اترك أثراً قبل الرحيل - محمد صالح المنجد

  
  

 
 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
– 
 
 
 
 

 
 
 

 
 
 
 

 
 
‫اﳊﻤﺪ‬‫ﷲ‬‫اﻟﻌﺎﳌﲔ‬ ‫رب‬،‫اﳌﺮﺳﻠﲔ‬ ‫أﴍف‬ ‫ﻋﲆ‬ ‫واﻟﺴﻼم‬ ‫واﻟﺼﻼة‬،‫ﻧﺒﻴﻨﺎ‬
‫ﺑﻌﺪ‬ ‫أﻣﺎ‬ ،‫أﲨﻌﲔ‬ ‫وأﺻﺤﺎﺑﻪ‬ ‫آﻟﻪ‬ ‫وﻋﲆ‬ ‫ﳏﻤﺪ‬:
‫ﻣﺮﺿﺎة‬ ‫وأﻛﺜﺮﻫﺎ‬ ،‫أﺟﺮا‬ ‫اﻷﻋﲈل‬ ‫أﻋﻈﻢ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻓﺈن‬ً ً‫ﷲ‬U،‫ﻳﺘﻌﺪى‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻲ‬ ‫ﺗﻠﻚ‬
‫ﻷ‬ ‫وذﻟﻚ‬ ،‫اﻵﺧﺮﻳﻦ‬ ‫إﱃ‬ ‫ﻧﻔﻌﻬﺎ‬‫وأﺟﺮﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﻧﻔﻌﻬﺎ‬ ‫ن‬‫اﻟﻌﺎﻣﻞ‬ ‫ﻋﲆ‬ ‫ﻳﻘﺘﴫ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ ‫وﺛﻮاﲠﺎ‬
‫ﻋﺎﻣﺎ‬ ‫اﻟﻨﻔﻊ‬ ‫ﻓﻴﻜﻮن‬ ،‫اﳊﻴﻮان‬ ‫ﺣﺘﻰ‬ ،‫اﻟﻨﺎس‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻏﲑه‬ ‫إﱃ‬ ‫ﻳﻤﺘﺪ‬ ‫ﺑﻞ‬ ،‫وﺣﺪه‬ً
‫ﻟﻠﺠﻤﻴﻊ‬.
‫ﻧﻔﻌﺎ‬ ‫اﻟﺼﺎﳊﺔ‬ ‫اﻷﻋﲈل‬ ‫أﻋﻈﻢ‬ ‫وﻣﻦ‬ً‫أﺟﺮﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﻳﺄﺗﻴﻚ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻲ‬ ‫ﺗﻠﻚ‬ ‫؛‬‫ﻗﱪك‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫وأﻧﺖ‬
‫وﺣﻴﺪا‬ً‫ﻓﺮﻳﺪا‬ً‫ﺟﺎﻫﺪا‬‫ﻳﺴﻌﻰ‬‫أن‬‫ﺑﺎﳌﺴﻠﻢ‬‫ﳚﺪر‬‫وﻟﺬا‬،ً‫أﺛﺮ‬ ‫ﻟﱰك‬ٍ‫ﻫ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫رﺣﻴﻠﻪ‬ ‫ﻗﺒﻞ‬‫ﺬه‬
،‫ﺑﻌﺪه‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫اﻟﻨﺎس‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﻳﻨﺘﻔﻊ‬ ‫اﻟﺪﻧﻴﺎ‬‫وﺻﺪق‬ ،‫وآﺧﺮﺗﻪ‬ ‫ﻗﱪه‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﻫﻮ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫وﻳﻨﺘﻔﻊ‬‫اﷲ‬‫ﰲ‬
‫ﻗ‬‫ﻮ‬‫ﻟﻪ‬:hglkjion mrqp]‫اﳌﺰﻣﻞ‬:
٢٠[.
‫و‬َ‫ﻛ‬ُ‫ـ‬‫ﻦ‬ْ‫ر‬َ‫ﺟ‬ُ‫ــ‬‫ﻼ‬ً‫إن‬ْ‫أ‬َ‫ﺗ‬َ‫ـ‬‫ﻮ‬ْ‫ﺑ‬ ‫ا‬َ‫ﻌ‬ْ‫ـ‬‫ﺪ‬َ‫ه‬ُ‫ﻳ‬َ‫ﻘ‬ُ‫ﻮ‬ْ‫ﻟ‬ُ‫ــ‬‫ﻮ‬ْ‫ن‬َ‫ﻣ‬َ‫ــ‬‫ﺮ‬‫ﱠ‬‫و‬َ‫ﻫ‬َ‫ــ‬‫ﺬ‬َ‫اﻷ‬ ‫ا‬َ‫ﺛ‬َ‫ــ‬‫ﺮ‬ْ
‫اﳍﺎم‬ ‫اﳌﻮﺿﻮع‬ ‫ﻫﺬا‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺟﻮاﻧﺐ‬ ‫ﺗﻨﺎول‬ ‫ﻋﲆ‬ ‫ﺣﺮﺻﺖ‬ ‫وﻗﺪ‬‫وأﺳﺄل‬ ،‫اﷲ‬
‫اﻟﺘﻮﻓﻴﻖ‬‫واﻟﺴﺪاد‬.

‫أﺛﺮا‬ ‫اﺗﺮك‬ً‫اﻟﺮﺣﻴﻞ‬ ‫ﻗﺒﻞ‬‫ﱠ‬
 
 
‫اﳌﺘﻌﺪي‬ ‫اﻟﻨﻔﻊ‬:‫ﻫﺬا‬ ‫ﻛﺎن‬ ‫ﺳﻮاء‬ ‫ﻟﻶﺧﺮﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﻧﻔﻌﻪ‬ ‫ﻳﺼﻞ‬ ‫اﻟﺬي‬ ‫اﻟﻌﻤﻞ‬ ‫ﻫﻮ‬ً
‫أﺧﺮوﻳﺎ‬ ‫اﻟﻨﻔﻊ‬ً:‫إﱃ‬ ‫واﻟﺪﻋﻮة‬ ‫ﻛﺎﻟﺘﻌﻠﻴﻢ‬‫اﷲ‬‫دﻧﻴﻮﻳﺎ‬ ‫أو‬ ،‫ﺗﻌﺎﱃ‬ً:،‫اﳊﻮاﺋﺞ‬ ‫ﻛﻘﻀﺎء‬
‫وﻏﲑ‬ ‫اﳌﻈﻠﻮم‬ ‫وﻧﴫة‬‫ذﻟﻚ‬.
‫اﻟﻨﻔ‬ ‫أﻣﺎ‬‫اﻟﻘﺎﴏ‬ ‫ﻊ‬:‫ﻓﻘﻂ‬ ‫ﻓﺎﻋﻠﻪ‬ ‫ﻋﲆ‬ ‫وﺛﻮاﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﻧﻔﻌﻪ‬ ‫ﻳﻘﺘﴫ‬ ‫اﻟﺬي‬ ‫اﻟﻌﻤﻞ‬ ‫ﻓﻬﻮ‬‫؛‬
‫وﻏﲑﳘ‬ ‫واﻻﻋﺘﻜﺎف‬ ،‫ﻛﺎﻟﺼﻮم‬‫ﺎ‬.
 
‫اﻟﻘﺎﴏ‬ ‫اﻟﻨﻔﻊ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫أوﱃ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻐﲑ‬ ‫اﳌﺘﻌﺪي‬ ‫اﻟﻨﻔﻊ‬ ‫أن‬ ‫ﻋﲆ‬ ‫اﻟﴩﻳﻌﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻘﻬﺎء‬ ‫ﻧﺺ‬
‫ﻋﲆ‬‫اﻟﻨﻔﺲ‬.
‫ﺑﻌﻀﻬﻢ‬ ‫ﻗﺎل‬ ‫وﻟﺬا‬:‫وذ‬ ،‫ﻧﻔﻌﺎ‬ ‫أﻛﺜﺮﻫﺎ‬ ‫اﻟﻌﺒﺎدات‬ ‫أﻓﻀﻞ‬ ‫إن‬ً ً‫ﻣﺎ‬ ‫ﻟﻜﺜﺮة‬ ‫ﻟﻚ‬
‫ﺑﻤﺼﺎﻟﺢ‬ ‫اﻻﺷﺘﻐﺎل‬ ‫ﻓﻀﻞ‬ ‫ﻋﲆ‬ ‫داﻟﺔ‬ ‫ﻧﺼﻮص‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫واﻟﺴﻨﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻜﺘﺎب‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ورد‬
‫وﻣﻦ‬ ،‫ﺣﻮاﺋﺠﻬﻢ‬ ‫وﻗﻀﺎء‬ ‫ﻟﻨﻔﻌﻬﻢ‬ ‫اﳊﺜﻴﺚ‬ ‫واﻟﺴﻌﻲ‬ ،‫اﻟﻨﺎس‬‫ﻣﺎ‬ ‫أﺑﺮزﻫﺎ‬‫ﻳﲇ‬:
‫اﻟﺪرداء‬ ‫أﰊ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬t‫ﻗﺎل‬:‫رﺳﻮل‬ ‫ﻗﺎل‬‫اﷲ‬r:»‫اﻟﻌﺎﱂ‬ ‫ﻓﻀﻞ‬ِ َ ْ ُ ْ َ‫اﻟﻌﺎﺑﺪ‬ ‫ﻋﲆ‬ِ ِ َ َْ َ
‫اﻟﻜﻮاﻛﺐ‬ ‫ﺳﺎﺋﺮ‬ ‫ﻋﲆ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﻤﺮ‬ ‫ﻛﻔﻀﻞ‬ِ ِ ِ
َ ََ ْ ِْ َِ ََ َ ِ ْ َ َ«
)١(
.
)١(‫أﺑﻮداود‬ ‫رواه‬)٣٦٤١(‫اﳉﺎﻣﻊ‬ ‫ﺻﺤﻴﺢ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫وﻫﻮ‬)٤٢١٢.(

‫أﺛﺮا‬ ‫اﺗﺮك‬ً‫ﻗ‬‫اﻟﺮﺣﻴﻞ‬ ‫ﺒﻞ‬‫ﱠ‬
 
‫وﻗﻮﻟﻪ‬r‫ﻃﺎﻟﺐ‬ ‫أﰊ‬ ‫ﺑﻦ‬ ‫ﻟﻌﲇ‬t:»‫ﳞﺪي‬ ‫ﻟﺌﻦ‬‫اﷲ‬‫ﺧﲑ‬ ‫واﺣﺪا‬ ‫رﺟﻼ‬ ‫ﺑﻚ‬ٌ ً ً ُ َ
‫اﻟﻨ‬ ‫ﲪﺮ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻟﻚ‬‫ﱠ‬ ِ ْ ُ‫ﻌﻢ‬َ«
)١(
.
‫ﻫﺮﻳﺮة‬ ‫أﰊ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬t‫رﺳﻮل‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬‫اﷲ‬r‫ﻗﺎل‬:»‫ﻟﻪ‬ ‫ﻛﺎن‬ ‫ﻫﺪى‬ ‫إﱃ‬ ‫دﻋﺎ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ُ ُ َ َ َْ َ َ ً َ ِ َ
‫ﺷﻴﺌﺎ‬ ‫أﺟﻮرﻫﻢ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ذﻟﻚ‬ ‫ﻳﻨﻘﺺ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ ‫ﺗﺒﻌﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫أﺟﻮر‬ ‫ﻣﺜﻞ‬ ‫اﻷﺟﺮ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ً ْ َْ ْ َ ََ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِِ ِ َُ ْ ُ ُ َ ْ ُ ْ َُ َُ َ ُ ِْ ُ ِ«
)٢(
.
‫أﻣﺎ‬ ،‫ﻋﻤﻠﻪ‬ ‫اﻧﻘﻄﻊ‬ ‫ﻣﺎت‬ ‫إذا‬ ‫اﻟﻨﻔﺲ‬ ‫ﻋﲆ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﺎﴏة‬ ‫اﻟﻌﺒﺎدة‬ ‫ﺻﺎﺣﺐ‬ ‫أن‬ ‫ﻛﲈ‬
‫ﺑﻤﻮﺗﻪ‬ ‫ﻋﻤﻠﻪ‬ ‫ﻳﻨﻘﻄﻊ‬ ‫ﻓﻼ‬ ‫اﳌﺘﻌﺪي‬ ‫اﻟﻨﻔﻊ‬ ‫ﺻﺎﺣﺐ‬.
‫ﺑﻌﺚ‬ ‫وﻗﺪ‬‫اﷲ‬‫ﻣﻌﺎﺷﻬﻢ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫وﻧﻔﻌﻬﻢ‬ ‫وﻫﺪاﻳﺘﻬﻢ‬ ،‫اﳋﻠﻖ‬ ‫إﱃ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻹﺣﺴﺎن‬ ‫اﻷﻧﺒﻴﺎء‬
‫اﻟﻨﺒﻲ‬ ‫أﻧﻜﺮ‬ ‫وﳍﺬا‬ ،‫اﻟﻨﺎس‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬ ‫واﻻﻧﻘﻄﺎع‬ ‫ﺑﺎﳋﻠﻮات‬ ‫ﻳﺒﻌﺜﻮا‬ ‫وﱂ‬ ،‫وﻣﻌﺎدﻫﻢ‬r
‫أوﻟﺌ‬ ‫ﻋﲆ‬‫اﻟﻨﺎ‬ ‫ﳐﺎﻟﻄﺔ‬ ‫وﺗﺮك‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺘﻌﺒﺪ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻻﻧﻘﻄﺎع‬ ‫ﳘﻮا‬ ‫اﻟﺬﻳﻦ‬ ‫اﻟﻨﻔﺮ‬ ‫ﻚ‬‫س‬
)٣(
.
‫ﻋﻤﻞ‬ ‫ﻛﻞ‬ ‫أن‬ ‫ذﻟﻚ‬ ‫ﻳﻌﻨﻲ‬ ‫وﻻ‬ ،‫اﳉﻨﺲ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻋﺘﺒﺎر‬ ‫ﻫﻮ‬ ‫إﻧﲈ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻔﻀﻴﻞ‬ ‫وﻫﺬا‬
‫ﻋﺒﺎدات‬ ‫واﳊﺞ‬ ‫واﻟﺼﻴﺎم‬ ‫اﻟﺼﻼة‬ ‫ﺑﻞ‬ ،‫ﻗﺎﴏ‬ ‫ﻋﻤﻞ‬ ‫ﻛﻞ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫أﻓﻀﻞ‬ ‫اﻟﻨﻔﻊ‬ ‫ﻣﺘﻌﺪي‬
‫ﻗﺎﴏة‬-‫اﻷﺻﻞ‬ ‫ﰲ‬-‫اﻟﻌﻈﺎم‬ ‫وﻣﺒﺎﻧﻴﻪ‬ ‫اﻹﺳﻼم‬ ‫أرﻛﺎن‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻫﻲ‬ ‫ذﻟﻚ‬ ‫وﻣﻊ‬.
‫ﻗﺎل‬ ‫وﻟﺬا‬‫اﻟﻌﻠﲈء‬ ‫ﺑﻌﺾ‬:)‫اﻟﻌﺒﺎدات‬ ‫أﻓﻀﻞ‬:‫اﻟﺮب‬ ‫ﻣﺮﺿﺎت‬ ‫ﻋﲆ‬ ‫اﻟﻌﻤﻞ‬
‫ووﻇﻴﻔﺘﻪ‬ ‫اﻟﻮﻗﺖ‬ ‫ذﻟﻚ‬ ‫ﻣﻘﺘﴣ‬ ‫ﻫﻮ‬ ‫ﳑﺎ‬ ‫وﻗﺖ‬ ‫ﻛﻞ‬ ‫ﰲ‬(
)٤(
.
)١(‫ﻣﺴﻠﻢ‬ ‫رواه‬)٣٤.(
)٢(‫ﻣﺴﻠﻢ‬ ‫رواه‬)٢٦٧٤.(
)٣(‫اﻟﺒﺨﺎري‬ ‫رواه‬)٤٧٧٦(‫وﻣﺴﻠﻢ‬ ،)٥.(
)٤(‫اﻟﺴﺎﻟﻜﲔ‬ ‫ﻣﺪارج‬ ‫اﻧﻈﺮ‬)١/٨٥-٨٧.(

 
 
،‫ﺳﺒﻴﻠﻬﻢ‬ ‫ﺳﻠﻚ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ووﻇﻴﻔﺔ‬ ،‫واﻟﺮﺳﻞ‬ ‫اﻷﻧﺒﻴﺎء‬ ‫ﻃﺮﻳﻖ‬ ‫ﻫﻮ‬ ‫اﳌﺘﻌﺪي‬ ‫اﻟﻨﻔﻊ‬ ‫إن‬
‫اﻟﻨﺎس‬ ‫ﳞﺪون‬ ‫اﻟﺬﻳﻦ‬ ‫وﻫﻢ‬ ،‫ﻟﻠﻨﺎس‬ ‫اﻟﻨﺎس‬ ‫أﻧﻔﻊ‬ ‫ﻓﻬﻢ‬ ،‫أﺛﺮﻫﻢ‬ ‫واﻗﺘﻔﻰ‬‫إﱃ‬‫اﷲ‬
،‫ﺗﻮﺣﻴﺪه‬ ‫إﱃ‬ ‫ﺑﺪﻋﻮﲥﻢ‬ ‫وذﻟﻚ‬ ،‫ﺑﺈذﻧﻪ‬ ‫اﻟﻨﻮر‬ ‫إﱃ‬ ‫اﻟﻈﻠﲈت‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫وﳜﺮﺟﻮﳖﻢ‬ ،‫ﺗﻌﺎﱃ‬
‫ﻋ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ ‫اﻟﺬي‬ِ‫ﺰ‬‫ﱠ‬‫ﺳﻌﺎدة‬ ‫وﻻ‬َ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫إﻻ‬ ‫واﻵﺧﺮة‬ ‫اﻟﺪﻧﻴﺎ‬ ‫ﰲ‬.
‫اﻟﺪﻧﻴﺎ‬ ‫أﻣﻮر‬ ‫ﻛﺬﻟﻚ‬ ‫ﺑﻞ‬،‫ﻓﻘﻂ‬ ‫اﻵﺧﺮة‬ ‫أﻣﻮر‬ ‫ﻳﺸﻤﻞ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻨﺎس‬ ‫اﻷﻧﺒﻴﺎء‬ ‫وﻧﻔﻊ‬:
-‫ﻓﻴﻮﺳﻒ‬u‫ﻣﴫ‬ ‫ﻟﻌﺰﻳﺰ‬ ‫اﳋﺰاﺋﻦ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﱃ‬:IHGFED
JLK]‫ﻳ‬‫ﻮﺳﻒ‬:٥٥[‫واﻟﻨﺠﺎة‬ ‫واﻟﻨﻔﻊ‬ ‫اﳋﲑ‬ ‫ذﻟﻚ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﻓﻜﺎن‬ ،
‫اﻟﻘﺤﻂ‬ ‫ﺳﻨﻮات‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬‫واﳉﺬب‬‫اﻟﺒﻼد‬ ‫أﺻﺎﺑﺖ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻲ‬.
-‫وﻣﻮﺳﻰ‬u‫ﻋﻠﻴﻪ‬ ‫وﺟﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﺪﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﻣﺎء‬ ‫ورد‬ ‫ﳌﺎ‬‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﲨﺎﻋﺔ‬،‫ﻳﺴﻘﻮن‬ ‫اﻟﻨﺎس‬
‫ﳍﲈ‬ ‫وﺳﻘﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﺒﺌﺮ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬ ‫اﳊﺠﺮ‬ ‫ﻓﺮﻓﻊ‬ ،‫ﻣﺴﺘﻀﻌﻔﺘﲔ‬ ‫اﻣﺮأﺗﲔ‬ ‫دوﳖﻢ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ووﺟﺪ‬
‫ر‬ ‫ﺣﺘﻰ‬َ‫أﻏﻨﺎﻣﻬﲈ‬ ‫وﻳﺖ‬.
-‫و‬‫ﻧﺒﻴﻨﺎ‬r‫ﺧﺪﳚﺔ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﻧﺖ‬‫ل‬‫ﺗﻘﻮل‬‫وﺻﻔ‬ ‫ﰲ‬‫ﻪ‬r:)‫واﷲ‬ ‫ﻛﻼ‬َ ‫ﱠ‬ َ‫ﻣﺎ‬
‫ﳜﺰﻳﻚ‬َ ِ ْ ُ‫اﷲ‬‫ﻟ‬ ‫إﻧﻚ‬ ‫أﺑﺪا‬َ َ ‫ﱠ‬ ًِ َ َ‫اﻟﻜ‬ ‫وﲢﻤﻞ‬ ‫اﻟﺮﺣﻢ‬ ‫ﺘﺼﻞ‬ُ ُِ ِْ َ َ َ ‫ﱠ‬
ِ َ‫وﺗﻘﺮي‬ ‫اﳌﻌﺪوم‬ ‫وﺗﻜﺴﺐ‬ ‫ﻞ‬ِ ْ َ ُ ََ ْ ُ ََ َْ ِ ‫ﱠ‬
‫و‬ ‫اﻟﻀﻴﻒ‬َ َْ ‫ﱠ‬‫ﺗ‬ُ‫ﻌ‬ِ‫ﲔ‬ُ ْ‫ﻋ‬َ‫ﲆ‬َ‫ﻧ‬َ‫ﻮ‬َ‫اﺋﺐ‬ِ‫اﳊ‬َ‫ﻖ‬ِ(
)١(
.
)١(‫اﻟﺒﺨﺎري‬ ‫رواه‬)٣.(

 
‫واﻟﺼﺎﳊﻮن‬ ‫اﻟﺼﺤﺎﺑﺔ‬ ‫ﺳﺎر‬ ‫اﻟﻘﻮﻳﻢ‬ ‫اﻟﻨﻬﺞ‬ ‫ﻫﺬا‬ ‫وﻋﲆ‬:
-‫اﻟﺼﺪﻳﻖ‬ ‫ﺑﻜﺮ‬ ‫ﻓﺄﺑﻮ‬t‫ﻳﺼﻞ‬ ‫ﻛﺎن‬‫ﳌﺎ‬ ‫وﻟﺬﻟﻚ‬ ،‫اﳌﺤﺘﺎﺟﲔ‬ ‫وﻳﺴﺎﻋﺪ‬ ‫اﻟﺮﺣﻢ‬
‫اﻟﺪﻏﻨ‬ ‫اﺑﻦ‬ ‫ﻟﻪ‬ ‫ﻗﺎل‬ ‫ﳜﺮﺟﻮه‬ ‫أن‬ ‫ﻗﻮﻣﻪ‬ ‫أراد‬‫ﱠ‬ ِ ‫ﱠ‬ ُ ْ َ‫ﺔ‬ِ‫اﳌﴩك‬:)‫ﳜ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ ‫ﻣﺜﻠﻚ‬ ‫إن‬ْ َ ِ‫ﺮ‬ُ‫ج‬ُ‫وﻻ‬
‫ﳜ‬ْ ُ‫ﺮ‬َ‫ج‬ُ‫اﻟﻀﻴﻒ‬ ‫وﺗﻘﺮي‬ ‫اﻟﻜﻞ‬ ‫وﲢﻤﻞ‬ ‫اﻟﺮﺣﻢ‬ ‫وﺗﺼﻞ‬ ‫اﳌﻌﺪوم‬ ‫ﺗﻜﺴﺐ‬ ‫ﻓﺈﻧﻚ‬
‫اﳊﻖ‬ ‫ﻧﻮاﺋﺐ‬ ‫ﻋﲆ‬ ‫وﺗﻌﲔ‬(
)١(
.
-‫اﳋﻄﺎب‬ ‫ﺑﻦ‬ ‫وﻋﻤﺮ‬t‫اﳌﺎ‬ ‫ﳍﻦ‬ ‫وﻳﺴﻘﻲ‬ ،‫اﻷراﻣﻞ‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻌﺎﻫﺪ‬ ‫ﻛﺎن‬‫ﻟﻴﻼ‬ ‫ء‬ً.
-‫اﳊﺴﲔ‬ ‫ﺑﻦ‬ ‫وﻋﲇ‬‫رﲪﻪ‬‫اﷲ‬‫ﻇﻼم‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫اﳌﺴﺎﻛﲔ‬ ‫ﺑﻴﻮت‬ ‫إﱃ‬ ‫اﳋﺒﺰ‬ ‫ﳛﻤﻞ‬ ‫ﻛﺎن‬
‫ذﻟﻚ‬ ‫ﻓﻘﺪوا‬ ‫ﻣﺎت‬ ‫ﻓﻠﲈ‬ ،‫اﻟﻠﻴﻞ‬،‫إﺳﺤﺎق‬ ‫اﺑﻦ‬ ‫ﻗﺎل‬:‫اﳌﺪﻳﻨﺔ‬ ‫أﻫﻞ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻧﺎس‬ ‫ﻛﺎن‬
‫ﻓﻘﺪوا‬ ‫اﳊﺴﲔ‬ ‫ﺑﻦ‬ ‫ﻋﲇ‬ ‫ﻣﺎت‬ ‫ﻓﻠﲈ‬ ‫ﻣﻌﺎﺷﻬﻢ‬ ‫أﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻳﺪرون‬ ‫وﻻ‬ ‫ﻳﻌﻴﺸﻮن‬
‫اﻟﻠﻴﻞ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﻳﺄﺗﻴﻬﻢ‬ ‫ﻛﺎن‬ ‫اﻟﺬي‬ ‫ذﻟﻚ‬
)٢(
.
‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫اﻟﺼﺎﳊﻮن‬ ‫وﻫﻜﺬا‬‫ﻟﻨﻔﻊ‬ ‫ﻓﺮﺻﺔ‬ ‫وﺟﺪوا‬ ‫إذا‬ ‫اﻷﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﻫﺬه‬‫ﻓﺮﺣﻮا‬ ،‫اﳋﻠﻖ‬
‫ﺷﺪﻳﺪا‬ ‫ﻓﺮﺣﺎ‬ ‫ﲠﺎ‬ً ً،‫أﻳﺎﻣﻬﻢ‬ ‫أﻓﻀﻞ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ذﻟﻚ‬ ‫وﻋﺪوا‬!.
-‫رﲪﻪ‬ ‫اﻟﺜﻮري‬ ‫ﺳﻔﻴﺎن‬ ‫ﻛﺎن‬‫اﷲ‬‫ﺑﺎﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﻋﲆ‬ ‫ﺳﺎﺋﻼ‬ ‫رأى‬ ‫إذا‬ ‫ﻳﻨﴩح‬ً!‫وﻳﻘﻮل‬:
)‫ذﻧﻮﰊ‬ ‫ﻳﻐﺴﻞ‬ ‫ﺟﺎء‬ ‫ﺑﻤﻦ‬ ‫ﻣﺮﺣﺒﺎ‬ً(.
-‫رﲪﻪ‬ ‫ﻋﻴﺎض‬ ‫ﺑﻦ‬ ‫اﻟﻔﻀﻴﻞ‬ ‫وﻛﺎن‬‫اﷲ‬‫ﻳﻘﻮل‬:)‫أزوادﻧﺎ‬ ‫ﳛﻤﻠﻮن‬ ،‫اﻟﺴﺎﺋﻠﻮن‬ ‫ﻧﻌﻢ‬
‫إ‬‫اﳌﻴﺰان‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﻳﻀﻌﻮﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﺣﺘﻰ‬ ‫أﺟﺮة‬ ‫ﺑﻐﲑ‬ ،‫اﻵﺧﺮة‬ ‫ﱃ‬(.
)١(‫اﻟﺒﺨﺎري‬ ‫رواه‬)٢١٧٥.(
)٢(‫ﺳﲑ‬‫اﻟﻨﺒﻼء‬ ‫أﻋﻼم‬)٤/٣٩٣.(

 
 
١-‫ﺗﻌﺎﱃ‬ ‫ﻗﺎل‬:*)('&%$#"!
0/.-,+]‫اﻟﻌﴫ‬:١–٣.[
‫اﻟﺴﻌﺪي‬ ‫ﻗﺎل‬‫رﲪﻪ‬‫اﷲ‬:،‫واﻟﻨﻬﺎر‬ ‫اﻟﻠﻴﻞ‬ ‫ﻫﻮ‬ ‫اﻟﺬي‬ ،‫ﺑﺎﻟﻌﴫ‬ ‫ﺗﻌﺎﱃ‬ ‫أﻗﺴﻢ‬
‫ﺧﺎ‬‫إﻧﺴﺎن‬‫ﻛﻞ‬‫أن‬‫وأﻋﲈﳍﻢ‬‫اﻟﻌﺒﺎد‬‫أﻓﻌﺎل‬‫ﳏﻞ‬‫ﺻﻔﺎت‬‫ﺑﺄرﺑﻊ‬‫اﺗﺼﻒ‬‫ﻣﻦ‬‫إﻻ‬،‫ﴎ‬:
-‫أﻣﺮ‬ ‫ﺑﲈ‬ ‫اﻹﻳﲈن‬‫اﷲ‬‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻹﻳﲈن‬ ‫ﺗﻌﺎﱃ‬.
-،‫واﻟﺒﺎﻃﻨﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻈﺎﻫﺮة‬ ،‫ﻛﻠﻬﺎ‬ ‫اﳋﲑ‬ ‫ﻷﻓﻌﺎل‬ ‫ﺷﺎﻣﻞ‬ ‫وﻫﺬا‬ ،‫اﻟﺼﺎﻟﺢ‬ ‫اﻟﻌﻤﻞ‬
‫ﺑﺤﻖ‬ ‫اﳌﺘﻌﻠﻘﺔ‬‫اﷲ‬‫واﳌﺴﺘﺤﺒﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻮاﺟﺒﺔ‬ ،‫ﻋﺒﺎده‬ ‫وﺣﻖ‬.
-‫أي‬ ،‫اﻟﺼﺎﻟﺢ‬ ‫واﻟﻌﻤﻞ‬ ‫اﻹﻳﲈن‬ ‫ﻫﻮ‬ ‫اﻟﺬي‬ ،‫ﺑﺎﳊﻖ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻮاﴆ‬:‫ﺑﻌﻀﻬﻢ‬ ‫ﻳﻮﴆ‬
‫ﺑﺬ‬ ‫ﺑﻌﻀﺎ‬ً‫ﻓﻴﻪ‬ ‫وﻳﺮﻏﺒﻪ‬ ،‫ﻋﻠﻴﻪ‬ ‫وﳛﺜﻪ‬ ،‫ﻟﻚ‬.
-‫ﻃﺎﻋﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﲆ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﺼﱪ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻮاﴆ‬‫اﷲ‬‫ﻣﻌﺼﻴﺔ‬ ‫وﻋﻦ‬ ،‫اﷲ‬‫أﻗﺪار‬ ‫وﻋﲆ‬ ،‫اﷲ‬‫اﳌﺆﳌﺔ‬.
‫ﻳﻜ‬ ،‫اﻷوﻟﲔ‬ ‫ﻓﺒﺎﻷﻣﺮﻳﻦ‬ُ‫وﺑﺎﻷﻣﺮﻳ‬ ،‫ﻧﻔﺴﻪ‬ ‫اﻹﻧﺴﺎن‬ ‫ﻤﻞ‬‫ﱢ‬‫ﻳﻜ‬ ‫اﻷﺧﲑﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﻦ‬ُ‫ﻤﻞ‬‫ﱢ‬
‫اﳋﺴﺎ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺳﻠﻢ‬ ‫ﻗﺪ‬ ‫اﻹﻧﺴﺎن‬ ‫ﻳﻜﻮن‬ ،‫اﻷرﺑﻌﺔ‬ ‫اﻷﻣﻮر‬ ‫وﺑﺘﻜﻤﻴﻞ‬ ،‫ﻏﲑه‬‫رة‬،‫وﻓﺎز‬
‫اﻟﻌﻈﻴﻢ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﺮﺑﺢ‬
)١(
.
‫وﻧﺼﺤﻬﻢ‬‫اﻵﺧﺮﻳﻦ‬‫ﻧﻔﻊ‬‫ﰲ‬‫ﺳﻌﻴﻪ‬‫ﻋﲆ‬‫ﻣﻮﻗﻮﻓﺔ‬‫اﳋﴪان‬‫ﻣﻦ‬‫اﻹﻧﺴﺎن‬‫ﻓﻨﺠﺎة‬‫إذا‬ً
‫واﻟﺼﱪ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﳊﻖ‬ ‫وﺗﻮﺻﻴﺘﻬﻢ‬.
)١(‫اﻟﺮﲪﻦ‬ ‫اﻟﻜﺮﻳﻢ‬ ‫ﺗﻴﺴﲑ‬)٩٣٤.(

