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Suburbs sprawl and_edge_cities
- 1. 1 What do youthink these dots represent?
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- 3. Suburbs, Sprawl &Edge Cities oh my!
- 4. 4 History of theSuburbs • Suburbanization – movement of upper & middle-class from urban cores to outskirts; life & landscape are in much closer adjustment than inner city – Tied to transportation technology – And federal subsidies
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- 9. 9 Urban Realms Model •Urban realms – self-sufficient suburban sectors (focused on their own independent CBD)
- 10. 10 Urban Realms (andEdge Cities) of Los Angeles
- 11. 11 Growth of Suburbs •Residential land uses –Escaping urban ills, spreading out • Retail followed the market • Industry followed the employees –More space, new buildings –Good transportation access
- 12. 12 3 Waves ofSuburbanization 1. Suburbanization after WWII 2. Malling of US (moving marketplace to suburbs in 1960s & 70s) 3. Edge cities (moving jobs to suburbs in 1980s & 90s)
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- 15. 15 What is UrbanSprawl? • unrestricted growth in many American urban areas of housing, commercial development, and roads over large expanses of land, with little concern for urban planning
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- 19. 19 Edge Cities • Edgecities – Sub-centers instead of CBD – “Shadow governments” • Edge cities have extensive office & retail space, few residential buildings (not cities 30 years ago) • Refocusing of commuting on suburb-to- suburb and city-to-suburb "reverse commuting" • Examples: Tysons Corner, VA
- 20. 20 Edge Cities arecharacterized by: a. Shopping malls b. High-tech light manufacturing c. Corporate headquarters d. White-collar firms e. Entertainment and hotel complexes f. Airport complexes g. Frequently located at intersections of major freeways
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- 22. 22 Suburbs and Innercities • Suburban residents and jobs came from somewhere • Growth now limited to suburbs • Segregation by class, race • Falling tax income, rising service needs • Spatial mismatch: jobs moved, poor didn’t – But agglomeration still matters – And immigrants still arrive in cities • Increasing redevelopment of downtowns (i.e. gentrification)
- 23. 23 – 90’s: 1stdecade since WWII that inner cities have grown; still problem-ridden zones – loss of tax revenues (from residents moving to suburbs) – Gentrification – rehabilitation of inner city housing w/ favorable locations to CBD & employment – Commercialization – e.g. “River Front”; attracts tourism & business, but NOT permanent residents Urban America
- 24. Urban Sprawl Scenario •A small town was established in the late 19th century. It was located about twenty-five miles from a major city. Since the trip to the city was too long for people to make on a daily basis, the town was self-sufficient and did not consider itself a suburb. • With the opening of a freeway between this town and the city in the 1960s, some people began to use the town as a "bedroom community." Within the last decade, the town has experienced a huge influx of people from the central city and other suburbs. Many new subdivisions have been developed, along with shopping malls and "business parks." 24 TASK – USE THE WHITEBOARDS TO SKETCH THIS TOWN AS YOU THINK IT WOULD LOOK TODAY.
- 25. Writing Prompt The suburband its sprawling counterpart affect the environment, people's daily lives, and the local and regional economy – What allures people to the suburbs? Why? – What can be some negatives of suburban life? Explain 25