Stress management biomedical model
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The document discusses the biomedical model of health, which focuses solely on biological factors and excludes psychological, social, and environmental influences. It views illness as the body breaking down due to a biological reason. A key aspect is that patients are seen simply as sick bodies that can be treated independently of their mind or external contexts. The biomedical model has been highly influential in modern Western medical and psychological practice but has also received some criticism for its limited scope.
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Erick erickson, psychosocial theory
Erik Erikson proposed a lifespan theory of psychosocial development consisting of eight stages from infancy to late adulthood. Each stage presents a psychosocial crisis that influences personality development. For example, adolescence involves developing identity through exploring different roles and committing to an occupation. Successful completion of each stage leads to a healthy personality and the acquisition of basic virtues like trust and identity.
01 - Introduction to Psychology and Developmental Psychology
Psychology is the scientific study of behavior and cognitive processes. It aims to describe, explain, predict, and control behaviors and mental processes through scientific methods. Developmental psychology examines changes across the lifespan from infancy to adulthood, including physical, emotional, social, cognitive, personality, and moral development. Researchers study development through longitudinal studies that follow the same group over time or cross-sectional studies that compare different age groups at a single point in time. Key areas of debate include the influences of nature versus nurture and continuity versus discontinuity of development.
Erikson's Psychosocial Stages of Developmetn
Erikson developed eight stages of psychosocial development across the lifespan: trust vs mistrust (infancy), autonomy vs shame and doubt (toddler), initiative vs guilt (preschool), industry vs inferiority (school age), identity vs role confusion (adolescence), intimacy vs isolation (young adulthood), generativity vs stagnation (middle adulthood), and integrity vs despair (late adulthood). At each stage, individuals face a psychosocial crisis that can result in healthy or unhealthy outcomes depending on how they are able to resolve the crisis. Erikson's theory emphasizes how social and cultural experiences shape personality development throughout life.
The differential aptitude test (dat)
The Differential Aptitude Test (DAT) is a battery of tests published in 1947 to assess multiple aptitudes. It measures abilities like verbal reasoning, numerical reasoning, abstract reasoning, and mechanical reasoning. The DAT aims to help students choose careers and courses that suit their strengths, understand their performance in different subjects, and set appropriate educational and career goals. It provides percentile and stanine scores to benchmark student performance compared to peers.
Theories of motivation
The document discusses several theories of motivation. It describes Maslow's hierarchy of needs which posits that humans are motivated to fulfill basic physiological needs, safety needs, belongingness needs, esteem needs, and self-actualization needs. It also discusses Murray's theory of needs which categorized needs as primary/biological and secondary/psychological. Additionally, the document outlines Erikson's psychosocial theory of development and the eight stages of psychosocial development from infancy to adulthood.
introduction to educational psychology
1. The document discusses three major schools of thought in educational psychology: structuralism, functionalism, and behaviorism.
2. Structuralism, the earliest school, focused on breaking down mental processes into basic components using introspection. It aimed to analyze the human mind but was criticized for using subjective and unreliable methods.
3. The document goes on to discuss functionalism and behaviorism, but does not provide details about them in this section. It primarily focuses on describing the structuralism approach.
Psychological tests; Introduction and Classifications
Psychological tests; Introduction and ClassificationsDepartment of Psychiatry, Institute of Medical Sciences. Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi
A short note about the concept of the psychological test; introduction, definition, characteristics, needs, classification, types, and some selected psychological tests.Positive Cognitive States and Processes.pptx
Positive Cognitive States and Processes:Resilience•Resilience-Thecapacitytowithstandexceptional stresses and demands without developing stress-related problems.
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Erick erickson, psychosocial theory
Erik Erikson proposed a lifespan theory of psychosocial development consisting of eight stages from infancy to late adulthood. Each stage presents a psychosocial crisis that influences personality development. For example, adolescence involves developing identity through exploring different roles and committing to an occupation. Successful completion of each stage leads to a healthy personality and the acquisition of basic virtues like trust and identity.
01 - Introduction to Psychology and Developmental Psychology
Psychology is the scientific study of behavior and cognitive processes. It aims to describe, explain, predict, and control behaviors and mental processes through scientific methods. Developmental psychology examines changes across the lifespan from infancy to adulthood, including physical, emotional, social, cognitive, personality, and moral development. Researchers study development through longitudinal studies that follow the same group over time or cross-sectional studies that compare different age groups at a single point in time. Key areas of debate include the influences of nature versus nurture and continuity versus discontinuity of development.
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The Differential Aptitude Test (DAT) is a battery of tests published in 1947 to assess multiple aptitudes. It measures abilities like verbal reasoning, numerical reasoning, abstract reasoning, and mechanical reasoning. The DAT aims to help students choose careers and courses that suit their strengths, understand their performance in different subjects, and set appropriate educational and career goals. It provides percentile and stanine scores to benchmark student performance compared to peers.
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The document discusses several theories of motivation. It describes Maslow's hierarchy of needs which posits that humans are motivated to fulfill basic physiological needs, safety needs, belongingness needs, esteem needs, and self-actualization needs. It also discusses Murray's theory of needs which categorized needs as primary/biological and secondary/psychological. Additionally, the document outlines Erikson's psychosocial theory of development and the eight stages of psychosocial development from infancy to adulthood.