 
٢-‫اﻟﻨﺒﻲ‬ ‫أﺧﱪ‬r‫ﻋﺒﺪاﷲ‬ ‫ﺑﻦ‬ ‫ﺟﺎﺑﺮ‬ ‫ﻓﻌﻦ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻨﺎس‬ ‫أﻧﻔﻌﻬﻢ‬ ‫اﻟﻨﺎس‬ ‫ﺧﲑ‬ ‫أن‬
‫اﻷﻧﺼﺎري‬‫ب‬‫ﻗﺎل‬:‫رﺳﻮل‬ ‫ﻗﺎل‬‫اﷲ‬r:»،‫وﻳﺆﻟﻒ‬ ‫ﻳﺄﻟﻒ‬ ‫اﳌﺆﻣﻦ‬ُ َُ َُ ََ ُ
ِ ُ
‫ﻳﺆ‬ ‫وﻻ‬ ‫ﻳﺄﻟﻒ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ ‫ﻓﻴﻤﻦ‬ ‫ﺧﲑ‬ ‫وﻻ‬ُ َ ََ َُ َ ِ
َ َ‫ﻟﻠﻨﺎس‬ ‫أﻧﻔﻌﻬﻢ‬ ‫اﻟﻨﺎس‬ ‫َوﺧﲑ‬ ،‫ﻟﻒ‬ِ ِ‫ﱠ‬ ‫ﱠ‬ َِ
ُ ُ َ َ
ُ ُ َ«
)١(
.
‫اﳌﻨﺎوي‬ ‫ﻗﺎل‬‫رﲪﻪ‬‫اﷲ‬:»‫ﻟﻠﻨﺎس‬ ‫أﻧﻔﻌﻬﻢ‬ ‫اﻟﻨﺎس‬ ‫ﺧﲑ‬ِ ِ‫ﱠ‬ ‫ﱠ‬ َِ
ُ ُ َ َ
ُ«‫إﻟﻴﻬﻢ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻹﺣﺴﺎن‬
‫ﻋﺒﺎد‬ ‫ﻓﺈﳖﻢ‬ ‫وﺟﺎﻫﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﲈﻟﻪ‬ُ‫اﷲ‬‫أي‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻨﺎس‬ ‫أﻧﻔﻌﻬﻢ‬ ‫إﻟﻴﻪ‬ ‫وأﺣﺒﻬﻢ‬ ،ُ ‫ﱡ‬:‫ﻧﻔﻌﺎ‬ ‫أﻛﺜﺮﻫﻢ‬ً ُ
‫دﻧﻴﺎ‬ ‫أو‬ ‫دﻳﻨﺎ‬ ‫ﻋﻨﻬﻢ‬ ‫ﻳﺪﻓﻌﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻧﻘﻤﺔ‬ ‫أو‬ ،‫ﻳﺴﺪﳞﺎ‬ ‫ﺑﻨﻌﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻨﺎس‬ً‫اﻟﺪﻳﻦ‬ ‫وﻣﻨﺎﻓﻊ‬ ،
‫ﻧﻔﻌﺎ‬ ‫وأﺑﻘﻰ‬ ‫ﻗﺪرا‬ ‫أﴍف‬ً ً)٢(
،‫رﲪﻪ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﻴﻢ‬ ‫اﺑﻦ‬ ‫ﻗﺎل‬‫اﷲ‬:)‫دل‬ ‫وﻗﺪ‬‫ﱠ‬‫واﻟﻨﻘﻞ‬ ‫اﻟﻌﻘﻞ‬
‫أن‬ ‫ﻋﲆ‬ ‫وﻧﺤﻠﻬﺎ‬ ‫وﻣﻠﻠﻬﺎ‬ ‫أﺟﻨﺎﺳﻬﺎ‬ ‫اﺧﺘﻼف‬ ‫ﻋﲆ‬ ‫اﻷﻣﻢ‬ ‫وﲡﺎرب‬ ‫واﻟﻔﻄﺮة‬
‫اﻷﺳﺒﺎب‬ ‫أﻋﻈﻢ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ،‫ﺧﻠﻘﻪ‬ ‫إﱃ‬ ‫واﻹﺣﺴﺎن‬ ‫واﻟﱪ‬ ،‫اﻟﻌﺎﳌﲔ‬ ‫رب‬ ‫إﱃ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻘﺮب‬
‫اﻷ‬ ‫أﻛﱪ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫أﺿﺪادﻫﺎ‬ ‫وأن‬ ،‫ﺧﲑ‬ ‫ﻟﻜﻞ‬ ‫اﳉﺎﻟﺒﺔ‬‫ﻓﲈ‬ ،‫ﴍ‬ ‫ﻟﻜﻞ‬ ‫اﳉﺎﻟﺒﺔ‬ ‫ﺳﺒﺎب‬
‫اﺳﺘﺠﻠ‬ِ
ْ ُ‫ﺒ‬َ‫ﺖ‬ْ‫ﻧ‬ِ‫ﻌ‬َ‫ﻢ‬ُ‫اﷲ‬‫واﺳﺘﺪﻓ‬ ،ِ ُ‫ﻌ‬َ‫ﺖ‬ْ‫ﻧ‬ِ‫ﻘ‬َ‫ﻤ‬ُ‫ﻪ‬ُ‫ﺧﻠﻘﻪ‬ ‫إﱃ‬ ‫واﻹﺣﺴﺎن‬ ‫ﻃﺎﻋﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﻤﺜﻞ‬ ،(
)٣(
.
٣-‫ﻋﻤﺮ‬ ‫اﺑﻦ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬‫ب‬‫اﻟﻨﺒﻲ‬ ‫أن‬r‫ﻗﺎل‬:»‫إﱃ‬ ‫اﻟﻨﺎس‬ ‫أﺣﺐ‬َ ِ ِ ‫ﱠ‬ ‫ﱡ‬ َ َ‫اﷲ‬‫أﻧﻔﻌﻬﻢ‬ْ ُ َ َ ْ َ
‫إﱃ‬ ‫اﻷﻋﲈل‬ ‫وأﺣﺐ‬ ،‫ﻟﻠﻨﺎس‬َ ِ ِ
َ ْ ‫ﱡ‬ َ ََ َ ِ ‫ﱠ‬ ِ‫اﷲ‬‫ﻣﺴ‬ ‫ﻋﲆ‬ ‫ﺗﺪﺧﻠﻪ‬ ‫ﴎور‬ْ ُ َُ َ ُ ُ ِ ْ ُ ٍ
ُ‫ﻋﻨﻪ‬ ‫ﺗﻜﺸﻒ‬ ‫أو‬ ،‫ﻠﻢ‬ُ َ ْْ َُ ِْ َِ ٍ
‫ﺗ‬ ‫أو‬ ،‫دﻳﻨﺎ‬ ‫ﻋﻨﻪ‬ ‫ﺗﻘﴤ‬ ‫أو‬ ،‫ﻛﺮﺑﺔ‬َ ً ْ َْ ُ َ ْ ََ َِ ِ ْ ً ْ ُ‫ﻄﺮ‬ُ ْ‫د‬َ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﱄ‬ ‫أخ‬ ‫ﻣﻊ‬ ‫أﻣﴚ‬ ‫وﻷن‬ ،‫ﺟﻮﻋﺎ‬ ‫ﻋﻨﻪ‬ِ ِ ٍ َ ََ َ ً ُ ُ ََ َْ
ِ ْ َ ْ
،‫اﳌﺪﻳﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﺴﺠﺪ‬ ‫ﻳﻌﻨﻲ‬ ،‫اﳌﺴﺠﺪ‬ ‫ﻫﺬا‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫أﻋﺘﻜﻒ‬ ‫أن‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫إﱄ‬ ‫أﺣﺐ‬ ‫ﺣﺎﺟﺔ‬ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ٍَ َ ََْ َِْ ِْ َ َ ْْ َ ْ ْ ‫ﱡ‬ َ َ ََ ِ َ َ َ َْ ‫ﱠ‬ َ ِ
)١(‫اﻷوﺳﻂ‬‫ﰲ‬‫اﻟﻄﱪاﲏ‬‫رواه‬)٥٩٤٩(،‫اﻟﺼﺤﻴﺤﺔ‬‫اﻟﺴﻠﺴﻠﺔ‬‫ﰲ‬‫اﻷﻟﺒﺎﲏ‬‫وﺣﺴﻨﻪ‬)٤٢٦(.
)٢(‫اﻟﻘﺪﻳﺮ‬ ‫ﻓﻴﺾ‬ ‫اﻧﻈﺮ‬)٣/٤٨١.(
)٣(‫اﻟﻜﺎﰲ‬ ‫اﳉﻮاب‬)٩.(

 
‫ﻏﻀﺒ‬ ‫ﻛﻒ‬ ‫وﻣﻦ‬ ،‫ﺷﻬﺮا‬َ ْ ََ َ ‫ﱠ‬ َ َ ً ْ َ‫ﺳﱰ‬ ‫ﻪ‬َ َ َ ُ‫اﷲ‬‫أن‬ ‫ﺷﺎء‬ ‫وﻟﻮ‬ ،‫ﻏﻴﻈﻪ‬ ‫ﻛﻈﻢ‬ ‫وﻣﻦ‬ ،‫ﻋﻮرﺗﻪ‬ْ َ َ َ ْ َ ُ ْ َ ُ ْ ََ َ َْ َ َ ََ َ َ
‫أﻣﻀﺎه‬ ‫ﻳﻤﻀﻴﻪ‬ُ َُ ْ َ ْ َُ ِ،‫ﻣﻸ‬َ َ‫اﷲ‬‫ﻣﻊ‬ ‫ﻣﺸﻰ‬ ‫وﻣﻦ‬ ،‫اﻟﻘﻴﺎﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﻳﻮم‬ ‫أﻣﻨﺎ‬ ‫ﻗﻠﺒﻪ‬ ‫وﺟﻞ‬ ‫ﻋﺰ‬َ ْ َ ْ ُ َ َ َ ََ َ َ َ َ َ َ َْ ِ ِ ْ ْ ‫ﱠ‬ً ‫ﱠ‬َ َ
‫أﺛﺒﺖ‬ ،‫ﻟﻪ‬ ‫أﺛﺒﺘﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺣﺘﻰ‬ ‫ﺣﺎﺟﺔ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫أﺧﻴﻪ‬َ َ ‫ﱠ‬َ ُ َ َ َ َْ َْ َ ََ َ
ٍ ِ ِِ‫اﷲ‬‫ﻋ‬ ‫ﻗﺪﻣﻪ‬ ‫وﺟﻞ‬ ‫ﻋﺰ‬َ ُ َ َ ََ َ ‫ﱠ‬َ ‫ﱠ‬‫ﻳﻮم‬ ‫اﻟﴫاط‬ ‫ﲆ‬َ َْ
ِ
َ ‫ﱢ‬ َ
‫اﻷﻗﺪام‬ ‫ﻓﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﺗﺰل‬ُ َ َْ َ ِ ِ ‫ﱡ‬ ِ«
)١(
.
‫ﻗﻮﻟﻪ‬r:»‫ﰲ‬ ‫أﻋﺘﻜﻒ‬ ‫أن‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫إﱄ‬ ‫أﺣﺐ‬ ‫ﺣﺎﺟﺔ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﱄ‬ ‫أخ‬ ‫ﻣﻊ‬ ‫أﻣﴚ‬ ‫وﻷن‬ِ َِ ِ ِ ٍ َِ ْ ْ ‫ﱡ‬ َ َ َ َ ََ َ َ َ َْ ْ‫ﱠ‬ ََ ِ ِ ٍ َ ْ َ
‫ﺷﻬﺮا‬ ،‫اﳌﺪﻳﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﺴﺠﺪ‬ ‫ﻳﻌﻨﻲ‬ ،‫اﳌﺴﺠﺪ‬ ‫ﻫﺬا‬ً ْ َ َ ْْ َ ِ ِ ِ َِ ََْ َِْ ِْ ََ«‫؛‬‫ﻗﺎﴏ‬ ‫ﻧﻔﻌﻪ‬ ‫اﻻﻋﺘﻜﺎف‬ ‫ﻷن‬ٌ‫ﻋﲆ‬
‫ﰲ‬ ‫اﳌﴚ‬ ‫أﻣﺎ‬ ،‫اﻟﻌﺒﺪ‬‫اﻟﻨﺎس‬ ‫ﺣﺎﺟﺔ‬‫ﻓ‬‫ﻨﻔﻌ‬‫ﻪ‬‫ﻣﺘﻌﺪ‬ٍ‫ﻟﻠﻐﲑ‬،‫وﻫﻮ‬‫ﻟﻠﻌﺒﺎد‬ ‫أﻧﻔﻊ‬‫ﻗﻄﻌﺎ‬ً.
‫ﻋﺜﻴﻤﲔ‬ ‫اﺑﻦ‬ ‫اﻟﺸﻴﺦ‬ ‫وﺳﺌﻞ‬‫رﲪﻪ‬‫اﷲ‬:‫ﺑﺎﳍﺎﺗﻒ‬ ‫اﻻﺗﺼﺎل‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻤﻌﺘﻜﻒ‬ ‫ﳚﻮز‬ ‫ﻫﻞ‬
‫اﳌﺴﻠﻤﲔ؟‬ ‫ﺣﻮاﺋﺞ‬ ‫ﻟﻘﻀﺎء‬
‫ﻗﺎل‬:،‫اﳌﺴﻠﻤﲔ‬‫ﺣﻮاﺋﺞ‬‫ﺑﻌﺾ‬‫ﻟﻘﻀﺎء‬‫ﺑﺎﳍﺎﺗﻒ‬‫ﻳﺘﺼﻞ‬‫أن‬‫ﻟﻠﻤﻌﺘﻜﻒ‬‫ﳚﻮز‬‫ﻧﻌﻢ‬
‫ﱂ‬ ‫ﻷﻧﻪ‬ ،‫ﻓﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﻌﺘﻜﻒ‬ ‫ﻫﻮ‬ ‫اﻟﺬي‬ ‫اﳌﺴﺠﺪ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫اﳍﺎﺗﻒ‬ ‫ﻛﺎن‬ ‫إذا‬،‫اﳌﺴﺠﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﳜﺮج‬
‫ﻛﺎن‬ ‫إذا‬ ‫اﳌﺴﻠﻤﲔ‬ ‫ﺣﻮاﺋﺞ‬ ‫وﻗﻀﺎء‬ ،‫ﻟﺬﻟﻚ‬ ‫ﳜﺮج‬ ‫ﻓﻼ‬ ‫اﳌﺴﺠﺪ‬ ‫ﺧﺎرج‬ ‫ﻛﺎن‬ ‫إذا‬ ‫أﻣﺎ‬
‫ﻣﻌﻨﻴﺎ‬ ‫اﻟﺮﺟﻞ‬ ‫ﻫﺬا‬ً‫ﻳﻌﺘﻜﻒ‬ ‫ﻓﻼ‬ ‫ﲠﺎ‬‫؛‬‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫أﻫﻢ‬ ‫اﳌﺴﻠﻤﲔ‬ ‫ﺣﻮاﺋﺞ‬ ‫ﻗﻀﺎء‬ ‫ﻷن‬
‫اﻻﻋﺘﻜﺎف‬‫؛‬‫ﻣﺘﻌﺪ‬ ‫ﻧﻔﻌﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻷن‬ٍ‫إﻻ‬ ،‫اﻟﻘﺎﴏ‬ ‫اﻟﻨﻔﻊ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫أﻓﻀﻞ‬ ‫اﳌﺘﻌﺪي‬ ‫واﻟﻨﻔﻊ‬ ،
‫و‬ ‫اﻹﺳﻼم‬ ‫ﻣﻬﲈت‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﺎﴏ‬ ‫اﻟﻨﻔﻊ‬ ‫ﻛﺎن‬ ‫إذا‬‫واﺟﺒﺎﺗﻪ‬
)٢(
.
)١(‫اﳊﻮاﺋﺞ‬ ‫ﻗﻀﺎء‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫اﻟﺪﻧﻴﺎ‬ ‫أﰊ‬ ‫اﺑﻦ‬ ‫رواه‬)٣٦(‫اﻟﱰ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫اﻷﻟﺒﺎﲏ‬ ‫وﺣﺴﻨﻪ‬ ،‫ﻏﻴﺐ‬)٢٦٢٣.(
)٢(‫ﻋﺜﻴﻤﲔ‬ ‫اﺑﻦ‬ ‫ﻓﺘﺎوى‬ ‫ﳎﻤﻮع‬)٢٠/١٢٦.(

 
٤-‫ﻋﺒﺪاﷲ‬ ‫ﺑﻦ‬ ‫ﺟﺎﺑﺮ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬‫ب‬‫ﻗﺎل‬:‫اﻟﻨﺒﻲ‬ ‫ﻗﺎل‬r:»‫ا‬ ‫ﻳﻐﺮس‬ ‫ﻻ‬ُ ِ ْ َ َ‫ﳌ‬ُ‫ﺴﻠﻢ‬ُ ْ
ِ
‫ﻳﻮم‬ ‫إﱃ‬ ‫ﺻﺪﻗﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻪ‬ ‫ﻛﺎن‬ ‫إﻻ‬ ‫ﻃﲑ‬ ‫وﻻ‬ ‫داﺑﺔ‬ ‫وﻻ‬ ‫إﻧﺴﺎن‬ ‫ﻣﻨﻪ‬ ‫ﻓﻴﺄﻛﻞ‬ ‫ﻏﺮﺳﺎ‬ِ ْ َ ُ َ ‫ﱠ‬ َ َ َُ ْ َ َ ً َْ ِ ِ ًِ َ ٌَ َْ ََ ٌَ ُ‫ﱠ‬ َ ٌَ َ ْ ِ ْ َ َ
‫اﻟﻘﻴﺎﻣﺔ‬ِ ِ
َ َ ْ«
)١(
.
‫ﻟﻪ‬ ‫ﻟﻔﻆ‬ ‫وﰲ‬:»‫إﻻ‬ ‫ﻏﺮﺳﺎ‬ ‫ﻳﻐﺮس‬ ‫ﻣﺴﻠﻢ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻣﺎ‬‫ﱠ‬ ِ ً ْ َ ْ ُ ََ ُ ِْ ْ ٍ ِ ِ‫ﺻﺪﻗﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﻨﻪ‬ ‫أﻛﻞ‬ ‫ﻣﺎ‬ ‫ﻛﺎن‬ً َ َ َْ ُ َُ َِ ِ
َ َ َ،
‫ﺻﺪﻗﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﻨﻪ‬ ‫ﴎق‬ ‫وﻣﺎ‬ٌ َ ََ َْ ُ ُ ََ ِ ِ ُ َ،‫ﺻﺪﻗﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻪ‬ ‫ﻓﻬﻮ‬ ‫ﻣﻨﻪ‬ ‫اﻟﺴﺒﻊ‬ ‫أﻛﻞ‬ ‫وﻣﺎ‬ٌ َ َ َْ ُ َ ُ ُ ُ ََ َُ َ ِ
‫ﱠ‬ ََ َ،‫اﻟﻄﲑ‬ ‫أﻛﻠﺖ‬ ‫وﻣﺎ‬ُ ْ َ‫ﱠ‬ ْ َ َ َ َ
‫ﺻﺪﻗﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻪ‬ ‫ﻓﻬﻮ‬ٌ َ َ َ ُ ََ ُ َ،‫ﺻﺪﻗﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻪ‬ ‫ﻛﺎن‬ ‫إﻻ‬ ‫أﺣﺪ‬ ‫ﻳﺮزؤه‬ ‫وﻻ‬ٌ َ َ ٌَ ُ َ ُ ََ َ َ ‫ﱠ‬ َِ َ ُ َ ْ َ«
)٢(
.
‫اﻟﺪرداء‬ ‫أﰊ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬t‫رﺟﻼ‬ ‫أن‬‫ﻏﺮﺳﺎ‬ ‫ﻳﻐﺮس‬ ‫وﻫﻮ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﺮ‬ً‫ﻓﻘﺎل‬ ،‫ﺑﺪﻣﺸﻖ‬
‫ﻟﻪ‬:‫رﺳﻮل‬ ‫ﺻﺎﺣﺐ‬ ‫وأﻧﺖ‬ ‫ﻫﺬا‬ ‫أﺗﻔﻌﻞ‬‫اﷲ‬r‫؟‬!‫ﻓﻘﺎل‬:‫ﺳﻤﻌﺖ‬ ،‫ﻋﲇ‬ ‫ﺗﻌﺠﻞ‬ ‫ﻻ‬
‫رﺳﻮل‬‫اﷲ‬r‫ﻳﻘﻮل‬:»‫ﺧﻠﻖ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺧﻠﻖ‬ ‫وﻻ‬ ‫آدﻣﻲ‬ ‫ﻣﻨﻪ‬ ‫ﻳﺄﻛﻞ‬ ‫ﱂ‬ ‫ﻏﺮﺳﺎ‬ ‫ﻏﺮس‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ِ ْ ْ َْ َ ْْ َ َ ُ َ ْ
ِ ِ ٌِ َ ‫ﱞ‬ َ ً ْ َ َُ ْ
ْ َ َ َ
‫اﷲ‬‫ﺻﺪﻗﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻪ‬ ‫ﻛﺎن‬ ‫إﻻ‬ ‫وﺟﻞ‬ ‫ﻋﺰ‬ً َ َ ‫ﱠ‬َ ُ َ َ ََ ‫ﱠ‬َ َ ‫ﱠ‬ ِ«
)٣(
.
‫اﻟﻨﻮوي‬ ‫ﻗﺎل‬‫رﲪ‬‫ﻪ‬‫اﷲ‬:)،‫اﻟﺰرع‬ ‫وﻓﻀﻴﻠﺔ‬ ،‫اﻟﻐﺮس‬ ‫ﻓﻀﻴﻠﺔ‬ ‫اﻷﺣﺎدﻳﺚ‬ ‫ﻫﺬه‬ ‫ﰲ‬
‫ﻳﻮم‬ ‫إﱃ‬ ‫ﻣﻨﻪ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﻟﺪ‬ ‫وﻣﺎ‬ ،‫واﻟﺰرع‬ ‫اﻟﻐﺮاس‬ ‫دام‬ ‫ﻣﺎ‬ ‫ﻣﺴﺘﻤﺮ‬ ‫ذﻟﻚ‬ ‫ﻓﺎﻋﲇ‬ ‫أﺟﺮ‬ ‫وأن‬
‫اﻟﻘﻴﺎﻣﺔ‬.‫أﻳﻀﺎ‬ ‫اﻷﺣﺎدﻳﺚ‬ ‫ﻫﺬه‬ ‫وﰲ‬ً‫أن‬‫ﱠ‬‫ﻳ‬ ‫اﻹﻧﺴﺎن‬ُ‫ﴎ‬ ‫ﻣﺎ‬ ‫ﻋﲆ‬ ‫ﺜﺎب‬ِ ُ‫ق‬َ‫أو‬ ‫ﻣﺎﻟﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬
‫داﺑﺔ‬‫أﺗﻠﻔﺘﻪ‬ٌ‫ﻃﺎﺋﺮ‬‫أو‬ٌ‫وﻧﺤﻮﳘﺎ‬.‫وﻗﻮﻟﻪ‬r:»‫ﻳﺮزؤه‬‫وﻻ‬ُ َُ َ ْ َ َ«‫أي‬‫ﻣﻨﻪ‬‫وﻳﺄﺧﺬ‬‫ﻳﻨﻘﺼﻪ‬(
)٤(
.
)١(‫ﻣﺴﻠﻢ‬ ‫رواه‬)١٥٥٣.(
)٢(‫ﻣﺴﻠﻢ‬ ‫رواه‬)١٥٥٢.(
)٣(‫أﲪﺪ‬ ‫رواه‬)٢٧٥٤٦(‫و‬ ،‫ﺻﺤﺤﻪ‬‫واﻟﱰﻫﻴﺐ‬ ‫اﻟﱰﻏﻴﺐ‬ ‫ﺻﺤﻴﺢ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫اﻷﻟﺒﺎﲏ‬)٢٦٠٠.(
)٤(‫ﻣﺴﻠﻢ‬ ‫ﻋﲆ‬ ‫اﻟﻨﻮوي‬ ‫ﴍح‬)٥/٣٩٦.(

 
‫اﻟﻌﻠﲈء‬ ‫ﺑﻌﺾ‬ ‫ذﻫﺐ‬ ‫وﻟﺬﻟﻚ‬)‫اﻟﻨﻮوي‬ ‫وﺻﺤﺤﻪ‬‫رﲪﻪ‬‫اﷲ‬(‫ﺗﻔﻀﻴﻞ‬ ‫إﱃ‬
،‫اﻟﺰراﻋﺔ‬ ‫ﻧﻔﻊ‬ ‫ﻟﻌﻤﻮم‬ ‫وذﻟﻚ‬ ‫واﻟﺘﺠﺎرة‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﺼﻨﺎﻋﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻌﻤﻞ‬ ‫ﻋﲆ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﺰراﻋﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻌﻤﻞ‬
‫واﳊﴩا‬ ‫واﻟﻄﻴﻮر‬ ‫واﻟﺪواب‬ ‫اﻟﻨﺎس‬ ‫ﻧﻔﻊ‬ ‫ﺗﺸﻤﻞ‬ ‫أﳖﺎ‬ ‫ﺣﺘﻰ‬‫ت‬
)١(
.
٥-‫ﺻﺪﻗﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻬﻮ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻨﺎس‬ ‫اﻹﻧﺴﺎن‬ ‫ﻳﺒﺬﻟﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﻌﺮوف‬ ‫ﻛﻞ‬:
‫ﻋ‬‫ﺑﻦ‬‫ﺟﺎﺑﺮ‬‫ﻋﻦ‬‫ﺒﺪاﷲ‬‫ب‬‫اﻟﻨﺒﻲ‬‫ﻋﻦ‬r‫ﻗﺎل‬:»‫ﺻﺪﻗﺔ‬‫ﻣﻌﺮوف‬‫ﻛﻞ‬َ َ ْ
ٍ
ُ َ ‫ﱡ‬ ُ«
)٢(
.
‫ذر‬ ‫أﰊ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬t‫ﻗﺎل‬:‫رﺳﻮل‬ ‫ﻗﺎل‬‫اﷲ‬r:»‫ﻳﻮم‬ ‫ﻛﻞ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﻧﻔﺲ‬ ‫ﻛﻞ‬ ‫ﻋﲆ‬ٍ ْ ََ ‫ﱢ‬ ‫ﱢ‬ُ ُِ ٍ ْ َ َ
‫ﻧﻔﺴﻪ‬ ‫ﻋﲆ‬ ‫ﻣﻨﻪ‬ ‫ﺻﺪﻗﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺸﻤﺲ‬ ‫ﻓﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﻃﻠﻌﺖ‬ِ ِ ِ ِ ِْ َ ‫ﱠ‬َ َ ُ َ ُ َْ َ ٌْ َ ْ َ َ‫ﻗﻠﺖ‬ ،ُ ْ ُ:‫رﺳﻮل‬ ‫ﻳﺎ‬َ ُ َ َ‫اﷲ‬‫أﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬َ ْ َْ ِ
‫أﻣﻮال‬ ‫ﻟﻨﺎ‬ ‫وﻟﻴﺲ‬ ‫أﺗﺼﺪق‬ٌ َ ََ َ ْ َ َْ َ ََ ُ ‫ﱠ‬ َ‫ﻗﺎل‬ ‫؟‬َ َ:‫إن‬‫ﱠ‬‫وﺳﺒﺤﺎن‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻜﺒﲑ‬ ‫اﻟﺼﺪﻗﺔ‬ ‫أﺑﻮاب‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬َ َ ْ َ ‫ﱠ‬ َ ْ ُْ َ ِ ْ ‫ﱠ‬ َِ َِ ِ َ‫اﷲ‬
‫واﳊﻤﺪ‬ُ ْ َْ َ‫ﷲ‬‫إﻻ‬ ‫إﻟﻪ‬ ‫وﻻ‬‫ﱠ‬ َِ َِ ََ‫اﷲ‬‫وأﺳﺘﻐﻔﺮ‬ُ ْ
ِ ْ َ َ َ،‫اﷲ‬‫اﳌﻨﻜﺮ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬ ‫وﺗﻨﻬﻰ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﳌﻌﺮوف‬ ‫وﺗﺄﻣﺮ‬ِ َِ ْ ْ َ َُْ َْْ َ َ ْ ََ
ِ
ُ ُ ُ ْ،
‫واﳊﺠﺮ‬ ‫واﻟﻌﻈﻢ‬ ‫اﻟﻨﺎس‬ ‫ﻃﺮﻳﻖ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬ ‫اﻟﺸﻮﻛﺔ‬ ‫وﺗﻌﺰل‬َ ََ َ َ َ ْ َ ْ ْ ََْ ِْ َْ ‫ﱠ‬ َِ ِ َِ َ ‫ﱠ‬ ُ،‫وﺗﺴﻤﻊ‬ ‫اﻷﻋﻤﻰ‬ ‫وﲥﺪي‬ُ َ ْ َ
ِ ِ
ْ َُ ََ ْ ْ
‫ﻳﻔﻘﻪ‬ ‫ﺣﺘﻰ‬ ‫واﻷﺑﻜﻢ‬ ‫اﻷﺻﻢ‬َ َ ْ َ ََ ْ َ َ ‫ﱠ‬‫ﱠ‬ َ َ َْ ْ،‫ﻣﻜﺎﳖﺎ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻤﺖ‬ ‫ﻗﺪ‬ ‫ﻟﻪ‬ ‫ﺣﺎﺟﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﲆ‬ ‫اﳌﺴﺘﺪل‬ ‫وﺗﺪل‬َ َ ْ َْ َ ُ َ َ َ ََ َ ْ َ ُِ ٍ ِ َِ َ َ ‫ﱠ‬ ‫ﱡ‬ُْ،
‫اﳌﺴﺘﻐﻴﺚ‬ ‫اﻟﻠﻬﻔﺎن‬ ‫إﱃ‬ ‫ﺳﺎﻗﻴﻚ‬ ‫ﺑﺸﺪة‬ ‫وﺗﺴﻌﻰ‬ِ ِ ِ َِ ‫ﱠ‬ َْ ْ َ ُْْ ِ َ ْ ‫ﱠ‬ َ ِ َ َ ِ َ َ،‫ﻣﻊ‬ ‫ذراﻋﻴﻚ‬ ‫ﺑﺸﺪة‬ ‫وﺗﺮﻓﻊ‬َ َ ُ ََ ْ َ َْ ِ ِ ِ‫ﱠ‬ َِ َ
‫اﻟﻀﻌﻴ‬ِ ‫ﱠ‬‫ﻒ‬ِ،‫ﻧﻔﺴﻚ‬ ‫ﻋﲆ‬ ‫ﻣﻨﻚ‬ ‫اﻟﺼﺪﻗﺔ‬ ‫أﺑﻮاب‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ذﻟﻚ‬ ‫ﻛﻞ‬َ َ َِ ِ ِ ِ ِْ َ َ َ ‫ﱠ‬ َ ْ ْْ ََ ِ َ َ ‫ﱡ‬ ُ،‫ﲨﺎﻋﻚ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫وﻟﻚ‬َ َِ
َ ِ ِ َ َ
‫أﺟﺮ‬ ‫زوﺟﺘﻚ‬ٌ ْ َ َْ َ َ َ‫ذر‬ ‫أﺑﻮ‬ ‫ﻗﺎل‬ ،‫ﱟ‬ َ َُ َ َ:‫ﻳﻜ‬ ‫ﻛﻴﻒ‬َ َْ َ‫رﺳﻮل‬ ‫ﻓﻘﺎل‬ ‫ﺷﻬﻮﰐ؟‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫أﺟﺮ‬ ‫ﱄ‬ ‫ﻮن‬ُ َُ َ ٌَ َ ُِ َ ْ َْ ِ َ ِ‫اﷲ‬
r:‫ﻓ‬ ‫ﺧﲑه‬ ‫ورﺟﻮت‬ ‫ﻓﺄدرك‬ ‫وﻟﺪ‬ ‫ﻟﻚ‬ ‫ﻛﺎن‬ ‫ﻟﻮ‬ ‫أرأﻳﺖ‬َ َُ ْ َ َ ْ َ َْ ْ َ َ ْ ََ َ ٌ ََ َ َ َ ََ َ َ َ َ‫ﺑﻪ؟‬ ‫ﲢﺘﺴﺐ‬ ‫أﻛﻨﺖ‬ ‫ﲈت‬ِ ِِ ُ َ َ ْ َْ َ ُ َ
َ
‫ﻗﻠﺖ‬ُ ْ ُ:‫ﻧﻌﻢ‬ْ َ َ.‫ﻗﺎل‬َ َ:‫ﺧﻠﻘﺘﻪ؟‬ ‫ﻓﺄﻧﺖ‬ُ َ َ َْ َ ْ َ َ‫ﻗﺎل‬َ َ:‫ﺑﻞ‬ْ َ‫اﷲ‬‫ﺧﻠﻘﻪ‬ُ َ َ َ،‫ﻗﺎل‬َ َ‫ﻫﺪﻳﺘﻪ؟‬ ‫ﻓﺄﻧﺖ‬ُ ََ َ َْ ْ َ َ‫ﻗﺎل‬َ َ:
)١(‫ﻣﺴﻠﻢ‬ ‫ﻋﲆ‬ ‫اﻟﻨﻮوي‬ ‫ﴍح‬)٥/٣٩٦.(
)٢(‫اﻟﺒﺨﺎري‬ ‫رواه‬)٥٦٧٥.(

