A stroke occurs when blood flow to the brain is interrupted, causing brain cells to die from lack of oxygen and nutrients. There are two main types of stroke: ischemic, caused by a blood clot blocking an artery; and hemorrhagic, caused by a broken blood vessel bleeding into the brain. Strokes can affect the entire body, with effects ranging from mild to severe, such as paralysis, speech/thinking problems, or emotional issues. Risk factors include high blood pressure, cholesterol, smoking, diabetes, and age. Symptoms include numbness/weakness, confusion, vision issues, walking problems, or severe headaches. The emergency rules for a sudden stroke are to determine if it's a stroke, make

1. STROK
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2. A stroke, sometimes called a
"brain attack," occurs when blood flow to
the brain is interrupted. When a stroke
occurs, brain cells in the immediate area
begin to die because they stop getting the
oxygen and nutrients they need to
function.

3. Two Major Kinds of Stroke.
The first, called an ischemic stroke, is
caused by a blood clot that blocks or plugs a blood
vessel or artery in the brain. About 80 percent of all
strokes are ischemic.
The second, known as a hemorrhagic
stroke, is caused by a blood vessel in the brain
that breaks and bleeds into the brain. About 20
percent of strokes are hemorrhagic.
Although stroke is a disease of the brain, it
can affect the entire body. The effects of a stroke
range from mild to severe and can include
paralysis, problems with thinking, problems with
speaking, and emotional problems. Patients may
also experience pain or numbness after a stroke.

4. Risk Factors:
•High blood pressure
•High cholesterol
•Smoking
•Diabetes
•Increasing age

5. Symptoms of Stroke:
•Sudden numbness or weakness of the face,
arm or leg (especially one side of the body)
•Sudden confusion, trouble peaking or
understanding speech
•Sudden trouble seeing in one or both eyes
•Sudden trouble walking, dizziness, loss of
balance or coordination
•Sudden severe headache with no known
cause

6. NINE EMERGENCY RULES FOR A
SUDDEN STROKE
1.Determine whether it is a stroke.
Cincinnati Prehospital Stroke Scale (CPSS)
Smile: The face should move
symmetrically
Raise both arms: Looking for weakness on
one side of the body
Speak simple sentence
*Note: If a patient cannot perform these tasks, activate EMS.

7. 2.Make home care well such as keeping the
environment quiet and the patient’s mood
stable, otherwise, the noisy environment will
make the patient feel nervous.
3.Lift the head to about 30 degrees to avoid
aggravating the bleeding.
4.Repose motionless and minimize moving.
Don’t shake the patient’s head because he did
not respond to you.
5.Loosen the tight clothing such as tie to
maintain the patient’s ventilation volume
enough.

8. 6. In case of aggravating head bleeding, we
should maintain relative stability of head
whether we move him or pat his back.
7. Do not give patient sugar water, because
glucose is significantly higher than normal in
stress state.
8. Set ice bag on the head, for the sake of
reducing the consumption of the oxygen and
protecting brain cells.
9. Better use stretcher or wood bed to carry
the patient steadily. Do not carry him
yourself.