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1. The document discusses three major schools of thought in educational psychology: structuralism, functionalism, and behaviorism.
2. Structuralism, the earliest school, focused on breaking down mental processes into basic components using introspection. It aimed to analyze the human mind but was criticized for using subjective and unreliable methods.
3. The document goes on to discuss functionalism and behaviorism, but does not provide details about them in this section. It primarily focuses on describing the structuralism approach.
Psychological tests; Introduction and Classifications
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Individual tests are administered one-on-one and allow for close examination of examinee behavior, while group tests can assess large numbers simultaneously but provide less accurate information. Some key differences are that individual tests are more time consuming and require a trained examiner, while group tests have simplified administration, more objective scoring, and establish norms from large samples. Both have advantages and disadvantages depending on the testing needs and environment.
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Psychological tests have several uses:
1. They can classify individuals based on their strengths and weaknesses in psychological attributes.
2. Test results can be used to select individuals for educational programs, jobs, or specific assignments.
3. Employers and administrators can use results to provide promotion or placement based on performance.
4. Tests help diagnose causes of issues like educational failures, emotional problems, or delinquent behavior.
Validity in psychological testing
The document discusses various types of test validity including reliability, validity, content validity, criterion validity, construct validity, and face validity. It explains that reliability refers to a test's consistency, validity refers to what a test claims to measure, and the two are related but distinct concepts. Validity is required for a test to be meaningful while reliability is also needed. Multiple factors must be considered when evaluating different aspects of test validity.
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1. Freud believed personality is determined by unconscious drives and develops through psychosexual stages from infancy to adulthood. Fixation in a stage can result in neurosis.
2. The psyche is divided into the id, ego, and superego. The id operates on the pleasure principle, ego on reality, and superego on morality.
3. Defense mechanisms like repression and rationalization protect the ego from anxiety by distorting unconscious urges brought up from the id.
4. Psychoanalytic therapy uses techniques like free association and dream analysis to make the unconscious conscious, interpret transference
Psychological Approaches
The document discusses several key concepts in psychology including field theory, Gestalt theory, psychodynamic approach, behavioral approach, cognitive model, and the biomedical and biopsychosocial models of health. Field theory proposes that behavior is a result of both personal and environmental factors. The psychodynamic approach emphasizes unconscious processes and childhood experiences. The behavioral approach views behavior as motivated by environmental influences, while the cognitive model focuses on mental processes like memory, problem-solving, and language.
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The document discusses motivation and motivational theory in education. It defines motivation and describes John Keller's ARCS model of motivational design. The ARCS model includes gaining student attention, establishing relevance of content, building confidence, and providing satisfaction. The document also discusses using goal setting theory and teaching self-regulation strategies to motivate students. Motivated students are more productive and help organizations succeed.
Kurt Lewin's Field theory of learning
Kurt Lewin proposed field theory, which views behavior as a function of the person and their psychological environment (B=f(P,E)). A person's "life space" includes all factors influencing their behavior, whether consciously or not. Forces like needs, drives, beliefs and the physical environment create "vectors" that attract or repel the person. When multiple vectors conflict, it creates tensions that motivate learning as the person navigates their life space. Effective teaching aims to understand students' life spaces and use strategies like exploration to support reorganization and insight to facilitate learning.
Erik erikson presentation
Erik Erikson was a German-American psychologist who developed one of the most widely accepted theories of psychosocial development. His theory describes 8 stages of development from infancy to late adulthood, where individuals face developmental crises centered around developing basic trust, autonomy, initiative, identity and more. Each stage builds on the successful completion of earlier stages. The document provides an overview of Erik Erikson's life and work, outlines the 8 stages of psychosocial development and crisis, and provides examples applying the stages to articles, movies, and personal experiences.
Health Psychology- Definition, Objectives, Scope
Health psychology refers to understanding how psychological factors influence physical health and illness. It aims to promote health and wellness, prevent disease, and improve the healthcare system. The field focuses on how the mind and body interact across the lifespan, and seeks to manage chronic conditions, treat psychophysical disorders, and provide support for patients dealing with medical procedures and symptoms.
Health Psychology Eq. Ianelli
Health psychology is a field focused on understanding psychological influences on health, illness, and healthcare. It examines health promotion, disease prevention, and treatment through a biopsychosocial approach considering biological, psychological, and social factors. The field has grown in importance due to changing patterns of illness, expanded healthcare services, and recognition of the role of behavioral and social factors in health.
Biopsychosocial Models
The document discusses models of health psychology, focusing on the biopsychosocial model. The biopsychosocial model views health and illness as influenced by biological, psychological, and social factors. It was first proposed by George Engel in 1977 as an alternative to purely biomedical models. The model examines the interconnections between biology, psychology, and socio-environmental factors in topics like health, disease, and human development. Strengths include improved patient outcomes, while limitations include being time-consuming and lacking a strong theoretical basis.