 
‫ﺑﻞ‬ْ َ‫اﷲ‬‫ﻗﺎل‬ ،‫ﻫﺪاه‬َ َ ُ َ َ:‫ﺗﺮزﻗﻪ؟‬ ‫ﻓﺄﻧﺖ‬ُ ُ ُ ْ َ َ ْ َ َ‫ﻗﺎل‬َ َ:‫ﺑﻞ‬ْ َ‫اﷲ‬‫ﻗﺎل‬ ،‫ﻳﺮزﻗﻪ‬ ‫ﻛﺎن‬َ َ ُ َُ َُ ْ َ:‫ﻓﻀﻌﻪ‬ ‫ﻛﺬﻟﻚ‬ُ ْ َ َ َ ِ َ َ
‫ﺣﻼﻟ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ِ َ َ ِ‫ﺷﺎء‬ ‫ﻓﺈن‬ ‫ﺣﺮاﻣﻪ‬ ‫وﺟﻨﺒﻪ‬ ‫ﻪ‬َ َ َْ ِ ُ َ ُ ْ َ ََ َ ‫ﱢ‬ ِ‫اﷲ‬‫أﺟﺮ‬ ‫وﻟﻚ‬ ‫أﻣﺎﺗﻪ‬ ‫ﺷﺎء‬ ‫وإن‬ ‫أﺣﻴﺎه‬ٌ َ َْ َ ُ َ ُ َْ َ ََ َ َ َ َ ْ ِ«
)١(
.
‫ﻫﺮﻳﺮة‬ ‫أﰊ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬t‫ﻗﺎل‬:‫رﺳﻮل‬ ‫ﻗﺎل‬‫اﷲ‬r:»‫اﻟﻨﺎس‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺳﻼﻣﻰ‬ ‫ﻛﻞ‬ِ ‫ﱠ‬ ْ
ِ
َ َُ ‫ﱡ‬ ُ
‫ﺻﺪﻗﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻴﻪ‬ٌ َ َ َ َ
ِ
ْ َ،‫ﺻﺪﻗﺔ‬ ‫اﻻﺛﻨﲔ‬ ‫ﺑﲔ‬ ‫ﻳﻌﺪل‬ ‫اﻟﺸﻤﺲ‬ ‫ﻓﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﺗﻄﻠﻊ‬ ‫ﻳﻮم‬ ‫ﻛﻞ‬ٌ َ َْ َ ََ َ ْ ُ ُ ِْ ْ ْ َ ْ َ
ِ َ ُ ِ ِ ِ‫ﱠ‬ ُ ‫ﱠ‬ْ ٍ ُ،‫وﻳﻌﲔ‬ُ
ِ
ُ َ
‫ﺻﺪﻗﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﺘﺎﻋﻪ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻳﺮﻓﻊ‬ ‫أو‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻓﻴﺤﻤﻞ‬ ‫داﺑﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﻋﲆ‬ ‫اﻟﺮﺟﻞ‬ٌ َ َ ََ ُ َ َ ُ ْ َ ْ ‫ﱠ‬ َ َ َُ ْ ْ َ ْ َ ‫ﱠ‬َ ََ َ ُ ََ ََ ِ ِ ِ َ،‫اﻟﻄﻴﺒﺔ‬ ‫واﻟﻜﻠﻤﺔ‬ُ َُ َ‫ﱢ‬ َ‫ﱠ‬ ِ َ ْ
‫ﺻﺪﻗﺔ‬ٌ َ َ َ،‫ﺻﺪﻗﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺼﻼة‬ ‫إﱃ‬ ‫ﳜﻄﻮﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﺧﻄﻮة‬ ‫وﻛﻞ‬ٌ َ َ َُ ‫ﱠ‬ َ َ َ
ِ ٍَ َ ِ ُ ْْ َ ‫ﱡ‬ ُ،‫اﻟﻄﺮﻳﻖ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬ ‫اﻷذى‬ ‫وﻳﻤﻴﻂ‬ِ ِ ‫ﱠ‬ ُْ َ ََ َ ْ ِ
ُ
‫ﺻﺪﻗﺔ‬ٌ َ َ َ«
)٢(
.
٦-‫واﻟﺴﻌﻲ‬‫اﻟﻨﺎر‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫واﻟﻨﺠﺎة‬ ‫اﳉﻨﺔ‬ ‫دﺧﻮل‬ ‫أﺳﺒﺎب‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫اﻟﻨﺎس‬ ‫ﻳﻨﻔﻊ‬ ‫ﻓﻴﲈ‬:
-‫ذر‬ ‫أﰊ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬t‫ﻗﺎل‬:‫اﻟﻨﺒﻲ‬ ‫ﺳﺄﻟﺖ‬r‫ﻗﺎل‬ ‫أﻓﻀﻞ؟‬ ‫اﻟﻌﻤﻞ‬ ‫أي‬:»‫إﻳﲈن‬ٌ َ ِ
ِ‫ﷲ‬‫ﺑﺎ‬ِ‫ﺳﺒﻴﻠﻪ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫وﺟﻬﺎد‬ِ ِ َ ِ ٌ ََ ِ‫ﻗﻠﺖ‬ ،ُِ ْ ُ:‫ﻗﺎل‬ ‫أﻓﻀﻞ؟‬ ‫اﻟﺮﻗﺎب‬ ‫ﻓﺄي‬َ َُ ْ َ ََ َ ِ ‫ﱢ‬ ‫ﱡ‬ َ:‫أ‬َ‫ﻏ‬‫ﺛﻤﻨﺎ‬ ‫ﻼﻫﺎ‬ً َ َ َ َ
‫أﻫﻠﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻋﻨﺪ‬ ‫وأﻧﻔﺴﻬﺎ‬َ َ
ِ ِ
ْ ََ ََ ْ ُ َ ْ‫ﻗﻠﺖ‬ ،ُ ْ ُ:‫ﻓ‬َ‫ﻗﺎل‬ ‫أﻓﻌﻞ؟‬ ‫ﱂ‬ ‫ﺈن‬َ َْ ْ َْ َ
ْ َ ِ:‫ﺗﺼﻨﻊ‬ ‫أو‬ ‫ﺻﺎﻧﻌﺎ‬ ‫ﺗﻌﲔ‬ُ ْ ْ ًَ َ َُ ُ
ِ
‫ﻷﺧﺮق‬َ َ ْ َ ِ‫ﻗﺎل‬ ،َ َ:‫ﻗﺎل‬ ‫أﻓﻌﻞ؟‬ ‫ﱂ‬ ‫ﻓﺈن‬َ َْ ْ ْ ََ َ
ْ َ ِ:‫ﺻﺪﻗﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﺈﳖﺎ‬ ‫اﻟﴩ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫اﻟﻨﺎس‬ ‫ﺗﺪع‬ٌ َ ‫ﱠ‬َ ‫ﱠ‬ َ ََ ‫ﱠ‬ ْ َ َُ ِ َ ‫ﱢ‬
ِ
‫ﻧﻔﺴﻚ‬ ‫ﻋﲆ‬ ‫ﲠﺎ‬ ‫ﺗﺼﺪق‬َ ِ ْ َ َ َ ََ ِ ُ ‫ﱠ‬ َ«
)٣(
.
-‫ذر‬ ‫أﰊ‬ ‫وﻋﻦ‬t‫ﻗﺎل‬:‫ﻗﻠﺖ‬:‫رﺳﻮل‬ ‫ﻳﺎ‬‫اﷲ‬‫اﻟﻨﺎر؟‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫اﻟﻌﺒﺪ‬ ‫ﻳﻨﺠﻲ‬ ‫ﻣﺎذا‬
‫ﻗﺎل‬:»ِ‫ﷲ‬‫ﺑﺎ‬ ‫اﻹﻳﲈن‬ِ ُ َ ِ«.
)١(‫ﺣﺒﺎن‬‫اﺑﻦ‬‫رواه‬)٣٣٧٧(‫وأﲪﺪ‬)٢١٥٢٢(‫اﻟﺼﺤﻴﺤﺔ‬‫اﻟﺴﻠﺴﻠﺔ‬‫ﰲ‬‫اﻷﻟﺒﺎﲏ‬‫وﺻﺤﺤﻪ‬،)٥٧٥.(
)٢(‫اﻟﺒﺨﺎري‬ ‫رواه‬)٢٨٢٧.(
)٣(‫اﻟﺒﺨﺎري‬ ‫رواه‬)٢٣٨٢.(

 
‫ﻗﻠﺖ‬:‫رﺳﻮل‬ ‫ﻳﺎ‬‫اﷲ‬‫ﻋﻤﻼ‬ ‫اﻹﻳﲈن‬ ‫ﻣﻊ‬ ‫إن‬ً.
‫ﻗﺎل‬:»‫ﻳ‬َ‫ﺮﺿ‬ْ‫رزﻗﻪ‬ ‫ﳑﺎ‬ ‫ﺦ‬ُ َ َ َ ‫ﱠ‬ ِ ُ‫اﷲ‬«]‫اﻟﺮﺿﺦ‬:‫اﻟﻌﻄﺎء‬ ‫ﻫﻮ‬[.
‫ﻗﻠﺖ‬:‫رﺳﻮل‬ ‫ﻳﺎ‬‫اﷲ‬‫؟‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﻳﺮﺿﺦ‬ ‫ﻣﺎ‬ ‫ﳚﺪ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ ‫ﻓﻘﲑا‬ ‫ﻛﺎن‬ ‫إن‬ ‫أرأﻳﺖ‬ً
‫ﻗﺎل‬:»‫ا‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬ ‫وﻳﻨﻬﻰ‬ ،‫ﺑﺎﳌﻌﺮوف‬ ‫ﻳﺄﻣﺮ‬ِ َ َ َْ ْ َ ُ ُ ُ َ
ِ َْ ِ ْ‫ﳌ‬ُ‫ﻨﻜﺮ‬ِ َ ْ«.
‫ﻗﻠﺖ‬:‫رﺳﻮ‬ ‫ﻳﺎ‬‫ل‬‫اﷲ‬‫وﻻ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﳌﻌﺮوف‬ ‫ﻳﺄﻣﺮ‬ ‫أن‬ ‫ﻳﺴﺘﻄﻴﻊ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ ‫ﻋﻴﻴﺎ‬ ‫ﻛﺎن‬ ‫إن‬ ‫أرأﻳﺖ‬ ،‫ﱠ‬
‫اﳌﻨﻜﺮ؟‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬ ‫ﻳﻨﻬﻰ‬
‫ﻗﺎل‬:»‫ﻷﺧﺮق‬ ‫ﻳﺼﻨﻊ‬َ َ َْ ََ ُ ْ«.]‫ﻣﻨﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻳﻜﺘﺴﺐ‬ ‫ﻟﻪ‬ ‫ﺻﻨﻌﺔ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ ‫اﻟﺬي‬ ‫اﳉﺎﻫﻞ‬ ‫وﻫﻮ‬.[
‫ﻗﻠﺖ‬:‫؟‬ ‫ﺷﻴﺌﺎ‬ ‫ﻳﺼﻨﻊ‬ ‫أن‬ ‫ﻳﺴﺘﻄﻴﻊ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ ‫أﺧﺮق‬ ‫ﻛﺎن‬ ‫إن‬ ‫أرأﻳﺖ‬ً
‫ﻗﺎل‬:»‫ﻣﻈﻠﻮﻣﺎ‬ ‫ﻳﻌﲔ‬ُ َ ُُ
ِ«.
‫ﻗﻠﺖ‬:‫أ‬ ‫ﻳﺴﺘﻄﻴﻊ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ ‫ﺿﻌﻴﻔﺎ‬ ‫ﻛﺎن‬ ‫إن‬ ‫أرأﻳﺖ‬ً‫؟‬ ‫ﻣﻈﻠﻮﻣﺎ‬ ‫ﻳﻌﲔ‬ ‫ن‬ً
‫ﻗﺎل‬:»‫ﺧﲑ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺻﺎﺣﺒﻚ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺗﱰك‬ ‫أن‬ ‫ﺗﺮﻳﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﺎ‬ْ ََ َ ُ ُْ َ
ِ َِ ِ ِ َ ُ ْ ْ َ ٍِ،‫اﻟﻨﺎس‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬ ‫اﻷذى‬ ‫ﻳﻤﺴﻚ‬ِ ‫ﱠ‬ ِ َ َ َ ُ ِ
ْ«.
‫ﻓﻘﻠﺖ‬:‫رﺳﻮل‬ ‫ﻳﺎ‬‫اﷲ‬‫؟‬ ‫اﳉﻨﺔ‬ ‫دﺧﻞ‬ ‫ذﻟﻚ‬ ‫ﻓﻌﻞ‬ ‫إذا‬
‫ﻗﺎل‬:»‫ﺗﺪﺧﻠﻪ‬ ‫ﺣﺘﻰ‬ ‫ﺑﻴﺪه‬ ‫أﺧﺬت‬ ‫إﻻ‬ ،‫ﻫﺆﻻء‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺧﺼﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﻳﻔﻌﻞ‬ ‫ﻣﺴﻠﻢ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻣﺎ‬ُ َ َ ْ ْ َ َْ َ ُِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِْ ُ ‫ﱠ‬ ْ َ ََ َ ْ ُ َِ َ َ ِ ُ ً ْ ٍ
‫اﳉ‬َْ‫ﻨﺔ‬َ ‫ﱠ‬«
)١(
.
-‫ﻋﻤﺮ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬‫س‬‫اﻟﻨﺒﻲ‬ ‫أن‬r‫ﺳﺌﻞ‬:‫ﻗﺎل‬ ‫أﻓﻀﻞ؟‬ ‫اﻷﻋﲈل‬ ‫أي‬:»‫إدﺧﺎﻟﻚ‬َ ُ َ
)١(‫اﻷوﺳﻂ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫اﻟﻄﱪاﲏ‬ ‫رواه‬)٥٠٨١(،‫واﻟﱰﻫﻴﺐ‬ ‫اﻟﱰﻏﻴﺐ‬ ‫ﺻﺤﻴﺢ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫اﻷﻟﺒﺎﲏ‬ ‫وﺻﺤﺤﻪ‬
)٨٧٦.(

 
‫ﻟﻪ‬ ‫ﻗﻀﻴﺖ‬ ‫أو‬ ،‫ﻋﺮﻳﻪ‬ ‫ﻛﺴﻮت‬ ‫أو‬ ،‫ﺟﻮﻋﺘﻪ‬ ‫أﺷﺒﻌﺖ‬ ،‫ﻣﺆﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻋﲆ‬ ‫اﻟﴪور‬ُ ُ ُ ُ َ َ َ ََ َ َ َ ََ َ َ َ ُ َ ُِ َ ٍ ِ َ
‫ﺣﺎﺟﺔ‬ً َ َ«
)١(
.
‫اﻟﻨﺒﻲ‬ ‫وأﻣﺮ‬r‫وﺟﻮه‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫وﺟﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﺄي‬ ‫اﳌﺴﻠﻢ‬ ‫أﺧﺎه‬ ‫ﻳﻨﻔﻊ‬ ‫أن‬ ‫اﺳﺘﻄﺎع‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬
‫ﻓﻘﺎل‬ ،‫ﻓﻠﻴﻨﻔﻌﻪ‬ ‫اﻟﻨﻔﻊ‬:»‫اﺳ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ْ َْ‫ﻓﻠﻴﻔﻌﻞ‬ ‫أﺧﺎه‬ ‫ﻳﻨﻔﻊ‬ ‫أن‬ ‫ﻣﻨﻜﻢ‬ ‫ﺘﻄﺎع‬ْ َْ ُ َ َْ ََ َ َْ َ ْ ْ ََ َْ ُ ِ َ«
)٢(
.
‫ﻋﻨﺪ‬ ‫أﻓﻀﻞ‬ ‫ﻛﺎن‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻌﺒﺎد‬ ‫أﻧﻔﻊ‬ ‫اﻟﻌﻤﻞ‬ ‫ﻛﺎن‬ ‫وﻛﻠﲈ‬ ،‫ﺟﺪا‬ ‫ﻛﺜﲑة‬ ‫اﻟﻨﻔﻊ‬ ‫وأوﺟﻪ‬َ َُ
‫اﷲ‬‫ﻧﻔﻌﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻳﻌﻢ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻲ‬ ‫اﻷﻋﲈل‬ ‫ﻋﲆ‬ ‫ﳛﺮص‬ ‫أن‬ ‫اﳌﺆﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻋﲆ‬ ‫ﻳﻨﺒﻐﻲ‬ ‫ﻟﺬﻟﻚ‬ ،‫ﺗﻌﺎﱃ‬ُ
‫وﻳﻜﺜﺮ‬.
)١(‫اﻷوﺳﻂ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫اﻟﻄﱪاﲏ‬ ‫رواه‬)٥٠٨١(،‫و‬‫واﻟﱰﻫﻴﺐ‬ ‫اﻟﱰﻏﻴﺐ‬ ‫ﺻﺤﻴﺢ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫اﻷﻟﺒﺎﲏ‬ ‫ﺣﺴﻨﻪ‬
)٢٦٢١.(
)٢(‫ﻣﺴﻠﻢ‬ ‫رواه‬)٢١٩٩.(

 
 
 
‫ا‬ ‫إن‬‫إﱃ‬ ‫ﻟﺪﻋﻮة‬‫اﷲ‬‫ﻧﻔﻊ‬ ‫ﻫﻨﺎك‬ ‫ﻓﻠﻴﺲ‬ ،‫ﻟﻶﺧﺮﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﻧﻔﻌﺎ‬ ‫اﻷﻋﲈل‬ ‫أﻋﻈﻢ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ٌ ً
‫ﺗﻮﺣﻴﺪ‬ ‫إﱃ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﻟﺪﻋﻮة‬ ‫ﻣﺘﻌﺪ‬ٍ‫اﷲ‬‫ﻫ‬ ‫وﲪﻞ‬ ،َ‫ﻢ‬‫ﱢ‬‫ﻣﻨﺢ‬ ‫وﻟﺬﻟﻚ‬ ،‫وﺗﺒﻠﻴﻐﻪ‬ ‫اﻟﺪﻳﻦ‬‫اﷲ‬
‫ﺻﻠﻮات‬ ‫واﻟﺮﺳﻞ‬ ‫اﻷﻧﺒﻴﺎء‬ ‫وﻫﻢ‬ ،‫آدم‬ ‫ﺑﻨﻲ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫اﳋﻠﻖ‬ ‫ﻷﻓﻀﻞ‬ ‫اﻟﻮﻇﻴﻔﺔ‬ ‫ﻫﺬه‬‫اﷲ‬
‫درﲠﻢ‬ ‫ﻋﲆ‬ ‫ﺳﺎر‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫وﻛﺬﻟﻚ‬ ،‫ﻋﻠﻴﻬﻢ‬ ‫وﺳﻼﻣﻪ‬.
‫ﺗﻌﺎﱃ‬ ‫ﻗﺎل‬:MLNV UTSRQ PO
XW]‫ﻓﺼﻠﺖ‬:٣٣.[
‫رﲪﻪ‬ ‫ﻛﺜﲑ‬ ‫اﺑﻦ‬ ‫ﻗﺎل‬‫اﷲ‬:MLRQ PON:‫دﻋﺎ‬ ‫أي‬
‫ﻋﺒﺎد‬‫اﷲ‬‫إﻟﻴﻪ‬.
XW V UTS:‫ﻣﻬﺘﺪ‬ ‫ﻧﻔﺴﻪ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﻫﻮ‬ ‫أي‬ٍ‫ﺑﲈ‬
‫ﻻزم‬ ‫وﻟﻐﲑه‬ ‫ﻟﻨﻔﺴﻪ‬ ‫ﻓﻨﻔﻌﻪ‬ ،‫ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻪ‬ٌ‫وﻣﺘﻌﺪ‬ٍ‫ﻳﺄﻣﺮون‬ ‫اﻟﺬﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻫﻮ‬ ‫وﻟﻴﺲ‬ ،
‫اﳌﻨﻜﺮ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬ ‫وﻳﻨﻬﻮن‬ ،‫ﻳﺄﺗﻮﻧﻪ‬ ‫وﻻ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﳌﻌﺮوف‬‫وﻳﱰك‬ ،‫ﺑﺎﳋﲑ‬ ‫ﻳﺄﲤﺮ‬ ‫ﺑﻞ‬ ،‫وﻳﺄﺗﻮﻧﻪ‬
‫إﱃ‬ ‫دﻋﺎ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻛﻞ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﻋﺎﻣﺔ‬ ‫وﻫﺬه‬ ،‫وﺗﻌﺎﱃ‬ ‫ﺗﺒﺎرك‬ ‫اﳋﺎﻟﻖ‬ ‫إﱃ‬ ‫اﳋﻠﻖ‬ ‫وﻳﺪﻋﻮ‬ ،‫اﻟﴩ‬
‫ﻣﻬﺘﺪ‬ ‫ﻧﻔﺴﻪ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫وﻫﻮ‬ ‫ﺧﲑ‬
)١(
.
)١(‫ﻛﺜﲑ‬ ‫اﺑﻦ‬ ‫ﺗﻔﺴﲑ‬)٧/١٧٩.(

 
‫إﱃ‬ ‫اﻟﺪﻋﻮة‬ ‫ﻓﺄﻫﻞ‬‫اﷲ‬،‫ﻳﻨﻘﺬوﻫﻢ‬ ‫ﻓﻼ‬ ‫اﻟﻐﺮﻗﻰ‬ ‫ﻳﺮوا‬ ‫أن‬ ‫ﻷﻧﻔﺴﻬﻢ‬ ‫ﻳﺮﺿﻮا‬ ‫ﱂ‬
‫إرﺷﺎد‬ ‫ﺑﻼ‬ ‫اﻟﻄﺮﻳﻖ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬ ‫ﳛﻴﺪون‬ ‫اﳊﻴﺎرى‬ ‫ﻓﱰﻛﻮا‬ ‫إﻧﺴﺎﻧﻴﺘﻬﻢ‬ ‫ﻓﻘﺪوا‬ ‫وﻻ‬‫وﱂ‬ ،
‫اﻟﻌﻠﻢ‬ ‫ﻳﺪﻓﻨﻮا‬‫أ‬ ‫وﻻ‬‫د‬ ‫أﻟﻘﻮا‬ ‫ﺑﻞ‬ ،‫أﻧﻔﺴﻬﻢ‬ ‫ﻋﲆ‬ ‫وﻗﻔﻮه‬ُ‫ﺛ‬ُ‫ﺮ‬َ‫ﻏﺒﺎر‬ ‫وﻧﻔﻀﻮا‬ ‫اﻟﺮاﺣﺔ‬
‫اﻟﻨﻮ‬ ‫ﺣﺎﻣﻠﲔ‬ ‫اﳊﻴﺎة‬ ‫ﺧﻀﻢ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫واﻧﻄﻠﻘﻮا‬ ،‫أﻧﻔﺴﻬﻢ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬ ‫اﻟﻜﺴﻞ‬‫ر‬‫ﻓﻌﻠﻤﻮا‬ ،‫ﻟﻶﺧﺮﻳﻦ‬
‫ﺑﺈذن‬ ‫اﻟﻀﺎل‬ ‫وﻫﺪوا‬ ،‫اﻟﻐﺎﻓﻞ‬ ‫وﻧﺒﻬﻮا‬ ،‫اﳉﺎﻫﻞ‬‫اﷲ‬‫وﺗﻮﻓﻴﻘﻪ‬.
‫اﻟﻜﻔﺮ‬ ‫ﻇﻠﲈت‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫إﺧﺮاﺟﻬﻢ‬ ‫ﻟﻶﺧﺮﻳﻦ‬ ‫اﻟﻨﻔﻊ‬ ‫ﻓﺄﻓﻀﻞ‬‫واﻟﺒﺪع‬‫واﳌﻌ‬‫ﺎﴆ‬
‫اﻟﺘﻮﺣﻴﺪ‬ ‫ﻧﻮر‬ ‫إﱃ‬‫واﻟﺴﻨﺔ‬‫واﻟﻄﺎﻋﺔ‬.
‫ﻗﺎل‬‫اﷲ‬‫ﺗﻌﺎﱃ‬:hgponm lkji
~}|{ zyxwvutsrq
]‫اﻷﻧﻌﺎم‬:١٢٢.[
 
‫وﺗﻌﺮﻳﻔﻬﻢ‬ ،‫اﳋﲑ‬ ‫اﻟﻨﺎس‬ ‫ﺗﻌﻠﻴﻢ‬ ‫اﳌﺘﻌﺪي‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻨﻔﻊ‬ ‫اﻟﻌﻈﻴﻤﺔ‬ ‫اﳌﺠﺎﻻت‬ ‫وﻣﻦ‬
‫ﻛﺜﲑة‬ ‫أدﻟﺔ‬ ‫وردت‬ ‫وﻟﺬﻟﻚ‬ ،‫واﳊﺮام‬ ‫ﺑﺎﳊﻼل‬‫اﻟﻨﺎس‬ ‫ﺗﻌﻠﻴﻢ‬ ‫ﻓﻀﻞ‬ ‫ﰲ‬:
‫أﻧﺲ‬ ‫ﺑﻦ‬ ‫ﻣﻌﺎذ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬t‫اﻟﻨﺒﻲ‬ ‫أن‬r‫ﻗﺎل‬:»‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫أﺟﺮ‬ ‫ﻓﻠﻪ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﲈ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻢ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ْ ْ ُ َ َْ ُ َ ََ َ ْ ‫ﱠ‬َ ً
ِ
‫اﻟﻌﺎﻣﻞ‬ ‫أﺟﺮ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻳﻨﻘﺺ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﻋﻤﻞ‬ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ
َ ْ ْ ُ َْ َِ َِ ُ ْ َ َ«
)١(
.
‫ﻋﺜﲈن‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬t‫اﻟﻨﺒﻲ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬r‫ﻗﺎل‬:»‫وﻋﻠﻤﻪ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﺮآن‬ ‫ﺗﻌﻠﻢ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺧﲑﻛﻢ‬ُ َ َ َ َْ ْ َ َ ْ ْ‫ﱠ‬ ْ ‫ﱠ‬َ ُ َ َُ ُ«
)٢(
.
)١(‫ﻣﺎﺟﻪ‬ ‫اﺑﻦ‬ ‫رواه‬)٢٤٠(،‫و‬‫واﻟﱰﻫﻴﺐ‬ ‫اﻟﱰﻏﻴﺐ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫اﻷﻟﺒﺎﲏ‬ ‫ﺣﺴﻨﻪ‬)٨٠.(
)٢(‫اﻟﺒﺨﺎري‬ ‫رواه‬)٤٧٣٩.(

 
‫اﳊﺎﻓﻆ‬ ‫ﻗﺎل‬‫ﺣﺠﺮ‬ ‫اﺑﻦ‬‫رﲪ‬‫ﻪ‬‫اﷲ‬‫اﻟﻔﺘﺢ‬ ‫ﰲ‬:»‫اﻟﻘﺮآن‬ ‫ﺗﻌﻠﻢ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺧﲑﻛﻢ‬ْ َ َ ْ ُْ ْ ‫ﱠ‬ َ َْ َُ
‫وﻋﻠﻤﻪ‬ُ َ ََ ‫ﱠ‬«‫وﻟﻐﲑه‬ ‫ﻟﻨﻔﺴﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﻜﻤﻞ‬ ‫وﺗﻌﻠﻴﻤﻪ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﺮآن‬ ‫ﺗﻌﻠﻢ‬ ‫ﺑﲔ‬ ‫اﳉﺎﻣﻊ‬ ‫أن‬ ‫ﺷﻚ‬ ‫وﻻ‬،
‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﲨﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫وﻫﻮ‬ ،‫أﻓﻀﻞ‬ ‫ﻛﺎن‬ ‫وﳍﺬا‬ ‫اﳌﺘﻌﺪي‬ ‫واﻟﻨﻔﻊ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﺎﴏ‬ ‫اﻟﻨﻔﻊ‬ ‫ﺑﲔ‬ ‫ﺟﺎﻣﻊ‬
‫ﺑﻘﻮﻟﻪ‬ ‫وﺗﻌﺎﱃ‬ ‫ﺳﺒﺤﺎﻧﻪ‬ ‫ﻋﻨﻰ‬:M LS R Q P O N
XWVUT]‫ﻓﺼﻠﺖ‬:٣٣[‫واﻟﺪﻋ‬ ،‫ﻮة‬‫إﱃ‬‫اﷲ‬‫ﺗ‬‫ﺑﺄﻣﻮر‬ ‫ﻘﻊ‬
‫ﻣﻨ‬ ‫ﺷﺘﻰ‬‫ﻬﺎ‬‫أﴍﻓ‬ ‫وﻫﻮ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﺮآن‬ ‫ﺗﻌﻠﻴﻢ‬‫ﻬﺎ‬
)١(
.
‫ﻣﻮﺳﻰ‬ ‫أﰊ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬t‫اﻟﻨﺒﻲ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬r‫ﻗﺎل‬:»‫ﺑﻌﺜﻨﻲ‬ ‫ﻣﺎ‬ ‫ﻣﺜﻞ‬ِ َ ََ َ َ َُ‫اﷲ‬‫اﳍﺪى‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬َ ُْ ْ
ِ ِ ِ
‫واﻟﻌﻠﻢ‬ِ ْ ِْ
َ،‫اﻟ‬ ‫ﻛﻤﺜﻞ‬ْ ِ َ َ َ‫أرﺿ‬ ‫أﺻﺎب‬ ‫اﻟﻜﺜﲑ‬ ‫ﻐﻴﺚ‬ْ َْ ََ َ ِ ِ َِ َْ‫ﺎ‬،‫ﻓﺄﻧﺒﺘ‬ ‫اﳌﺎء‬ ‫ﻗﺒﻠﺖ‬ ‫ﻧﻘﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻨﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻓﻜﺎن‬َ ْ َْ ْ َ ََ َ ََ َْ َ ِ َ ٌ ‫ﱠ‬
ِ ِ
َ َ‫ﺖ‬ْ
‫اﻟﻜﺜﲑ‬ ‫واﻟﻌﺸﺐ‬ ‫اﻟﻜﻸ‬َ
ِ َ ْ َْ ْ َْ ُ َ َ َ،‫اﳌﺎء‬ ‫أﻣﺴﻜﺖ‬ ‫أﺟﺎدب‬ ‫ﻣﻨﻬﺎ‬ ‫وﻛﺎﻧﺖ‬َ َْ ْ ْ َْ ََ ْ َ َُ َ َ
ِ ِ
َ َ،‫ﻓﻨﻔﻊ‬َ َ َ َ‫اﷲ‬‫اﻟﻨﺎس‬ ‫ﲠﺎ‬َ ‫ﱠ‬ َ ِ
‫وزرﻋﻮا‬ ‫وﺳﻘﻮا‬ ‫ﻓﴩﺑﻮا‬ُ َ ْ َ َُ ََ َ َِ َ،‫ﲤﺴﻚ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ ‫ﻗﻴﻌﺎن‬ ‫ﻫﻲ‬ ‫إﻧﲈ‬ ‫أﺧﺮى‬ ‫ﻃﺎﺋﻔﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻨﻬﺎ‬ ‫وأﺻﺎﺑﺖ‬ُ ُِ ِ ِ ِ ِ
ْ َ ٌ َ َ َ ََ ََ ‫ﱠ‬ ِ ْ ْ ُْ ًَ َ َ َ
‫ﻣﺎء‬ً َ،‫ﻛﻸ‬ ‫ﺗﻨﺒﺖ‬ ‫وﻻ‬ً َ َ ُ ْ ُِ َ َ،‫ﻓﺬ‬َ َ‫دﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﻓﻘﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻣﺜﻞ‬ ‫ﻟﻚ‬ِ ِ ِِ َ ُْ ََ َ َُ َ‫اﷲ‬‫ﺑﻌﺜﻨﻲ‬ ‫ﻣﺎ‬ ‫وﻧﻔﻌﻪ‬ِ َ َ َ ُ َ ََ َ َ‫اﷲ‬‫ﻓﻌﻠﻢ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬َ
ِ ِ
َ َ ِ
‫وﻋﻠﻢ‬َ ‫ﱠ‬ َ َ،‫رأﺳﺎ‬ ‫ﺑﺬﻟﻚ‬ ‫ﻳﺮﻓﻊ‬ ‫ﱂ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫وﻣﺜﻞ‬ً َ ْ َ َ َْ َ ِ َ ِ ْ ْ ََ ْ َ ُ َ،‫ﻫﺪى‬ ‫ﻳﻘﺒﻞ‬ ‫وﱂ‬َ ُ َ َْ ْ َ ْ َ‫اﷲ‬‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫أرﺳﻠﺖ‬‫اﻟﺬي‬ِ ِ ِِ ُ ْ ‫ﱠ‬ْ«
)٢(
.
‫أﳍﻢ‬ ‫وﻗﺪ‬‫اﷲ‬‫ﻟﻠﻌﺎﱂ‬ ‫اﻻﺳﺘﻐﻔﺎر‬ ‫اﳊﻴﻮان‬ ‫أﻧﻮاع‬ ‫ﺗﻌﺎﱃ‬:
‫أﰊ‬ ‫ﻓﻌﻦ‬‫اﻟﺒﺎﻫﲇ‬ ‫أﻣﺎﻣﺔ‬ُt‫ﻗﺎل‬:‫رﺳﻮل‬ ‫ﻗﺎل‬‫اﷲ‬r:»‫إن‬‫ﱠ‬ ِ‫اﷲ‬‫وﻣﻼﺋﻜﺘﻪ‬ُ ََ َ ِ َ َ
‫ﻟﻴﺼﻠﻮن‬ ‫اﳊﻮت‬ ‫وﺣﺘﻰ‬ ،‫ﺟﺤﺮﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫اﻟﻨﻤﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﺣﺘﻰ‬ ‫واﻷرﺿﲔ‬ ‫اﻟﺴﻤﻮات‬ ‫وأﻫﻞ‬َ ‫ﱡ‬ َ َ ََ َ َ َ ْ ُ َ َ َ ْ َُ ْ َ َ ‫ﱠ‬َ ‫ﱠ‬ ‫ﱠ‬ ‫ﱠ‬ُْ ِ ِ َ َ
ِ َِ ْ َ
‫اﳋﲑ‬ ‫اﻟﻨﺎس‬ ‫ﻣﻌﻠﻢ‬ ‫ﻋﲆ‬َ ْ َُْ ِ ‫ﱠ‬ ِ ‫ﱢ‬ َ ََ«
)٣(
.
)١(‫اﻟﺒﺎري‬ ‫ﻓﺘﺢ‬)٩/٧٦.(
)٢(‫اﻟﺒﺨﺎري‬ ‫رواه‬)٧٩.(
)٣(‫رواه‬‫اﻟﱰﻣﺬي‬)٢٦٨٥(،‫و‬‫اﻟﱰﻏﻴﺐ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫اﻷﻟﺒﺎﲏ‬ ‫ﺣﺴﻨﻪ‬)٨١.(

 
‫اﻟﺪرداء‬ ‫أﰊ‬ ‫وﻋﻦ‬t‫ﻗﺎل‬:‫رﺳﻮل‬ ‫ﺳﻤﻌﺖ‬‫اﷲ‬r‫ﻳﻘ‬‫ﻮل‬:»‫ﺳﻠﻚ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬َ َ َ َْ
‫ﺳﻠﻚ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﲈ‬ ‫ﻓﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﻳﺒﺘﻐﻲ‬ ‫ﻃﺮﻳﻘﺎ‬َ َ َْ ًَ
ِ ِ ِ ِ َ ْ ً ِ َ‫اﷲ‬‫اﳌﻼﺋ‬ ‫وإن‬ ،‫اﳉﻨﺔ‬ ‫إﱃ‬ ‫ﻃﺮﻳﻘﺎ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ِ ِ َِ َْ َْ‫ﱠ‬ ِ َِ ‫ﱠ‬ َ ً ِ َِ‫ﻟﺘﻀﻊ‬ ‫ﻜﺔ‬ُ َ َ َ َ َ
‫رﺿ‬ ‫أﺟﻨﺤﺘﻬﺎ‬ِ َ َ َ ْ
ِ َ‫وﻣﻦ‬ ‫اﻟﺴﻤﻮات‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻟﻪ‬ ‫ﻟﻴﺴﺘﻐﻔﺮ‬ ‫اﻟﻌﺎﱂ‬ ‫وإن‬ ،‫اﻟﻌﻠﻢ‬ ‫ﻟﻄﺎﻟﺐ‬ ‫ﺎء‬ْ َ َ ْ ُ َ ََ َ ‫ﱠ‬ َ ُ ْ َ
ِ ِ ِ ِ ِِ َ َ ْ ْْ َ َ
ِ ‫ﱠ‬ ِ ِ ِ َ ً
‫اﻷ‬ ‫ﰲ‬َ ْ ِ‫ر‬‫ا‬ ‫ﺣﺘﻰ‬ ‫ض‬‫ﱠ‬ َ ِ‫ﻛﻔﻀ‬ ‫اﻟﻌﺎﺑﺪ‬ ‫ﻋﲆ‬ ِ‫ﱂ‬‫اﻟﻌﺎ‬ ‫وﻓﻀﻞ‬ ،‫اﳌﺎء‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﳊﻴﺘﺎن‬ْ َْ َ ِ ِ ِِ َ َ َ َْ ْ َُ َ َْ ِْ ُ َ‫ﻋﲆ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﻤﺮ‬ ‫ﻞ‬َ َ ِ َ َ ْ ِ
‫اﻟﻜ‬ ‫ﺳﺎﺋﺮ‬ِ ِ
َ‫وﻻ‬ ‫دﻳﻨﺎرا‬ ‫ﻳﻮرﺛﻮا‬ ‫ﱂ‬ ‫اﻷﻧﺒﻴﺎء‬ ‫وإن‬ ،‫اﻷﻧﺒﻴﺎء‬ ‫ورﺛﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻌﻠﲈء‬ ‫وإن‬ ،‫ﻮاﻛﺐ‬َ ْ َْ َ َ ُ ًَ ‫ﱢ‬ ُ َ َ ََ ِ ِ ُِ ُ َْ َ َ َِ َِ َ‫ﱠ‬ ‫ﱠ‬ِ ِْ َ َ ِ
‫در‬ْ
ِ‫ﳘ‬ً‫أﺧﺬ‬ ‫ﻓﻤﻦ‬ ،‫اﻟﻌﻠﻢ‬ ‫ورﺛﻮا‬ ‫إﻧﲈ‬ ‫ﺎ‬َ َ َ ْ ََ َ ‫ﱠ‬َ ْ ِْ ُ َ ‫ﱠ‬ ِ‫واﻓﺮ‬ ‫ﺑﺤﻆ‬ ‫أﺧﺬ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ٍ ِ ِِ ِ
َ َ‫ﱟ‬ َ َ َ«
)١(
.
 
