The document discusses different approaches to integrating Struts 2 and Spring frameworks by separating application layers. It presents three cases: 1) Using a simple POJO as the action; 2) Extending ActionSupport to decouple the action from business services; 3) Using business services and data transfer objects to further separate layers. The key point is that the business layer should not be tied to any web framework like Struts or Spring MVC. Integration can be achieved by configuring business services for use by actions, while keeping each layer independent through separation of concerns.

1. Struts 2 + Spring Aug 19th, 2009 Bryan Hsueh

4. Spring Modules Core Struts or Spring MVC Context Web AOP JMS JCA DAO ORM (Hibernate) JMX … … DB browser

5. Model-View-Controller Controller Model DB Business Service Object Front Controller Servlet Controller View JSP Browser Server API getXyz()

7. Struts 2 DB * One way of interpreting Struts 2 MVC. Why put Action in Model?

9. In struts.xml <action name=“user_add&quot; class=&quot; xxx.User &quot; method=&quot; add &quot;> <result>/jsp/user.jsp</result> <result name=“error”>/jsp/error.jsp</result> </action> <action name=“user_delete&quot; class=&quot; xxx.User &quot; method=“ update &quot;> <result>/jsp/user.jsp</result> </action> <action name=“user_login&quot; class=&quot; xxx.User &quot; method=“ login &quot;> <result name=“ success ”>/jsp/user.jsp</result> <result name=“ error ”>error.jsp</result> </action> <action name=“user_ * &quot; class=&quot; xxx.User &quot; method=“ {1} &quot;> <result>/jsp/user.jsp</result> <result name=“error”>/jsp/error.jsp</result> </action>

11. ActionSupport class (case B) public class UserAction extends ActionSupport { private User user; private String name; private String gender; private Date birth; public String getName() { return name; } void setName(String s) { name = s; } public Date getBirth() { ... } void setBirth(Date d) { ... } public String getGender() { ... } void setGender(String s) { ... } public class ActionSupport implements Action , Validateable , ValidationAware , TextProvider , LocaleProvider , Serializable public String add () { user.add(); .... return “success”; } public String update () { user.update(); .... return “success”; } public String login () { user.login(); .... if (ok) return “success”; else return “error”; } } Decouple business service from web layer

12. In struts.xml <action name=“user_add&quot; class=&quot; xxx.UserAction &quot; method=&quot; add &quot;> <result>/jsp/user.jsp</result> <result name=“ error ”>/jsp/error.jsp</result> </action> <action name=“user_delete&quot; class=&quot; xxx.UserAction &quot; method=“ update &quot;> <result>/jsp/user.jsp</result> </action> <action name=“user_login&quot; class=&quot; xxx.UserAction &quot; method=“ login &quot;> <result name=“ success ”>/jsp/user.jsp</result> <result name=“ error ”>error.jsp</result> </action> <action name=“user_ * &quot; class=&quot; xxx.UserAction &quot; method=“ {1} &quot;> <result>/jsp/user.jsp</result> <result name=“error”>/jsp/error.jsp</result> </action>

13. Service and DTO (case C) public class UserAction extends ActionSupport { private AccountService accountService; private User user; public AccountService getAccountServic () { return user; } void setAccountServic (AccountService s) { accountService = s; } public User getUser () { return user; } void setUser (User u) { user = u; } public String add () { accountService.add(user); .... return “success”; } public String update () { accountService.update(user); .... return “success”; } public String login () { accountService.login(user); .... if (ok) return “success”; else return “error”; } } Use Business Service and DTO (Data Transfer Object)

15. Web and Business Layers DB Business Service Object Web Service, XML-RPC, etc. * Business layer should not tie to web layer framework. Spring MVC Struts