Pompeii was an ancient Roman city located in Italy that was destroyed by the eruption of Mount Vesuvius in 79 CE. The city was originally controlled by Greeks and Etruscans before becoming a Roman colony. Pompeii covered an area of 66 hectares, with only two-thirds excavated so far. The city had walls and seven gates, and streets laid out in a grid pattern. Buildings such as houses, shops, and factories were mixed together. Pompeii's water supply came from an aqueduct system built in the 1st century AD that brought water from hills over 40 km away and distributed it through lead pipes and water towers around the city.
Unit 02E - Roman Architecture and Town PlanningCharlotte Jaram
(I created this powerpoint at 2am, with a hideous amount of caffeine a week before my AS exam. The grammar/spelling mistakes are a product of lack of sleep and an over dependence on caffeine. The content is all there whilst the spelling may not be)
The rise of the Renaissance in Italy and its major contributions to the rebirth of Europe. Includes key people, artwork techniques, and activities. SC State Standard 6-6.1 and 2
The Beginnings of Ancient Rome About 750 B.C., the villages joined together to form a city called Rome. It was ruled by kings for more than 200 years. Eventually, Rome became a republic, and the people elected representatives. These representatives formed the Senate, Rome's most powerful body of government
Roman architecture : Elements and innovations.jainvijaya
Hey! i am an architecture student. This presentation i made was for a college submission. Hope it works out for you. All the best. And don't forget to like it...!!!
Unit 02E - Roman Architecture and Town PlanningCharlotte Jaram
(I created this powerpoint at 2am, with a hideous amount of caffeine a week before my AS exam. The grammar/spelling mistakes are a product of lack of sleep and an over dependence on caffeine. The content is all there whilst the spelling may not be)
The rise of the Renaissance in Italy and its major contributions to the rebirth of Europe. Includes key people, artwork techniques, and activities. SC State Standard 6-6.1 and 2
The Beginnings of Ancient Rome About 750 B.C., the villages joined together to form a city called Rome. It was ruled by kings for more than 200 years. Eventually, Rome became a republic, and the people elected representatives. These representatives formed the Senate, Rome's most powerful body of government
Roman architecture : Elements and innovations.jainvijaya
Hey! i am an architecture student. This presentation i made was for a college submission. Hope it works out for you. All the best. And don't forget to like it...!!!
Roman cities town planning uploaded by Pankaj dhakad
submitted by
Mustafa Hasan
Pankaj Dhakad
Savy Soni
Shivangi Shrivastva
Vedant Chawla
Yashasvi Agrawal
Even today part of a roman aqueduct dating back to the 2nd century bc. supplies the city of Rome with water (our proposal to give it still a long file).
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Unit 8 - Information and Communication Technology (Paper I).pdfThiyagu K
This slides describes the basic concepts of ICT, basics of Email, Emerging Technology and Digital Initiatives in Education. This presentations aligns with the UGC Paper I syllabus.
Students, digital devices and success - Andreas Schleicher - 27 May 2024..pptxEduSkills OECD
Andreas Schleicher presents at the OECD webinar ‘Digital devices in schools: detrimental distraction or secret to success?’ on 27 May 2024. The presentation was based on findings from PISA 2022 results and the webinar helped launch the PISA in Focus ‘Managing screen time: How to protect and equip students against distraction’ https://www.oecd-ilibrary.org/education/managing-screen-time_7c225af4-en and the OECD Education Policy Perspective ‘Students, digital devices and success’ can be found here - https://oe.cd/il/5yV
The Indian economy is classified into different sectors to simplify the analysis and understanding of economic activities. For Class 10, it's essential to grasp the sectors of the Indian economy, understand their characteristics, and recognize their importance. This guide will provide detailed notes on the Sectors of the Indian Economy Class 10, using specific long-tail keywords to enhance comprehension.
For more information, visit-www.vavaclasses.com
Read| The latest issue of The Challenger is here! We are thrilled to announce that our school paper has qualified for the NATIONAL SCHOOLS PRESS CONFERENCE (NSPC) 2024. Thank you for your unwavering support and trust. Dive into the stories that made us stand out!
2024.06.01 Introducing a competency framework for languag learning materials ...Sandy Millin
http://sandymillin.wordpress.com/iateflwebinar2024
Published classroom materials form the basis of syllabuses, drive teacher professional development, and have a potentially huge influence on learners, teachers and education systems. All teachers also create their own materials, whether a few sentences on a blackboard, a highly-structured fully-realised online course, or anything in between. Despite this, the knowledge and skills needed to create effective language learning materials are rarely part of teacher training, and are mostly learnt by trial and error.
Knowledge and skills frameworks, generally called competency frameworks, for ELT teachers, trainers and managers have existed for a few years now. However, until I created one for my MA dissertation, there wasn’t one drawing together what we need to know and do to be able to effectively produce language learning materials.
This webinar will introduce you to my framework, highlighting the key competencies I identified from my research. It will also show how anybody involved in language teaching (any language, not just English!), teacher training, managing schools or developing language learning materials can benefit from using the framework.
The French Revolution, which began in 1789, was a period of radical social and political upheaval in France. It marked the decline of absolute monarchies, the rise of secular and democratic republics, and the eventual rise of Napoleon Bonaparte. This revolutionary period is crucial in understanding the transition from feudalism to modernity in Europe.
For more information, visit-www.vavaclasses.com
5. History
Pompeii was controlled by a series of groups – firstly
Greeks, Etruscans, Samnites and then Romans.
Traces of each of these cultures can be found in the
city, the oldest building dating from the sixth century
BCE
After the defeat of the city by Sulla in the first century
BCE, the Roman colony was established in 80 BCE
and the city was dedicated to the Greek goddess,
Venus
6. POMPEII- PLANS
66 hectares in area. Only two-thirds of the site of Pompeii
has been excavated.
Walls – 3.2 km of wall built from tufa. Some sections of the
wall at the east of the town had been dismantled, following
the imposition of the peace of Rome
Watch towers – some towers still remain in the wall, on the
north side of Pompeii
Gates – seven gates provide entry points to Pompeii (Porta
Marina, Porta di Stabia, Porta di Nocera, Porta di Sarno,
Porta di Nola, Porta Vesuvio, Porta Ercolano)
10. Streets
The oldest sections of the town were centred around
the forum and the triangular forum. Here the
streetscape is less regular.
From these areas the town spread north and south.
These streets are laid out on a grid pattern.
Streets running east-west are called decumani and
streets running north-south are known as cardini.
The main north-south street is Via Stabiana. The main
east-west street is Via dell'Abbondanza
11.
12. The streets were paved during Roman times with large
polygon stones. They were often narrow – 2.4 to 4.5
ms wide. The largest was 7 ms wide
Grooves had been worn into some street by the wheels
of carts (indicating an axle width of 1.4 ms).
Stepping stones were placed across streets to allow
people to cross the street without getting wet or muddy
(or worse).
Cats' eyes (small white stones) were inserted in road
surfaces to assist in walking at night.
Gutters in Pompeii were raised to at least 30 cms (and
often much higher) to cope with flowing water and
sewerage
15. The town plan was divided into nine regions by Giuseppe
Fiorelli in the 1860s.
Each block (insulae) in each region was numbered and
walled.
Each entrance in each insula was numbered. Every building
in Pompeii can be identified with a number, e.g. The House
of Pansa is VI.6.1, that is, Region 6, Insula 6, Entrance 1.
Houses shops, factories and restaurants were mixed in
together, as were rich and poor dwellings
Insulae varied in size from 850 sq ms to 5,500 sq ms and
may consist of any number of dwellings –from one to more
than a dozen
16. House, with gardenand
Bath house
Office or taberna
Bronzesmith’s forge
and home above
House
Stairway
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shop
Shop
Shop of the
ironmonger
17. Water supplies
Originally Pompeii drew its water from the Sarno River
and from wells
Early in the first century AD Pompeii constructed an
aqueduct system to bring fresh, clean water from the
hills 40 kilometres away.
This water flowed into a roofed reservoir (castellum
aquae) before dividing into three large lead pipes which
ran under the pavements.
20. The 35-metre height difference between the castellum and
the lowest point in the city meant that the water in the pipes
was under pressure, allowing smaller pipes to carry water
up to the tanks, then back down the towers to supply public
fountains, houses, shops and facilities such as baths.
Six-metre-high towers with lead tanks on top were built at
intervals along these three pipelines, to relieve the pressure.
There were numerous public street fountains
(Nympharium) with continuous flowing water. Few houses
had their own private water supply.