‫أوﻻ‬ً:‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻛﺮاﻣﺔ‬‫اﷲ‬‫ﴍﻳﻌﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻨﺎس‬ ‫ﺗﻌﻠﻴﻤﻪ‬ ‫ﻋﲆ‬ ‫ﻟﻪ‬ ‫ﺗﻌﺎﱃ‬‫اﷲ‬‫ﺗﻌﺎﱃ‬.
‫ﺛﺎﻧﻴﺎ‬:‫اﳊﻴﻮاﻧﺎت‬‫ﺑﻪ‬‫اﻧﺘﻔﻌﺖ‬‫ﺣﺘﻰ‬‫ﺗﻌﺪى‬‫ﻗﺪ‬‫اﻟﻌﺎﱂ‬‫ﻧﻔﻊ‬‫أن‬‫؛‬‫ﺑﺎﻹﺣﺴﺎن‬‫ﻳﺄﻣﺮ‬‫ﻓﺈﻧﻪ‬
‫إﻟﻴﻬﺎ‬:»‫ﻗﺘﻠﺘﻢ‬ ‫ﻓﺈذا‬ْ ُ َْ َ َ ِ َ‫اﻟﻘﺘﻠ‬ ‫ﻓﺄﺣﺴﻨﻮا‬ ‫؛‬َ ْْ ُِ ِ
ْ َ َ‫اﻟﺬﺑﺤﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﺄﺣﺴﻨﻮا‬ ‫ذﺑﺤﺘﻢ؛‬ ‫وإذا‬ ،‫ﺔ‬َ ََ ْ ْ ْ َ َ‫ﱢ‬ َ َُ ُِ َ َ ْ ِ«
)٢(
.‫وﻳﺒﲔ‬
‫أﺣﻜﺎم‬‫ﻣﻦ‬‫ﲠﺎ‬‫ﻳﺘﻌﻠﻖ‬‫ﻣﺎ‬،‫ﻓﺄﳍﻤﻬﺎ‬‫اﷲ‬‫ﺻﻨﻴﻌﻬﻢ‬‫ﺣﺴﻦ‬‫ﻋﲆ‬‫ﳎﺎزاة‬‫ﻟﻠﻌﻠﲈء‬‫اﻻﺳﺘﻐﻔﺎر‬
‫ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ‬ ‫وﺷﻔﻘﺘﻬﻢ‬ ‫ﲠﺎ‬.
»‫اﻟﻌﺎﱂ‬ ‫وﻓﻀﻞ‬ِ َ َْ ُ ْ َ‫اﻟﻜﻮاﻛﺐ‬ ‫ﺳﺎﺋﺮ‬ ‫ﻋﲆ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﻤﺮ‬ ‫ﻛﻔﻀﻞ‬ ‫اﻟﻌﺎﺑﺪ‬ ‫ﻋﲆ‬ِ ِ ِ ِ
َ َ َ ََ ْ ْ ِْ ِ َِ ََ ََ ِ ْ َ َ«
)٣(
:
‫اﻟﻘﺎﴈ‬ ‫ﻗﺎل‬‫ر‬‫ﲪﻪ‬‫اﷲ‬:‫ﺑﺎﻟﻜﻮاﻛﺐ‬ ‫واﻟﻌﺎﺑﺪ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﻘﻤﺮ‬ ‫اﻟﻌﺎﱂ‬ ‫ﺷﺒﻪ‬َ ‫ﱠ‬ َ‫؛‬‫ﻛﲈل‬ ‫ﻷن‬
‫ﻻ‬ ‫وﻧﻮرﻫﺎ‬ ‫اﻟﻌﺒﺎدة‬‫اﻟﻌﺎﺑﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻌﺪى‬،‫ﻏﲑه‬ ‫إﱃ‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻌﺪى‬ ‫اﻟﻌﺎﱂ‬ ‫وﻧﻮر‬
)٤(
.
)١(‫اﻟﱰﻣﺬي‬ ‫رواه‬)٢٦٨٢(‫واﻟﱰﻫﻴﺐ‬ ‫اﻟﱰﻏﻴﺐ‬ ‫ﺻﺤﻴﺢ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫اﻷﻟﺒﺎﲏ‬ ‫وﺣﺴﻨﻪ‬ ،)٧٠.(
)٢(‫ﻣﺴﻠﻢ‬ ‫رواه‬)١٩٥٥.(
)٣(‫اﻟﱰﻣﺬي‬ ‫رواه‬)٢٦٨٢(،‫واﻟﱰﻫﻴﺐ‬ ‫اﻟﱰﻏﻴﺐ‬ ‫ﺻﺤﻴﺢ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫اﻷﻟﺒﺎﲏ‬ ‫وﺣﺴﻨﻪ‬)٧٠.(
)٤(‫اﻷﺣﻮذي‬ ‫ﲢﻔﺔ‬)٦/٤٨١.(

 
 
‫اﳊﺎﻓﻆ‬ ‫ﻗﺎل‬‫ﺣﺠﺮ‬ ‫اﺑﻦ‬‫رﲪﻪ‬‫اﷲ‬:‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﻫﻮ‬ ‫ﻣﺎ‬ ‫ﻋﲆ‬ ‫زاد‬ ‫ﻛﻠﲈ‬ ‫ﻳﻘﺎل‬ ‫أن‬ ‫اﻹﻧﺼﺎف‬
‫ﻓﺮ‬ ‫اﳌﻜﻠﻒ‬ ‫ﺣﻖ‬‫ﻗﺴﻤﲔ‬ ‫ﻋﲆ‬ ‫ﻓﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﻓﺎﻟﻨﺎس‬ ‫ﻋﲔ‬ ‫ض‬:‫ﻋﲆ‬ ‫ﻗﻮة‬ ‫ﻧﻔﺴﻪ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫وﺟﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬
‫واﻟﺘﺤﺮﻳﺮ‬ ‫اﻟﻔﻬﻢ‬،‫ﺑﺎﻟﻌﺒﺎدة‬ ‫وﺗﺸﺎﻏﻠﻪ‬ ‫ﻋﻨﻪ‬ ‫إﻋﺮاﺿﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫أوﱃ‬ ‫ﺑﺬﻟﻚ‬ ‫ﻓﺘﺸﺎﻏﻠﻪ‬‫ﳌﺎ‬
‫ﻗﺼﻮر‬ ‫ﻧﻔﺴﻪ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫وﺟﺪ‬ ‫وﻣﻦ‬ ،‫اﳌﺘﻌﺪي‬ ‫اﻟﻨﻔﻊ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻓﻴﻪ‬ً‫ا‬‫أوﱃ‬ ‫اﻟﻌﺒﺎدة‬ ‫ﻋﲆ‬ ‫ﻓﺈﻗﺒﺎﻟﻪ‬
‫ﺑﻌﺾ‬ ‫ﻳﻀﻴﻊ‬ ‫أن‬ ‫ﻷوﺷﻚ‬ ‫اﻟﻌﻠﻢ‬ ‫ﺗﺮك‬ ‫ﻟﻮ‬ ‫اﻷول‬ ‫ﻓﺈن‬ ،‫اﻷﻣﺮﻳﻦ‬ ‫اﺟﺘﲈع‬ ‫ﻟﻌﴪ‬
‫اﻷﺣ‬‫اﻷﻣﺮان‬ ‫ﻓﺎﺗﻪ‬ ‫اﻟﻌﺒﺎدة‬ ‫وﺗﺮك‬ ‫اﻟﻌﻠﻢ‬ ‫ﻋﲆ‬ ‫أﻗﺒﻞ‬ ‫ﻟﻮ‬ ‫واﻟﺜﺎﲏ‬ ،‫ﺑﺈﻋﺮاﺿﻪ‬ ‫ﻜﺎم‬
‫اﳌﻮﻓﻖ‬ ‫واﷲ‬ ‫اﻟﺜﺎﲏ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫وإﻋﺮاﺿﻪ‬ ‫ﻟﻪ‬ ‫اﻷول‬ ‫ﺣﺼﻮل‬ ‫ﻟﻌﺪم‬
)١(
.
‫اﻟﻨﻮوي‬ ‫ﻗﺎل‬‫رﲪﻪ‬‫اﷲ‬:‫ﳚﻮز‬]‫ﻟﻠﻤﻌﺘﻜﻒ‬ ‫ﻳﻌﻨﻲ‬[‫وﻳﻘﺮﺋﻪ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﺮآن‬ ‫ﻳﻘﺮأ‬ ‫أن‬
‫اﻻﻋﺘﻜﺎف‬ ‫ﺣﺎل‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ذﻟﻚ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﻛﺮاﻫﺔ‬ ‫وﻻ‬ ،‫ﻏﲑه‬ ‫وﻳﻌﻠﻤﻪ‬ ‫اﻟﻌﻠﻢ‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻌﻠﻢ‬ ‫وأن‬ ،‫ﻏﲑه‬.
‫وأﺻﺤﺎﺑﻨﺎ‬ ‫اﻟﺸﺎﻓﻌﻲ‬ ‫ﻗﺎل‬:‫اﻟﻨﺎﻓﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﺻﻼة‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫أﻓﻀﻞ‬ ‫وذﻟﻚ‬‫؛‬‫ﺑﺎﻟﻌﻠﻢ‬ ‫اﻻﺷﺘﻐﺎل‬ ‫ﻷن‬
‫اﻟﻌﺒﺎدات‬‫ﻣﻦ‬‫وﻏﲑﻫﺎ‬‫ﻟﻠﺼﻼة‬‫ﻣﺼﺤﺢ‬‫وﻷﻧﻪ‬،‫اﻟﻨﻔﻞ‬‫ﻣﻦ‬‫أﻓﻀﻞ‬‫ﻓﻬﻮ‬‫ﻛﻔﺎﻳﺔ‬‫ﻓﺮض‬،
‫ﻣﺘﻌﺪ‬ ‫ﻧﻔﻌﻪ‬ ‫وﻷن‬ٍ‫اﻟﻨﺎس‬ ‫إﱃ‬،‫ﺑﺎﻟﻌﻠﻢ‬ ‫اﻻﺷﺘﻐﺎل‬ ‫ﺑﺘﻔﻀﻴﻞ‬ ‫اﻷﺣﺎدﻳﺚ‬ ‫ﺗﻈﺎﻫﺮت‬ ‫وﻗﺪ‬
‫اﻟﻨﺎﻓﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﺼﻼة‬ ‫اﻻﺷﺘﻐﺎل‬ ‫ﻋﲆ‬.
‫ﻋﺒﺪاﻟﻌﺰﻳﺰ‬ ‫اﻟﺸﻴﺦ‬ ‫وﻛﺎن‬‫رﲪﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﺎز‬ ‫ﺑﻦ‬‫اﷲ‬‫ﺑﻌﺾ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫اﻟﻨﺎﻓﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﺻﻴﺎم‬ ‫ﻳﱰك‬
‫وﻳﻘﻮل‬ ‫اﻷﻳﺎم‬:‫اﻟﻨﺎس‬ ‫ﺑﺤﻮاﺋﺞ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﻴﺎم‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬ ‫ﻳﻀﻌﻒ‬ ‫ﻷﻧﻪ‬.
)١(‫اﻟﺒﺎر‬ ‫ﻓﺘﺢ‬‫ي‬)١٣/٢٦٧.(

 
 
‫ﻫﺮﻳﺮة‬ ‫أﰊ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬َt‫ﻗﺎل‬:‫ﻟﻠﻨﺒﻲ‬ ‫ﻗﻴﻞ‬r‫ﺳﺒﻴﻞ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫اﳉﻬﺎد‬ ‫ﻳﻌﺪل‬ ‫ﻣﺎ‬‫اﷲ‬U‫؟‬
‫ﻗﺎل‬:»‫ﺗﺴﺘﻄﻴﻌﻮه‬ ‫ﻻ‬ُ ُ
ِ َ َْ َ«‫ﻗﺎل‬:‫ﺛﻼﺛﺎ‬ ‫أو‬ ‫ﻣﺮﺗﲔ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﻓﺄﻋﺎدوا‬ً‫ﻳﻘﻮل‬ ‫ذﻟﻚ‬ ‫ﻛﻞ‬:»‫ﻻ‬َ
‫ﺗ‬َ‫ﺴﺘﻄﻴﻌﻮﻧﻪ‬ُ َُ ِ َ ْ«‫اﻟﺜﺎﻟﺜﺔ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫وﻗﺎل‬:»‫اﳌﺠﺎﻫﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﺜﻞ‬ِ ِ
َ ُْ ُ َ َ‫ﰲ‬‫ﺳﺒﻴﻞ‬ِ ِ َ‫اﷲ‬‫اﻟﻘﺎﺋﻢ‬ ‫اﻟﺼﺎﺋﻢ‬ ‫ﻛﻤﺜﻞ‬ِ ِِ َِ َْ ‫ﱠ‬ ِ َ َ
‫ﺑﺂﻳﺎت‬‫اﻟﻘﺎﻧﺖ‬ِ ِ ِ
َ ِ َ ْ‫اﷲ‬‫أﻫﻠﻪ‬‫إﱃ‬‫اﳌﺠﺎﻫﺪ‬‫ﻳﺮﺟﻊ‬‫ﺣﺘﻰ‬‫ﺻﻴﺎم‬‫وﻻ‬‫ﺻﻼة‬‫ﻣﻦ‬‫ﻳﻔﱰ‬‫ﻻ‬ِ ِ ِ ِ ٍ ِ
ْ َ َ َ َ َ َْ َ ِ ُ ‫ﱠ‬ُْ ِ ْ َ َ ٍَ َ ََ ُ ُ ْ«
)١(
.
‫اﳋﺪري‬ ‫ﺳﻌﻴﺪ‬ ‫أﰊ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬t‫ﻗﺎل‬:‫رﺳﻮل‬ ‫ﻳﺎ‬ ‫ﻗﻴﻞ‬‫اﷲ‬:‫أﻓﻀﻞ؟‬ ‫اﻟﻨﺎس‬ ‫أي‬
‫ﻓ‬‫رﺳﻮل‬ ‫ﻘﺎل‬‫اﷲ‬r:»‫ﺳﺒﻴﻞ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﳚﺎﻫﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﺆﻣﻦ‬ِ ِ َ ُِ ُ ِ ِ
َ ُ ٌ ْ‫اﷲ‬‫وﻣﺎﻟﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﻨﻔﺴﻪ‬ِ ِ ِ ِ
َ َ ْ َ ِ«،‫ﻗﺎﻟﻮا‬ُ َ:‫ﺛﻢ‬‫ﱠ‬ ُ
‫ﻗﺎل‬ ‫ﻣﻦ؟‬َ َ ْ َ:»‫ﻳﺘﻘﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﺸﻌﺎب‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺷﻌﺐ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﻣﺆﻣﻦ‬ِ ِ ِ ِ‫ﱠ‬ َ ُِ ٍَ ْ ْ ٌ‫ﱢ‬ ِ ْ‫اﷲ‬‫ﴍه‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫اﻟﻨﺎس‬ ‫وﻳﺪع‬ِ ِ
‫ﱢ‬ َ ْ َ ُ َ‫ﱠ‬ َ َ«
)٢(
.
‫ﻟﻠ‬ ‫اﳌﻌﺘﺰل‬ ‫اﳌﺆﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫أﻓﻀﻞ‬ ‫اﳌﺠﺎﻫﺪ‬ ‫ﻛﺎن‬ ‫وإﻧﲈ‬‫وﻣﺎﻟﻪ‬ ‫ﻧﻔﺴﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﺬل‬ ‫ﻷﻧﻪ‬ ‫ﻨﺎس؛‬
‫ﺳﺒﻴﻞ‬ ‫ﰲ‬‫اﷲ‬‫ﰲ‬ ‫اﻟﻨﺎس‬ ‫ﻳﺪﺧﻞ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﳉﻬﺎد‬ ‫ﻓﺈﻧﻪ‬ ،‫اﳌﺘﻌﺪي‬ ‫اﻟﻨﻔﻊ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺟﻬﺎده‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﻣﺎ‬ ‫ﻣﻊ‬ ،
‫دﻳﻦ‬‫اﷲ‬‫ﺣﺮﻣﺎت‬ ‫وﲢﻔﻆ‬ ،‫اﻟﺪﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﺣﻮزة‬ ‫وﲢﻤﻰ‬ ،‫وأﻫﻠﻪ‬ ‫اﻟﻜﻔﺮ‬ ‫وﻳﺬل‬ ،‫أﻓﻮاﺟﺎ‬ُ ُ ُ ً
‫اﳌﺴﻠﻤﲔ‬،‫ﺑﺎﳉﻬﺎد‬ ‫ﲢﺼﻞ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻌﻈﻴﻤﺔ‬ ‫اﳌﺼﺎﻟﺢ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ذﻟﻚ‬ ‫وﻏﲑ‬.
‫ا‬ ‫ﻫﺬه‬ ‫ﺧﲑﻳﺔ‬‫أﺳﺒﺎب‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬‫ﻛﺎن‬ ‫وﻟﺬﻟﻚ‬‫أﻧﻔﻊ‬ ‫أﳖﺎ‬ ‫اﻷﻣﻢ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺳﻮاﻫﺎ‬‫ﻣﺎ‬ ‫ﻋﲆ‬ ‫ﻷﻣﺔ‬
‫ﺳﺒﻴﻞ‬ ‫ﻋﲆ‬ ‫اﻷﺷﻴﺎء‬ ‫ﺑﺄﻧﻔﻊ‬ ‫اﻷﻣﻢ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻏﲑﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﺗﻨﻔﻊ‬ ‫اﻷﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﻫﺬه‬ ‫ﻓﺈن‬ ،‫ﻟﻐﲑﻫﺎ‬ ‫اﻷﻣﻢ‬
‫ﻫﺪاﻳ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫اﻟﺴﻌﻲ‬ ‫وﻫﻮ‬ ‫أﻻ‬ ،‫اﻹﻃﻼق‬‫ﺘﻬﺎ‬‫ذﻟﻚ‬ ‫ﻋﲆ‬ ‫ﻳﱰﺗﺐ‬ ‫ﻣﺎ‬ ‫ﺛﻢ‬ ،‫اﻹﺳﻼم‬ ‫إﱃ‬
‫اﻟﻨﺎر‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫وﻧﺠﺎﲥﻢ‬ ،‫اﳉﻨﺔ‬ ‫دﺧﻮﳍﻢ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬.
)١(‫اﻟﺒﺨﺎري‬ ‫رواه‬)٢٦٣٥(،‫وﻣﺴﻠﻢ‬)١٨٧٨.(
)٢(‫اﻟﺒﺨﺎري‬ ‫رواه‬)٢٦٣٤(،‫وﻣﺴﻠﻢ‬)١٨٨٨.(

 
‫ﻫﺮﻳﺮة‬ ‫أﰊ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬t:210/.‫ﻗﺎل‬:‫اﻟﻨ‬ ‫ﺧﲑ‬‫ﺎس‬
‫اﻹﺳﻼم‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﻳﺪﺧﻠﻮا‬ ‫ﺣﺘﻰ‬ ‫أﻋﻨﺎﻗﻬﻢ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫اﻟﺴﻼﺳﻞ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﲠﻢ‬ ‫ﺗﺄﺗﻮن‬ ،‫ﻟﻠﻨﺎس‬
)١(
.
‫ﺣﺠﺮ‬ ‫اﺑﻦ‬ ‫وﻗﺎل‬‫رﲪﻪ‬‫اﷲ‬:)‫ﻟﻠﻨﺎس‬ ‫اﻟﻨﺎس‬ ‫ﺧﲑ‬(‫أي‬:‫وإﻧﲈ‬ ،‫ﳍﻢ‬ ‫أﻧﻔﻌﻬﻢ‬
‫إﺳﻼﻣﻬﻢ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺳﺒﺒﺎ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﻧﻮا‬ ‫ﻟﻜﻮﳖﻢ‬ ‫ذﻟﻚ‬ ‫ﻛﺎن‬
)٢(
.
‫رﲪﻪ‬ ‫ﺣﺠﺮ‬ ‫اﺑﻦ‬ ‫وﻧﻘﻞ‬‫اﷲ‬‫رﲪﻪ‬ ‫اﳉﻮزي‬ ‫اﺑﻦ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬‫اﷲ‬‫ﻗﻮﻟﻪ‬:‫أﳖﻢ‬ ‫ﻣﻌﻨﺎه‬
‫وﻗ‬ ‫أﴎوا‬ُ‫ﻴ‬‫ﱢ‬‫ﺪوا‬‫ﻃﻮﻋﺎ‬ ‫دﺧﻠﻮا‬ ‫اﻹﺳﻼم‬ ‫ﺻﺤﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﺮﻓﻮا‬ ‫ﻓﻠﲈ‬ ،ً‫اﳉﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﺪﺧﻠﻮا‬ ،
)٣(
.
 
‫ﺳﺒﻴﻞ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫اﳊﺮاﺳﺔ‬ ‫ﻧﻔﻌﻪ‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻌﺪى‬ ‫وﳑﺎ‬‫اﷲ‬:‫ﻋﻤﺮ‬ ‫اﺑﻦ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬‫ب‬‫اﻟﻨﺒﻲ‬ ‫أن‬
r‫ﻗﺎل‬:»‫اﻟﻘﺪر‬ ‫ﻟﻴﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫أﻓﻀﻞ‬ ‫ﺑﻠﻴﻠﺔ‬ ‫أﻧﺒﺌﻜﻢ‬ ‫أﻻ‬ْ َُ ْ َ َ َ َ َِ ِ ٍ
ْ ْ ْْ ‫ﱢ‬َ ْ َ ُ َِ ُ َ َِ‫؟‬‫ﺣﺮس‬ ‫ﺣﺎرس‬َ َ ٌ ََ ِ‫ﰲ‬‫أرض‬ِ ْ َ
‫أن‬ ‫ﻟﻌﻠﻪ‬ ‫ﺧﻮف‬ْ َ ُ َ ْ‫ﱠ‬ َ ٍ َ‫أﻫﻠﻪ‬ ‫إﱃ‬ ‫ﻳﺮﺟﻊ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ِ ِ
ْ ََ َ ِ ِ ْ َ َ«
)٤(
.
‫ﻋﺒﺎس‬ ‫اﺑﻦ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬‫ب‬‫ﻗﺎل‬:‫رﺳﻮل‬ ‫ﺳﻤﻌﺖ‬‫اﷲ‬r‫ﻳﻘﻮل‬:»‫ﻻ‬ ‫ﻋﻴﻨﺎن‬َ ِ َ ْ َ
‫ﺧﺸﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺑﻜﺖ‬ ‫ﻋﲔ‬ ‫اﻟﻨﺎر‬ ‫ﲤﺴﻬﲈ‬ِ ِ
َ ْ ُ ‫ﱡ‬ْ ََ ْ ‫ﱠ‬ْ َ ٌَ َُ َ َ‫اﷲ‬‫ﺳﺒﻴﻞ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﲢﺮس‬ ‫ﺑﺎﺗﺖ‬ ‫وﻋﲔ‬ِ ِ َ ُ ِْ ُ َ َ َْ َ ْ َ ٌ‫اﷲ‬«
)٥(
.
)١(‫اﻟﺒﺨﺎري‬ ‫رواه‬)٤٢٨١.(
)٢(‫اﻟﺒﺎري‬ ‫ﻓﺘﺢ‬)٨/٢٢٥.(
)٣(‫اﻟﺒﺎري‬ ‫ﻓﺘﺢ‬)٦/١٤٥.(
)٤(‫اﳊﺎﻛﻢ‬ ‫رواه‬)٢٤٢٤(‫وﺻﺤﺤﻪ‬‫اﻟﺬﻫﺒﻲ‬ ‫وواﻓﻘﻪ‬.
)٥(‫اﻟﱰﻣﺬي‬ ‫رواه‬)١٦٣٩(‫اﻷﻟﺒﺎﲏ‬ ‫وﺻﺤﺤﻪ‬.

 
»‫اﻟﻨﺎر‬ ‫ﲤﺴﻬﲈ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ ‫ﻋﻴﻨﺎن‬ُ ‫ﱡ‬ ْ‫ﱠ‬ ََ ُ َ َ َ ِ َ«،‫ﺻﺎﺣﺒﻬﲈ‬ ‫ﲤﺲ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ ‫أي‬َ‫اﳉﻤﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﳉﺰء‬ ‫ﻓﻌﱪ‬
)١(
.
t 
‫اﻷﻧﺼﺎري‬ ‫ﻋﺒﺪاﷲ‬ ‫ﺑﻦ‬ ‫ﺟﺎﺑﺮ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬‫ب‬‫ﻗﺎل‬:‫رﺳﻮل‬ ‫ﻣﻊ‬ ‫ﺧﺮﺟﻨﺎ‬‫اﷲ‬r
‫ﻧﺠﺪ‬ ‫إﱃ‬،‫دارا‬ ‫ﻓﻐﺸﻴﻨﺎ‬ً‫اﳌﴩﻛﲔ‬ ‫دور‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬،‫ﻗﺎل‬:‫اﻣﺮأة‬ ‫ﻓﺄﺻﺒﻨﺎ‬َ‫رﺟﻞ‬ٍ‫ﻣﻨﻬﻢ‬،‫ﻗﺎل‬:
‫رﺳﻮل‬ ‫اﻧﴫف‬ ‫ﺛﻢ‬‫اﷲ‬r‫راﺟﻌﺎ‬ً،‫ﻏﺎﺋﺒﺎ‬ ‫وﻛﺎن‬ ‫ﺻﺎﺣﺒﻬﺎ‬ ‫وﺟﺎء‬ً‫ﻟﻪ‬ ‫ﻓﺬﻛﺮ‬‫ﻣﺼﺎﲠﺎ‬
‫ﳞ‬ ‫ﺣﺘﻰ‬ ‫ﻳﺮﺟﻊ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ ‫ﻓﺤﻠﻒ‬ُ‫رﺳﻮل‬ ‫أﺻﺤﺎب‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺮﻳﻖ‬‫اﷲ‬r‫دﻣﺎ‬ً،‫ﻗﺎل‬:‫ﻛﺎن‬ ‫ﻓﻠﲈ‬
‫رﺳﻮل‬‫اﷲ‬r‫ﺷ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﻧﺰل‬ ‫اﻟﻄﺮﻳﻖ‬ ‫ﺑﺒﻌﺾ‬ِ‫ﻌ‬ْ‫ﺐ‬ٍ‫اﻟﺸ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬‫ﱢ‬‫ﻌ‬َ‫وﻗﺎل‬ ‫ﺎب‬:»‫رﺟﻼن‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ِ َ ُ َْ َ
‫ﻳﻜﻶﻧﺎ‬َ ْ َ‫ﰲ‬‫ﻋﺪوﻧﺎ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻫﺬه‬ ‫ﻟﻴﻠﺘﻨﺎ‬َ ‫ﱢ‬ َ ْ َُ َِ ِ ِ ِ َ َْ«‫ﻗﺎل‬:‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ورﺟﻞ‬ ‫اﳌﻬﺎﺟﺮﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫رﺟﻞ‬ ‫ﻓﻘﺎل‬
‫رﺳﻮل‬ ‫ﻳﺎ‬ ‫ﻧﻜﻠﺆك‬ ‫ﻧﺤﻦ‬ ‫اﻷﻧﺼﺎر‬‫ا‬‫ﷲ‬‫ﻗﺎل‬ ،:‫اﻟﻌﺴﻜﺮ‬ ‫دون‬ ‫اﻟﺸﻌﺐ‬ ‫ﻓﻢ‬ ‫إﱃ‬ ‫ﻓﺨﺮﺟﺎ‬،
‫ﻟﻠﻤﻬﺎﺟﺮي‬ ‫اﻷﻧﺼﺎري‬ ‫ﻗﺎل‬ ‫ﺛﻢ‬:‫ﺗﻜﻔﻴﻨﻲ‬ ‫أم‬ ‫آﺧﺮه‬ ‫وأﻛﻔﻴﻚ‬ ‫اﻟﻠﻴﻞ‬ ‫أول‬ ‫أﺗﻜﻔﻴﻨﻲ‬
‫ﻗﺎل‬ ‫أوﻟﻪ؟‬ ‫وأﻛﻔﻴﻚ‬ ‫آﺧﺮه‬:‫ﻓﻨﺎم‬ ‫آﺧﺮه‬ ‫وأﻛﻔﻴﻚ‬ ‫أوﻟﻪ‬ ‫اﻛﻔﻨﻲ‬ ‫ﺑﻞ‬ ‫اﳌﻬﺎﺟﺮي‬ ‫ﻓﻘﺎل‬
‫ﻗﺎل‬ ،‫ﻳﺼﲇ‬ ‫اﻷﻧﺼﺎري‬ ‫وﻗﺎم‬ ‫اﳌﻬﺎﺟﺮي‬:‫ﻳﻘﺮأ‬ ‫ﻫﻮ‬ ‫ﻓﺒﻴﻨﺎ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﺮآن‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺳﻮرة‬ ‫ﻓﺎﻓﺘﺘﺢ‬
‫ﺟﺎء‬ ‫إذ‬ ‫ﻓﻴﻬﺎ‬‫ﻗﺎل‬ ،‫اﳌﺮأة‬ ‫زوج‬:‫اﻟﻘﻮم‬ ‫رﺑﻴﺌﺔ‬ ‫أﻧﻪ‬ ‫ﻋﺮف‬ ‫ﻗﺎﺋﲈ‬ ‫اﻟﺮﺟﻞ‬ ‫رأى‬ ‫ﻓﻠﲈ‬-‫أي‬
‫ﺣﺎرﺳﻬﻢ‬
)٢(
-‫ﻗﺎل‬ ،‫ﻓﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﻓﻴﻀﻌﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﺴﻬﻢ‬ ‫ﻟﻪ‬ ‫ﻓﻴﻨﺘﺰع‬:‫ﻗﺎﺋﻢ‬ ‫وﻫﻮ‬ ‫ﻓﻴﻀﻌﻪ‬ ‫ﻓﻴﻨﺰﻋﻪ‬
‫ﻗﺎل‬ ،‫ﻳﻘﻄﻌﻬﺎ‬ ‫أن‬ ‫ﻛﺮاﻫﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻳﺘﺤﺮك‬ ‫وﱂ‬ ‫ﻓﻴﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻫﻮ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﺴﻮرة‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﻳﻘﺮأ‬:‫ﻟﻪ‬ ‫ﻋﺎد‬ ‫ﺛﻢ‬
‫ﻳﺼﲇ‬ ‫ﻗﺎﺋﻢ‬ ‫وﻫﻮ‬ ‫ﻓﻮﺿﻌﻪ‬ ‫ﻓﺎﻧﺘﺰﻋﻪ‬ ‫ﻓﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﻓﻮﺿﻌﻪ‬ ‫آﺧﺮ‬ ‫ﺑﺴﻬﻢ‬ ‫اﳌﺮأة‬ ‫زوج‬‫وﱂ‬
)١(‫اﻷﺣﻮذي‬ ‫ﲢﻔﺔ‬)٥/٢٢(.
)٢(‫ﻗﺘﻴﺒﺔ‬ ‫ﻻﺑﻦ‬ ‫اﳊﺪﻳﺚ‬ ‫ﻏﺮﻳﺐ‬)١/١٥١(.

 
‫ﻗﺎل‬ ،‫ﻳﻘﻄﻌﻬﺎ‬ ‫أن‬ ‫ﻛﺮاﻫﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻳﺘﺤﺮك‬:‫ﻓﻮﺿﻌﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﺴﻬﻢ‬ ‫اﻟﺜﺎﻟﺜﺔ‬ ‫اﳌﺮأة‬ ‫زوج‬ ‫ﻟﻪ‬ ‫ﻋﺎد‬ ‫ﺛﻢ‬
‫ﻟﺼﺎﺣﺒﻪ‬ ‫ﻗﺎل‬ ‫ﺛﻢ‬ ‫ﻓﺴﺠﺪ‬ ‫رﻛﻊ‬ ‫ﺛﻢ‬ ‫ﻓﻮﺿﻌﻪ‬ ‫ﻓﺎﻧﺘﺰﻋﻪ‬ ‫ﻓﻴﻪ‬:‫ﻗﺎل‬ ،‫أوﺗﻴﺖ‬ ‫ﻓﻘﺪ‬ ‫اﻗﻌﺪ‬:
‫ﻗﺎل‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﻧﺬر‬ ‫ﻗﺪ‬ ‫أﻧﻪ‬ ‫وﻋﺮف‬ ‫ﻫﺮب‬ ‫اﳌﺮأة‬ ‫ﺻﺎﺣﺐ‬ ‫رآﳘﺎ‬ ‫ﻓﻠﲈ‬ ‫اﳌﻬﺎﺟﺮي‬ ‫ﻓﺠﻠﺲ‬:
‫دﻣﺎ‬ ‫ﻳﻤﻮج‬ ‫اﻷﻧﺼﺎري‬ ‫وإذا‬ً‫اﳌﺮأة‬ ‫ﺻﺎﺣﺐ‬ ‫رﻣﻴﺎت‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬،‫ﻓ‬ ‫ﻗﺎل‬‫أﺧﻮه‬ ‫ﻟﻪ‬ ‫ﻘﺎل‬
‫ﻳﻐﻔﺮ‬ ‫اﳌﻬﺎﺟﺮي‬‫اﷲ‬‫ﻗﺎل‬ ‫رﻣﺎك؟‬ ‫ﻣﺎ‬ ‫أول‬ ‫آذﻧﺘﻨﻲ‬ ‫ﻛﻨﺖ‬ ‫أﻻ‬ ‫ﻟﻚ‬،‫ﻓﻘﺎل‬:‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﻛﻨﺖ‬
‫و‬ ‫أﻗﻄﻌﻬﺎ‬ ‫أن‬ ‫ﻓﻜﺮﻫﺖ‬ ‫ﲠﺎ‬ ‫أﺻﲇ‬ ‫اﻓﺘﺘﺤﺘﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻗﺪ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﺮآن‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺳﻮرة‬‫أ‬‫ﻳﻢ‬‫اﷲ‬‫أن‬ ‫ﻟﻮﻻ‬
‫ﺛﻐﺮا‬ ‫أﺿﻴﻊ‬ً‫رﺳﻮل‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫أﻣﺮﲏ‬‫اﷲ‬r‫أﻗﻄﻌﻪ‬ ‫أن‬ ‫ﻗﺒﻞ‬ ‫ﻧﻔﴘ‬ ‫ﻟﻘﻄﻊ‬ ‫ﺑﺤﻔﻈﻪ‬
)١(
.
 
