design
involves multiple
stages(levels) and
clusters.
Probability
proportionate to size
(PPS)
 One way to draw
cluster/stratified
samples
 Is used when
clusters/strata do not
have same number of
sampling elements (size)

12. NON-PROBABILITY SAMPLING
Purposive sampling
(Judgmental)
 valuable in exploratory
and field research
 Relies on prior specific
purpose in mind.
 Inappropriate in
representation
Snowball sampling  Appropriate in studying
interconnected societies
or network societies.
 It starts with few people
and spreads out
Deviant case sampling  It is used to study cases
that differ from the
general pattern or
characteristic
 The target is to place
unusual cases .
Sequential sampling  Similar to purposive
sampling
 Reaching as many
relevant cases as
possible
Theoretical Sampling  Sample selection is
entirely guided by the
emerging theory


13. QUANTITATIVE
SURVEY
QUALITATIVE
SURVEY
 Exploratory
 Understanding
 Descriptive
 Explanatory
Mainly uses
Non-probability
sampling
Mainly uses
probability
random sampling

14. ESTIMATION
Point Estimation
SAMPLE
POPULATION
Let’s say that the average age at first
marriage of a particular population
e.g. 27 years old. This form of
average is a point estimate of that
population average age at first
marriage.

15. INTERVAL ESTIMATION
𝐗 ± 𝐙 𝛂/𝟐
𝛔
𝐧
𝛂/𝟐𝛂/𝟐
𝐏 ± 𝐙 𝛂/𝟐
𝐩 𝐪
𝐧
If our previous example takes the following
form 26.4 < 𝝁 > 𝟐𝟕. 𝟔 Then, it was
produced using the interval estimation and
by constructing confidence intervals which
is a range where 𝝁 may fall in the range.

16. SAMPLE SIZE
DETERMINANTS

17. MINIMUM SAMPLE SIZE FOR
INTERVAL ESTIMATE OF A
POPULATION
For mean
𝒏 =
𝐙 𝛂/𝟐 .𝝈
𝑬
𝟐
For proportion
n= 𝒑 𝒒
𝐙 𝛂/𝟐
𝑬
𝟐
Correction formula
𝒏 =
𝒏 𝟎
𝟏 +
𝒏 𝟎 − 𝟏
𝑵

18. Bibliograph
1. Bluman G. Allan (2004). Elementary statistics: Step by
step approach (5th ed.). New york, USA. The
McGrow Hill companies.
2. Glasow A. Priscilla (2005). Fundamentals of survey
research methodology. Washington, USA.
MITRE PRODUCT.
3. Newman L.W. (2014). Social research methods:
Qualitative and quantitative approaches (7th ed.).
USA. Pearson Education limited.
4. Retzer F. karen. (2003). Introduction to survey
sampling: Survery research laboratory.
University of Illinois at Chicago. www.srl.uic.edu

19. Bibliography
5. Kraemer, K. L. (1991). Introduction. Paper
presented at The Information Systems
Research Challenge: Survey Research
Methods.