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Jean piaget cognitive model
1. Jean Piaget's theory of cognitive development explains how children construct mental models of the world through biological maturation and interaction with their environment, rather than viewing intelligence as fixed.
2. Piaget's theory differs from others in that it focuses on child development and proposes discrete stages marked by qualitative differences, rather than gradual increases in complexity.
3. Piaget's theory has three basic components: schemas which are mental representations of concepts, and the processes of assimilation, accommodation, and equilibration which drive development forward through adaptation to the environment.
PSYCHOMETRICS INDIVIDUAL AND GROUP TESTS
Individual tests are administered one-on-one and allow for close examination of examinee behavior, while group tests can assess large numbers simultaneously but provide less accurate information. Some key differences are that individual tests are more time consuming and require a trained examiner, while group tests have simplified administration, more objective scoring, and establish norms from large samples. Both have advantages and disadvantages depending on the testing needs and environment.
Carl jung
Carl Jung believed that the psyche is made up of three levels: the conscious, personal unconscious, and collective unconscious. The conscious plays a minor role, while the personal unconscious contains repressed memories and the collective unconscious is inherited from ancestors. Jung proposed that archetypes like the persona, shadow, anima/animus exist in the collective unconscious and can be revealed through dreams, fantasies, and active imagination. He described personality types based on the attitudes of extraversion/introversion and the functions of thinking/feeling and sensing/intuiting. Jung believed individuals progress through life stages towards self-realization by integrating opposites within themselves.
Carl Jung Theory of Personality
Carl Jung expanded Freud's theory of the unconscious to include a collective unconscious shared among all humans. This collective unconscious contains archetypes - common patterns and symbols representing human experiences like heroes and mothers. Jung also described extraverted and introverted personality types, as well as types that make decisions rationally through thinking or feeling, and irrationally through sensation or intuition.
Psychological assessment introduction
Psychological testing and assessment has evolved over thousands of years from early job selection tests in ancient China to modern standardized psychological tests and evaluations. Key developments included early mental ability tests by Binet and Simon, the development of intelligence testing by Terman and Wechsler, the emergence of projective testing techniques like the Rorschach inkblot test, the creation of personality tests like the MMPI and Myers-Briggs, and ongoing work to reduce cultural bias in testing.
5. uses of psychological tests S.Lakshmanan Psychologist
Psychological tests have several uses:
1. They can classify individuals based on their strengths and weaknesses in psychological attributes.
2. Test results can be used to select individuals for educational programs, jobs, or specific assignments.
3. Employers and administrators can use results to provide promotion or placement based on performance.
4. Tests help diagnose causes of issues like educational failures, emotional problems, or delinquent behavior.
Validity in psychological testing
The document discusses various types of test validity including reliability, validity, content validity, criterion validity, construct validity, and face validity. It explains that reliability refers to a test's consistency, validity refers to what a test claims to measure, and the two are related but distinct concepts. Validity is required for a test to be meaningful while reliability is also needed. Multiple factors must be considered when evaluating different aspects of test validity.
George Kelly - Personal Construct Theory- Princy Hannah
George Kelly was an American psychologist known for developing the personal construct theory of personality. Some key points about Kelly:
- He was born in 1905 in Kansas and earned degrees from Park College and University of Kansas, receiving his PhD in 1931.
- During World War II, he worked as an aviation psychologist and later became a professor at Ohio State University, where he developed his cognitive theory of personality.
- Kelly's personal construct theory proposes that personality arises from the constructs through which people interpret events, and that these constructs can change over time based on new experiences. Individuals actively test constructs against reality.
Bps model
The biopsychosocial model considers biological, psychological, and social factors and their interactions in understanding health and illness. It has three components: 1) the biological component includes genes, nature, and physical health, 2) the psychological component refers to individual perceptions like coping skills and self-esteem, and 3) the socio-cultural component comprises environmental influences such as family, peers, and social relationships that shape health.
Health Psychology
The document discusses health psychology, which is the study of how psychological, behavioral, and cultural factors influence physical health and illness. The goals of health psychology include preventing illness, promoting good health, helping with treatment of illness, and investigating the psychological correlates of illness. Health psychologists are specially trained to help people deal with the psychological and emotional aspects of health and illness. They promote healthier lifestyles and ways to encourage people to improve their health, such as stress management programs. Health psychology provides an understanding of the connection between mind and body in health and illness.
Carl roger theory of personality
The document discusses Carl Rogers's theory of personality. It explains that Rogers believed that individuals have an innate drive for self-actualization. Rogers also felt that psychological adjustment occurs when one's self-concept is congruent with their experiences. The document outlines Rogers's views on the organism, phenomenal field, self, congruity and incongruity. It also discusses Rogers's concepts of self-actualization and the development of self without rigid stages. The theory focused on a person-centered therapeutic approach of empathy, positive regard and openness.
theory of personality by sigmund freud
This document provides an overview of Sigmund Freud's psychoanalytic theory of personality. Some key points:
1. Freud believed personality is determined by unconscious drives and develops through psychosexual stages from infancy to adulthood. Fixation in a stage can result in neurosis.