-‫ﻗﺎل‬‫اﷲ‬‫ﺗﻌﺎﱃ‬:kjiqponml
~}|{zyxwvutsr
¡]‫اﻟﺘﻮﺑﺔ‬:١٨.[
-‫ﻋﻔﺎن‬ ‫ﺑﻦ‬ ‫ﻋﺜﲈن‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬t‫اﻟﻨﺒﻲ‬ ‫ﺳﻤﻌﺖ‬ ‫ﻗﺎل‬r‫ﻳﻘﻮل‬:»‫ﻣﺴﺠﺪا‬ ‫ﺑﻨﻰ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ً َِ ْ َ ََ ْ
‫وﺟﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﻳﺒﺘﻐﻲ‬َ ْ َ ْ
ِ ِِ َ َ‫اﷲ‬‫ﺑﻨﻰ‬َ َ‫اﷲ‬‫اﳉﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﻣﺜﻠﻪ‬ ‫ﻟﻪ‬ِ ِ‫ﱠ‬ َْ ِ ُ َُ َْ«
)٢(
.
-‫ﻫﺮﻳﺮة‬ ‫أﰊ‬ ‫وﻋﻦ‬t‫ﻗﺎل‬:‫رﺳﻮل‬ ‫ﻗﺎل‬‫اﷲ‬r:»‫ﻳ‬ ‫ﳑﺎ‬ ‫إن‬َ ‫ﱠ‬ ِ ‫ﱠ‬ ِ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫اﳌﺆﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻠﺤﻖ‬ْ َ َ
ِ ِ ْ ُْ ُ ْ
‫وﻧﴩه‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻤﻪ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﲈ‬ ‫ﻣﻮﺗﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﻌﺪ‬ ‫وﺣﺴﻨﺎﺗﻪ‬ ‫ﻋﻤﻠﻪ‬ُ َ ُ َ ْ ْ َ َ َ ََ ًَ َ َ َ َ َ‫ﱠ‬ ْ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ َِ َ،‫ﺗﺮﻛﻪ‬ ‫ﺻﺎﳊﺎ‬ ‫ووﻟﺪا‬ُ َ َ ََ َ َ ًًِ َ،‫وﻣﺼﺤﻔﺎ‬ً َ ْ َُ
)١(‫أﲪﺪ‬ ‫رواه‬)١٤٤٥١(‫داود‬ ‫وأﺑﻮ‬)١٩٣(‫اﻷﻟﺒﺎﲏ‬ ‫وﺻﺤﺤﻪ‬.
)٢(‫اﻟﺒﺨﺎري‬ ‫رواه‬)٤٣٩(‫وﻣﺴﻠﻢ‬)٥٣٣.(

 
‫ورﺛﻪ‬ُ ََ ‫ﱠ‬،‫ﺑﻨﺎه‬ ‫ﻣﺴﺠﺪا‬ ‫أو‬ُ َ َْ ً ِ ْ َ َ،‫ﺑﻨﺎه‬ ‫اﻟﺴﺒﻴﻞ‬ ‫ﻻﺑﻦ‬ ‫ﺑﻴﺘﺎ‬ ‫أو‬ُ َ ْ َ َْ ًِ ِ ‫ﱠ‬ ِْ ِ َ،‫أﺟﺮاه‬ ‫ﳖﺮا‬ ‫أو‬ُ ْ َ َْ ً َْ َ،‫ﺻﺪﻗﺔ‬ ‫أو‬ً َ َ َ ْ َ
‫أﺧﺮﺟ‬َ َ ْ َ‫ﻣﺎﻟﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻬﺎ‬ِ ِ ِ
َ ْ َ‫ﰲ‬‫ﻣﻮﺗﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﻌﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻳﻠﺤﻘﻪ‬ ‫وﺣﻴﺎﺗﻪ‬ ‫ﺻﺤﺘﻪ‬ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ
ْ ْ َ ْ ُ َ َ َ ‫ﱠ‬َ َ َُ ْ«
)١(
.
-‫رﺳﻮل‬‫وﻛﺎن‬‫اﷲ‬r‫ﺳﻌﻴﺪ‬‫أﰊ‬‫ﻓﻌﻦ‬‫اﻟﻨﺒﻮي‬‫اﳌﺴﺠﺪ‬‫ﺑﻨﺎء‬‫ﰲ‬‫أﺻﺤﺎﺑﻪ‬‫ﻣﻊ‬‫ﻳﺘﻌﺎون‬
t‫ﻗﺎل‬ ‫اﳌﺴﺠﺪ‬ ‫ﺑﻨﺎء‬ ‫ذﻛﺮ‬ ‫ﰲ‬:‫ﻓﺮآه‬ ‫ﻟﺒﻨﺘﲔ‬ ‫ﻟﺒﻨﺘﲔ‬ ‫وﻋﲈر‬ ‫ﻟﺒﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﺒﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﻧﺤﻤﻞ‬ ‫ﻛﻨﺎ‬
‫اﻟﻨﺒﻲ‬r‫وﻳﻘﻮل‬ ‫ﻋﻨﻪ‬ ‫اﻟﱰاب‬ ‫ﻓﻴﻨﻔﺾ‬:»‫و‬َ‫ﻳﺪﻋﻮﻫﻢ‬ ‫اﻟﺒﺎﻏﻴﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻔﺌﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﻘﺘﻠﻪ‬ ‫ﻋﲈر‬ ‫ﻳﺢ‬ْ َ َ ُْ ُ َ ُ َ َْ َ ُ َُ ُ ِْ ِْ ْ ُ ٍ
‫ﱠ‬
‫اﻟﻨﺎر‬ ‫إﱃ‬ ‫وﻳﺪﻋﻮﻧﻪ‬ ‫اﳉﻨﺔ‬ ‫إﱃ‬ِ ‫ﱠ‬ ْ ‫ﱠ‬َ َِ ُِ ُ ََ َ
ِ َْ«‫ﻋﲈر‬ ‫ﻳﻘﻮل‬ ‫ﻗﺎل‬t:‫اﻟﻔﺘﻦ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﷲ‬ ‫أﻋﻮذ‬
)٢(
.
 
‫اﻟﺪاري‬ ‫ﲤﻴﻢ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬ٍt‫اﻟﻨﺒﻲ‬ ‫أن‬r‫ﻗﺎل‬:»‫اﻟﻨﺼﻴﺤﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺪﻳﻦ‬ُ َ ُ
ِ ‫ﱠ‬ ‫ﱢ‬«‫ﻗﻠﻨﺎ‬ ،:‫ﳌﻦ؟‬
‫ﻗﺎل‬:»‫ﷲ‬‫وﻟﺮ‬ ‫وﻟﻜﺘﺎﺑﻪ‬َ
ِ ِ ِ ِ
َ َِ َ‫وﻋﺎﻣﺘﻬﻢ‬ ‫اﳌﺴﻠﻤﲔ‬ ‫وﻷﺋﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﺳﻮﻟﻪ‬ْ ‫ﱠ‬ ْ ‫ﱠ‬ ُِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ
َ َ ََ ُْ َ ِ«
)٣(
.
‫رﲪﻪ‬ ‫ﺣﺠﺮ‬ ‫اﺑﻦ‬ ‫ﻗﺎل‬‫اﷲ‬:‫إﳖﺎ‬ ‫ﻓﻴﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻗﻴﻞ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻲ‬ ‫اﻷﺣﺎدﻳﺚ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫اﳊﺪﻳﺚ‬ ‫وﻫﺬا‬
‫اﻟﺪﻳﻦ‬ ‫أرﺑﺎع‬ ‫أﺣﺪ‬
)٤(
.‫اﻟﻨﻮوي‬ ‫وﻗﺎل‬‫رﲪﻪ‬‫اﷲ‬:‫وﻋﻠﻴﻪ‬ ‫اﻟﺸﺄن‬ ‫ﻋﻈﻴﻢ‬ ‫ﺣﺪﻳﺚ‬ ‫ﻫﺬا‬
‫اﻹﺳﻼم‬ ‫ﻣﺪار‬.‫ﲨﺎﻋﺎت‬ ‫ﻗﺎﻟﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﺎ‬ ‫وأﻣﺎ‬ٍ‫اﻹ‬ ‫أرﺑﺎع‬ ‫أﺣﺪ‬ ‫أﻧﻪ‬ ‫اﻟﻌﻠﲈء‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬‫أي‬ ‫ﺳﻼم‬
‫اﳌﺪار‬ ‫ﺑﻞ‬ ،‫ﻗﺎﻟﻮه‬ ‫ﻛﲈ‬ ‫ﻓﻠﻴﺲ‬ ‫اﻹﺳﻼم‬ ‫أﻣﻮر‬ ‫ﲡﻤﻊ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻲ‬ ‫اﻷرﺑﻌﺔ‬ ‫اﻷﺣﺎدﻳﺚ‬ ‫أﺣﺪ‬
‫وﺣﺪه‬ ‫ﻫﺬا‬ ‫ﻋﲆ‬....‫أﻋﻠﻢ‬ ‫واﷲ‬
)٥(
.
)١(‫ﻣﺎﺟﺔ‬ ‫اﺑﻦ‬ ‫رواه‬)٢٣٨(‫واﻟﱰﻫﻴﺐ‬ ‫اﻟﱰﻏﻴﺐ‬ ‫ﺻﺤﻴﺢ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫اﻷﻟﺒﺎﲏ‬ ‫وﺣﺴﻨﻪ‬ ،)٧٧.(
)٢(‫اﻟﺒﺨﺎري‬ ‫رواه‬)٤٣٦.(
)٣(‫ﻣﺴﻠﻢ‬ ‫رواه‬)٥٥.(
)٤(‫اﻟﺒﺎري‬ ‫ﻓﺘﺢ‬)١/١٣٨.(
)٥(‫ﻣﺴﻠﻢ‬ ‫ﻋﲆ‬ ‫اﻟﻨﻮوي‬ ‫ﴍح‬)٢/٣٧.(

 
‫واﻟﻨﺼﻴﺤﺔ‬‫ﷲ‬:‫ﻇﺎﻫﺮا‬ ‫ﻟﻪ‬ ‫واﳋﻀﻮع‬ ،‫ﻟﻪ‬ ‫أﻫﻞ‬ ‫ﻫﻮ‬ ‫ﺑﲈ‬ ‫وﺻﻔﻪ‬ً‫وﺑﺎﻃﻨﺎ‬ً‫واﻟﺮﻏﺒﺔ‬ ،
‫رد‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫واﳉﻬﺎد‬ ،‫ﻣﻌﺼﻴﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﱰك‬ ‫ﻣﺴﺎﺧﻄﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫واﻟﺮﻫﺒﺔ‬ ،‫ﻃﺎﻋﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﻔﻌﻞ‬ ‫ﳏﺎﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﰲ‬
‫اﻟﻌﺎﺻﲔ‬‫إﻟﻴﻪ‬.
‫ﻟﻜﺘﺎب‬‫واﻟﻨﺼﻴﺤﺔ‬‫اﷲ‬:‫وﲢﺮﻳﺮﻫﺎ‬،‫اﻟﺘﻼوة‬‫ﰲ‬‫ﺣﺮوﻓﻪ‬‫وإﻗﺎﻣﺔ‬،‫وﺗﻌﻠﻴﻤﻪ‬،‫ﺗﻌﻠﻤﻪ‬
‫ﲢﺮﻳﻒ‬ ‫وذب‬ ،‫ﻓﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﲈ‬ ‫واﻟﻌﻤﻞ‬ ،‫ﺣﺪوده‬ ‫وﺣﻔﻆ‬ ،‫ﻣﻌﺎﻧﻴﻪ‬ ‫وﺗﻔﻬﻢ‬ ،‫اﻟﻜﺘﺎﺑﺔ‬ ‫ﰲ‬
‫ﻋﻨﻪ‬ ‫اﳌﺒﻄﻠﲔ‬.
‫ﻟﺮﺳﻮﻟﻪ‬ ‫واﻟﻨﺼﻴﺤﺔ‬:‫ﺣﻴﺎ‬ ‫وﻧﴫه‬ ،‫ﺗﻌﻈﻴﻤﻪ‬ً‫وﻣﻴﺘﺎ‬ً‫ﺑﺘﻌﻠﻤﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺳﻨﺘﻪ‬ ‫وإﺣﻴﺎء‬ ،
‫أﻗﻮاﻟﻪ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫واﻻﻗﺘﺪاء‬ ،‫وﺗﻌﻠﻴﻤﻬﺎ‬‫أﺗﺒﺎﻋﻪ‬ ‫وﳏﺒﺔ‬ ‫وﳏﺒﺘﻪ‬ ،‫وأﻓﻌﺎﻟﻪ‬.
‫اﳌﺴﻠﻤﲔ‬ ‫ﻷﺋﻤﺔ‬ ‫واﻟﻨﺼﻴﺤﺔ‬:‫ﲪ‬ ‫ﻣﺎ‬ ‫ﻋﲆ‬ ‫إﻋﺎﻧﺘﻬﻢ‬‫ﱢ‬ ُ‫ﻠ‬ُ‫ﻮ‬ْ‫وﺗﻨﺒﻴﻬﻬﻢ‬ ،‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﻴﺎم‬ ‫ا‬
‫اﻟﻘﻠﻮب‬ ‫ورد‬ ،‫ﻋﻠﻴﻬﻢ‬ ‫اﻟﻜﻠﻤﺔ‬ ‫وﲨﻊ‬ ،‫اﳍﻔﻮة‬ ‫ﻋﻨﺪ‬ ‫ﺧﻠﺘﻬﻢ‬ ‫وﺳﺪ‬ ،‫اﻟﻐﻔﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﻨﺪ‬
‫أﺣﺴﻦ‬ ‫ﻫﻲ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﺘﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻈﻠﻢ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬ ‫دﻓﻌﻬﻢ‬ ‫ﻧﺼﻴﺤﺘﻬﻢ‬ ‫أﻋﻈﻢ‬ ‫وﻣﻦ‬ ،‫إﻟﻴﻬﻢ‬ ‫اﻟﻨﺎﻓﺮة‬.
‫اﳌﺴﻠﻤﲔ‬ ‫ﻟﻌﺎﻣﺔ‬ ‫واﻟﻨﺼﻴﺤﺔ‬:،‫ودﻧﻴﺎﻫﻢ‬ ‫آﺧﺮﲥﻢ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﳌﺼﺎﳊﻬﻢ‬ ‫إرﺷﺎدﻫﻢ‬
‫ﺑﺎﻟﻘﻮل‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻴﻪ‬ ‫وﻳﻌﻴﻨﻬﻢ‬ ،‫دﻳﻨﻬﻢ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﳚﻬﻠﻮﻧﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﺎ‬ ‫ﻓﻴﻌﻠﻤﻬﻢ‬ ‫ﻋﻨﻬﻢ‬ ‫اﻷذى‬ ‫وﻛﻒ‬
‫ﺧﻼ‬ ‫وﺳﺪ‬ ،‫ﻋﻮراﲥﻢ‬ ‫وﺳﱰ‬ ،‫واﻟﻔﻌﻞ‬‫ﱠ‬‫اﳌﻨﺎﻓﻊ‬ ‫وﺟﻠﺐ‬ ،‫ﻋﻨﻬﻢ‬ ‫اﳌﻀﺎر‬ ‫ودﻓﻊ‬ ،‫ﲥﻢ‬
،‫ﻋﻠﻴﻬﻢ‬ ‫واﻟﺸﻔﻘﺔ‬ ،‫وإﺧﻼص‬ ‫ﺑﺮﻓﻖ‬ ‫اﳌﻨﻜﺮ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬ ‫وﳖﻴﻬﻢ‬ ،‫ﺑﺎﳌﻌﺮوف‬ ‫وأﻣﺮﻫﻢ‬ ،‫ﳍﻢ‬
‫ﺻ‬ ‫ورﲪﺔ‬ ،‫ﻛﺒﲑﻫﻢ‬ ‫وﺗﻮﻗﲑ‬‫ﻏﺸﻬﻢ‬ ‫وﺗﺮك‬ ،‫اﳊﺴﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﳌﻮﻋﻈﺔ‬ ‫وﲣﻮﳍﻢ‬ ،‫ﻐﲑﻫﻢ‬
‫ﻟﻨﻔﺴﻪ‬ ‫ﻳﻜﺮه‬ ‫ﻣﺎ‬ ‫ﳍﻢ‬ ‫وﻳﻜﺮه‬ ،‫اﳋﲑ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻟﻨﻔﺴﻪ‬ ‫ﳛﺐ‬ ‫ﻣﺎ‬ ‫ﳍﻢ‬ ‫ﳛﺐ‬ ‫وأن‬ ،‫وﺣﺴﺪﻫﻢ‬
‫ﺑﺎﻟﻘﻮل‬ ‫أﺣﻮاﳍﻢ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ذﻟﻚ‬ ‫وﻏﲑ‬ ،‫وأﻋﺮاﺿﻬﻢ‬ ‫أﻣﻮاﳍﻢ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬ ‫واﻟﺬب‬ ،‫اﳌﻜﺮوه‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬

 
‫وﺗﻨﺸﻴﻂ‬ ،‫اﻟﻨﺼﻴﺤﺔ‬ ‫أﻧﻮاع‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ذﻛﺮﻧﺎه‬ ‫ﻣﺎ‬ ‫ﺑﺠﻤﻴﻊ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﺨﻠﻖ‬ ‫ﻋﲆ‬ ‫وﺣﺜﻬﻢ‬ ،‫واﻟﻔﻌﻞ‬
‫ﳘ‬‫ﻤ‬‫اﻟﻄﺎﻋ‬ ‫إﱃ‬ ‫ﻬﻢ‬‫ﺎت‬‫اﻟﺴﻠﻒ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﻛﺎن‬ ‫وﻗﺪ‬y‫اﻹﴐار‬ ‫إﱃ‬ ‫اﻟﻨﺼﻴﺤﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺗﺒﻠﻎ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬
‫ﺑﺪﻧﻴﺎه‬.
 
‫ﻗﺎل‬‫اﷲ‬‫ﺗﻌﺎﱃ‬:, + *)('&%$# "
9876543210/.-
<;:]‫اﻟﻨﺴﺎء‬:١١٤.[
‫اﻟﺴﻌﺪي‬‫ﻗﺎل‬‫رﲪﻪ‬‫اﷲ‬‫أي‬:،‫وﻳﺘﺨﺎﻃﺒﻮن‬‫اﻟﻨﺎس‬‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻨﺎﺟﻰ‬‫ﳑﺎ‬‫ﻛﺜﲑ‬‫ﰲ‬‫ﺧﲑ‬‫ﻻ‬
‫ﻳﻜﻦ‬ ‫ﱂ‬ ‫وإذا‬‫وﻣﴬة‬ ‫ﴍ‬ ‫وإﻣﺎ‬ ،‫اﳌﺒﺎح‬ ‫اﻟﻜﻼم‬ ‫ﻛﻔﻀﻮل‬ ‫ﻓﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﻓﺎﺋﺪة‬ ‫ﻻ‬ ‫ﻓﺈﻣﺎ‬ ،‫ﺧﲑ‬ ‫ﻓﻴﻪ‬
‫أﻧﻮاﻋﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﺠﻤﻴﻊ‬ ‫اﳌﺤﺮم‬ ‫ﻛﺎﻟﻜﻼم‬ ‫ﳏﻀﺔ‬.
‫ﻓﻘﺎل‬ ‫ﺗﻌﺎﱃ‬ ‫اﺳﺘﺜﻨﻰ‬ ‫ﺛﻢ‬:)+ *‫ﻣﺎل‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ٍ‫ﻋﻠﻢ‬ ‫أو‬ٍ‫ﻧﻔﻊ‬ ‫أي‬ ‫أو‬ٍ
‫ﻛﲈ‬ ،‫وﻧﺤﻮه‬ ‫واﻟﺘﺤﻤﻴﺪ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﻟﺘﺴﺒﻴﺢ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﺎﴏة‬ ‫اﻟﻌﺒﺎدات‬ ‫ﻓﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﻳﺪﺧﻞ‬ ‫ﻟﻌﻠﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﻞ‬ ،‫ﻛﺎن‬
‫اﻟﻨﺒﻲ‬ ‫ﻗﺎل‬r:»‫ﺗﺴ‬ ‫ﺑﻜﻞ‬ ‫إن‬ْ َ ‫ﱢ‬ ُ ِ ‫ﱠ‬‫ﲢﻤﻴﺪة‬ ‫وﻛﻞ‬ ،‫ﺻﺪﻗﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﻜﺒﲑة‬ ‫وﻛﻞ‬ ،‫ﺻﺪﻗﺔ‬ ‫ﺒﻴﺤﺔ‬ٍ ِ ٍ ٍَ َ َ ََ ‫ﱢ‬ ‫ﱢ‬ُ َُ َ َ َ ًَ َ ًَ ِ
،‫ﺻﺪﻗﺔ‬ ‫اﳌﻨﻜﺮ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬ ‫وﳖﻲ‬ ،‫ﺻﺪﻗﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﳌﻌﺮوف‬ ‫وأﻣﺮ‬ ،‫ﺻﺪﻗﺔ‬ ‫ﲥﻠﻴﻠﺔ‬ ‫وﻛﻞ‬ ،‫ﺻﺪﻗﺔ‬ٌ َ ٌ َ ً َ ً ََ ْ َ َ َ ََ َ َ َ َ ْ َ َ َ َِ َ ُ َِ ٌ ُ ٌ ْ
ِ ٍ َِ ‫ﱢ‬ْ ُ
‫ﺻﺪﻗﺔ‬ ‫أﺣﺪﻛﻢ‬ ‫ﺑﻀﻊ‬ ‫وﰲ‬َ َ َ َ ُْ ُ ِ َ ِ ْ«
)١(
.
)١(‫ر‬‫ﻣﺴﻠﻢ‬ ‫واه‬)٢٣٧٦.(

 
-,‫و‬ ‫واﻟﻄﺎﻋﺔ‬ ‫اﻹﺣﺴﺎن‬ ‫وﻫﻮ‬َ‫ﻛ‬ُ‫ﻞ‬‫ﱡ‬‫ﻋ‬ ‫ﻣﺎ‬ُ‫ﺮ‬ِ‫ف‬َ‫اﻟﴩ‬ ‫ﰲ‬‫واﻟﻌﻘﻞ‬ ‫ع‬
‫دﺧﻞ‬ ‫اﳌﻨﻜﺮ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﻨﻬﻲ‬ ‫ﻳﻘﺮن‬ ‫أن‬ ‫ﻏﲑ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﳌﻌﺮوف‬ ‫اﻷﻣﺮ‬ ‫أﻃﻠﻖ‬ ‫وإذا‬ ،‫ﺣﺴﻨﻪ‬
‫ﻳﺘﻢ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ ‫وأﻳﻀﺎ‬ ،‫اﳌﻌﺮوف‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫اﳌﻨﻬﻴﺎت‬ ‫ﺗﺮك‬ ‫ﻷن‬ ‫وذﻟﻚ‬ ،‫اﳌﻨﻜﺮ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬ ‫اﻟﻨﻬﻲ‬ ‫ﻓﻴﻪ‬
‫اﻟﴩ‬ ‫ﺑﱰك‬ ‫إﻻ‬ ‫اﳋﲑ‬ ‫ﻓﻌﻞ‬.،‫اﳌﺄﻣﻮر‬ ‫ﺑﻔﻌﻞ‬ ‫اﳌﻌﺮوف‬ ‫ﻓﻴﻔﴪ‬ ‫اﻻﻗﱰان‬ ‫ﻋﻨﺪ‬ ‫وأﻣﺎ‬
‫اﳌﻨﻬﻲ‬ ‫ﺑﱰك‬ ‫واﳌﻨﻜﺮ‬.
1 0 / .‫واﻹﺻﻼ‬‫ﻣﺘﻨﺎزﻋﲔ‬ ‫ﺑﲔ‬ ‫إﻻ‬ ‫ﻳﻜﻮن‬ ‫ﻻ‬ ‫ح‬
‫ﻻ‬ ‫ﻣﺎ‬ ‫واﻟﻔﺮﻗﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﴩ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻳﻮﺟﺐ‬ ‫واﻟﺘﻐﺎﺿﺐ‬ ‫واﳋﺼﺎم‬ ‫واﻟﻨﺰاع‬ ،‫ﻣﺘﺨﺎﺻﻤﲔ‬
‫اﻟﺪﻣﺎء‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫اﻟﻨﺎس‬ ‫ﺑﲔ‬ ‫اﻹﺻﻼح‬ ‫ﻋﲆ‬ ‫اﻟﺸﺎرع‬ ‫ﺣﺚ‬ ‫ﻓﻠﺬﻟﻚ‬ ،‫ﺣﴫه‬ ‫ﻳﻤﻜﻦ‬
‫ﺗﻌﺎﱃ‬ ‫ﻗﺎل‬ ‫ﻛﲈ‬ ‫اﻷدﻳﺎن‬ ‫وﰲ‬ ‫ﺑﻞ‬ ،‫واﻷﻋﺮاض‬ ‫واﻷﻣﻮال‬:BA
FEDC]‫ﻋﻤﺮان‬ ‫آل‬:١٠٣[‫ﺗﻌﺎﱃ‬ ‫وﻗﺎل‬:kji
nmlx wvutsrqpo
© ¨ § ¦¥ ¤ £ ¢ ¡ ~} | { z y
ª]‫اﳊﺠﺮات‬:١٩.[
‫ﺗﻌﺎﱃ‬ ‫وﻗﺎل‬:21]‫اﻟﻨﺴﺎء‬:١٢٨[،‫اﻹﺻﻼح‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫واﻟﺴﺎﻋﻲ‬
‫أن‬ ‫ﺑﺪ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ ‫واﳌﺼﻠﺢ‬ ،‫واﻟﺼﺪﻗﺔ‬ ‫واﻟﺼﻴﺎم‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﺼﻼة‬ ‫اﻟﻘﺎﻧﺖ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫أﻓﻀﻞ‬ ‫اﻟﻨﺎس‬ ‫ﺑﲔ‬
‫ﻳﺼﻠﺢ‬‫اﷲ‬‫وﻋﻤﻠﻪ‬ ‫ﺳﻌﻴﻪ‬.
‫أن‬ ‫ﻛﲈ‬‫ﱠ‬‫ﻳﺼﻠﺢ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ ‫اﻹﻓﺴﺎد‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫اﻟﺴﺎﻋﻲ‬‫اﷲ‬‫ﻋ‬‫ﻛﲈ‬ ‫ﻣﻘﺼﻮده‬ ‫ﻟﻪ‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻢ‬ ‫وﻻ‬ ‫ﻤﻠﻪ‬
‫ﺗﻌﺎﱃ‬ ‫ﻗﺎل‬:ED CBA@]‫ﻳﻮﻧﺲ‬:٨١[.

 
‫ﻓ‬ ‫ﺣﻴﺜﲈ‬ ‫اﻷﺷﻴﺎء‬ ‫ﻓﻬﺬه‬ُ‫ﻌ‬ِ‫ﻠ‬َ‫ﺖ‬ْ‫اﻻﺳﺘﺜﻨﺎء‬ ‫ذﻟﻚ‬ ‫ﻋﲆ‬ ‫دل‬ ‫ﻛﲈ‬ ‫ﺧﲑ‬ ‫ﻓﻬﻲ‬]‫ﳌﺎ‬ ‫وذﻟﻚ‬
‫اﳌﺘﻌﺪي‬‫اﻟﻨﻔﻊ‬‫ﻣﻦ‬‫ﻓﻴﻬﺎ‬[‫وﳍﺬا‬‫واﻹﺧﻼص‬‫اﻟﻨﻴﺔ‬‫ﺑﺤﺴﺐ‬‫وﲤﺎﻣﻪ‬‫اﻷﺟﺮ‬‫ﻛﲈل‬‫وﻟﻜﻦ‬
‫ﻗﺎل‬:<;:9876 543
)١(
]‫اﻟﻨﺴﺎء‬:١١٤.[
‫ﻋﻤﺮو‬ ‫ﺑﻦ‬ ‫ﻋﺒﺪاﷲ‬ ‫وﻋﻦ‬‫ب‬‫ﻗﺎل‬:‫رﺳﻮل‬ ‫ﻗﺎل‬‫اﷲ‬r:»‫أﻓﻀﻞ‬ ‫إن‬َ َ ْ َ ‫ﱠ‬ ِ
‫اﻟﺼﺪﻗﺔ‬ِ َ َ ‫ﱠ‬‫اﻟﺒﲔ‬ ‫ذات‬ ‫إﺻﻼح‬ِ ْ َ ُ ْْ ِ َ َ«
)٢(
.
‫اﻟﺪرداء‬ ‫أﰊ‬ ‫وﻋﻦ‬t‫ﻗﺎل‬:‫رﺳﻮل‬ ‫ﻗﺎل‬‫اﷲ‬r:»‫ﺑﺄﻓﻀﻞ‬ ‫أﺧﱪﻛﻢ‬ ‫أﻻ‬َ َ ْ َ ِ ْ ُ ُ ِ ْ َ َ
‫رﺳﻮ‬ ‫ﻳﺎ‬ ‫ﺑﲆ‬ ‫ﻗﺎﻟﻮا‬ ‫واﻟﺼﺪﻗﺔ‬ ‫واﻟﺼﻼة‬ ‫اﻟﺼﻴﺎم‬ ‫درﺟﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ُ َ َ َ ََ َ ‫ﱠ‬ َ ‫ﱠ‬ َ ‫ﱢ‬ َ َ ُْ َ َِ ِ ِ َِ َ ِ‫ل‬َ‫اﷲ‬‫ذات‬ ‫إﺻﻼح‬ ‫ﻗﺎل‬ِ َ َُ ْ ِ َ َ
‫اﻟﺒﲔ‬ِ ْ َ ْ«
)٣(
.
‫ﻋﻈﻴﻤﺔ‬ ‫واﻟﺼﻼة‬ ‫اﻟﺼﻴﺎم‬ ‫ﻣﻨﺰﻟﺔ‬ ‫أن‬ ‫ﻓﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﻻﺷﻚ‬ ‫وﳑﺎ‬،‫أرﻛﺎن‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫رﻛﻨﺎن‬ ‫ﻓﻬﲈ‬
،‫اﻹﺳﻼم‬‫ﻫﻨﺎ‬ ‫واﳌﺮاد‬:‫ﺧﲑ‬ ‫اﻟﺒﲔ‬ ‫ذات‬ ‫إﺻﻼح‬ ‫إذا‬ ،‫اﻟﻨﺎﻓﻠﺔ‬ ‫وﺻﻴﺎم‬ ‫اﻟﻨﺎﻓﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﺻﻼة‬ً
‫اﻟﻨﻮاﻓﻞ‬‫وﺻﻴﺎم‬‫ﺻﻼة‬‫ﻣﻦ‬‫؛‬‫إﺻﻼح‬‫ﺑﻴﻨﲈ‬‫ﺻﺎﺣﺒﻪ‬‫ﻋﲆ‬‫ﳏﺼﻮر‬‫وﺛﻮاﲠﲈ‬‫أﺟﺮﳘﺎ‬‫ﻷن‬
‫اﻟﺒﲔ‬ ‫ذات‬:‫اﻵﺧﺮﻳﻦ‬ ‫إﱃ‬ ‫ﻣﺘﻌﺪ‬ ‫ﻧﻔﻊ‬ٍ.
‫اﻟﺼﻴﺎم‬ ‫ﺑﻨﻮاﻓﻞ‬ ‫وﻗﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﻳﺸﻐﻞ‬ ‫ﳑﻦ‬ ‫أﻓﻀﻞ‬ ‫اﻟﺒﲔ‬ ‫ذات‬ ‫ﺑﺈﺻﻼح‬ ‫وﻗﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﻳﺸﻐﻞ‬ ‫ﻓﻤﻦ‬
‫واﻟﺼﻼة‬.
)١(‫اﻟﺮﲪﻦ‬ ‫اﻟﻜﺮﻳﻢ‬ ‫ﺗﻴﺴﲑ‬)٢٠٢.(
)٢(‫ﻣﺴﻨﺪه‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﲪﻴﺪ‬ ‫ﺑﻦ‬ ‫ﻋﺒﺪ‬ ‫رواه‬)٣٣٥(‫اﻷﻟﺒﺎﲏ‬ ‫وﺻﺤﺤﻪ‬ ،‫اﻟﺼﺤﻴﺤﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺴﻠﺴﻠﺔ‬)٢٦٣٩.(
)٣(‫داود‬‫أﺑﻮ‬‫رواه‬)٤٩١٩(‫واﻟﱰﻣﺬي‬)٢٥٠٩(‫وﺻﺤﺤﻪ‬،‫اﳉﺎﻣﻊ‬‫ﺻﺤﻴﺢ‬ ‫ﰲ‬‫اﻷﻟﺒﺎﲏ‬)٢٥٩٥.(

 
 
‫ﻧﻔﻊ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫وﻫﺬا‬ ‫ﻣﴬة‬ ‫دﻓﻊ‬ ‫أو‬ ‫ﻣﻨﻔﻌﺔ‬ ‫ﺟﻠﺐ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﻷﺧﻴﻪ‬ ‫اﳌﺴﻠﻢ‬ ‫ﻓﻴﺘﻮﺳﻂ‬
‫ﺑﺎﳉﺎه‬ ‫اﳌﺴﻠﻤﲔ‬:
‫ﻣﻮﺳﻰ‬ ‫أﰊ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬َt‫ﻗﺎل‬:‫رﺳﻮل‬ ‫ﻛﺎن‬‫اﷲ‬r‫ﺟﺎء‬ ‫إذا‬‫ﻃﻠﺒﺖ‬ ‫أو‬ ‫اﻟﺴﺎﺋﻞ‬ ‫ه‬
‫ﻗﺎل‬ ‫ﺣﺎﺟﺔ‬ ‫إﻟﻴﻪ‬:»‫وﻳﻘﴤ‬ ‫ﺗﺆﺟﺮوا‬ ‫اﺷﻔﻌﻮا‬ِ ْ َ َُ َ ُْ ُ َ ْ‫اﷲ‬‫ﻧﺒﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﻟﺴﺎن‬ ‫ﻋﲆ‬ِ ِ
‫ﱢ‬ َِ َ ِ َ َr‫ﺷﺎء‬ ‫ﻣﺎ‬َ َ َ«
)١(
.
‫اﻟﻨﻮوي‬ ‫ﻗﺎل‬‫رﲪﻪ‬‫اﷲ‬:)‫ﻓﻴﻪ‬:،‫اﳌﺒﺎﺣﺔ‬ ‫اﳊﻮاﺋﺞ‬ ‫ﻷﺻﺤﺎب‬ ‫اﻟﺸﻔﺎﻋﺔ‬ ‫اﺳﺘﺤﺒﺎب‬
‫ﺳﻠﻄﺎن‬ ‫إﱃ‬ ‫اﻟﺸﻔﺎﻋﺔ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﻧﺖ‬ ‫ﺳﻮاء‬ٍ‫ووال‬ٍ‫واﺣﺪ‬ ‫إﱃ‬ ‫أم‬ ،‫وﻧﺤﻮﳘﺎ‬ٍ،‫اﻟﻨﺎس‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬
‫وﺳﻮاء‬ٌ‫ﻛﺎ‬‫ﺳﻠﻄﺎن‬ ‫إﱃ‬ ‫اﻟﺸﻔﺎﻋﺔ‬ ‫ﻧﺖ‬ٍ‫ﻇﻠﻢ‬ ‫ﻛﻒ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ٍ،‫ﰲ‬ ‫أو‬ ،‫ﺗﻌﺰﻳﺮ‬ ‫إﺳﻘﺎط‬ ‫أو‬
‫ﻋﻄﺎء‬ ‫ﲣﻠﻴﺺ‬‫اﳌ‬‫ذﻟﻚ‬ ‫ﻧﺤﻮ‬ ‫أو‬ ،‫ﺤﺘﺎج‬.‫وﻛﺬا‬ ،‫ﻓﺤﺮام‬ ‫اﳊﺪود‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫اﻟﺸﻔﺎﻋﺔ‬ ‫وأﻣﺎ‬
‫ﺣﺮام‬ ‫ﻓﻬﻲ‬ ،‫ذﻟﻚ‬ ‫وﻧﺤﻮ‬ ،‫ﺣﻖ‬ ‫إﺑﻄﺎل‬ ‫أو‬ ،‫ﺑﺎﻃﻞ‬ ‫ﺗﺘﻤﻴﻢ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫اﻟﺸﻔﺎﻋﺔ‬(
)٢(
.
‫ودل‬‫ﱠ‬ َ‫ﻗﻮﻟﻪ‬r:»‫وﻳﻘﴣ‬‫اﷲ‬‫ﻋﲆ‬‫ﻟﺴﺎن‬‫ﻧﺒﻴﻪ‬‫ﻣﺎ‬‫ﺷﺎء‬«‫أن‬‫اﻟﺴﺎﻋﻰ‬‫ﻣﺄﺟﻮر‬
‫ﻋﲆ‬‫ﻛ‬‫ﻞ‬،‫ﺣﺎل‬‫وإن‬‫ﺧﺎب‬‫ﺳﻌﻴﻪ‬‫وﱂ‬‫ﺗﻨﺠﺢ‬‫ﻃﻠﺒﺘﻪ‬
)٣(
.
‫اﻟﻨﺒﻲ‬ ‫وﻛﺎن‬r‫وﻣﺼﻠﺤﺘﻬﻢ‬ ‫اﳌﺴﻠﻤﲔ‬ ‫ﳌﻨﻔﻌﺔ‬ ‫ﺟﺎﻫﻪ‬ ‫ﻳﺒﺬل‬،‫ﻳﺸﻔﻊ‬ ‫ﻓﻜﺎن‬
‫اﳋﺎﺻﺔ‬ ‫أﻣﻮرﻫﻢ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺣﺘﻰ‬ ‫ﳍﻢ‬،‫ﻋ‬ ‫ﻓﻠﲈ‬َ‫ﺘ‬ُ‫ﻘ‬َ‫ﺖ‬ْ‫ﺑﺮﻳﺮة‬‫ل‬‫ﻋﺒﺪا‬ ‫زوﺟﻬﺎ‬ ‫وﻛﺎن‬ً
)١(‫اﻟﺒﺨﺎري‬ ‫رواه‬)١٤٣٢(‫وﻣﺴﻠﻢ‬)٢٦٢٧.(
)٢(‫ﻣﺴﻠﻢ‬ ‫ﻋﲆ‬ ‫اﻟﻨﻮوي‬ ‫ﴍح‬)١٦/١٧٧.(
)٣(‫ﺑﻄﺎل‬ ‫ﻻﺑﻦ‬ ‫اﻟﺒﺨﺎري‬ ‫ﴍح‬)٣/٤٣٤(.

