This document provides an overview of steam condensers as part of a steam power plant. It defines a steam condenser as a device that condenses steam using cooling water at a constant pressure lower than atmospheric pressure. Steam condensers are classified as either jet (mixing) condensers or surface (non-mixing) condensers. Jet condensers allow direct contact between steam and water while surface condensers separate the steam and water with tubes. The document discusses the various types and functions of steam condensers.
The various forces acts on the reciprocating parts of an engine.
The resultant of all the forces acting on the body of the engine due to inertia forces only is known as unbalanced force or shaking force.
The various forces acts on the reciprocating parts of an engine.
The resultant of all the forces acting on the body of the engine due to inertia forces only is known as unbalanced force or shaking force.
A steam turbine is a prime mover in which the potential energy of the steam is transformed into kinetic energy and later in its turn is transformed into the mechanical energy of rotation of the turbine shaft
The gas turbine is an internal combustion engine that uses air as the working fluid. The engine extracts chemical energy from fuel and converts it to mechanical energy using the gaseous energy of the working fluid (air) to drive the engine and propeller, which, in turn, propel the aeroplane.
A steam turbine is a prime mover in which the potential energy of the steam is transformed into kinetic energy and later in its turn is transformed into the mechanical energy of rotation of the turbine shaft
The gas turbine is an internal combustion engine that uses air as the working fluid. The engine extracts chemical energy from fuel and converts it to mechanical energy using the gaseous energy of the working fluid (air) to drive the engine and propeller, which, in turn, propel the aeroplane.
Project report on vcr system with liquid suction heat exchangerSant Lal Patel
vapour compression refrigeration system with liquid suction heat exchanger is benificial for engineering students .it is a final year project of mechanical engineering.
Process plant equipment and their operations in petrochemical industrySavanSardhara
Process equipment is used in several applications like reaction purpose, steam power generation, pipelines, water treatment, salt water disposal etc., where chemical or mechanical methods are applied. Some examples of process equipment popularly used in these industries are pumps, boilers, distillation columns,
valves, vessels, filters, coolers, heat exchangers, compressors and piping. Each of these equipment is very important because of their indispensable usage in the working of a process.
Air Cooled condensers were first introduced in US
power industry in early 1970’s, but only during last 10-15
years number of installations greatly increased largely due to
growing attention being paid to environmental safety. Also,
growing demand for water for both domestic and industrial
use has brought an increased interest in use of Air Cooled
condensers. This is a review paper which studies the
performance of Air-cooled condenser under various operating
conditions it is found that there is degradation in performance
of air cooled condenser under high ambient temperatures and
windy conditions. The heat rejection rate of ACC also depends
on surface condition of fins and thus its performance is
reduced due to external fouling of finned tubes due to weather
conditions and by internal fouling from condensate (Ammonia
corrosion). A Hybrid (dry/wet) dephlegmator achieves major
enhancement in performance when ambient temperatures are
high. Also shading of condensers is done for air-conditioning
units to mitigate the adverse effect of high ambient
temperatures due to solar radiation. Now a day’s wind walls
are used to reduce the effect of high wind velocity .second
option is to increase the fan speed Fin cleaning plays an
important role in heat rejection. External cleaning improves
air side heat transfer coefficient. In order to improve the
performance of an ACC Flat tubes inclined at some angle to
horizontal can also be used in place of conventional circular
horizontal tubes so that an improvement in heat transfer rate
occurs.
Working & Application of Condensers | What are Condensers Presentation ppt| A...Sandeep Kumar
This is a Presentation ppt file on Condensers. What are Condensers and what are their working and applications? This file include all the information about the applications of condenser, where are they used and what are the different type & how they are classified?
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Chimney draught and its calculation (part 2) - notesAVDHESH TYAGI
In these notes Chimney draught and its calculation is described. Since this topic requires broad description hence it is covered in 2 parts. First part is already in previous notes and second part is discussed in these notes.
Chimney draught and its calculation (part 1) - notesAVDHESH TYAGI
In these notes Chimney draught and its calculation is described. Since this topic requires broad description hence it is covered in 2 parts. First part is covered in these notes and second part will be discussed in next notes .
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Steam condensers - Part 1 (introduction and classification)
1. Steam condensers - Part 1
Presentation by:
Avdhesh Tyagi
Asst. Prof.
Department of Mechanical Engineering
G. L. Bajaj Institute of Technology & Management, Greater Noida
Disclaimer: The materials provided in this presentation and any comments or information
provided by the presenter are for educational purposes only. Nothing conveyed or provided
should be considered legal, accounting or tax advice.
2. Name of Subject: Applied Thermodynamics
Subject Code: KME401
Department of Mechanical Engineering
G. L. Bajaj Institute of Technology and Management,
Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh
College code: 192
Affiliated to Dr. A.P.J. Abdul Kalam Technical University (Formerly UPTU Lucknow).
Unit 3
Topic covered: Steam condensers –
Introduction & Classification
3. Rankine cycle
Following 4 are the basic components of a
steam power plant working on Rankine cycle:
1. Feed Pump (For isentropic compression)
2. Boiler (For isobaric heat addition)
3. Steam Turbine (For isentropic expansion)
4. Steam condenser (For isobaric heat
rejection)
4. P-V diagram of Rankine cycle
Image courtesy: Applied Thermodynamics by R. K. Rajput, 2nd edition, Laxmi
publications (P) Ltd.
5. Elements of Steam condensing plant
• Condenser
• Air extraction pump
• Condensate extraction pump
• Cooling water circulating pump
• Hot well
• Cooling tower
• Make up water pump
• Boiler feed pump
6. Steam condensing plant
Image courtesy: Applied Thermodynamics by Onkar Singh, Third edition, New Age
International (P) Limited Publishers
7. Steam condenser
“A steam condenser is a device in which steam is
condensed by cooling it at a constant pressure and
this pressure is less than atmospheric pressure.”
• Water is used as cooling agent.
• An air extraction pump is used to create vacuum
(or sub-atmospheric pressure) in steam
condenser.
• The output of a steam condenser is saturated
water.
8. Functions of Steam condenser
• To reduce the turbine exhaust pressure so as to
increase the specific output and hence increase
the plant efficiency and decrease the specific
steam consumption.
• To condense the exhaust steam from the turbine
and reuse it as pure feed water in the boiler. Thus
only make up water is required to compensate
loss of water.
• To improve heat transfer by removing the air and
other non condensable gases from steam.
9. Classification of Steam condensers
Generally, steam condensers are classified
into following 2 categories:
1. Jet condenser or Mixing type condenser
2. Surface condenser or Non-mixing type
condenser
10. Jet condenser
In Jet Condensers or mixing type condensers,
the exhaust steam and water come into direct
contact with each other.
The temperature of the condensate is the same
as that of cooling water leaving the condenser.
11. Types of Jet condenser
Jet Condensers are classified as given below:
1. Low Level Parallel Flow Jet Condenser
2. Low Level Counter Flow Jet Condenser
3. High Level Parallel Flow Jet Condenser
4. High Level Counter Flow Jet Condenser
5. Ejector Condenser
12. Surface condenser
In surface condensers, the exhaust steam and water
do not come into direct contact.
• The steam passes over the outer surface of tubes
through which a supply of cooling water is
maintained. There may be single-pass or double-
pass.
• In single-pass condensers, the water flows in one
direction only through all the tubes, while in two-
pass condenser the water flows in one direction
through the tubes and returns through the
remainder.
13. Types of Surface condenser
Surface condensers are classified as given
below:
1. Down flow type
2. Central flow type
3. Inverted flow type
4. Regenerative type
5. Evaporative type
14.
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