2. The psyche is divided into the id, ego, and superego. The id operates on the pleasure principle, ego on reality, and superego on morality.
3. Defense mechanisms like repression and rationalization protect the ego from anxiety by distorting unconscious urges brought up from the id.
4. Psychoanalytic therapy uses techniques like free association and dream analysis to make the unconscious conscious, interpret transference
Psychological Approaches
The document discusses several key concepts in psychology including field theory, Gestalt theory, psychodynamic approach, behavioral approach, cognitive model, and the biomedical and biopsychosocial models of health. Field theory proposes that behavior is a result of both personal and environmental factors. The psychodynamic approach emphasizes unconscious processes and childhood experiences. The behavioral approach views behavior as motivated by environmental influences, while the cognitive model focuses on mental processes like memory, problem-solving, and language.
Cognitive model
The document discusses cognitive models in abnormal psychology. It describes cognition as the internal processes of the mind like perception, attention, memory, and thinking. The cognitive model describes how a person's thoughts about a situation influence their emotional and behavioral reactions. Two examples of cognitive models discussed are REBT developed by Albert Ellis, which focuses on how faulty reasoning leads to depression/anxiety, and CBT developed by Aaron Beck, which focuses on automatic thoughts and assumptions. The document also discusses cognitive development theories by Piaget and Kohlberg, and social learning theories by Julian Rotter and Albert Bandura which examine how behavior is learned through social interaction and observation.
GROWTH, DEVELOPMENT & MATURATION.PPT
This document discusses growth, development, and maturation. It defines growth as physical changes that can be measured, such as increases in height, weight, and bone size. Development is defined as increases in function and skills. Maturation refers to physical changes driven by genetic influences, though the timing can be influenced by the environment. The document notes that growth and development are independent but interrelated processes influenced by both genetic and environmental factors. It outlines several stages of development, including trust vs. mistrust in infancy, autonomy vs. shame and doubt in toddlerhood, initiative vs. guilt in early childhood, industry vs. inferiority in middle childhood, identity vs. role confusion in adolescence, and intimacy vs. isolation in
Motivational Learning Theories
The document discusses motivation and motivational theory in education. It defines motivation and describes John Keller's ARCS model of motivational design. The ARCS model includes gaining student attention, establishing relevance of content, building confidence, and providing satisfaction. The document also discusses using goal setting theory and teaching self-regulation strategies to motivate students. Motivated students are more productive and help organizations succeed.
Kurt Lewin's Field theory of learning
Kurt Lewin proposed field theory, which views behavior as a function of the person and their psychological environment (B=f(P,E)). A person's "life space" includes all factors influencing their behavior, whether consciously or not. Forces like needs, drives, beliefs and the physical environment create "vectors" that attract or repel the person. When multiple vectors conflict, it creates tensions that motivate learning as the person navigates their life space. Effective teaching aims to understand students' life spaces and use strategies like exploration to support reorganization and insight to facilitate learning.
Erik erikson presentation
Erik Erikson was a German-American psychologist who developed one of the most widely accepted theories of psychosocial development. His theory describes 8 stages of development from infancy to late adulthood, where individuals face developmental crises centered around developing basic trust, autonomy, initiative, identity and more. Each stage builds on the successful completion of earlier stages. The document provides an overview of Erik Erikson's life and work, outlines the 8 stages of psychosocial development and crisis, and provides examples applying the stages to articles, movies, and personal experiences.
Health Psychology- Definition, Objectives, Scope
Health psychology refers to understanding how psychological factors influence physical health and illness. It aims to promote health and wellness, prevent disease, and improve the healthcare system. The field focuses on how the mind and body interact across the lifespan, and seeks to manage chronic conditions, treat psychophysical disorders, and provide support for patients dealing with medical procedures and symptoms.
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5. uses of psychological tests S.Lakshmanan Psychologist
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Similar to Stress management biomedical model
Health Psychology Eq. Ianelli
Health psychology is a field focused on understanding psychological influences on health, illness, and healthcare. It examines health promotion, disease prevention, and treatment through a biopsychosocial approach considering biological, psychological, and social factors. The field has grown in importance due to changing patterns of illness, expanded healthcare services, and recognition of the role of behavioral and social factors in health.
Biopsychosocial Models
The document discusses models of health psychology, focusing on the biopsychosocial model. The biopsychosocial model views health and illness as influenced by biological, psychological, and social factors. It was first proposed by George Engel in 1977 as an alternative to purely biomedical models. The model examines the interconnections between biology, psychology, and socio-environmental factors in topics like health, disease, and human development. Strengths include improved patient outcomes, while limitations include being time-consuming and lacking a strong theoretical basis.
Models of health and illness
You can read more about some the models of health and illness. by having any query please contact my via the addresses included their.
WAYS OF UNDERSTANDING HEALTH 261
This week we will begin by reviewing the course content and evaluation procedures. The opening remarks will include an examination of the biomedical and social models of health.