 
‫ﻛﺎن‬ ‫ﺣﺘﻰ‬ ،‫ﻛﺜﲑا‬ ‫ﳛﺒﻬﺎ‬ ‫وﻛﺎن‬ ،‫زوﺟﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻓﺤﺰن‬ ،‫اﻟﻨﻜﺎح‬ ‫ﻓﺴﺦ‬ ‫اﺧﺘﺎرت‬ً
‫و‬ ‫اﳌﺪﻳﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﻃﺮﻗﺎت‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺧﻠﻔﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻳﻤﴚ‬‫اﻟﻨﺒﻲ‬ ‫وﺳﺄل‬ ،‫ﻳﺒﻜﻲ‬ ‫ﻫﻮ‬r‫ﻋﻨﺪﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﻟﻪ‬ ‫ﻳﺸﻔﻊ‬ ‫أن‬
‫اﻟﻨﺒﻲ‬ ‫ﻓﻔﻌﻞ‬ ‫إﻟﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﺗﺮﺟﻊ‬ ‫ﺣﺘﻰ‬r‫ﳍﺎ‬ ‫وﻗﺎل‬ ،:»‫وﻟﺪك‬ ‫أﺑﻮ‬ ‫ﻓﺈﻧﻪ‬ ‫راﺟﻌﺘﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﻟﻮ‬ِ ِ ِ َِ ََ ُ ُ ْ َ َْ ‫ﱠ‬ِ َ َ«‫ﻗﺎﻟﺖ‬:
‫رﺳﻮل‬ ‫ﻳﺎ‬‫اﷲ‬‫ﻗﺎل‬ ‫أﺗﺄﻣﺮﲏ؟‬:»‫ﺷﺎﻓﻊ‬ ‫أﻧﺎ‬ ‫إﻧﲈ‬ ،‫ﻻ‬ٌ
ِ َ َ ‫ﱠ‬َ
َ ِ«‫ﻗﺎﻟﺖ‬ ،:‫ﻓﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﱄ‬ ‫ﺣﺎﺟﺔ‬ ‫ﻻ‬
)١(
.
 
‫وﻧﻘﺎء‬ ،‫اﳌﻨﺒﺖ‬ ‫ﻃﻴﺐ‬ ‫ﻋﲆ‬ ‫دﻟﻴﻞ‬ ‫اﳌﺴﺘﻀﻌﻔﲔ‬ ‫وﻣﺴﺎﻳﺮة‬ ‫اﻟﻨﺎس‬ ‫ﺧﺪﻣﺔ‬ ‫إن‬
‫وﷲ‬ ،‫اﻟﺮﲪﺎء‬ ‫ﻋﺒﺎده‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻳﺮﺣﻢ‬ ‫واﷲ‬ ،‫اﻟﴪﻳﺮة‬ ‫وﺣﺴﻦ‬ ،‫اﻟﻘﻠﺐ‬ ‫وﺻﻔﺎء‬ ،‫اﻷﺻﻞ‬
‫ﻛﺮﺑﺎت‬ ‫ﺗﻔﺮﻳﺞ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻔﺮﻳﺞ‬ ‫وﺟﺰاء‬ ،‫اﻟﻌﺒﺎد‬ ‫ﳌﻨﺎﻓﻊ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﻨﻌﻢ‬ ‫ﳜﺘﺼﻬﻢ‬ ‫أﻗﻮام‬ُ ِ ٌ،‫وﻛﺸﻒ‬ُ
‫اﻵﺧﺮة‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﻏﻤﻮم‬ٍ.
‫ﻋﻤﺮ‬ ‫ﺑﻦ‬ ‫ﻋﺒﺪاﷲ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬‫ب‬‫رﺳﻮل‬ ‫أن‬‫اﷲ‬r‫ﻗﺎل‬:»‫اﳌﺴﻠﻢ‬ ‫أﺧﻮ‬ ‫اﳌﺴﻠﻢ‬ِ ِ ِ
ْ ُ ُْْ ُُْ َ،
‫ﻳﻈﻠﻤﻪ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ُ ُ َ
ِ ْ َ،‫ﻳﺴﻠﻤﻪ‬ ‫وﻻ‬ُ َُ ْ ُ
ِ َ،‫ﻛﺎن‬ ‫أﺧﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﺣﺎﺟﺔ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﻛﺎن‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬َ ََ َِ ِ َِ َ َ ِْ َ‫اﷲ‬‫ﺣﺎﺟﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ِ ِ
َ َ ِ،‫ﻓﺮج‬ ‫وﻣﻦ‬َ ْ َ‫ﱠ‬ ََ
‫ﻓﺮج‬ ‫ﻛﺮﺑﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﺴﻠﻢ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬َ َ ْ َ‫ﱠ‬ ْ ْ َُ ً ُ ٍ ِ‫اﷲ‬‫اﻟﻘﻴﺎﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﻳﻮم‬ ‫ﻛﺮب‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻛﺮﺑﺔ‬ ‫ﲠﺎ‬ ‫ﻋﻨﻪ‬ِ ِ ِ
َ َ َ َ ْ َْ ِ ْ ْ َ ُ َِ ُِ ًُ ْ،‫وﻣﻦ‬ْ ََ‫ﻣﺴﻠﲈ‬ ‫ﺳﱰ‬ً
ِ
ْ ُ ََ َ
‫ﺳﱰه‬ُ َ َ َ‫اﷲ‬‫اﻟﻘﻴﺎﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﻳﻮم‬ِ ِ
َ َ َ َْ ْ«
)٢(
‫زاد‬‫ﻧﻌﻴﻢ‬ ‫أﺑﻮ‬ُ:»‫ﻣﻈﻠﻮم‬ ‫ﻣﻊ‬ ‫ﻣﺸﻰ‬ ‫وﻣﻦ‬َ َ‫ﻳﻌﻴﻨﻪ‬ُ ُ ْ ُ
ِ‫ﺛﺒﺖ‬‫ﱠ‬‫اﷲ‬
‫اﻷﻗﺪام‬ ‫ﺗﺰل‬ ‫ﻳﻮم‬ ‫ﻗﺪﻣﻴﻪ‬‫ﱡ‬ ِ َ َ ْ
ِ«
)٣(
.
)١(‫اﻟﺒﺨﺎري‬ ‫رواه‬)٤٩٧٩.(
)٢(‫اﻟﺒﺨﺎري‬ ‫رواه‬)٢٤٤٢(‫وﻣﺴﻠﻢ‬)٢٣١٠.(
)٣(‫اﳊﻠﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫أﺑﻮﻧﻌﻴﻢ‬ ‫رواه‬)٦/٣٤٨(‫و‬ ،‫اﻷﻟﺒﺎ‬ ‫ﺣﺴﻨﻪ‬‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﲏ‬‫اﳉﺎﻣﻊ‬ ‫ﺻﺤﻴﺢ‬)١٧٦.(

 
‫ﻫﺮﻳﺮة‬ ‫أﰊ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬t‫ﻗﺎل‬:‫رﺳﻮل‬ ‫ﻗﺎل‬‫اﷲ‬r:»‫ﻛﺮﺑﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﺆﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬ ‫ﻧﻔﺲ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ً َ ْ َ َ ْْ ُ َُ ٍ ِ ْ ‫ﱠ‬ َ
‫اﻟﺪﻧﻴﺎ‬ ‫ﻛﺮب‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬َ َْ ‫ﱡ‬ ِ ُ ْ
ِ،‫ﻧﻔﺲ‬َ ‫ﱠ‬ َ‫اﷲ‬‫اﻟﻘﻴﺎﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﻳﻮم‬ ‫ﻛﺮب‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻛﺮﺑﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﻨﻪ‬ِ ِ ِ
َ َ َ َ ْْ ِ ْ ْ َ ُ َِ ُ ًُ ْ،‫ﻋﲆ‬ ‫ﻳﴪ‬ ‫وﻣﻦ‬َ َ ْ ََ ‫ﱠ‬ َ َ
‫ﻣﻌﴪ‬ٍ ِ
ْ ُ،‫ﻳﴪ‬َ ‫ﱠ‬ َ‫اﷲ‬‫واﻵﺧﺮة‬ ‫اﻟﺪﻧﻴﺎ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻴﻪ‬ِ ِ ِ
َ َ ْْ َ َْ ‫ﱡ‬ ِ َ،‫ﺳﱰه‬ ‫ﻣﺴﻠﲈ‬ ‫ﺳﱰ‬ ‫وﻣﻦ‬ُ ْ ََ ََ ََ ْ ُ َ ًَ
ِ‫اﷲ‬‫اﻟﺪﻧﻴﺎ‬ ‫ﰲ‬َ ْ ‫ﱡ‬ ِ
‫واﻵﺧﺮة‬ِ ِ
َ ْ َ،ُ‫ﷲ‬‫وا‬َ‫ﰲ‬ ‫اﻟﻌﺒﺪ‬ ‫ﻛﺎن‬ ‫ﻣﺎ‬ ‫اﻟﻌﺒﺪ‬ ‫ﻋﻮن‬ ‫ﰲ‬ِ ُِ ْ َ ْ َ ْ َْ َْ َ َ
ِ ِ‫أﺧﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﻋﻮن‬ِ ِ َ ِ ْ َ،‫ﻃﺮﻳﻘﺎ‬ ‫ﺳﻠﻚ‬ ‫وﻣﻦ‬ً ِ َ َ َ َ َْ َ
‫ﺳﻬﻞ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﲈ‬ ‫ﻓﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﻳﻠﺘﻤﺲ‬َ ْ ْ‫ﱠ‬ َ ًَ
ِ ِ ِ ِ
ُ َ‫اﷲ‬‫اﳉﻨﺔ‬ ‫إﱃ‬ ‫ﻃﺮﻳﻘﺎ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﻟﻪ‬ِ ِ‫ﱠ‬ َْ َ ِ ً ِ َِ ُ َ«
)١(
.
‫اﻟﻨﻮوي‬‫ﻗﺎل‬‫رﲪﻪ‬‫اﷲ‬:)‫واﻟﻘﻮاﻋﺪ‬‫اﻟﻌﻠﻮم‬‫ﻣﻦ‬‫ﻷﻧﻮاع‬‫ﺟﺎﻣﻊ‬‫ﻋﻈﻴﻢ‬‫ﺣﺪﻳﺚ‬‫ﻫﻮ‬
‫واﻵداب‬...‫وﻣﻌﻨﻰ‬»‫اﻟﻜﺮﺑﺔ‬‫ﻧﻔﺲ‬َ َْ ُ َْ ‫ﱠ‬«:‫وﻓﻴﻪ‬،‫أزاﳍﺎ‬َ:‫ﺣﻮاﺋﺞ‬‫ﻗﻀﺎء‬‫ﻓﻀﻞ‬‫اﳌﺴﻠﻤﲔ‬،
‫ﻋﻠﻢ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺗﻴﴪ‬ ‫ﺑﲈ‬ ‫وﻧﻔﻌﻬﻢ‬ٍ‫ﻣﺎل‬ ‫أو‬ٍ‫ﻣﻌﺎوﻧﺔ‬ ‫أو‬ٍ‫إﺷﺎرة‬ ‫أو‬ٍ‫ﺑﻤﺼﻠﺤﺔ‬ٍ‫ﻧﺼﻴﺤﺔ‬ ‫أو‬ٍ
‫ذﻟﻚ‬ ‫وﻏﲑ‬(
)٢(
.
‫و‬‫اﻟﺴﻮء‬ ‫ﻣﻴﺘﺔ‬ ‫وﺗﴫف‬ ،‫اﳋﺎﲤﺔ‬ ‫ﲢﺴﻦ‬ ‫واﻹﺣﺴﺎن‬ ‫اﳌﻌﺮوف‬ ‫ﺑﺒﺬل‬ُ:
‫ﻓ‬‫ﺳﻠﻤﺔ‬ ‫أم‬ ‫ﻌﻦ‬‫ل‬‫ﻗﺎﻟﺖ‬:‫رﺳﻮل‬ ‫ﻗﺎل‬‫اﷲ‬r:»‫ﺗﻘﻲ‬ ‫اﳌﻌﺮوف‬ ‫ﺻﻨﺎﺋﻊ‬ِ ِ َِ َُ ْ ُ ََْ
‫اﻟﴪ‬ ‫وﺻﺪﻗﺔ‬ ،‫اﻟﺴﻮء‬ ‫ﻣﺼﺎرع‬‫ﱢ‬ ‫ﱢ‬ ‫ﱡ‬ َُ َ َ َ َ َ َ
ِ ِ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺗﺰﻳﺪ‬ ‫اﻟﺮﺣﻢ‬ ‫وﺻﻠﺔ‬ ،‫اﻟﺮب‬ ‫ﻏﻀﺐ‬ ‫ﺗﻄﻔﺊ‬ِ ُ َ ُِ ِ ِ ِ ِ
‫ﱠ‬ ‫ﱠ‬ ُُ َ َ ‫ﱢ‬ َ َ َ ْ
‫اﻟﻌﻤﺮ‬ِ ُ ُ ْ«
)٣(
.
‫ﱂ‬ ‫ﻓﺈذا‬ ‫وﺣﻮاﺋﺠﻬﻢ‬ ‫اﳌﺴﻠﻤﲔ‬ ‫ﺑﻤﺼﺎﻟﺢ‬ ‫ﻟﻘﻴﺎﻣﻪ‬ ‫اﻟﻌﺒﺪ‬ ‫ﻋﲆ‬ ‫ﻳﻨﻌﻢ‬ ‫ﺗﻌﺎﱃ‬ ‫واﷲ‬
‫ﺳﻠﺒﻪ‬ ‫ﲠﺎ‬ ‫ﻳﻘﻢ‬‫اﷲ‬‫اﻟﻨﻌﻢ‬ ‫ﻫﺬه‬.
)١(‫ﻣﺴﻠﻢ‬ ‫رواه‬)٢٦٩٩.(
)٢(‫ﻣﺴﻠﻢ‬ ‫ﻋﲆ‬ ‫اﻟﻨﻮوي‬ ‫ﴍح‬)١٧/٢١.(
)٣(‫اﻷوﺳﻂ‬‫ﰲ‬‫اﻟﻄﱪاﲏ‬‫رواه‬)٦/١٦٣(‫واﻟﱰﻫﻴﺐ‬‫اﻟﱰﻏﻴﺐ‬‫ﺻﺤﻴﺢ‬‫ﰲ‬‫اﻷﻟﺒﺎﲏ‬‫وﺣﺴﻨﻪ‬،)٨٩٠.(

 
‫ﻋﻤﺮ‬ ‫اﺑﻦ‬ ‫ﻓﻌﻦ‬‫ب‬‫ﻗﺎل‬:‫رﺳﻮل‬ ‫ﻗﺎل‬‫اﷲ‬r:»‫إن‬‫ﱠ‬ ِ‫ﷲ‬‫اﺧﺘﺼﻬﻢ‬ ‫ﻋﺒﺎدا‬ْ ُ ‫ﱠ‬ ً ‫ﱠ‬ ََ ْ
‫ﺑﺎﻟﻨﻌﻢ‬ِ َ ‫ﱢ‬ ِ‫اﻟﻌﺒﺎد‬ ‫ﳌﻨﺎﻓﻊ‬ِ ِ ِ ِ
َ ْ ِ َ َ،‫ﺑﺬﻟﻮﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﻣﺎ‬ ‫ﻓﻴﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻳﻘﺮﻫﻢ‬َ َ ُُ َ َ ْ ‫ﱡ‬ َُ
ِ ِ،‫ﻣﻨﻬﻢ‬ ‫ﻧﺰﻋﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻣﻨﻌﻮﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﻓﺈذا‬ْ َُ َْ َ َِ
َ َ َُ َ ِ َ،‫ﻓﺤﻮﳍﺎ‬ََ ‫ﱠ‬ َ َ
‫ﻏﲑﻫﻢ‬ ‫إﱃ‬ْ ْ
ِ ِ َ َ ِ«
)١(
.
‫ﻋﺒﺎس‬ ‫اﺑﻦ‬ ‫ﻗﺎل‬‫ب‬:)‫ﺧﻄﻮة‬ ‫ﺑﻜﻞ‬ ‫ﻓﻠﻪ‬ ‫ﻟﻴﻘﻀﻴﻪ‬ ‫أﺧﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﺤﻖ‬ ‫ﻣﺸﻰ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬
‫ﺻﺪﻗﺔ‬(
)٢(
.
‫ﻓﻀﻼ‬ ‫ﻷﻧﻔﺴﻬﻢ‬ ‫ﻳﺮون‬ ‫ﻻ‬ ‫اﻟﺴﻠﻒ‬ ‫وﻛﺎن‬ً‫ﻳﺮو‬ ‫ﺑﻞ‬ ،‫اﳊﺎﺟﺔ‬ ‫ﺻﺎﺣﺐ‬ ‫ﻋﲆ‬‫ن‬
‫ﻫﻮ‬ ‫اﳊﺎﺟﺔ‬ ‫ﺻﺎﺣﺐ‬ ‫ﻛﺄن‬ ‫ﺣﺘﻰ‬ ،‫ﲠﻢ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻘﻬﺎ‬ ‫اﻟﺬي‬ ‫اﳊﺎﺟﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﺼﺎﺣﺐ‬ ‫اﻟﻔﻀﻞ‬
‫إﻟﻴﻬﻢ‬ ‫اﳌﺤﺴﻦ‬:
‫ﻋﺒﺎس‬ ‫اﺑﻦ‬ ‫ﻗﺎل‬‫ب‬:)‫أﻛﺎﻓﺌﻬﻢ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ ‫ﺛﻼﺛﺔ‬:‫ورﺟﻞ‬ ،‫ﺑﺎﻟﺴﻼم‬ ‫ﺑﺪأﲏ‬ ‫رﺟﻞ‬
‫ﻓﺄﻣﺎ‬ ،‫ﻋﲇ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﺴﻠﻴﻢ‬ ‫إرادة‬ ‫إﱄ‬ ‫اﳌﴚ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﻗﺪﻣﺎه‬ ‫اﻏﱪت‬ ‫ورﺟﻞ‬ ،‫اﳌﺠﻠﺲ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﱄ‬ ‫وﺳﻊ‬‫ﱠ‬ ‫ﱠ‬ ‫ﱠ‬
‫إﻻ‬ ‫ﻋﻨﻲ‬ ‫ﻳﻜﺎﻓﺌﻪ‬ ‫ﻓﻼ‬ ‫اﻟﺮاﺑﻊ‬‫اﷲ‬‫ﻗﻴﻞ‬ ،:‫ﻫﻮ؟‬ ‫وﻣﻦ‬‫ﻗﺎل‬:‫ﻓﺒﺎت‬ ‫أﻣﺮ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﻧﺰل‬ ‫رﺟﻞ‬ٌ
‫ﰊ‬ ‫ﻓﺄﻧﺰﳍﺎ‬ ‫ﳊﺎﺟﺘﻪ‬ ‫أﻫﻼ‬ ‫رآﲏ‬ ‫ﺛﻢ‬ ،‫ﻳﻨﺰﻟﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﻤﻦ‬ ‫ﻳﻔﻜﺮ‬ ‫ﻟﻴﻠﺘﻪ‬ً(
)٣(
.
‫رﲪﻪ‬‫ﻋﻴﺎض‬‫ﺑﻦ‬‫اﻟﻔﻀﻴﻞ‬‫ﻋﻦ‬‫اﷲ‬‫ﻗﺎل‬:)‫ﺣﺎﺟﺔ‬‫ﰲ‬‫رﺟﻼ‬‫أﺗﻰ‬‫رﺟﻼ‬‫أن‬‫ذﻛﺮوا‬ً ً
‫ﻓﻘﺎل‬ ،‫ﻟﻪ‬:‫ﺟﺰاك‬ ،‫ﺑﺤﺎﺟﺘﻚ‬ ‫ﺧﺼﺼﺘﻨﻲ‬‫اﷲ‬‫ﻟﻪ‬ ‫وﺷﻜﺮ‬ ،‫ﺧﲑا‬ً!(
)١(‫اﻟﻄﱪاﲏ‬ ‫رواه‬)٥/٢٢٨(‫واﻟﱰﻫﻴﺐ‬ ‫اﻟﱰﻏﻴﺐ‬ ‫ﺻﺤﻴﺢ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫اﻷﻟﺒﺎﲏ‬ ‫وﺣﺴﻨﻪ‬ ،)٢٦١٧.(
)٢(‫أﺑ‬ ‫أﺧﺮﺟﻪ‬‫واﻟﺼﻠﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﱪ‬ ‫ﻛﺘﺎب‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫اﳌﺮوزي‬ ‫اﷲ‬ ‫ﻋﺒﺪ‬ ‫ﻮ‬)١٦٣.(
)٣(‫اﻟﺸﻌﺐ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫اﻟﺒﻴﻬﻘﻲ‬ ‫أﺧﺮﺟﻪ‬)٧/٤٣٦.(

 
‫اﻟﺒﻠﻴﻎ‬ ‫ﻋﻘﻴﻞ‬ ‫ﻷﰊ‬ ‫وﻗﻴﻞ‬:‫ﻋ‬ ‫اﳊﻜﻢ‬ ‫ﺑﻦ‬ ‫ﻣﺮوان‬ ‫رأﻳﺖ‬ ‫ﻛﻴﻒ‬‫اﳊﺎﺟﺔ‬ ‫ﻃﻠﺐ‬ ‫ﻨﺪ‬
‫ﻗﺎل‬ ‫إﻟﻴﻪ؟‬:)‫اﻟﺸﻜﺮ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫رﻏﺒﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﻓﻮق‬ ‫اﻹﻧﻌﺎم‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫رﻏﺒﺘﻪ‬ ‫رأﻳﺖ‬!‫ﻗﻀﺎء‬ ‫إﱃ‬ ‫وﺣﺎﺟﺘﻪ‬
‫اﳊﺎﺟﺔ‬ ‫ﺻﺎﺣﺐ‬ ‫ﺣﺎﺟﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫أﺷﺪ‬ ‫اﳊﺎﺟﺔ‬!.(
‫رﲪﻪ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﻴﻢ‬ ‫اﺑﻦ‬ ‫ﻳﻘﻮل‬‫اﷲ‬‫رﲪﻪ‬ ‫ﺗﻴﻤﻴﺔ‬ ‫اﺑﻦ‬ ‫وﺻﻒ‬ ‫ﰲ‬‫اﷲ‬:)‫ﺷﻴﺦ‬ ‫ﻛﺎن‬
‫اﻟﻨﺎس‬ ‫ﺣﻮاﺋﺞ‬ ‫ﻟﻘﻀﺎء‬ ‫ﺷﺪﻳﺪا‬ ‫ﺳﻌﻴﺎ‬ ‫ﻳﺴﻌﻰ‬ ‫اﻹﺳﻼم‬ً ً(.
‫ﻋ‬ ‫اﳍﻤﻢ‬ ‫ذوي‬ ‫ﻋﻨﺪ‬ ‫اﳌﺼﺎﺋﺐ‬ ‫وﻣﻦ‬‫ﺣﻮاﺋﺠﻬﻢ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﳍﻢ‬ ‫اﻟﻨﺎس‬ ‫ﻗﺼﺪ‬ ‫ﺪم‬.
‫ﺣﺰام‬ ‫ﺑﻦ‬ ‫ﺣﻜﻴﻢ‬ ‫ﻳﻘﻮل‬t:)‫وﻟﻴﺲ‬ ‫أﺻﺒﺤﺖ‬ ‫ﻣﺎ‬‫ﺑ‬‫ﺣﺎﺟﺔ‬ ‫ﺻﺎﺣﺐ‬ ‫ﺒﺎﰊ‬
‫اﳌﺼﺎﺋﺐ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫أﳖﺎ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻤﺖ‬ ‫إﻻ‬(
)١(
.
‫ﺗﱪم‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻋﻘﻮﺑﺔ‬‫ﻣﻦ‬‫ﺟﻌﻞ‬ ‫أن‬ ‫ﺑﻌﺪ‬ ‫اﻟﻨﺎس‬ ‫ﺣﺎﺟﺎت‬ ‫ﻗﻀﺎء‬‫اﷲ‬‫ﺣﻮاﺋﺠﻬﻢ‬
‫وإدارﺗﻪ‬ ‫إﻣﺮﺗﻪ‬ ‫ﲢﺖ‬ ‫أو‬ ‫ﺑﺴﺒﺒﻪ‬ ‫أو‬ ‫إﻟﻴﻪ‬!!
‫ذﻟﻚ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬:‫اﳌﺘﱪ‬ ‫ﻧﻌﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﺰوال‬ ‫ﻣﺒﲔ‬ ‫ﲢﺬﻳﺮ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺟﺎء‬ ‫ﻣﺎ‬‫ﻣﲔ‬:
‫ﻋﺒﺎس‬ ‫اﺑﻦ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬‫ب‬‫ﻗﺎل‬:‫رﺳﻮل‬ ‫ﻗﺎل‬‫اﷲ‬r:»‫أﻧﻌﻢ‬ ‫ﻋﺒﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻣﺎ‬َ َ ْ ٍ ِ‫اﷲ‬
‫ﻓ‬ ‫إﻟﻴﻪ‬ ‫اﻟﻨﺎس‬ ‫ﺣﻮاﺋﺞ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺟﻌﻞ‬ ‫ﺛﻢ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﻓﺄﺳﺒﻐﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻧﻌﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻴﻪ‬ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ
ْ ‫ﱠ‬ ْ ْ ََ َ َِ ِ ‫ﱠ‬ ِ َ َ ْ َ َ َ َ ُْ ًَ َ َ‫ﺘﱪم‬َ ّ َ،‫ﻋﺮض‬ ‫ﻓﻘﺪ‬َ ‫ﱠ‬ َ ْ َ َ
‫ﻟﻠﺰوال‬ ‫اﻟﻨﻌﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﻠﻚ‬‫ﱠ‬ ‫ﱢ‬ِ َِ َ ْ َ ْ«
)٢(
.
)١(‫اﻟﻨﺒﻼء‬ ‫أﻋﻼم‬ ‫ﺳﲑ‬)٣/٥١.(
)٢(‫اﻟﻄﱪاﲏ‬ ‫رواه‬)٧٥٢٩(‫واﻟﱰﻫﻴﺐ‬ ‫اﻟﱰﻏﻴﺐ‬ ‫ﺻﺤﻴﺢ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫اﻷﻟﺒﺎﲏ‬ ‫وﺣﺴﻨﻪ‬ ،)٢٦١٨.(

 
‫وﻣﻌﻨﻰ‬»‫ﻓ‬‫ﺘﱪم‬َ ّ َ«:‫اﻟﺼﺤﺎح‬ ‫ﳐﺘﺎر‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺟﺎء‬ ‫ﻛﲈ‬:‫ﺗ‬َ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﱪم‬ِ َ ‫ﱠ‬ َ:‫وأﻣﻠﻪ‬ ‫ﺳﺌﻤﻪ‬ ‫أي‬َ َ
‫وأﺿﺠﺮه‬
)١(
.
‫ﻫﻮ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﱪم‬ ‫إذا‬ً:‫اﻟﻨﻔﺲ‬ ‫وﺿﻴﻖ‬ ‫اﻟﻐﻢ‬ ‫وﺷﺪة‬ ‫واﻟﺘﻀﺠﺮ‬ ‫واﻟﺴﺄم‬ ‫اﻟﺘﺄﻓﻒ‬.
‫اﳊﺪﻳﺚ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﻫﻨﺎ‬ ‫اﳌﻘﺼﻮد‬ ‫اﳌﺘﱪم‬ ‫واﻟﺸﺨﺺ‬‫ﱢ‬:‫أن‬ ‫إﱃ‬ ‫أدت‬ ‫ﻧﻌﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﺻﺎﺣﺐ‬ ‫ﻛﻞ‬
،‫واﻟﻘﺎﴈ‬ ‫واﻷﻣﲑ‬ ‫واﳌﺮﰊ‬ ‫واﻟﺪاﻋﻴﺔ‬ ‫واﳌﻔﺘﻲ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﻟﻌﺎﱂ‬ ،‫ﺑﺴﺒﺒﻬﺎ‬ ‫إﻟﻴﻪ‬ ‫اﻟﻨﺎس‬ ‫ﻳﺆول‬
‫واﻟﻄﺒ‬‫واﳌﺴﺆول‬‫ﳑﻦ‬‫اﳌﺠﺘﻤﻊ‬‫أﻓﺮاد‬‫ﻣﻦ‬‫وﻧﺤﻮﻫﻢ‬،‫واﻟﻐﻨﻲ‬‫واﻟﺘﺎﺟﺮ‬‫واﳌﺤﺎﻣﻲ‬‫ﻴﺐ‬
‫أﻧﻌﻢ‬‫اﷲ‬‫أو‬ ،‫اﳌﺠﺘﻤﻊ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺳﻠﻄﺔ‬ ‫أو‬ ‫اﻟﻨﺎس‬ ‫ﺑﲔ‬ ‫ﻣﻜﺎﻧﺔ‬ ‫ﳍﻢ‬ ‫ﺟﻌﻠﺖ‬ ‫ﺑﻨﻌﻢ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻴﻬﻢ‬
‫اﻟﻨﺎس‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻟﻐﲑﻫﻢ‬ ‫ﻣﺘﻌﺪ‬ ‫ﻧﻔﻊ‬ ‫ﻓﻴﻬﺎ‬ٍ.
‫ﺻﺎرت‬ ‫أن‬ ‫ﺑﻌﺪ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﳋﻠﻖ‬ ‫ذرﻋﺎ‬ ‫وﺿﺎﻗﻮا‬ ،‫وﺗﺄﻓﻔﻮا‬ ‫ﺗﺬﻣﺮوا‬ ‫إذا‬ ‫ﻫﺆﻻء‬ ‫ﻣﺜﻞ‬ ‫ﻓﺈن‬ً
‫ﻋﻠﻴﻬﻢ‬ ‫وﺗﻜﱪوا‬ ،‫إﻟﻴﻬﻢ‬ ‫اﻟﻨﺎس‬ ‫ﺣﺎﺟﺔ‬‫وﺗﻀﺠﺮوا‬ ‫ذﻟﻚ‬ ‫وﺳﺌﻤﻮا‬ ‫ﻋﻨﻬﻢ‬ ‫وأﻋﺮﺿﻮا‬
‫ﻫﺬا‬ ‫ﻟﺰوال‬ ‫ﻣﻌﺮﺿﻮن‬ ‫ﻓﺈﳖﻢ‬ ،‫اﻟﻨﻔﺲ‬ ‫وﺿﻴﻖ‬ ‫اﻟﻐﻢ‬ ‫ذﻟﻚ‬ ‫ﺑﺴﺒﺐ‬ ‫وأﺻﺎﲠﻢ‬ ،‫ﻣﻨﻪ‬ّ
‫اﻟﺴﺎﺑﻖ‬ ‫اﳊﺪﻳﺚ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﻛﲈ‬ ‫ﻋﻨﻬﻢ‬ ‫اﻟﻔﻀﻞ‬.
‫ﻗﻮل‬ ‫ﻋﻤﻮم‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﻳﺪﺧﻞ‬ ‫اﳌﺘﻘﺪﻣﺔ‬ ‫اﻷﺣﺎدﻳﺚ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫اﻟﻮارد‬ ‫واﻟﺘﺤﺬﻳﺮ‬‫اﷲ‬‫ﺗﻌﺎﱃ‬:
!10/.-,+*)('&%$#"
32]‫ا‬‫ﻷﻧﻔﺎل‬:٥٣[‫وﻗ‬ ،‫ﺟﻼﻟﻪ‬ ‫ﺟﻞ‬ ‫ﻮﻟﻪ‬:¢¡~}|
¶µ´³²±°¯®¬«ª©¨ §¦¥¤£
¸]‫اﻟﺮﻋﺪ‬:١١[.
)١(‫اﻟﺼﺤﺎح‬ ‫ﳐﺘﺎر‬)١/٢٧.(

