Content: Definition of Stress Types of Stress The Stress Process Common causes of Stress Consequence of Stress. Organizational and Life Stress Factors Affecting on Job Stress Managing Stress in Workplace.

2. Content
• Definition of Stress
• Types of Stress
• The Stress Process
• Common causes of Stress
• Consequence of Stress.
• Organizational and Life Stress
• Factors Affecting on Job Stress
• Managing Stress in Workplace.

3. Stress has been defined in many ways, but the most
definitions say that stress is caused by a stimulus, that the
stimulus can be either physical or psychological, and that the
individual responds to the stimulus in some way. Therefore
we define stress as a person’s adaptive response to the
stimulus that place excessive psychological or physical
demands on him or her.
According to Richard S Hazarus, stress is a feeling
experienced when a person things that “The demands
exceed the personal & social resources the individual is able
to mobilize.”
STRESS

4. Types Stress
We may classify stress in three categories :
a. Physical Stress.
b. Psychological stress.
c. Emotional Stress.

5. Physical stress arises as a result of our body
response to physical stressor like work, noise,
an illness, exercise etc
Basically, there are 5 different components of
physical stress and these include:
-Pressure
-Frustration
-Conflict
-Threat
-Loss
Physical Stress

6. psychological effects of stress may occurs when our mind
perceives an inability to cope with a" challenge" of some kind.
Following are the symptoms of psychological stress
• Feeling distracted
• Increasing lack of concentration
• Indecisive
• Chronic pain that is unexplained
• Increase or decrease in eating difficulties
• Lack of energy
• Trouble sleeping
Psychological Stress

7. Physical Stress
A condition which occurs when a person is under
stress affecting their emotions.
Following are the symptoms of psychological stress:
• Anger
• Anxiety
• Compulsive and/or obsessive behaviors
• Depression, despair and a feeling of hopelessness
• Feeling a loss of control
• Feelings of fear
• Irritability and resentment
• Isolates oneself from regular relationships
Emotional Stress

8. The general adaptation syndrome (GAS)
identifies three stages of response to a
stressor:
-Alarm
-Resistance
-Exhaustion
Stress Process

9. Low
High
Step-1
Alarm
Step-2
Resistance
Step-3
Exhaustion
Normal Level
Of Resistance
Response to
Stressful Event
Individual Resistance to Stress

10. Causes of Stress
Causes of Stress at Home
● Death of spouse, family, near relative or friend.
● Injury or illness of any family member.
● Marriage of self or son or daughter or brother or sister.
● Separation or divorce from partner.
● Pregnancy or birth of a new baby.
● Children's behavior or disobedience.
● Children's educational performance.
● Hyperactive children.

11. Causes of Stress at Home
● Argument or heated conversations with spouse, family
members or friends or neighbors.
● Not sufficient money to meet out daily expenses or
unexpected expenditure.
● Not sufficient money to raise your standard of living.
● Loss of money in burglary, pick-pocketed or share market.
Moving house.
● Change of place or change of city or change of country.

12. Causes of Stress in organization
● To meet out the demands of the job.
● Your relationship with colleagues. .
● To control staff under you.
● To train your staff and take work from them.
● Support you receive from your boss, colleagues and
juniors.
● To meet out deadlines. .
● Excessive work pressure
● To give new results.
● To produce new publications if you are in research area.

13. • Causes of Stress in organization
● Working overtime and on holidays.
● New work hours.
● Promotion or you have not been promoted or your junior
has superseded you. .
● Argument or heated conversations with co-workers or
boss
● Change of job.
● Work against will.
● Harassment.

14. • Other Causes of Stress
– Fear, intermittent or continuous.
– Threats: physical threats, social threats, financial
threat, other threats.
– Uncertainty.
– Lack of sleep.
– Somebody misunderstands you.
– Setback to your position in society.

16. Stress has number of consequences. If the stress is
positive, the result may be more energy, enthusiasm and
motivation. Of more concern, of course, are the negative
consequences of stress. Stress can produce the following
consequences:
a. Individual consequences
b. Organizational consequences
c. Burnout.
Consequences of Stress

17. Individual
Consequences
Behavioral
▪Alcohol & Drug Abuse
▪Violence
Physical
▪Sleep Disease
▪Depression
Medical
▪Heart Disease
▪Heartaches
Organizational Consequences
Decline in performance
absenteeism and turnover
decreased motivation &
satisfaction
Burnout
Organizational Stressors
Task Demands
▪Occupation
▪Security
Physical Demands
▪Temperature
▪Office design
Role Demands
▪Ambiguity
▪Overload
▪Conflict
Interpersonal Demands
▪Group Pressure
▪Leadership Style
▪Personalities
Life Stressors
▪Life Change
▪Life Trauma

19. Physical Factors affecting the Job Stress.
, 14%
6%
, 20%
11%
20%
17%
, 12%
0%
5%
10%
15%
20%
25%
Inadequate ventilation Problems with office accomadation
Lack of privacy Poor lighting
Indequate temperature control Noise levels
Poor site conditions
Inadequate Ventilation 14%
Problems with office accommodation
6%
Lack of Privacy *20%
Poor lighting 11%
Inadequate Temperature control *20%
Noise levels *17%
Poor site conditions 12%

20. Organizational factors affecting Job stress
26%
20%
24%
16%
14%
0%
5%
10%
15%
20%
25%
30%
Inadequate staffing
Poor communications
Insufficent Training
Interpersonal Conflicts
Poor relations with
superiors
Inadequate staffing 26%
Poor Communications 20%
Insufficient Training 24%
Interpersonal Relations 16%
Poor relations with superiors 14%

22. Stress Management in Personal Life
- Identify stressors
- Eliminate unnecessary commitments
- Relax throughout the day .
- Help others
- Controlling
- Multitasking
- Eliminate energy drains
- Avoid difficult people
- Simplify life
- Be grateful
- Eat healthy
- Exercise

23. Stress Management in Organization
1. Improve communication
• Share information with employees to reduce
uncertainty about their jobs and futures.
• Clearly define employees’ roles and responsibilities.
• Make communication friendly and efficient, not mean-
spirited or petty.

24. 2. Consult your employees
- Give workers opportunities to participate in
decisions that affect their jobs.
- Consult employees about scheduling and work rules.
- Be sure the workload is suitable to employees’
abilities and resources; avoid unrealistic deadlines.
- Show that individual workers are valued.

25. 3. Offer rewards and incentives
• Praise good work performance verbally and institutionally.
• Provide opportunities for career development.
• Promote an “entrepreneurial” work climate that gives
employees more control over their work.

26. 4. Cultivate a friendly social climate
• Provide opportunities for social interaction among
employees.
• Establish a zero-tolerance policy for harassment.
• Make management actions consistent with
organizational values.