THE BIOMEDICAL MODEL OF HEALTH
The biomedical model views mental disorders as biological diseases caused by abnormalities in the brain. It assumes that diseases can be fully explained by deviations from biological norms, leaving no room for social, psychological or behavioral factors. The core tenets are that mental disorders are caused by biological abnormalities in the brain, there is no distinction between mental and physical diseases, and biological treatment is emphasized. Critics argue that this model is too reductionistic and neglects the influence of other important factors like social, cultural and environmental influences on mental health.
Biopsychosocial Aspects of Chronic Medical Conditions
Biopsychosocial
Aspects of Chronic
Medical Conditions
Psychological Aspects of
Chronic Illness
¡ Psychological aspects of chronic illness are
commonly overlooked
¡ Most patients adjust well to the psychological
aspects of chronic illness
¡ However, adjustment can decrease when when
patients experience a decline in physical health
status and when patients experience stigma as a
result of:
¡ Limited independence
¡ Negative impact on daily routine
¡ Increase self-care demands
¡ Dynamic nature of life changes
Locus of Control &
Psychological Vulnerabilities
¡ Patients with chronic illness have to balance their
need to be in control of their lives with the need
to have significant others “take over” certain
aspects of their life/care at times
¡ Psychological difficulties may complicate the
management of a chronic medical condition
¡ Can make assessment and formulations complex
¡ Do psychological problems make us vulnerable to
chronic illness? Does chronic illness make us
vulnerable to experiencing psychological distress
that results in a psychological disorder?
Factors Impacting Chronic
Illness Management
¡ Information/Knowledge
¡ A patient’s access to information influences their help-seeking behaviors and is highly related to
a patient’s contact with health-service providers
¡ Psychophysiology
¡ Patients can experience deleterious effects as a result of the impact that illness-related stress
can have on their illness-related symptomatology (i.e., stress aggravates arthritic pain)
¡ Behavior Change
¡ A patient’s ability to modify their behavior can have significant consequences on the
management of their disease (e.g., quit smoking in cancer treatment or increased exercise in
Type 2 Diabetes)
¡ Social Support
¡ Social support can mediate a patient’s interaction with the health care system
¡ Somatization
¡ Physical symptoms that arise as a result of undiagnosed psychological problems or emotional
distress can make a illness presentation more complex
Factors Impacting Chronic
Illness Management
Illness
Management
& Patient
Help-Seeking
Behaviors
Information/
Knowledge
Psychophysiology
Behavior Change Social Support
Undiagnosed
Psychological
Disorder
Somatization
Psychological Adjustment
¡ There is a HUGE variation in the SUBJECTIVE impact of chronic
medical conditions that are similar in severity
¡ Illness representation
¡ The subjective experience of the illness determines a patients ability
to cope and manage the chronic medical condition. This affects:
¡ A patient’s reactions to their symptoms
¡ Self-care behaviors
¡ Changes in mood states
¡ Our job as providers is to help patients find the appropriate
framework for ascribing MEANING to their illness/symptoms
¡ We need to help patients understand and cope with their
illness in light of pre-existing beliefs and assump ...
Health and concepts of health in english
THIS SLIDE IS PREPARED BY SURESH KUMAR FOR MY STUDENT SUPPORT SYSTEM TO WATCH THIS VIDEO VISIT YOUTUBE CHANNEL- Important links-
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HEALTH PSYCHOLOGY slides.pptx
Health psychology developed in the 1970s to address challenges in healthcare as life expectancy increased and chronic diseases became more prevalent. It aims to promote health and prevent illness by understanding how biological, psychological, and social factors influence health behaviors and outcomes. Key developments included the biopsychosocial model of health and illness, emergence of behavioral medicine, and establishment of the field of health psychology through APA Division 38 in 1978.
CHN Unit-I.docx
1. Community health nursing involves promoting and preserving the health of populations through curative, preventive, and promotional health services. This includes identifying community health problems through community diagnosis.
2. A community health nurse works primarily outside of healthcare institutions to provide both primary care nursing and elements of public health practice. Their role includes participating in community health planning, coordinating nursing services with other health professionals, and conducting relevant research.
3. The goals of public health nursing as defined by the ANA are to promote and protect community health through applying knowledge from nursing, social sciences, and public health to develop overall community health plans and provide quality nursing services to the population.
Introduction to Health Psychology.pptx
This document provides an introduction to health psychology. It defines health psychology as the study of psychological and behavioral processes related to health, illness, and healthcare. Health psychology focuses on understanding how biological, psychological, behavioral, and social factors influence health and illness. The document discusses how lifestyle and unhealthy behaviors can impact serious illnesses. It also explains that health psychologists study how people react to, cope with, and recover from illness in order to promote health and prevent disease.
Mental illnesses & office administration
This document provides information about a Mental Health and Office Administration course taught by Dr. George Boghozian. It includes his education background and teaching experience. The document then summarizes key topics from the course, including definitions of mental health, models of psychopathology, and strategies for promoting positive mental health. Mental health is defined as emotional well-being and the ability to cope with life's stresses. The document discusses biological, environmental, and social factors that influence mental illnesses and notes that many such illnesses can be effectively treated.