 
‫اﻟﺒﻐﻮي‬ ‫ﻗﺎل‬‫رﲪﻪ‬‫اﷲ‬‫اﻷوﱃ‬ ‫اﻵﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﻔﺴﲑ‬ ‫ﰲ‬:)‫أن‬ ‫أراد‬‫اﷲ‬‫ﻣﺎ‬ ‫ﻳﻐﲑ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ ‫ﺗﻌﺎﱃ‬
‫ﻓﻌﻠﻮا‬ ‫ﻓﺈذا‬ ،‫اﻟﺸﻜﺮ‬ ‫وﺗﺮك‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﻜﻔﺮان‬ ‫ﲠﻢ‬ ‫ﻣﺎ‬ ‫ﻫﻢ‬ ‫ﻳﻐﲑوا‬ ‫ﺣﺘﻰ‬ ‫ﻗﻮم‬ ‫ﻋﲆ‬ ‫أﻧﻌﻢ‬
‫ﻏﲑ‬ ‫ذﻟﻚ‬ّ‫اﷲ‬‫ﲠﻢ‬ ‫ﻣﺎ‬‫اﻟﻨﻌﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﺴﻠﺒﻬﻢ‬(
)١(
.
‫ﺗﻌﺎﱃ‬ ‫وﻗﺎل‬:ÐÏÎÍÌËÊÉÈ
]‫ﳏﻤﺪ‬:٣٨.[
‫رﲪﻪ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﺮﻃﺒﻲ‬ ‫ﻗﺎل‬‫اﷲ‬:)‫وﻻﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻪ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﻧﺖ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﳉﻤﻴﻊ‬ ‫وﺗﻨﺒﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﲣﻮﻳﻒ‬ ‫اﻵﻳﺔ‬ ‫وﰲ‬
‫ﻳﻨﺼﺢ‬ ‫وﻻ‬ ‫ﺑﻌﻠﻤﻪ‬ ‫ﻳﻌﻤﻞ‬ ‫ﻓﻼ‬ ‫ﻋﺎﳌﺎ‬ ‫ﻛﺎن‬ ‫أو‬ ‫رﻋﻴﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﻳﻌﺪل‬ ‫ﻓﻼ‬ ،‫ورﻳﺎﺳﺔ‬ ‫وإﻣﺎرة‬ً
‫وﻛﺎن‬ ‫ﺑﻐﲑه‬ ‫وﻳﺄﰐ‬ ‫ﻳﺬﻫﺒﻪ‬ ‫أن‬ ،‫اﻟﻨﺎس‬‫اﷲ‬‫ذﻟﻚ‬ ‫ﻋﲆ‬‫ﻗﺪﻳﺮا‬ً(
)٢(
.
‫أﻧﻌﻢ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻟﻜﻞ‬ ‫وﲢﺬﻳﺮ‬ ‫ﺗﺬﻛﺮة‬ ‫ﺑﺮواﻳﺎﺗﻪ‬ ‫اﳊﺪﻳﺚ‬ ‫ﻫﺬا‬ ‫إن‬‫اﷲ‬‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫وأوﻻه‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻴﻪ‬
‫ﻣﺎ‬ ،‫اﳌﻌﻨﻮﻳﺔ‬ ‫أو‬ ‫اﳌﺎدﻳﺔ‬ ‫اﳌﻜﺎﻧﺔ‬،‫ﻏﲑه‬ ‫ﺣﻮاﺋﺞ‬ ‫ﻟﻘﻀﺎء‬ ‫ﺳﺒﺒﺎ‬ ‫ﺟﻌﻠﻪ‬‫ﻛﲈ‬ ‫ﲠﺎ‬ ‫ﻳﻘﻢ‬ ‫ﱂ‬ ‫ﺛﻢ‬
‫ﳛﺐ‬‫اﷲ‬‫وﻳﺮﴇ‬.
‫أﻣﻮر‬ ‫ﻋﺪة‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﳚﺐ‬ ‫ﻓﺈﻧﻪ‬ ‫ﻟﺬا‬:
‫أوﻻ‬ً:‫اﻟﻨﻌﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﻫﺬه‬ ‫ﺑﺄن‬ ‫ﻳﻌﻠﻢ‬ ‫أن‬‫و‬ ،‫اﳌﻨﺼﺐ‬،‫واﻟﻌﻠﻢ‬،‫وا‬‫ﺑﻮأه‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻲ‬ ‫ﳌﻜﺎﻧﺔ‬‫اﷲ‬
‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫اﺑﺘﻼء‬ ،‫إﻳﺎﻫﺎ‬‫اﷲ‬U‫واﻣﺘﺤﺎن‬ ‫اﺑﺘﻼء‬ ‫دار‬ ‫اﻟﺪﻧﻴﺎ‬ ‫ﻷن‬ ‫ﻳﺼﻨﻊ؛‬ ‫ﻣﺎذا‬ ‫ﻟﲑى‬.‫ﻗﺎل‬
U:ÅÄÃÂÁÀ¿¾½¼» º
)١(‫اﻟﺒﻐﻮي‬ ‫ﺗﻔﺴﲑ‬)٣/٣٦٨.(
)٢(‫ﺗﻔﺴﲑ‬‫اﻟﻘﺮﻃﺒﻲ‬)٥/٤٠٩.(

 
ËÊÉÈÇÆ]‫اﻹﻧﺴﺎن‬:٢-٣[‫ﻣﺎ‬ ‫ﻳﺆدي‬ ‫أن‬ ‫ﻓﺈﻣﺎ‬
‫وﳚﺤﺪ‬ ‫ﻳﻜﻔﺮ‬ ‫أن‬ ‫أو‬ ‫اﻟﺸﻜﺮ‬ ‫واﺟﺐ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻴﻪ‬.
‫ﺛﺎﻧﻴﺎ‬ً:‫اﳌ‬ ‫أن‬‫ﺮء‬‫ﻗﻠﻴﻞ‬ ‫ﻓﺈﻧﻪ‬ ‫وارﺗﻔﻊ‬ ‫ﻋﻼ‬ ‫ﻣﻬﲈ‬ٌ‫ﺗﱪﻣﻪ‬ ‫وأن‬ ،‫ﺑﺈﺧﻮاﻧﻪ‬ ‫ﻛﺜﲑ‬ ،‫ﺑﻨﻔﺴﻪ‬‫ﱡ‬ َ َ ٌ
‫ﴐره‬ ‫ﳜﻔﻰ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ ‫ﻣﺎ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺼﺪور‬ ‫وإﻳﻐﺎر‬ ‫ﻟﻸواﴏ‬ ‫ﺗﺸﺘﻴﺖ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻓﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﳎﺘﻤﻌﻪ‬ ‫أﻓﺮاد‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬
‫ﺑﺘﻌﺮﺿﻪ‬ ‫واﻟﻌﻜﴘ‬ ‫اﻟﺴﻴﺊ‬ ‫اﻷﺛﺮ‬ ‫ذﻟﻚ‬ ‫اﻟﻮﻗﺖ‬ ‫ﻧﻔﺲ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﻟﻪ‬ ‫ﻓﺈن‬ ،‫واﻵﺟﻞ‬ ‫اﻟﻌﺎﺟﻞ‬
‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫اﻷﻋﺪاء‬ ‫ﺷﲈﺗﺔ‬ ‫وﺑﺎﻟﺘﺎﱄ‬ ،‫ﻋﻨﻪ‬ ‫اﻟﻨﻌﻤﺔ‬ ‫زوال‬ ‫ﳋﻄﺮ‬.
‫ﺛﺎﻟﺜﺎ‬ً:‫ﻋﲆ‬ ‫اﻟﻌﺮض‬ ‫ﻳﻮم‬ ‫اﻷﺟﺮ‬ ‫اﺣﺘﺴﺎب‬‫ا‬‫ﷲ‬:
‫اﻟﻨﺒﻲ‬ ‫ﺣﺬرﻧﺎ‬ ‫ﻓﻜﲈ‬r‫ﺣﻮاﺋﺞ‬ ‫ﻗﻀﺎء‬ ‫ﻓﻀﻞ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫رﻏﺒﻨﺎ‬ ‫ﻓﻘﺪ‬ ،‫اﻟﻨﻌﻤﺔ‬ ‫زوال‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬َ ّ
‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻣﺴﻠﻢ‬ ‫ﺻﺤﻴﺢ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺛﺒﺖ‬ ‫ﻛﲈ‬ ،‫أﺟﻠﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫واﻟﺴﻌﻲ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ‬ ‫واﻟﻮﻗﻮف‬ ‫اﻟﻨﺎس‬
‫ﻫﺮﻳﺮة‬ ‫أﰊ‬ ‫ﻃﺮﻳﻖ‬َt‫ﻗﺎل‬:‫رﺳﻮل‬ ‫ﻗﺎل‬‫اﷲ‬r:»‫ﻛﺮﺑﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﺆﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬ ‫ﻧﻔﺲ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ً َ ْ َ َ ْْ ُ َُ ٍ ِ ْ ‫ﱠ‬ َ
‫ﻧﻔﺲ‬ ‫اﻟﺪﻧﻴﺎ‬ ‫ﻛﺮب‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬َ ْ‫ﱠ‬ َ َْ َ‫ﱡ‬ ِ ُ ِ‫اﷲ‬‫ﻛﺮ‬ ‫ﻋﻨﻪ‬ْ ُ ُ َْ‫ﻋﲆ‬ ‫ﻳﴪ‬ ‫وﻣﻦ‬ ،‫اﻟﻘﻴﺎﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﻳﻮم‬ ‫ﻛﺮب‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺑﺔ‬َ َ ْ َ ْ ْ ََ ‫ﱠ‬ َ َ َ َ َ َ
ِ ِ ِْ ِ ِ ُ ً
‫ﻳﴪ‬ ‫ﻣﻌﴪ‬َ ‫ﱠ‬ َ ٍُ ِ
ْ‫اﷲ‬‫ﺳﱰه‬ ‫ﻣﺴﻠﲈ‬ ‫ﺳﱰ‬ ‫وﻣﻦ‬ ،‫واﻵﺧﺮة‬ ‫اﻟﺪﻧﻴﺎ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻴﻪ‬ُ ْ َ َ ََ ََ ََ ْ ُ َ َ َ َ ًْ ِ ِ ِ ِْ ‫ﱡ‬ ِ َ‫اﷲ‬‫اﻟﺪﻧﻴﺎ‬ ‫ﰲ‬َ ْ ‫ﱡ‬ ِ
‫و‬ ،‫واﻵﺧﺮة‬َ َ
ِ ِ
َُ‫ﷲ‬‫ا‬‫أﺧﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﻋﻮن‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫اﻟﻌﺒﺪ‬ ‫ﻛﺎن‬ ‫ﻣﺎ‬ ‫اﻟﻌﺒﺪ‬ ‫ﻋﻮن‬ ‫ﰲ‬ِ ِ َِ ِ ِْ َ ْ َ ْ َ ْ َِ ُِ ْ َْ َ َ«
)١(
.
‫رﺟ‬ ‫اﻟﻮرى‬ ‫ﺑﲔ‬ ‫ﻣﺎ‬ ‫اﻟﻨﺎس‬ ‫وأﻓﻀﻞ‬‫ـ‬‫ﻞ‬ٌ
‫ﺗﻘﻀ‬ُ‫ـ‬‫ﻟﻠﻨ‬ ‫ﻳﺪه‬ ‫ﻋﲆ‬ ‫ﻰ‬ِ‫ـ‬‫ﺣﺎﺟ‬ ‫ﺎس‬‫ــ‬‫ﺎت‬ُ
‫اﳌﻌ‬ ‫ﻳﺪ‬ ‫ﲤﻨﻌﻦ‬ ‫ﻻ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫أﺣ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬ ‫ﺮوف‬‫ـــ‬‫ﺪ‬ٍ
‫ﻣﻘﺘ‬ ‫دﻣﺖ‬ ‫ﻣﺎ‬‫ـ‬‫ﺗ‬ ‫ﻓﺎﻟﺴﻌﺪ‬ ‫ﺪرا‬ً‫ــــ‬‫ﺎرات‬ُ
)١(‫ﻣﺴﻠﻢ‬ ‫رواه‬)٢٦٩٩.(

 
‫ﺻﻨﻊ‬ ‫ﻓﻀﺎﺋﻞ‬ ‫واﺷﻜﺮ‬‫اﷲ‬‫ﺟﻌﻠﺖ‬ ‫إذا‬
‫اﻟﻨ‬ ‫ﻋﻨﺪ‬ ‫ﻟﻚ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ ‫إﻟﻴﻚ‬‫ــــ‬‫ﺣﺎﺟﺎت‬ ‫ﺎس‬ُ
‫ﻣﻜ‬ ‫ﻣﺎﺗﺖ‬ ‫وﻣﺎ‬ ‫ﻗﻮم‬ ‫ﻣﺎت‬ ‫ﻗﺪ‬‫ـ‬‫ﺎرﻣﻬﻢ‬
‫ﻗ‬ ‫وﻋﺎش‬‫ــ‬‫اﻟﻨ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫وﻫﻢ‬ ‫ﻮم‬‫أﻣﻮات‬ ‫ﺎس‬ُ
‫ﻧﻌﻢ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻣﻠﻠﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫أﴐ‬ ‫اﻟﻌﺒﺪ‬ ‫ﻋﲆ‬ ‫وﻟﻴﺲ‬‫اﷲ‬.‫ﻳﺸﻜﺮه‬ ‫وﻻ‬ ‫ﻧﻌﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﻳﺮاﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ ‫ﻓﺈﻧﻪ‬
‫ﻣﺼﻴﺒﺔ‬ ‫وﻳﻌﺪﻫﺎ‬ ‫وﻳﺸﻜﻮﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﻳﺴﺨﻄﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺑﻞ‬ ،‫ﲠﺎ‬ ‫ﻳﻔﺮح‬ ‫وﻻ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ‬.‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫وﻫﻲ‬ ‫ﻫﺬا‬
‫ﻧﻌﻢ‬ ‫أﻋﻈﻢ‬‫اﷲ‬‫ﻧﻌﻢ‬ ‫أﻋﺪاء‬ ‫اﻟﻨﺎس‬ ‫ﻓﺄﻛﺜﺮ‬ ،‫ﻋﻠﻴﻪ‬‫اﷲ‬‫ﻣﺎ‬ ‫ﺑﺄن‬ ‫ﻳﺸﻌﺮون‬ ‫وﻻ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻴﻬﻢ‬
‫ﻓﺘﺢ‬‫اﷲ‬‫ﻧﻌﻤ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻴﻬﻢ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬‫ﺔ‬‫دﻓﻌ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﳎﺘﻬﺪون‬ ‫وﻫﻢ‬ ،‫وﻇﻠﲈ‬ ‫ﺟﻬﻼ‬ ‫وردﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﻬﺎ‬ً.‫ﻓﻜﻢ‬
‫وﻫﻮ‬ ‫إﻟﻴﻪ‬ ‫وﺻﻠﺖ‬ ‫وﻛﻢ‬ ،‫ﺑﺠﻬﺪه‬ ‫ردﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺳﺎع‬ ‫وﻫﻮ‬ ‫ﻧﻌﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫أﺣﺪﻫﻢ‬ ‫إﱃ‬ ‫ﺳﻌﺖ‬
،‫اﻟﻌﺒﺪ‬ ‫ﻧﻔﺲ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫أﻋﺪى‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻨﻌﻢ‬ ‫ﻓﻠﻴﺲ‬ ،‫وﺟﻬﻠﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﻈﻠﻤﻪ‬ ‫وزواﳍﺎ‬ ‫دﻓﻌﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺳﺎع‬
‫ﻧﻔﺴﻪ‬ ‫ﻋﲆ‬ ‫ﻇﻬﲑ‬ ‫ﻋﺪوه‬ ‫ﻣﻊ‬ ‫ﻓﻬﻮ‬.،‫ﻓﻴﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻳﻨﻔﺦ‬ ‫وﻫﻮ‬ ‫ﻧﻌﻤﻪ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫اﻟﻨﺎر‬ ‫ﻳﻄﺮح‬ ‫ﻓﻌﺪوه‬
‫أﻋﺎﻧﻪ‬ ‫ﺛﻢ‬ ‫اﻟﻨﺎر‬ ‫ﻃﺮح‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻣﻜﻨﻪ‬ ‫اﻟﺬي‬ ‫ﻓﻬﻮ‬‫اﺳﺘﻐﺎث‬ ‫ﴐاﻣﻬﺎ‬ ‫اﺷﺘﺪ‬ ‫ﻓﺈذا‬ ،‫ﺑﺎﻟﻨﻔﺦ‬
‫اﻷﻗﺪار‬ ‫ﻣﻌﺎﺗﺒﺔ‬ ‫ﻏﺎﻳﺘﻪ‬ ‫وﻛﺎن‬ ،‫اﳊﺮﻳﻖ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬:
‫ﻟﻔﺮﺻﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﻀﻴﺎع‬ ‫اﻟﺮأي‬ ‫وﻋﺎﺟﺰ‬‫اﻟﻘﺪر‬ ‫ﻋﺎﺗﺐ‬ ‫أﻣﺮ‬ ‫ﻓﺎت‬ ‫إذا‬ ‫ﺣﺘﻰ‬
)١(
‫ﺑﻌﺪ‬ ‫اﳊﻮر‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﷲ‬ ‫ﻧﻌﻮذ‬ِ ْ َ‫اﻟﻜ‬‫اﻟﺰﻳﺎدة‬ ‫ﺑﻌﺪ‬ ‫اﻟﻨﻘﺼﺎن‬ ‫وﻣﻦ‬ ،‫ﻮر‬ْ.
)١(‫ﻋﻴﻮن‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﻛﲈ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺮﻳﺎﳾ‬ ‫ﻏﲑه‬ ‫وﻧﺴﺒﻪ‬ ،‫اﻟﻔﺮاﻫﻴﺪي‬ ‫أﲪﺪ‬ ‫ﺑﻦ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺨﻠﻴﻞ‬ ‫وﻧﺴﺒﻪ‬ ،‫ﻟﻠﺜﻌﺎﻟﺒﻲ‬ ‫اﳌﻨﺘﺤﻞ‬
‫ﻗﺘﻴﺒﺔ‬ ‫اﻷﺧﺒﺎرﻻﺑﻦ‬)١/١٤.(

 
‫ﺑﺘﻘﻮى‬‫اﻷوان؛‬‫ﻓﻮات‬‫ﻗﺒﻞ‬‫اﻟﻨﻌﻢ‬‫ﻓﻠﻨﺘﺪارك‬‫اﷲ‬‫و‬‫اﻟﻌﻤﻞ‬‫وﺣﺴﻦ‬،‫اﳋﻠﻖ‬‫ﻣﺮاﻋﺎة‬
‫ﺣﻖ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻘﺼﲑ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻓﺎت‬ ‫ﻣﺎ‬ ‫واﺳﺘﺪراك‬‫اﷲ‬،‫واﻹﺧﻮان‬ ‫واﻷﻫﻞ‬ ‫اﻟﻨﺎس‬ ‫وﺣﻖ‬
‫اﻟﻜﱪﻳﺎء‬ ‫ﺑﺮداء‬ ‫اﻛﺘﺴﺖ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻲ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﻨﻔﺲ‬ ‫واﻻﻏﱰار‬ ‫ﻋﻨﻬﻢ‬ ‫اﻹﻋﺮاض‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫واﳊﺬر‬،
‫اﻟﻘﺪﳼ‬ ‫اﳊﺪﻳﺚ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺟﺎء‬ ‫ﻛﲈ‬ ‫اﻟﻌﻈﻴﻢ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺨﺎﻟﻖ‬ ‫إﻻ‬ ‫ﻳﻨﺒﻐﻲ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ ‫اﻟﺬي‬:‫ﻗﺎل‬‫اﷲ‬
‫ﺗﻌﺎﱃ‬:»‫واﻟﻌﻈﻤﺔ‬ ‫رداﺋﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻜﱪﻳﺎء‬ُ ََ ُ َْ َ َ َ
ِ ِِ ِ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﻗﺬﻓﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﻨﻬﲈ‬ ‫واﺣﺪا‬ ‫ﻧﺎزﻋﻨﻲ‬ ‫ﻓﻤﻦ‬ ‫إزاري‬ِ ُ ُ َ ُْ ً َْ َ َ ََ َْ ِ ِ ِ َ َ َِ ِ
‫اﻟﻨﺎر‬ِ ‫ﱠ‬«
)١(
.
،‫اﻟﺜﺎﲏ‬ ‫ﻓﺎﺣﺬر‬ ،‫واﳍﺒﻮط‬ ‫اﻟﺼﻌﻮد‬ ‫ﺑﲔ‬ ‫وﻓﺮق‬ ،‫اﳌﺤﺎل‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫اﳊﺎل‬ ‫دوام‬ ‫إن‬
‫ﻟﻠﻌﺒﻴﺪ‬ ‫ﺑﻈﻼم‬ ‫رﺑﻚ‬ ‫وﻣﺎ‬ ‫ﻳﺪاك‬ ‫اﻗﱰﻓﺖ‬ ‫ﺑﲈ‬ ‫إﻻ‬ ‫ﻳﻜﻮن‬ ‫ﻓﲈ‬.
‫ﺗﻌﺎﱃ‬ ‫ﻗﺎل‬:ÏÖÕÔ ÓÒÑÐ
Ø×]‫اﻟﺸﻮرى‬:٣٠.[
‫ﻳﻘﻮﻟ‬ ‫واﻟﻌﺮب‬‫ﻮن‬:)‫ﻋﻠﻴﻚ‬ ‫وﻳﻮم‬ ‫ﻟﻚ‬ ‫ﻳﻮم‬ ‫ﻳﻮﻣﺎن‬ ‫اﻟﺪﻫﺮ‬(‫ﻓﻤﻌﻨﺎﻫﺎ‬:‫ﻫﺬا‬ ‫أن‬
‫ﺳﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫إذ‬ ،‫ﻣﻨﻪ‬ ‫ﻻﺑﺪ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻐﲑ‬‫اﷲ‬‫وﺗﲑة‬ ‫ﻋﲆ‬ ‫اﳊﻴﺎة‬ ‫ﺗﺴﺘﻤﺮ‬ ‫أن‬ ‫ﻳﻤﻜﻦ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ ‫أﻧﻪ‬
‫واﺣﺪة‬.
‫واﻧﺘﺒﺎﻫﺘﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻋﲔ‬ ‫ﻏﻔﻮة‬ ‫ﺑﲔ‬ ‫ﻣﺎ‬‫ﻳﻐﲑ‬‫اﷲ‬‫ﺣـﺎل‬ ‫إﱃ‬ ‫ﺣﺎل‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬
‫اﻵﺧﺮ‬ ‫وﻗﺎل‬:
‫ﺿ‬ ‫ﺛﻢ‬ ‫ﺣﺎﻟﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺪﻫﺮ‬ ‫ﻫﻜﺬا‬‫ــ‬‫ﺪ‬‫ﳊ‬ ‫ﻣﺎ‬‫ـ‬‫اﻟﺰﻣ‬ ‫ﻣﻊ‬ ‫ﺎل‬‫ـ‬‫ﺑﻘ‬ ‫ﺎن‬‫ــ‬‫ﺎء‬
)١(‫داود‬ ‫أﺑﻮ‬ ‫رواه‬)٤٠٩٠(‫اﻟﺼﺤﻴﺤﺔ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫اﻷﻟﺒﺎﲏ‬ ‫وﺻﺤﺤﻪ‬)٥٤١(.

 
‫ﻓﺎدع‬‫اﷲ‬‫اﻷﺣﺴﻦ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫اﳊﺎل‬ ‫وﲢﻮل‬ ،‫اﻟﻘﻀﺎء‬ ‫ﺳﻮء‬ ‫ﻋﻨﻚ‬ ‫ﻳﴫف‬ ‫أن‬ ‫ﺗﻌﺎﱃ‬ّ
‫ﻋﻤﺮ‬ ‫اﺑﻦ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬ ‫اﳌﻔﺮد‬ ‫اﻷدب‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺟﺎء‬ ‫ﻣﺎ‬ ‫اﻟﺴﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺛﺒﺖ‬ ‫ﳑﺎ‬ ‫ﻓﺈن‬ ‫اﻷﺳﻮأ؛‬ ‫إﱃ‬‫ب‬
‫ﻗﺎل‬:‫رﺳﻮل‬ ‫دﻋﺎء‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻛﺎن‬‫اﷲ‬r:»،‫ﻧﻌﻤﺘﻚ‬ ‫زوال‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺑﻚ‬ ‫أﻋﻮذ‬ ‫إﲏ‬ ‫اﻟﻠﻬﻢ‬َ َِ ِ ِ
َ ‫ﱠ‬ْ َ ْ ُِ َ ِ ُ َ ‫ﱢ‬ ِ ُ ‫ﱠ‬
‫ﺳﺨﻄﻚ‬ ‫وﲨﻴﻊ‬ ،‫ﻧﻘﻤﺘﻚ‬ ‫وﻓﺠﺎءة‬ ،‫ﻋﺎﻓﻴﺘﻚ‬ ‫وﲢﻮﻳﻞ‬َ َ َِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ َِ َ َ َِ َ َ َ َ َ َْ َ ُ ِ ِ ْ َ«
)١(
.
 
‫ﻳﺮﰊ‬‫اﷲ‬‫وﻳﻌﲇ‬ ،‫اﳌﺜﻮﺑﺎت‬ ‫ﻷﺻﺤﺎﲠﺎ‬ ‫وﻳﻀﺎﻋﻒ‬ ،‫اﻟﺼﺪﻗﺎت‬‫اﻟﺪرﺟﺎت‬..
‫ﺗﻈﺎﻓﺮت‬ ‫وﻋﻠﻴﻪ‬ ‫اﻟﻨﺼﻮص‬ ‫ﺗﻮاﺗﺮت‬ ‫ﲠﺬا‬.
‫اﻵﻳﺎ‬ ‫ﻓﻤﻦ‬‫اﻟﺼﺪﻗ‬ ‫أن‬ ‫ﻋﲆ‬ ‫اﻟﺪاﻟﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻜﺮﻳﲈت‬ ‫ت‬‫وﻋﻨﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﻀﺎﻋﻔﺔ‬ ‫أﺿﻌﺎف‬ ‫ﺔ‬
‫اﷲ‬‫ﻣﺰﻳ‬‫ﺪ‬:
‫ﻗ‬‫ﺗﻌﺎﱃ‬ ‫ﻮﻟﻪ‬:ÏÖÕÔÓÒÑÐ
ÚÙØ×]‫اﳊﺪﻳﺪ‬:١٨.[
‫و‬‫ﺗﻌﺎﱃ‬ ‫ﻗﻮﻟﻪ‬:¾ ½ ¼ » º ¹ ¸ ¶ µ ´
ÅÄÃÂÁÀ¿]‫اﻟﺒﻘﺮة‬:٢٤٥.[
‫رﲪﻪ‬ ‫اﳉﻮزي‬ ‫اﺑﻦ‬ ‫ﻗﺎل‬‫اﷲ‬‫ﺗﺴﻤﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﺒﻴﻨﺎ‬ً‫اﷲ‬‫ﻗﺮﺿﺎ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺼﺪﻗﺔ‬ً:)‫ﺳﲈه‬‫اﷲ‬
‫ﻣﺴﺘﺤﻖ‬ ‫واﻟﻌﻮض‬ ‫إﻻ‬ ‫ﻗﺮﺿﺎ‬ ‫ﻳﻜﻮن‬ ‫ﻻ‬ ‫إذ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ؛‬ ‫اﻟﺜﻮاب‬ ‫ﻻﺳﺘﺤﻘﺎق‬ ‫ﺗﺄﻛﻴﺪا‬ ‫ﻗﺮﺿﺎ‬ً ً ً
‫ﺑﻪ‬(
)٢(
.
)١(‫ﻣﺴﻠﻢ‬ ‫رواه‬)٢٧٣٩.(
)٢(‫اﳌﺴﲑ‬ ‫زاد‬)١/٢٩٠.(

 
-‫ﺗﻌﺎﱃ‬ ‫وﻗﻮﻟﻪ‬:VUTSRQPON
`_^][ZYXWfedcba
]‫اﻟﺒﻘﺮة‬:٢٦١.[
 
‫أﰊ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬َ‫اﻷﻧﲈري‬ ‫ﻛﺒﺸﺔ‬t‫رﺳﻮل‬ ‫ﺳﻤﻊ‬ ‫أﻧﻪ‬‫اﷲ‬r‫ﻳﻘﻮل‬:»‫أﻗﺴﻢ‬ ‫ﺛﻼﺛﺔ‬ُ
ِ ْ ٌ َ َُ َ
‫ﻗﺎل‬ ‫ﻓﺎﺣﻔﻈﻮه‬ ‫ﺣﺪﻳﺜﺎ‬ ‫وأﺣﺪﺛﻜﻢ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻴﻬﻦ‬َ َ ً ُُ ْ َ َ َ ‫ﱠ‬ َُ َ َ ِ
ْ ُْ ‫ﱢ‬ ُ ِ َ:‫وﻻ‬ ‫ﺻﺪﻗﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻋﺒﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﺎل‬ ‫ﻧﻘﺺ‬ ‫ﻣﺎ‬َ َ َ ْ ْ َ َ
ٍ ِ ٍَ ََ ُ َ ََ
‫زاده‬ ‫إﻻ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻓﺼﱪ‬ ‫ﻣﻈﻠﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﺒﺪ‬ ‫ﻇﻠﻢ‬ُ َ َ َ َ ْ ََ ‫ﱠ‬ ِ َ ْ َ َ ََ ََ َ ً ْ ٌُ ِ‫اﷲ‬‫ﻋﺰا‬ً ّ،‫ﺑ‬ ‫ﻋﺒﺪ‬ ‫ﻓﺘﺢ‬ ‫وﻻ‬َ ْ َ َ ٌَ َ َ َ‫إﻻ‬ ‫ﻣﺴﺄﻟﺔ‬ ‫ﺎب‬‫ﱠ‬ ِ ٍ َ َ ْ َ َ
‫ﻓﺘﺢ‬َ َ َ‫اﷲ‬‫ﻓﻘﺮ‬ ‫ﺑﺎب‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻴﻪ‬ٍ ْ َ َ َ َ
ِ
ْ َ-‫ﻧﺤﻮﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﻛﻠﻤﺔ‬ ‫أو‬َ ْ َْ ً َ
ِ َ َ-«
)١(
.
‫ﻫﺮﻳﺮة‬ ‫أﰊ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬t‫ﻗﺎل‬:‫رﺳﻮل‬ ‫ﻗﺎل‬‫اﷲ‬r:»‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺑﺼﺪﻗﺔ‬ ‫أﺣﺪ‬ ‫ﺗﺼﺪق‬ ‫ﻣﺎ‬ْ َ َ َ
ِ ٍ َ ََ ٌ ‫ﱠ‬ َِ َ َ
‫ﻳﻘﺒﻞ‬ ‫وﻻ‬ ‫ﻃﻴﺐ‬ُ َ َْ َ ‫ﱢ‬َ ٍ َ‫اﷲ‬‫وإن‬ ‫ﺑﻴﻤﻴﻨﻪ‬ ‫اﻟﺮﲪﻦ‬ ‫أﺧﺬﻫﺎ‬ ‫إﻻ‬ ‫اﻟﻄﻴﺐ‬ ‫إﻻ‬ْ ِ ِ َِ ُ َ َ
ِ ِ ِ
َ ‫ﱠ‬ ‫ﱢ‬ِ َ ْ َ َ َ ‫ﱠ‬ ‫ﱠ‬‫ﱠ‬‫ﻓﱰﺑﻮ‬ ‫ﲤﺮة‬ ‫ﻛﺎﻧﺖ‬ُ ْ َ ًَ َْ َ ْ َ َ
‫ﻓﺼﻴﻠﻪ‬‫أو‬‫ﻓﻠﻮه‬‫أﺣﺪﻛﻢ‬‫ﻳﺮﰊ‬‫ﻛﲈ‬‫اﳉﺒﻞ‬‫ﻣﻦ‬‫أﻋﻈﻢ‬‫ﺗﻜﻮن‬‫ﺣﺘﻰ‬‫اﻟﺮﲪﻦ‬‫ﻛﻒ‬‫ﰲ‬ُ ْ ُ ‫ﱠ‬ َ ‫ﱢ‬ َ ْ ْ ََ ُِ َِ ََ َ َْ َ ُ َ ‫ﱠ‬ُ َ َُ َ ‫ﱠ‬َ ِ َْ َ َ ُ ‫ﱢ‬ِ َ ْ ِ«
)٢(
.
 
