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VOTERS' EVALUATION OF
(CONTRA-) PROTOTYPICAL
CANDIDATES
METHOD
An online survey experiment was
designed in which hypothetical
candidates were presented to
respondents in written messages in
which their sex, some biographical
information and their policy position on
a number of issues were included. The
experiment design applied here allows
for more nuance of real-world elections
to enter the experimental environment
by presenting candidates with an
outspoken policy position in contrast to
the rather centrist and vague policy
positions used in previous work.
MAIN FINDINGS
Respondents do not distinguish between
male and female candidates presenting
similar policy positions. Respondents are
also found to primarily base their
evaluation of the presented candidates
on the extent to which they agree with
the presented policy positions, rather
than on their gender. In addition, we also
found that female candidates can
overcome some of the disadvantages
they experience in the area of issue
competence stereotypes by highlighting
their specific policy positions.
This study illustrates that information
imbalances potentially have important
electoral consequences for women’s
representation as the availability of
information about candidates’ policy
positions is found to trump the effect of
the candidate gender cue.
An experimental test of the interaction
of candidate gender and policy position
cues in Flanders (Belgium)
Robin Devroe - GASPAR (Ghent University)
RESEARCH QUESTIONS
Does the inclusion of policy information
affects the prevalence of issue
competence stereotyping, the most
persistent form of political gender
stereotypes? And is this effect
moderated by the content and the
ideological orientation of the presented
policy positions?
THEORETICAL BACKGROUND
The literature on candidate
characteristics and voter evaluations
describes candidate gender as a low-
information heuristic, primarily used
when other, policy or candidate,
information is absent. When other
information is presented, different
information cues interact with each
other and help voters to form coherent
impressions about political candidates.
CONCLUSIONS

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Summary

  • 1. VOTERS' EVALUATION OF (CONTRA-) PROTOTYPICAL CANDIDATES METHOD An online survey experiment was designed in which hypothetical candidates were presented to respondents in written messages in which their sex, some biographical information and their policy position on a number of issues were included. The experiment design applied here allows for more nuance of real-world elections to enter the experimental environment by presenting candidates with an outspoken policy position in contrast to the rather centrist and vague policy positions used in previous work. MAIN FINDINGS Respondents do not distinguish between male and female candidates presenting similar policy positions. Respondents are also found to primarily base their evaluation of the presented candidates on the extent to which they agree with the presented policy positions, rather than on their gender. In addition, we also found that female candidates can overcome some of the disadvantages they experience in the area of issue competence stereotypes by highlighting their specific policy positions. This study illustrates that information imbalances potentially have important electoral consequences for women’s representation as the availability of information about candidates’ policy positions is found to trump the effect of the candidate gender cue. An experimental test of the interaction of candidate gender and policy position cues in Flanders (Belgium) Robin Devroe - GASPAR (Ghent University) RESEARCH QUESTIONS Does the inclusion of policy information affects the prevalence of issue competence stereotyping, the most persistent form of political gender stereotypes? And is this effect moderated by the content and the ideological orientation of the presented policy positions? THEORETICAL BACKGROUND The literature on candidate characteristics and voter evaluations describes candidate gender as a low- information heuristic, primarily used when other, policy or candidate, information is absent. When other information is presented, different information cues interact with each other and help voters to form coherent impressions about political candidates. CONCLUSIONS