Concept of health
this topic is from fundamental of nursing and the basic of nursing and all subjects which include health illness, its behaviour, models and concepts
intro-biomedicalmodel.ppt
This document provides an introduction to health psychology. It discusses the emergence of health psychology as a field and the shift from the biomedical model to the biopsychosocial model. Key topics covered include definitions of health and health behavior, factors that led to the development of health psychology, areas of focus in health psychology, and common research methodologies used. The challenges of healthcare in India are also briefly outlined.
Clinical Psychology L1.pdf
Clinical psychology is a field of psychology that specializes in diagnosing and treating mental, emotional, and behavioral disorders. It involves researching and applying principles and methods to understand, predict, and alleviate maladjustment, disability, and discomfort. The biopsychosocial model views health as being influenced by biological, psychological, and social factors that interact in complex ways. Understanding these interactions helps provide more accurate diagnoses and effective treatments that consider the whole person.
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1 topic social med.pptx
This document provides an overview of social medicine and psychosomatic illnesses. It discusses:
1. Social medicine examines how social factors like culture, education, income impact population health. Individual and public health are interrelated.
2. Psychosomatic illnesses involve physical symptoms without clear medical causes that are influenced by psychological factors. Somatoform disorders are psychosomatic illnesses displayed through physical issues.
3. Symptoms of somatoform disorders include hypochondriasis, conversion disorder, body dysmorphic disorder, and somatization disorder which involve distress over minor physical symptoms. Treatment focuses on cognitive behavioral therapy and antidepressants.
Concept of health and Disease
The document discusses various concepts of health and disease. It describes the biomedical, ecological, psychosocial, and holistic concepts of health. It also discusses the biopsychosocial dimensions of health. For disease, it covers the agent, host, environment triad and concepts of causation, natural history, and levels of prevention. It provides definitions of health from WHO and other sources and describes indicators used to measure community health status.
Health psychology
Health psychology is a specialty area that focuses on how biology, psychology, behavior, and social factors influence health and illness.
Pp mini lecture
The biopsychosocial model considers biological, psychological, and social factors and their interactions in understanding health, illness, and healthcare. It was created by George Engel as the traditional medical model was seen as inefficient. The biopsychosocial model examines the biological (physical health, genetics), psychological (traits, coping skills, IQ), and social (family, peers, neighborhood) influences on a person's development and health outcomes.
Community dent1
The document discusses behavioral dentistry and the biopsychosocial model of health and illness. It describes how the biopsychosocial model views health and illness as influenced by biological, psychological, and social factors rather than solely biological factors. In contrast to the traditional biomedical model, the biopsychosocial model sees individuals as responsible partners in their health and considers psychological and social influences on health.
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Biopsychosocial Aspects of Chronic Medical Conditions
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Cyber Anxiety.pptx
Dr. Suresh Kumar Murugesan is a professor of psychology from India who has published many research papers and books. He gave a presentation on cyber anxiety which refers to feelings of tension and worry related to using technology. Cyberchondria is excessive health anxiety from searching medical information online. Cyberphobia is an extreme fear of computers and technology. Common anxiety symptoms include physical signs like increased heart rate and sweating as well as worrying thoughts. Anxiety can also lead to depression, substance abuse, sleep issues and other problems if not managed properly. The causes and strategies for dealing with anxiety were discussed.
Neuroscience of Stress.pptx
The document discusses the neuroscience of stress. It defines neuroscience as the study of the brain and nervous system, and defines stress as feelings of being overwhelmed. It then discusses how stress impacts the brain and behavior in several ways: it can impair memory, change the brain's structure by affecting gray and white matter, increase risk of mental illness, kill brain cells in the hippocampus, and shrink certain brain areas like the prefrontal cortex and hippocampus. The document also examines how stress affects several key neurotransmitters like catecholamines, GABA, dopamine, norepinephrine, serotonin, melatonin, and glutamate.
Neuroscience of Memory.pptx
Dr. Suresh Kumar Murugesan PhD and Ms. Jothi are the founders of Yellow Pond counselling centre in Tamil Nadu, India. They are positive psychologists who have conducted training and webinars. The presentation discusses the neuroscience of memory, including the different types of memory like sensory memory, working memory, long term memory, explicit memory and implicit memory. It examines the areas of the brain involved in each memory system like the hippocampus, prefrontal cortex, basal ganglia and cerebellum. The role of neurotransmitters and long term potentiation in memory formation is also covered.
Classroom Behaviours.pptx
One of the biggest challenge in front of the teachers is management of students behaviour in the classroom.
In this presentation we tried to make some points to the people who searching answer for the classroom management
ANOVA 1.0.pptx
ANOVA (Analysis of Variance) is a statistical test used to analyze differences between the means of three or more groups. There are two key elements of ANOVA - variation within groups and variation between groups. Types of ANOVA include one-way ANOVA, which compares the means of three or more independent groups, and two-way ANOVA, which estimates how a variable changes according to two categorical variables. Important terms related to ANOVA are means, F-statistics, sum of squares, mean squared error, hypotheses, and group variability.
Jacobson's Progressive Muscle Relaxation Technique.pptx
Dr. Suresh Kumar Murugesan is presenting on Jacobson's Progressive Muscle Relaxation Technique. Jacobson's technique involves tensing specific muscle groups for 5 seconds then relaxing them for 10 seconds, moving sequentially through the body. The technique aims to reduce muscle tension and anxiety by manipulating autonomic responses, increasing opiate production, and promoting immune function. The presentation provides instructions for practicing the technique moving through muscle groups from the feet to the facial muscles.
Measures of central tendency
This document discusses measures of central tendency including the mean, median, and mode. It provides definitions and formulas for calculating each measure. The mean is the average value and is calculated by summing all values and dividing by the total number of values. The median is the middle value when values are arranged in order. The mode is the value that occurs most frequently. The document discusses when each measure is most appropriate to use and provides examples of calculating the mean, median, and mode. It also covers the properties, merits, and demerits of each measure of central tendency.
Statistics in Psychology - an introduction
This document provides an introduction to statistics in psychology. It discusses the origin of statistics, noting that the word comes from the Latin word for state. It then covers the history and development of statistics from the 1600s to present day. Key definitions of statistics are presented. The functions of statistics are listed as collection, classification, condensation, comparison, correlation, and causation. Descriptive and inferential statistics are introduced as the two main branches. Limitations and types of statistics are also briefly outlined.
Mindfulness exercise 03 colour breathing
1) Colour breathing is a mindfulness exercise where you breathe in a colour associated with positive feelings and breathe out a colour for stress or negative emotions.
2) The exercise involves relaxing your body, focusing on deep breathing, and visualizing colours entering and leaving your body on the inhale and exhale.
3) Different colours like blue, green, orange, and yellow are suggested for relaxation, healing, happiness, and concentration respectively when practicing colour breathing.
Mindfulness exercise 04 spaceship
Dr. Suresh Kumar Murugesan is presenting on using guided imagery of a spaceship travel to develop mindfulness in children. Guided spaceship travel involves imagining getting on a spaceship and traveling to another planet where one explores peaceful scenes. Benefits include reducing stress, anxiety and improving sleep. It requires sitting comfortably and closing one's eyes to visualize the journey in detail for 15 minutes before returning home on the spaceship.
How to raise mentally strong kids
This document discusses promoting mental health among children and adolescents. It begins by introducing the presenter and their qualifications. It then provides statistics showing that 13% of adolescents have a diagnosed mental disorder and rates of child mental health crises and suicide are rising. Common stressors for children like exposure to violence, academic pressure, and internet addiction are discussed. The document advocates for developing children's cognitive and social-emotional skills. It provides strategies that parents can use to prioritize mental health, teach emotional regulation, problem-solving skills, and build mental strength in children. Key aspects of mental toughness and strength are defined.
Tele counselling
Dr. Suresh Kumar Murugesan is a professor of psychology who specializes in psychometry, counseling, and psychotherapy. The document discusses tele counseling, which involves providing counseling services remotely using technologies like phone, video chat, or online messaging. Tele counseling can help increase access to mental healthcare by reducing barriers like transportation, privacy concerns, and stigma. However, it also faces challenges regarding client privacy, building rapport without in-person interaction, and legal/ethical issues of practicing across state lines. The document provides an overview of how tele counseling works, including obtaining consent, booking appointments, conducting sessions, and follow up care.
Anxiety management strategies
This document outlines various strategies for managing anxiety presented by Dr. Suresh Kumar Murugesan. It includes over 50 techniques across multiple slides:
- Deep breathing, muscle relaxation, mindfulness, exercise, and talking to friends are among the strategies discussed for managing physical anxiety symptoms and promoting relaxation.
- Cognitive techniques include challenging negative thoughts, limiting worry time, practicing positive self-talk, and cognitive restructuring.
- Other recommendations involve time management, getting sufficient sleep, seeking social support from friends or support groups, and lifestyle changes like healthy eating and reducing caffeine.
Neuroscience of happiness
The document discusses the neuroscience of happiness. It defines neuroscience as the study of the brain and nervous system, and how they impact behavior and cognition. Happiness is defined as a state of joy, satisfaction and fulfillment characterized by more positive than negative feelings. The document explores the types of happiness and the reward circuit in the brain associated with experiences that promote happiness like social bonding, altruism and pleasure. It provides references for further reading on the topic.
Neuroscience of gratitude
1) Dr. Suresh Kumar Murugesan is a professor of psychology in India who specializes in psychometry and positive psychology.
2) Neuroscience research has found that feelings of gratitude are associated with increased activity in areas of the brain related to learning, decision making, and moral cognition such as the medial prefrontal cortex.
3) Gratitude may impact neurotransmitters like dopamine, serotonin, and oxytocin which are linked to mood improvement and social bonding. Practicing gratitude has been shown to have mental and physical health benefits.
Personality
The document provides information about Dr. Suresh Kumar Murugesan and Dr. Subasree Vanamali, who are professors and trainers in psychology in India. It then discusses several classic theories of personality type, including those proposed by Hippocrates, Sheldon, Kretschmer, and Jung. Hippocrates identified four temperaments - sanguine, melancholic, choleric, and phlegmatic. Sheldon categorized body types into endomorph, mesomorph, and ectomorph. Kretschmer linked physique to personality, and Jung distinguished between introversion and extroversion.