‫ﻗﻮﻟﻪ‬ ‫ﻟﺬﻟﻚ‬ ‫وﻳﺪل‬r:»‫ﻣﺮﺿ‬ ‫داووا‬ْ َ ُ َ‫ﺑﺎﻟﺼﺪﻗﺔ‬ ‫ﺎﻛﻢ‬ِ َ َ ‫ﱠ‬ ِ ْ ُ«
)٣(
.
)١(‫اﻟﱰﻣﺬي‬ ‫رواه‬)٢٣٢٥(‫اﻟﱰﻫﻴﺐ‬ ‫اﻟﱰﻏﻴﺐ‬ ‫ﺻﺤﻴﺢ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫اﻷﻟﺒﺎﲏ‬ ‫ﺻﺤﺤﻪ‬ ،)١٦.(
)٢(‫ﻣﺴﻠﻢ‬ ‫رواه‬)١٠١٤.(
)٣(‫اﻟﺒﻴﻬﻘﻲ‬ ‫رواه‬)٢/١٩٣(‫اﳉﺎﻣﻊ‬ ‫ﺻﺤﻴﺢ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫اﻷﻟﺒﺎﲏ‬ ‫وﺣﺴﻨﻪ‬ ،)٣٣٥٨.(

 
‫ﺗﻘﺮ‬ ‫وﳌﺎ‬‫ﱠ‬‫ﺳﺄل‬ ‫ﺳﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻗﺮﻳﺒﺎ‬ ‫اﳌﺴﺘﺪرك‬ ‫ﺻﺎﺣﺐ‬ ‫اﳊﺎﻛﻢ‬ ‫ﻋﺒﺪاﷲ‬ ‫أﰊ‬ ‫وﺟﻪ‬ ‫ح‬ً
‫ﺳﻘﺎﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﻮﺿﻊ‬ ‫اﳌﺴﻠﻤﲔ‬ ‫ﻋﲆ‬ ‫ﺗﺼﺪق‬ ‫ﺛﻢ‬ ،‫ذﻟﻚ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻓﺄﻛﺜﺮوا‬ ‫ﻟﻪ‬ ‫اﻟﺪﻋﺎء‬ ‫اﳋﲑ‬ ‫أﻫﻞ‬
‫أﺳﺒﻮع‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﺮ‬ ‫ﻓﲈ‬ ،‫اﻟﻨﺎس‬ ‫ﻣﻨﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻓﴩب‬ ‫اﳌﺎء‬ ‫ﻓﻴﻬﺎ‬ ‫وﺻﺐ‬ ‫داره‬ ‫ﺑﺎب‬ ‫ﻋﲆ‬ ‫ﺑﻨﻴﺖ‬
‫وأﻇﻬﺮ‬ ‫إﻻ‬‫اﷲ‬‫وﺟﻬﻪ‬ ‫وﻋﺎد‬ ‫اﻟﻘﺮوح‬ ‫ﺗﻠﻚ‬ ‫وزاﻟﺖ‬ ‫ﺷﻔﺎءه‬‫ﻛﺎن‬ ‫ﻣﺎ‬ ‫أﺣﺴﻦ‬ ‫إﱃ‬.
‫اﳌﻨﺎوي‬ ‫ﻗﺎل‬ ‫ﻛﲈ‬ ‫واﻷﻣﺮ‬‫رﲪﻪ‬‫اﷲ‬:)‫اﻟﺘﺪاوي‬ ‫أي‬ ‫ـ‬ ‫ذﻟﻚ‬ ‫ﺟﺮب‬ ‫وﻗﺪ‬‫ﱢ‬ ُ
‫ﺑﺎﻟﺼﺪﻗﺔ‬-،‫اﳊﺴﻴﺔ‬ ‫اﻷدوﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﻔﻌﻠﻪ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ ‫ﻣﺎ‬ ‫ﺗﻔﻌﻞ‬ ‫اﻟﺮوﺣﺎﻧﻴﺔ‬ ‫اﻷدوﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻮﺟﺪوا‬
‫ﺣﺠﺎﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﻛﺜﻒ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫إﻻ‬ ‫ذﻟﻚ‬ ‫ﻳﻨﻜﺮ‬ ‫وﻻ‬
)١(
‫ﺑﻌﺾ‬ ‫إن‬ ‫ﺑﻞ‬ ‫ﻓﺤﺴﺐ؛‬ ‫ﻫﺬا‬ ‫وﻟﻴﺲ‬
‫اﻵﻓﺎت‬ ‫ﺻﺎﺣﺒﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬ ‫ﺗﺪﻓﻊ‬ ‫اﻟﺼﺪﻗﺔ‬ ‫أن‬ ‫ﻳﺮون‬ ‫ﻛﺎﻧﻮا‬ ‫اﻟﺴﻠﻒ‬‫وﻟﻮ‬ ‫واﻟﺸﺪاﺋﺪ‬
‫اﻟﻨﺨﻌﻲ‬ ‫إﺑﺮاﻫﻴﻢ‬ ‫ﻗﺎل‬ ،‫ﻇﺎﳌﺎ‬ ‫ﻛﺎن‬ً:)‫أن‬ ‫ﻳﺮون‬ ‫ﻛﺎﻧﻮا‬‫اﻟﺮﺟﻞ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬ ‫ﺗﺪﻓﻊ‬ ‫اﻟﺼﺪﻗﺔ‬َ ْ َ
‫اﻟﻈﻠﻮم‬(
)٢(
.
 
‫ﺷﻬﺮي‬ ‫ﺑﻤﺮﺗﺐ‬ ‫وﻇﻴﻔﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﲆ‬ ‫ﺣﺼﻞ‬ ‫ﻣﻴﻜﺎﻧﻴﻜﻲ‬ ‫ﻣﻬﻨﺪس‬ ‫ﺳﺎرة‬ ‫أﺑﻮ‬٩‫آﻻ‬‫ف‬
‫اﻟﺮاﺗﺐ‬ ‫أن‬ ‫ﻻﺣﻆ‬ ‫ﻣﻠﻚ‬ ‫ﺑﻴﺖ‬ ‫وﻟﺪﻳﻪ‬ ‫ﻋﺎﱄ‬ ‫راﺗﺒﻪ‬ ‫أن‬ ‫رﻏﻢ‬ ‫وﻟﻜﻨﻪ‬ ،‫رﻳﺎل‬‫ﻳﺬﻫﺐ‬
‫ﻛﻴﻒ‬ ‫ﻳﻌﻠﻢ‬ ‫وﻻ‬ ‫ﺑﴪﻋﺔ‬.
)١(‫اﻟﻘﺪﻳﺮ‬ ‫ﻓﻴﺾ‬)٣/٦٨٧.(
)٢(‫اﻹﻳﲈن‬ ‫ﺷﻌﺐ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫اﻟﺒﻴﻬﻘﻲ‬ ‫رواه‬)٣٥٥٩.(

 
‫ﻳﻘﻮل‬:‫ﺳﺒﺤﺎن‬‫اﷲ‬‫أﻗﻮل‬ ‫ﺷﻬﺮ‬ ‫وﻛﻞ‬ ،‫اﻟﺮاﺗﺐ‬ ‫ﻫﺬا‬ ‫ﻳﺬﻫﺐ‬ ‫أﻳﻦ‬ ‫أدري‬ ‫ﻻ‬ ‫واﷲ‬
‫اﻷﺻﺪﻗﺎء‬ ‫أﺣﺪ‬ ‫ﻧﺼﺤﻨﻲ‬ ‫أن‬ ‫إﱃ‬ ،‫ﻳﺬﻫﺐ‬ ‫أﻧﻪ‬ ‫واﻛﺘﺸﻒ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻮﻓﲑ‬ ‫ﺳﺄﺑﺪأ‬ ‫اﻵن‬
،‫ﻟﻠﺼﺪﻗﺔ‬ ‫راﺗﺒﻲ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺑﺴﻴﻂ‬ ‫ﻣﺒﻠﻎ‬ ‫ﺑﺘﺨﺼﻴﺺ‬‫ﻣﺒﻠﻎ‬ ‫ﺧﺼﺼﺖ‬ ‫وﺑﺎﻟﻔﻌﻞ‬٥٠٠
‫ﻟﻠﺼﺪﻗﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺮاﺗﺐ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫رﻳﺎل‬،‫ﺑﻘﻲ‬ ‫ﺷﻬﺮ‬ ‫أول‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫واﷲ‬٢٠٠٠‫أن‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﺮﻏﻢ‬ ‫رﻳﺎل‬
،‫ﺗﺘﻐﲑ‬ ‫ﱂ‬ ‫ﻧﻔﺴﻬﺎ‬ ‫واﳌﺼﺎرﻳﻒ‬ ‫اﻟﻔﻮاﺗﲑ‬‫ﻛﺜﲑا‬ ‫ﻓﺮﺣﺖ‬ً‫اﻟﺘﺨﺼﻴﺺ‬ ‫ﺳﺄزﻳﺪ‬ ‫وﻗﻠﺖ‬
‫ﻣﻦ‬٥٠٠‫إﱃ‬٩٠٠‫ﺧﱪ‬ ‫أﺗﺎﲏ‬ ‫أﺷﻬﺮ‬ ‫ﲬﺴﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﴤ‬ ‫وﺑﻌﺪ‬ ‫رﻳﺎل‬‫ﺑﺄﻧﻪ‬‫زﻳﺎدة‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻢ‬ ‫ﺳﻮف‬
‫واﳊﻤﺪ‬ ‫راﺗﺒﻲ‬‫ﷲ‬‫أﻻﺣﻆ‬ ‫اﻟﺼﺪﻗﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﺒﻔﻀﻞ‬ ،‫ﺷﻜﺮه‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬ ‫ﻋﺎﺟﺰ‬ ‫رﰊ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻓﻀﻞ‬ ‫ﻫﺬا‬
‫أﻣﻮري‬ ‫وﲨﻴﻊ‬ ‫وأﻫﲇ‬ ‫ﻣﺎﱄ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫اﻟﱪﻛﺔ‬‫و‬،‫ﺟﺮﺑﻮ‬‫وأﻛﺜﺮ‬ ‫ﻟﻜﻢ‬ ‫أﻗﻮل‬ ‫ﻣﺎ‬ ‫ﻓﺴﺘﺠﺪون‬ ‫ا‬.
‫رﺳﻮل‬ ‫وﺻﺪق‬ ‫ﺗﻨﻘﴤ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ ‫اﻟﺼﺪﻗﺔ‬ ‫وﻋﺠﺎﺋﺐ‬‫اﷲ‬r‫ﻳﻘﻮل‬ ‫إذ‬:»‫ﻧﻘﺺ‬ ‫ﻣﺎ‬َ َ َ َ
‫ﺻﺪﻗﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻋﺒﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﺎل‬ٍ ِ ٍَ َ َ ْ ْ َ ُ َ«
)١(
‫اﳊﴘ‬ ‫ﻧﻘﺼﻪ‬ ‫ﳚﱪ‬ ‫ﺑﲈ‬ ‫ﻓﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﻟﻪ‬ ‫ﻳﺒﺎرك‬ ‫ﺑﻞ‬.
 
‫ﻣﺴﻌﻮد‬ ‫اﺑﻦ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬t‫اﻟﻨﺒﻲ‬ ‫أن‬r‫ﻗﺎل‬:»‫ﻣ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻣﺎ‬ُ َْ
ِ‫ﻣﺴﻠﲈ‬ ‫ﻳﻘﺮض‬ ‫ﺴﻠﻢ‬ً
ِ ِ
ْ ُ ُ ُْ ِ ْ ٍ
‫ﻗﺮﺿ‬ْ َ‫ﻣﺮة‬ ‫ﻛﺼﺪﻗﺘﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻛﺎن‬ ‫إﻻ‬ ‫ﻣﺮﺗﲔ‬ ‫ﺎ‬‫ﱠ‬ َ ْ ‫ﱠ‬ ََ
ِ َ َ ََ َ ََ ‫ﱠ‬ ِ ِ«
)٢(
.
‫ﺣﺬﻳﻔﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬t‫ﻗﺎل‬:‫رﺳﻮل‬ ‫ﻗﺎل‬‫اﷲ‬r:»‫رﺟﻞ‬ ‫روح‬ ‫اﳌﻼﺋﻜﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﻠﻘﺖ‬ٍ َُْ ََ ُ ُ ‫ﱠ‬َ ِ َ ْ ََ
‫ﻓﻘﺎﻟﻮا‬ ‫ﻗﺒﻠﻜﻢ‬ ‫ﻛﺎن‬ ‫ﳑﻦ‬ُ ََ ََ ْ ُ ْ َْ َ ‫ﱠ‬ ِ:‫ﺷﻴﺌﺎ‬ ‫اﳋﲑ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫أﻋﻤﻠﺖ‬ً َْ َْ ِ َْ ْ َ
ِ ِْ َ‫؟‬‫ﻗﺎل‬َ َ:‫ﻻ‬َ،‫ﻗﺎﻟﻮا‬ُ َ:‫ﺗﺬﻛﺮ‬ْ ‫ﱠ‬ َ َ،‫ﻗﺎل‬َ َ:
)١(‫اﻟﱰﻣﺬي‬ ‫رواه‬)٢٣٢٥(،‫اﻟﱰﻏﻴﺐ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫اﻷﻟﺒﺎﲏ‬ ‫وﺻﺤﺤﻪ‬)٨٥٨.(
)٢(‫ﻣﺎﺟﻪ‬ ‫اﺑﻦ‬ ‫رواه‬)٢٤٣٠(‫واﻟﱰﻫﻴﺐ‬ ‫اﻟﱰﻏﻴﺐ‬ ‫ﺻﺤﻴﺢ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫اﻷﻟﺒﺎﲏ‬ ‫ﺻﺤﺤﻪ‬)٩٠١.(

 
‫أدا‬ ‫ﻛﻨﺖ‬َ ُ ُ ْ ُ‫اﳌﻮﴎ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬ ‫وﻳﺘﺠﻮزوا‬ ‫اﳌﻌﴪ‬ ‫ﻳﻨﻈﺮوا‬ ‫أن‬ ‫ﻓﺘﻴﺎﲏ‬ ‫ﻓﺂﻣﺮ‬ ‫اﻟﻨﺎس‬ ‫ﻳﻦ‬ِ ِ ِ ِ ُِْ ُْْ َ ‫ﱠ‬ َ َ ْ َ ُُ َ ْ ْ ‫ﱠ‬َ ُ ُ َ ُ َُ ْ َ ِ َ ِ،‫ﻗﺎل‬َ َ:
‫ﻗﺎل‬َ َ‫اﷲ‬‫وﺟﻞ‬ ‫ﻋﺰ‬‫ﱠ‬ َ َ َ‫ﱠ‬:‫ﻋﻨﻪ‬ ‫ﲡﻮزوا‬ُ َ ‫ﱠ‬ْ ُ َ َ«
)١(
.
 
‫ﻋﻤﺮو‬ ‫ﺑﻦ‬ ‫ﻋﺒﺪاﷲ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬‫ب‬‫رﺟﻼ‬ ‫أن‬ً‫اﻟﻨﺒﻲ‬ ‫ﺳﺄل‬r‫أي‬‫ﱡ‬‫اﻹﺳﻼم‬
‫ﻗﺎل‬ ‫ﺧﲑ؟‬:»‫اﻟﻄﻌﺎم‬ ‫ﺗﻄﻌﻢ‬َ َُ ‫ﱠ‬ ِْ ُ،‫وﺗ‬َ َ‫ﺗﻌﺮف‬ ‫ﱂ‬ ‫وﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻋﺮﻓﺖ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻋﲆ‬ ‫اﻟﺴﻼم‬ ‫ﻘﺮأ‬ْ َ َِ ْ ْ َ َ ْ َْ َ َ َ َ َ ‫ﱠ‬ َْ َ َ ُ ْ«
)٢(
.
‫ﺳﻼم‬ ‫ﺑﻦ‬ ‫ﻋﺒﺪاﷲ‬ ‫وﻋﻦ‬t‫ﻗﺎل‬:‫رﺳﻮل‬ ‫ﻗﺪم‬ ‫ﳌﺎ‬‫اﷲ‬r‫اﻧﺠﻔﻞ‬ ‫اﳌﺪﻳﻨﺔ‬
]‫أﴎﻋﻮا‬ ‫أي‬[‫إﻟﻴﻪ‬ ‫اﻟﻨﺎس‬،‫وﻗﻴﻞ‬:‫رﺳﻮل‬ ‫ﻗﺪم‬‫اﷲ‬r،‫رﺳﻮل‬ ‫ﻗﺪم‬‫اﷲ‬r،
‫رﺳﻮل‬ ‫ﻗﺪم‬‫اﷲ‬r،‫إﻟﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﻷﻧﻈﺮ‬ ‫اﻟﻨﺎس‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﻓﺠﺌﺖ‬،‫اﺳﺘﺒ‬ ‫ﻓﻠﲈ‬‫ﻨ‬‫رﺳﻮل‬ ‫وﺟﻪ‬ ‫ﺖ‬
‫ا‬‫ﷲ‬r‫ﻗﺎل‬ ‫أن‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺗﻜﻠﻢ‬ ‫ﳾء‬ ‫أول‬ ‫وﻛﺎن‬ ‫ﻛﺬاب‬ ‫ﺑﻮﺟﻪ‬ ‫ﻟﻴﺲ‬ ‫وﺟﻬﻪ‬ ‫أن‬ ‫ﻋﺮﻓﺖ‬:
»‫ﺗﺪﺧﻠﻮا‬ ‫ﻧﻴﺎم‬ ‫واﻟﻨﺎس‬ ‫وﺻﻠﻮا‬ ‫اﻟﻄﻌﺎم‬ ‫وأﻃﻌﻤﻮا‬ ‫اﻟﺴﻼم‬ ‫أﻓﺸﻮا‬ ‫اﻟﻨﺎس‬ ‫أﳞﺎ‬ُ ‫ﱡ‬ُ ْ َ ‫ﱠ‬ ‫ﱠ‬ٌ َ َ ُ َ ‫ﱠ‬
ِ ِ
ُ َ َ َ َ َ ُ‫ﱠ‬ ْ َ َ ََ ُ ْ َ ‫ﱡ‬
‫ﺑﺴﻼم‬ ‫اﳉﻨﺔ‬ٍ َ َ ِ َ ‫ﱠ‬ َْ«
)٣(
.
‫ﻣﻮﺳﻰ‬ ‫أﰊ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬t‫ﻗﺎل‬:‫رﺳﻮل‬ ‫ﻗﺎل‬‫اﷲ‬r:»‫ﻳﻌﻨﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻌﺎﲏ‬ ‫ﻓﻜﻮا‬ِ
ْ ََ َ ِ ْ ‫ﱡ‬ ُ‫اﻷﺳﲑ‬َ
ِ َ ْ
‫اﳌﺮﻳﺾ‬ ‫وﻋﻮدوا‬ ‫اﳉﺎﺋﻊ‬ ‫وأﻃﻌﻤﻮا‬َ ِ َْ َُْ ُ َ َ َ
ِ ِ
ُ ْ َ«
)٤(
.
)١(‫ﻣﺴﻠﻢ‬ ‫رواه‬)١٥٦٠.(
)٢(‫اﻟﺒﺨﺎري‬ ‫رواه‬)١٢(‫وﻣﺴﻠﻢ‬)٣٩.(
)٣(‫اﻟﱰﻣﺬي‬ ‫رواه‬)٢٤٨٥(‫اﻟﱰﻏﻴﺐ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫اﻷﻟﺒﺎﲏ‬ ‫ﺻﺤﺤﻪ‬)٩٤٩.(
)٤(‫اﻟﺒﺨﺎري‬ ‫رواه‬)٢٨٨١.(

 
‫وﻋﻨﻪ‬t‫ﻗﺎل‬:‫اﻟﻨﺒﻲ‬ ‫ﻗﺎل‬r:»‫أو‬ ‫اﻟﻐﺰو‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫أرﻣﻠﻮا‬ ‫إذا‬ ‫اﻷﺷﻌﺮﻳﲔ‬ ‫إن‬ْ ََ َِ ْ َ ْ ُِ َ ْ ‫ﱢ‬َ ِ َِ ِ ْ َ ْ ‫ﱠ‬
‫اﻗﺘﺴﻤﻮه‬ ‫ﺛﻢ‬ ‫واﺣﺪ‬ ‫ﺛﻮب‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﻋﻨﺪﻫﻢ‬ ‫ﻛﺎن‬ ‫ﻣﺎ‬ ‫ﲨﻌﻮا‬ ‫ﺑﺎﳌﺪﻳﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﻴﺎﳍﻢ‬ ‫ﻃﻌﺎم‬ ‫ﻗﻞ‬ُ َ ْ ُ ُ َُ َ ‫ﱠ‬ ْ َ ْ َ َُ َ ْ َْ ُ َ ٍَ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِِ ٍِ ِ َ َ َ َ َْ ِ َ ‫ﱠ‬
‫ﻣﻨﻬﻢ‬ ‫وأﻧﺎ‬ ‫ﻣﻨﻲ‬ ‫ﻓﻬﻢ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﺴﻮﻳﺔ‬ ‫واﺣﺪ‬ ‫إﻧﺎء‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺑﻴﻨﻬﻢ‬ُ ُ ُْ ‫ﱢ‬ َِ ِ ِ ٍ ِ ٍَ ََ َ َ َْ ‫ﱠ‬ ‫ﱠ‬ ْ َْ ِ ِ ِ ِ«
)١(
.
‫ﻗﻮﻟﻪ‬:»‫أرﻣﻠﻮا‬‫إذا‬َ ْ َ َ ِ«‫أي‬:‫ﺑﺎﻟﺮﻣﻞ‬‫ﻟﺼﻘﻮا‬‫ﻛﺄﳖﻢ‬‫اﻟﺮﻣﻞ‬‫ﻣﻦ‬‫وأﺻﻠﻪ‬،‫زادﻫﻢ‬‫ﻓﻨﻲ‬
‫اﳊﺪﻳﺚ‬ ‫وﰲ‬ ،‫اﻟﻘﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬:‫واﳌﻮاﺳﺎة‬ ‫اﻹﻳﺜﺎر‬ ‫ﻓﻀﻴﻠﺔ‬،‫ﰲ‬ ‫اﻟﺰاد‬ ‫ﺧﻠﻂ‬ ‫واﺳﺘﺤﺒﺎب‬
‫أﻳﻀﺎ‬ ‫اﻹﻗﺎﻣﺔ‬ ‫وﰲ‬ ‫اﻟﺴﻔﺮ‬.‫واﷲ‬‫أﻋﻠﻢ‬
)٢(
.
 
‫ﺗﻌﺎﱃ‬ ‫ﻗﺎل‬:po nmlkjihg
srq]‫اﻟﻨﺴﺎء‬:٣٦.[
‫ﳏﻤﺪ‬ ‫اﻟﻨﺒﻲ‬ ‫ﻣﻊ‬ ‫اﳉﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫اﻟﻴﺘﻴﻢ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﻓﻞ‬r:
‫ﺳﻌﺪ‬ ‫ﺑﻦ‬ ‫ﺳﻬﻞ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬t‫اﻟﻨﺒﻲ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬r‫ﻗﺎل‬:»‫اﳉﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫اﻟﻴﺘﻴﻢ‬ ‫وﻛﺎﻓﻞ‬ ‫أﻧﺎ‬ِ ِ ِ‫ﱠ‬ َْ ِ ِ َ ْ ُ َ َ َ َ
‫ﻫﻜﺬا‬َ َ َ«.‫وﻗﺎل‬:‫واﻟﻮﺳﻄﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﺴﺒﺎﺑﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﺈﺻﺒﻌﻴﻪ‬
)٣(
.
‫ﻗﺎل‬‫ﺑﻄﺎل‬ ‫اﺑﻦ‬‫رﲪﻪ‬‫اﷲ‬:)‫ﺣﻖ‬‫ﻋﲆ‬‫ﻛﻞ‬‫ﻣﺆﻣﻦ‬‫ﻳﺴﻤﻊ‬‫ﻫﺬا‬‫اﳊﺪﻳﺚ‬‫أن‬‫ﻳﺮﻏﺐ‬
‫ﰲ‬‫اﻟﻌﻤﻞ‬‫ﺑﻪ‬‫ﻟﻴﻜﻮن‬‫ﰲ‬‫اﳉﻨﺔ‬‫رﻓﻴﻘﺎ‬ً‫ﻟﻠﻨﺒﻲ‬u‫وﳉﲈﻋﺔ‬‫اﻟﻨﺒﻴﲔ‬‫واﳌﺮﺳﻠﲔ‬(
)٤(
.
)١(‫رواه‬‫اﻟﺒﺨﺎري‬)٢٣٥٤.(
)٢(‫اﻟﺒﺎري‬ ‫ﻓﺘﺢ‬ ‫اﻧﻈﺮ‬)٥/١٣٠.(
)٣(‫اﻟﺒﺨﺎري‬ ‫رواه‬)٤٩٩٨.(
)٤(‫ﺑﻄﺎل‬ ‫ﻻﺑﻦ‬ ‫اﻟﺒﺨﺎري‬ ‫ﴍح‬)٩/٢١٧.(

 
‫وﻗﺪ‬‫أﺧﺬ‬‫اﷲ‬‫ﻗﺎل‬ ‫ﺣﻴﺚ‬ ‫اﻟﻴﺘﺎﻣﻰ‬ ‫إﱃ‬ ‫ﳛﺴﻨﻮا‬ ‫ﺑﺄن‬ ‫إﴎاﺋﻴﻞ‬ ‫ﺑﻨﻲ‬ ‫ﻋﲆ‬ ‫اﳌﻴﺜﺎق‬
‫ﺳﺒﺤﺎﻧﻪ‬:± ° ¯ ® ¬ « ª © ¨ §
¶µ´³²]‫اﻟﺒﻘﺮة‬:٨٣[،‫أﺣ‬ ‫وﻧﺤﻦ‬‫ﻖ‬
‫اﻟﻔﻀﻞ‬ ‫ﲠﺬا‬ ‫ﻣﻨﻬﻢ‬.
‫ﻓ‬،‫رأﺳﻪ‬ ‫وﻟﻴﻤﺴﺢ‬ ،‫اﻟﻴﺘﻴﻢ‬ ‫ﻓﻠﲑﺣﻢ‬ ،‫ﺣﺎﺟﺘﻪ‬ ‫وﻳﺪرك‬ ‫ﻗﻠﺒﻪ‬ ‫ﻳﻠﲔ‬ ‫أن‬ ‫أراد‬ ‫ﻤﻦ‬
‫ﻃﻌﺎﻣﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫وﻟﻴﻄﻌﻤﻪ‬.
‫ﻓ‬‫اﻟﺪرداء‬ ‫أﰊ‬ ‫ﻌﻦ‬t‫اﻟﻨﺒﻲ‬ ‫أﺗﻰ‬ ‫ﻗﺎل‬r‫ﻗﺎل‬ ‫ﻗﻠﺒﻪ‬ ‫ﻗﺴﻮة‬ ‫ﻳﺸﻜﻮ‬ ‫رﺟﻞ‬:
»‫ﻗﻠﺒﻚ‬ ‫ﻳﻠﲔ‬ ‫أن‬ ‫أﲢﺐ‬ُ َ،‫ﺣﺎﺟﺘﻚ‬ ‫وﺗﺪرك‬َ َ،‫وأﻃﻌﻤﻪ‬ ‫رأﺳﻪ‬ ‫واﻣﺴﺢ‬ ‫اﻟﻴﺘﻴﻢ‬ ‫ارﺣﻢ‬َ ِ
‫ﻃﻌﺎﻣﻚ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬،‫وﺗﺪرك‬ ‫ﻗﻠﺒﻚ‬ ‫ﻳﻠﲔ‬ُ ُ‫ﺣﺎﺟﺘﻚ‬«
)١(
.
‫اﻟﺴﻠﻒ‬ ‫أﺣﺪ‬ ‫ﻗﺎل‬) :‫ﻣﻜﺒﺎ‬ ‫أﻣﺮي‬ ‫ﺑﺪاﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﰲ‬‫ﻛﻨﺖ‬ً،‫اﳋﻤﺮ‬ ‫وﴍب‬ ،‫اﳌﻌﺎﴆ‬‫ﻋﲆ‬
‫ﻳﻮﻣﺎ‬ ‫ﻓﻈﻔﺮت‬ً،‫وﻛﺴﻮﺗﻪ‬ ،‫وأﻃﻌﻤﺘﻪ‬ ،‫إﻟﻴﻪ‬ ‫وأﺣﺴﻨﺖ‬ ‫ﻓﺄﺧﺬﺗﻪ‬ ،‫ﻓﻘﲑ‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻴﻢ‬ ‫ﺑﺼﺒﻲ‬
‫ﻓ‬ ،‫أﻛﺜﺮ‬ ‫ﺑﻞ‬ ‫وﻟﺪه‬ ‫اﻟﺮﺟﻞ‬ ‫ﻳﻜﺮم‬ ‫ﻛﲈ‬ ‫وأﻛﺮﻣﺘﻪ‬ ،‫ﺷﻌﺜﻪ‬ ‫وأزﻟﺖ‬ ،‫اﳊﲈم‬ ‫وأدﺧﻠﺘﻪ‬َ‫ﺒ‬ِ‫ﺖ‬‫ﱡ‬
‫اﻟﻘﻴﺎﻣﺔ‬‫أن‬ ‫اﻟﻨﻮم‬‫ﰲ‬‫ﻓﺮأﻳﺖ‬ ،‫ذﻟﻚ‬‫ﺑﻌﺪ‬ ‫ﻟﻴﻠﺔ‬‫وأﻣﺮ‬،‫اﳊﺴﺎب‬ ‫إﱃ‬ ‫ودﻋﻴﺖ‬،‫ﻗﺎﻣﺖ‬‫ﻗﺪ‬ُ
‫ﰊ‬ ‫ﻟﻴﻤﻀﻮا‬ ‫اﻟﺰﺑﺎﻧﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﺴﺤﺒﺘﻨﻲ‬ ،‫اﳌﻌﺎﴆ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﻛﻨﺖ‬ ‫ﻣﺎ‬ ‫ﻟﺴﻮء‬ ‫اﻟﻨﺎر‬ ‫إﱃ‬ ‫ﰊ‬
‫ﺳﺤﺒﺎ‬ ‫ﳚﺮوﻧﻨﻲ‬ ‫ذﻟﻴﻞ‬ ‫ﺣﻘﲑ‬ ‫أﻳﺪﳞﻢ‬ ‫ﺑﲔ‬ ‫وأﻧﺎ‬ ،‫اﻟﻨﺎر‬ ‫إﱃ‬ً‫ﺑﺬﻟﻚ‬ ‫وإذا‬ ،‫اﻟﻨﺎر‬ ‫إﱃ‬
‫وﻗﺎل‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﻄﺮﻳﻖ‬ ‫اﻋﱰﺿﻨﻲ‬ ‫ﻗﺪ‬ ‫اﻟﻴﺘﻴﻢ‬:‫ﻟﻪ‬ ‫أﺷﻔﻊ‬ ‫ﺣﺘﻰ‬ ‫رﰊ‬ ‫ﻣﻼﺋﻜﺔ‬ ‫ﻳﺎ‬ ‫ﻋﻨﻪ‬ ‫ﺧﻠﻮا‬
‫ﻓﺈﻧﻪ‬ ،‫رﰊ‬ ‫إﱃ‬‫اﳌﻼﺋﻜﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻘﺎﻟﺖ‬ ،‫وأﻛﺮﻣﻨﻲ‬ ‫إﱄ‬ ‫أﺣﺴﻦ‬ ‫ﻗﺪ‬ّ:،‫ﺑﺬﻟﻚ‬ ‫ﻧﺆﻣﺮ‬ ‫ﱂ‬ ‫إﻧﺎ‬
)١(‫ﻋﺒﺪاﻟﺮزاق‬‫ﻣﺼﻨﻒ‬‫اﻧﻈﺮ‬)١١/٩٧(‫واﻟﱰﻫﻴﺐ‬‫اﻟﱰﻏﻴﺐ‬‫ﺻﺤﻴﺢ‬‫ﰲ‬‫اﻷﻟﺒﺎﲏ‬‫وﺣﺴﻨﻪ‬،)٢٥٤٤.(

 
‫ﻗﺒﻞ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫اﻟﻨﺪاء‬ ‫وإذا‬‫اﷲ‬‫ﻳﻘﻮل‬ ‫ﺗﻌﺎﱃ‬:‫ﻣﻨﻪ‬ ‫ﻛﺎن‬ ‫ﻣﺎ‬ ‫ﻟﻪ‬ ‫وﻫﺒﺖ‬ ‫ﻓﻘﺪ‬ ‫ﻋﻨﻪ‬ ‫ﺧﻠﻮا‬
‫إﻟﻴﻪ‬ ‫وإﺣﺴﺎﻧﻪ‬ ‫اﻟﻴﺘﻴﻢ‬ ‫ﺑﺸﻔﺎﻋﺔ‬.‫إﱃ‬ ‫وﺗﺒﺖ‬ ‫ﻓﺎﺳﺘﻴﻘﻈﺖ‬ ‫ﻗﺎل‬‫اﷲ‬U‫وﺑﺬﻟﺖ‬ ،
‫اﻷﻳﺘﺎم‬ ‫إﱃ‬ ‫اﻟﺮﲪﺔ‬ ‫إﻳﺼﺎل‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺟﻬﺪي‬(
)١(
.
 
‫ﻋ‬‫ﻫﺮﻳﺮة‬ ‫أﰊ‬ ‫ﻦ‬t‫ﻗﺎل‬:‫اﻟﻨﺒﻲ‬ ‫ﻗﺎل‬r:»‫واﳌﺴﻜﲔ‬ ‫اﻷرﻣﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﲆ‬ ‫اﻟﺴﺎﻋﻲ‬ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ
ْ َ ْ ‫ﱠ‬ْ َ ََ َ ْ َ
‫ﺳﺒﻴﻞ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﳌﺠﺎﻫﺪ‬ِ ُِْ َ ِ ِ ِ
َ َ‫اﷲ‬‫اﻟﻨﻬﺎر‬ ‫اﻟﺼﺎﺋﻢ‬ ‫اﻟﻠﻴﻞ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﺎﺋﻢ‬ ‫أو‬َ َْ ‫ﱠ‬ ِ ِِ ِ
‫ﱠ‬ َْ ‫ﱠ‬ َْ َ«
)٢(
.
‫ﻗﻮﻟﻪ‬ُ ُْ َ:»‫اﻷرﻣﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﲆ‬ ‫اﻟﺴﺎﻋﻲ‬ِ َِ َ ْ ‫ﱠ‬َ ْ َ َ«‫اﻟﻨﻮوي‬ ‫ﻗﺎل‬‫ر‬‫ﲪﻪ‬‫اﷲ‬:)‫ﺑﺎﻟﺴﺎﻋﻲ‬ ‫اﳌﺮاد‬
‫ﳍﲈ‬ ‫اﻟﻜﺎﺳﺐ‬‫ذﻟﻚ‬ ‫ﻗﺒﻞ‬ ‫ﺗﺰوﺟﺖ‬ ‫ﺳﻮاء‬ ‫ﳍﺎ‬ ‫زوج‬ ‫ﻻ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫واﻷرﻣﻠﺔ‬ ،‫ﳌﺆﻧﺘﻬﲈ‬ ‫اﻟﻌﺎﻣﻞ‬
‫زوﺟﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻓﺎرﻗﻬﺎ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻲ‬ ‫وﻗﻴﻞ‬ ،‫ﻻ‬ ‫أم‬،‫ﻗﺎل‬‫اﺑﻦ‬‫ﻗﺘﻴﺒﺔ‬:‫ﳍﺎ‬ ‫ﳛﺼﻞ‬ ‫ﳌﺎ‬ ‫أرﻣﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﺳﻤﻴﺖ‬
‫اﻟﺰوج‬ ‫ﺑﻔﻘﺪ‬ ‫اﻟﺰاد‬ ‫وذﻫﺎب‬ ‫اﻟﻔﻘﺮ‬ ‫وﻫﻮ‬ ‫اﻹرﻣﺎل‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬.
»‫واﳌﺴﻜﲔ‬«‫ﻋﲆ‬ ‫ﻳﻘﻊ‬ ‫وﻗﺪ‬ ،‫اﻟﴚء‬ ‫ﺑﻌﺾ‬ ‫ﻟﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫وﻗﻴﻞ‬ ،‫ﻟﻪ‬ ‫ﳾء‬ ‫ﻻ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻫﻮ‬
‫ﻣﻌﻨﺎه‬ ‫وﰲ‬ ،‫اