Continuum emission from within the plunging region of black hole discs
Subatomic particles.pptx
1. Quiz
Direction: Complete the
paragraph by writing the correct
term on each blank.
(COPY AND ANSWER)
Please write in on a ½ crosswise
don’t forget to write your name
and section.
2. I learned that (1) ___________ is anything
that has mass and occupies space.
Matter is made up of (2) ___________. The
smallest particles of matter is called (3)
___________. Phase changes are physical
changes. On cooling, matter changes
from liquid to solid state. This process is
called (4)___________. The freezing point of
water is (5) ___________.
3. The (6) ___________ is the reverse process
of freezing while (7)___________ is the
change of a liquid to a gas. The (8)
___________ point is the temperature at
which a liquid turns into a gas.
Condensation is the change of water from
its gaseous form into (9) ___________. in
sublimation, solid directly changes to (10)
___________.
6. After going through this module, you are
expected to:
1. Define the parts of the atom (subatomic
particles);
2. Use the periodic table of elements in
identifying the atomic number and atomic
mass on each atom; and
3. Compute for the number of protons,
neutrons, and electrons in a particular atom.
7. In module 1, you learned that matter is
made up of atoms which are too small
to see with the unaided eye or even
with the use of the ordinary light
microscope. When the idea of the atom
was conceived by the ancient Greek
philosophers, they thought the atom is
indivisible, that it has no parts
10. A magnet has two end poles, the north poles and
the south pole
11. What does this indicates?
This observation indicates that;
12. Activity #1
CHARGE IT TO EXPERIENCE
OBJECTIVE:
After performing this activity, you should be able to:
1. observe that objects may attract or repel each other,
2. infer that objects may carry positive and negative
charges, and
3. deduce that neutral objects contain positive and
negative charges
13. Activity #1
CHARGE IT TO EXPERIENCE
Materials Needed:
meterstick or any meter-long stick
balloons
string
chairs or any stand for the stick
glass (from a picture frame)
cloth (flannel or silk cloth)
14. Activity #1
CHARGE IT TO EXPERIENCE
procedure:
1. Inflate the two balloons. Tie each using a length of
string. Place the meter-long stick across two
chairs. Suspend the two balloons so that they
hang freely about two inches apart.
2. With each hand holding one balloon, rub the
balloons simultaneously against your hair several
times. Let go of the balloons. Observe.
16. Question 1
From the activity above, you
have “experienced” that objects,
even they seem to be neutral,
can carry “charges”. In fact, you
were able to charge the objects
by rubbing them against another
object;
17. Activity #1
CHARGE IT TO EXPERIENCE
procedure:
3. Rub the piece of glass with a
silk cloth. Bring the piece of glass
between the two balloons.
Observe.
21. In module 1, you have learned
that all matter, including the
objects that you used in Activity
1, are made up of atoms.
22. Atoms, of which all objects are
made, are electrical in nature.
Atoms contain particles with
positive and negative charges.
The PROTON carries a
positive charge (+1). The
ELECTRON carries a negative
charge (-1).
26. If we are going to study the mass
of these three subatomic particles,
it is very obvious that the weight of
electron is lighter than proton and
neutron.
27.
28. NUCLEONS are tightly packed
together to form nucleus which is
the center part of the atom
32. When the idea of the atom was first
proposed by the ancient Greeks, they
thought it was a particle with no parts.
However, towards the 19th century, J.J.
Thomson was able to discover that atoms
have negatively-charged particles, which he
called electrons.
33. It led him to propose a new model for the
atom, which he called the plum pudding
model.
34.
35. Earlier in 1886, Eugene Goldstein did
some experiments with gas discharge
tube with perforated cathodes
36. In science, models, based on
observation from experiments are
tested further, sometimes by other
scientist to determine their experiments
37. A group of scientist compost of Ernest
Rutherford, Johannes “Hans”
Wilhelm Geiger and Ernest Marsden
tested Thompson’s model by
bombarding a very thin sheet of gold
foil with positively-charged alpha
particles.
50. The periodic table of chemical elements,
often called the periodic table, organizes
all discovered chemical elements in
rows (called periods) and columns
(called groups) according to
increasing atomic number.