Neuroscience of mindfulness
Dr. Suresh Kumar Murugesan and Dr. Veenavani are founders of Yellow Pond and other organizations focused on psychology and positive behavior. They presented on the neuroscience of mindfulness based on various studies. Mindfulness involves focusing attention on the present moment in an open and non-reactive way. Studies show mindfulness is associated with changes in brain regions involved in emotion regulation, memory, and self-awareness such as reduced amygdala activity and increased prefrontal cortex and hippocampus activity. A meta-analysis found consistent changes in 8 brain regions of experienced meditators.
Involuntary client
This document provides information about working with difficult clients. It discusses common reasons why clients may be resistant to treatment, such as fear, manipulation, shame, and exhaustion. It also outlines categories of difficult cases, including challenges to a professional's skills or personality, unmatched expectations, and system issues. The document recommends focusing on building the therapeutic alliance, using self-awareness, and employing motivational enhancement techniques to address client resistance.
Selection of appropriate statistics and tools
This document provides an overview of selecting appropriate statistics and tools for research. It discusses various types of statistical analysis including descriptive analysis, inferential analysis, differences analysis, association analysis, and predictive analysis. Descriptive analysis involves summarizing data through tables, graphs, and numerical measures of central tendency, variation, and distribution. Inferential analysis makes conclusions about a population based on a sample. Differences analysis examines whether two or more groups are the same or different. Association analysis looks at relationships between variables. Predictive analysis forecasts one variable based on others. The document also explains when to use parametric versus non-parametric statistics depending on factors like sample size, distribution, and scale of measurement.
Features of psychotherapy
Psychotherapy is a treatment approach for mental illnesses and disorders of behavior and mind. It involves talking therapies where a trained practitioner supports clients to modify their cognitions, emotions, and behaviors in desirable ways. Some key features of psychotherapy are that it provides a nonjudgmental and supportive environment for clients to discuss problems, explores more satisfactory ways of living, aims to facilitate effective and lasting changes, and involves interactions between the therapist and client that connect psychological theories to help improve client functioning.
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Stress management biomedical model
- 1. Biomedical Model of Stress Management Dr.Suresh Kumar Murugesan PhD Yellow Pond
- 2. Biology the scientific study of living things. Yellow Pond
- 3. Medicine the science of preventing and treating illness. Yellow Pond
- 4. Biomedical model The biomedical model of medicine has been around since the mid-19th century as the predominant model used by physicians in diagnosing diseases.
- 5. Biomedical model A biomedical model is a surrogate for a human being, or a human biologic system, that can be used to understand normal and abnormal function from gene to phenotype and to provide a basis for preventive or therapeutic intervention in human diseases.
- 6. Biomedical model According to the biomedical model, health constitutes the freedom from disease, pain, or defect, making the normal human condition "healthy." The biomedical model's focus on the physical processes (for example, pathology, biochemistry and physiology of a disease) does not take into account the role of social factors or individual subjectivity. Unlike the biopsychosocial model, the biomedical model does not consider the diagnosis, which affects the treatment of the patient, to be the result of a negotiation between doctor and patient. Yellow Pond
- 7. Biomedical Model The biomedical model posits that all physical and mental illnesses are due to measurable, physiological deviations from normal, healthy functioning. Yellow Pond
- 8. Biomedical Model The notion that all mental illnesses are diseases of the brain, first advanced by Wilhelm Greisinger, is a strict application of the biomedical model within a psychological context. Yellow Pond
- 9. Biomedical Model The model's philosophical and historical origins, including the scientific principle of reductionism. Yellow Pond
- 10. Biomedical Model The biomedical model's exclusion of psychological and social factors as essential to mental illness has led to a number of criticisms of the model. Yellow Pond
- 11. Biomedical Model Alternatives to the biomedical model in psychological science include Engel's biopsychosocial model, which provides for inclusion of psychological and social factors in definitions of disease. Yellow Pond
- 12. Biomedical Model The biomedical model has had a profound influence on medical and psychological science and continues to drive research efforts directed at identifying physiological underpinnings of psychological disorders. Yellow Pond
- 13. Biomedical Model The biomedical model of health focuses on purely biological factors and excludes psychological, environmental, and social influences. It is considered to be the leading modern way for health care professionals to diagnose and treat a condition in most Western countries Yellow Pond
- 14. Biomedical The biomedical or medical (sometimes also known as the bio- mechanical) model of health, is a scientific measure of health and regards disease as the human body having a breakdown due to a biological reason. Yellow Pond
- 15. Biomedical A patient is seen as a body that is sick and can be handled, explored and treated independently from their mind and other external considerations. The treatment therefore will be from medical professionals with appropriate knowledge, and must take place in an environment where medical technology exists (Giddens. 2009). Yellow Pond
- 16. References 1. https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/9781118625392.wbecp476 2. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biomedical_model 3. Casey M. Strickland Christopher J. Patrick (23 January 2015). Biomedical Model. https://www.ukessays.com/essays/sociology/the-biomedical-model-of-health.php Yellow Pond