Pompeii is undoubtedly one of the world's best known archaeological sites. Its fame comes from its dramatic destruction and extraordinary preservation as a result of an eruption of Mount Vesuvius.
For over 200 years now, we have been able to revisit the same moment in Pompeii's history, the moment it was fossilized as an archaeological site. Year after year, visitors have meandered through its alleys and moseyed through its buildings, but have always been tourists stuck in A.D. 79. Excavation below the level of the destruction has enabled us to move across time and throughout our insula's history--from that late August day in A.D. 79 back through the ages to the fourth century B.C. Perhaps even earlier. What were these bars before they were bars? When was this workshop built? Was this house here in the first century B.C.? In the second century B.C.? In the third? What did it look like? Excavation below the A.D. 79 level allows us to travel back in time and understand the whole history of VI,1 from that final August doomsday to the insula's first instance of human activity.
Pompeii is undoubtedly one of the world's best known archaeological sites. Its fame comes from its dramatic destruction and extraordinary preservation as a result of an eruption of Mount Vesuvius.
For over 200 years now, we have been able to revisit the same moment in Pompeii's history, the moment it was fossilized as an archaeological site. Year after year, visitors have meandered through its alleys and moseyed through its buildings, but have always been tourists stuck in A.D. 79. Excavation below the level of the destruction has enabled us to move across time and throughout our insula's history--from that late August day in A.D. 79 back through the ages to the fourth century B.C. Perhaps even earlier. What were these bars before they were bars? When was this workshop built? Was this house here in the first century B.C.? In the second century B.C.? In the third? What did it look like? Excavation below the A.D. 79 level allows us to travel back in time and understand the whole history of VI,1 from that final August doomsday to the insula's first instance of human activity.
IN SEARCH FOR ANCIENT POMPEII AND HERCULANEUM METU JFA 20081 .docxbradburgess22840
IN SEARCH FOR ANCIENT POMPEII AND HERCULANEUM METU JFA 2008/1 1
INTRODUCTION
The ancient and modern are often juxtaposed in an inseparable way in
cities which are continuously inhabited since their foundation in antiquity.
The architectural splendor of ancient Rome for example, is visible and
traceable in several fragmented contexts in the heart of modern Rome;
remains of ancient architecture are embraced and invaded by the modern
city that grew around and over the ruins of its ancient counterpart. In
only rare instances, such as the Pantheon, the Markets of Trajan and the
Colosseum, or the impressive façade of the Temple of Zeus inserted into
a later building, is it possible to see the monuments that once adorned
ancient Rome still standing to their full height.
The remains of many other ancient cities on the other hand, are found at
a distance from nearby modern settlements and are not encroached by
buildings. These ancient cities are actually more potent in revealing and
displaying the ancient urban context in an un-fragmented state. Yet the
fact that these are often not well preserved and that large portions remain
unexcavated hinder that potential, and to an untrained eye, the ancient city
often looks like a spread of ruins. While monuments like theaters or baths
are in general well preserved and might partially stand to their full height,
the ‘ancient city’ is often conceived as a walking track with a collection of
building stones. In several cases the remains of buildings whose walls are
rarely preserved to their full height do not give a sense of how they once
looked like. Finding a still standing ancient building, let alone an ancient
city, and wandering inside, therefore, is not a common experience.
Renowned for their superb preservation, Pompeii and Herculaneum are
two exceptional examples. The archaeological character and context of
these two ancient cities, especially those of Pompeii, are exceptional in
many respects:
Pompeii occupies a special place in Roman archaeology, for this city and its
neighbors, notably Herculaneum, were remarkably well preserved under the
A TALE OF TWO CITIES: IN SEARCH FOR
ANCIENT POMPEII AND HERCULANEUM
Lale ÖZGENEL
Received: 14.12.2006; Final Text: 15.04.2008.
Keywords: Pompeii; Herculaneum;
excavation; documentation; Rocque Joaquin
de Alcubierre; Karl Jakob Weber.
* I thank to Mert Ayaroğlu for preparing the
figures for publication.
METU JFA 2008/1
(25:1) 1-25
LALE ÖZGENEL2 METU JFA 2008/1
volcanic debris that rained down from Mount Vesuvius in AD 79. The ruins
give an unequalled glimpse of the daily life of town dwellers during late
republic and early Empire. In contrast, in Rome itself, because of continuing
Figure 1. Pompeii (from an old postcard).
Figure 2. Cast of a young Pompeian woman
(Maiuri, 1953, Pl. LVI).
Figure 3. Via dell’Abbondanza in Pompeii
(Maiuri, 1953, Pl. XXXVI) and “House
of Wooden Partitions in Herculaneum”,
overhangs ar.
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4. Pompeii:
•A city of 20,000 residents
•Progressive
•Perfectly preserved example
of ancient life in the Mediterranean
5. When did it happen?
79A.D August 24th and 25th ,Vesuvius erupted, buried
Pompeii and Herculaneum, damaged houses in many far
away places.
6. August, 24th, 79, 1 PM
People in Herculaneum saw smoke bursting from Vesuvius
Midnight
Torrents of lava poured down Vesuvius
August, 25th, 79,7 AM
A devastating surge killed the people in Pompeii.
7. Mount Vesuvius
Best known for its
eruption in AD 79 that led
to the destruction of the
Roman cities of Pompeii
and Herculaneum
8. A composite volcano, made up of
alternate layers of ash and lava
Two different kinds of eruptions:
•mostly ash and cinders
•produces lava
9. Casualties of the eruption
It is not known how many people the eruption
killed, although around 1,150 remains of
bodies have been recovered in and around
Pompeii ,and 350 at Herculaneum.
10. This is the end of our report.
Thank you for listening.