51. - an atom or group of atoms that carries a
positive or negative electric charge as a
result of having lost or gained one or
more electrons.
52.
53. A form of a chemical element in which the
atoms have the same number of protons
(part of the nucleus of an atom) but with a
different number of neutrons (part of the
nucleus of an atom). For example, carbon 12,
carbon 13, and carbon 14 are isotopes of
carbon.
54.
55. After performing this activity, you should be able to:
1. locate the atomic number in a periodic table,
2. identify the subatomic particles associated with mass number,
3. determine the number of neutrons from the mass number,
4. define an isotope,
5. interpret shorthand notations for isotopes and atoms,
6. infer that ions are formed from the removal or addition of electron/s,
7. evaluate the overall electrical charge of an atom, and
8. make an inventory of subatomic particles of a given element.
DEMOCRITUS was a Greek philosopher who was the first person to use the term atom (atomos: meaning indivisible). He thought that if you take a piece of matter and divide it and continue to divide it you will eventually come to a point where you could not divide it any more.
READ FIRST: Scientists have proven, however, that the atom is composed of even smaller particles. From experiments conducted in the latter part of the 19th century to the early half of the 20th century, scientists collected evidence that atoms are composed of three types of particles, namely,
READ FIRSTS: Good morning class, for today we are already in the 4th week of our third quarter. And today we are going to discuss atoms inside out.
In this topic the common Questions that we have to learn from this lessons are;
What makes an atom?
2. How to these components differ from one another?
How are these components arrange inside the atoms?
4. How is atom different from an Ion?
Electric charges or simply charges either positive or negative charge behave similarly…
That is; LIKE CHARGES REPEL (or push away each other)
UNLIKE CHARGES ATTRACTS (pull towards each other)
Keep that in mind because we are going to apply it in our activity
You can infer that after you have rubbed the balloons, they acquired a charge since they pushed away each other. You can even say that the balloons acquired the same charge. They have indeed! The balloon, or synthetic rubber, the material the balloon is made of, acquire negative charges when rubbed. Have you experienced the same with your hair after brushing it? Did you observe some unusual behaviour, too? Was it a “hair-raising” experience? Why do you think this happened?
Look at the two balloons … they moved toward the glass/plastic cover
How are you going to describe the charges acquired by the glass and the balloons?
Are they the same or not? Answer: They have different charges!
How about the rub glass? What do you think the glass carried after it was rubbed?
Yes correct! Glass carries positively charge since the balloons attract with it.
Look at the two balloons … they moved toward the glass/plastic cover
How are you going to describe the charges acquired by the glass and the balloons?
Are they the same or not? Answer: They have different charges!
How about the rub glass? What do you think the glass carried after it was rubbed?
Yes correct! Glass carries positively charge since the balloons attract with it.
Yes, the glass was positively-charged since the negatively-charged balloons were attracted towards the glass. From here, you can infer that objects are electrically neutral, or simply, neutral, but they carry electrical charges.
And Remember !!Atoms, in their most stable state are neutral with an equal number of protons and electrons. So, let us say an atom has 5 electrons, how many protons does this atom have? How about if the atom has 64 protons, how many electrons does this atom have?
Electrons are very much lighter than the protons and neutrons, to the point that its mass does not significantly contribute to the mass of the entire atom. In effect, the mass of the electron is negligible.
Collectively, proton and neutron are called nucleons
Nucleons are tightly packed together to form nucleus wich is the center part of the atom
WHO ARE THE SCIENTIST DISCOVERS THIS SUBATOMIC PARTICLES
Thomson proposed that the negatively-charged electrons were embedded in a kind of cloud or soup of positive charge, as shown in the figure
Since plums and puddings are not commonly known in the Philippines, it may work better for you that we use the other name for the model, the raisin bread model.
He found out while the cathode rays where formed and speed towards the plate, some rays were formed and shot through the wholes in the cathode in the opposite direction.
. Not withstanding the complex behaviour of electrons in atoms, we continue to use model of electronic structure (the way electron is arrange in an atom to help us understand and study the way atoms combine to form millions of compounds discovered to date .
