- A stroke occurs when blood flow to the brain is interrupted, depriving brain cells of oxygen and nutrients. There are two main types of stroke - ischemic, caused by blockages, and hemorrhagic, caused by bleeding. - Risk factors include age, family history, high blood pressure, smoking, obesity, and lack of exercise. Diagnosis involves scans such as MRI, CT, or angiogram. Treatment depends on the type of stroke but may include clot-busting drugs, surgery to remove blood clots, or medication to reduce pressure and prevent seizures. Lifestyle changes can help reduce the risk of stroke.