The Burgess Model or Concentric Zone Theory proposes that a city is organized into concentric semi-circular zones radiating out from the Central Business District. The innermost zone is used for commercial purposes and has the highest land values. The next zone is industrial and residential and sees more turnover of residents. The outer zones are exclusively residential, with higher income households living farther from the city center. This model was developed in the 1920s to explain socioeconomic divides and the relationship between status and distance from the urban core.

1. Burgess Model
Concentric Zone Theory
 Mohd Nor Hafiz 240106
 Syed Muhamad Amzani 239284

2.  Developed in 1920’s by Ernest Burgess.
 This model base on Chicago’s city layout.
 To explain about the socioeconomic divides in urban
area & rural area.
 To show about the correlation between socioeconomic
status and the distance from Central Business District.
 Also about the house segregated according to income.
 To explain the lack of transport infrastructure.
Concentric Zone Theory

4. Central Bossiness District
(CBD)A
 Non- residential centre for business.
 Emphasis on business and commerce.
 CBD is the commercial centre of the city.
 Including shops, offices, transport routes
centres and entertainment facilities.
 An area of high land value with much
competition for space.
 Very high density building to make the most
of space.

5. B Zone of Transition
 “ least desirable place to live in the city ”
 This zone have a old house and infrastructure.
 High crime rate.
 High rate of people moving in and moving out.
 Have a light manufacturing.

6. Residential (Lower Class)
C
 Have a terraced house and high rise flat for the
factory workers.
 This area have potential to be run down unless
housing has been redeveloped.
 This area usually have economic and social
problem.
 Have some facilities such as corner shop.

7. D Residential (Middle Class)
 Housing for this area usually large in size and
with garden, often Semi-D.
 Some facilities like parks and rows of shop
may exist as more new houses and amenities
area built based a growing population.
 Have well educate for community for this area.
 The land in this area is more cheaper.

8. Residential (Upper Class)
E
 This is the outermost area and farthest from
the CBD, this resulted in highest commuting
cost when compared with other zones.
 Significant commuting cost gave the name
“commuter zone” to this part.
 People living in this part were high income
groups, which could afford large houses,
could pay commuting charges, had access to
different transportation mode enjoy modern
facilities like shopping malls.
 The characteristics of this zone such as Low
rise development, large gardens, less
population

9. CZT model from another side

10. Conclusion
 Burgess model takes into account the positive correlation between economic status
and distance from downtown.
 This considers better the economic status more the distance from central area.
Central area has high density and the availability of land is scarce because of this
more effluent segment of the society reside away from the city center where they can
build large houses.
 Burgess described the changing spatial patterns of residential areas as a process of
“invasion” and “succession”.
 As the city grew and developed over time, the CBD would exert pressure on the
surrounding zone (the zone of transition). Outward expansion of the CBD would
invade nearby residential neighbourhoods causing them to expand outward. The
process continues with each successive neighbourhood moving further from the
CBD. His work included the study of bid rent curves according to which the land with
highest rent was occupied with economic activities of highest returns.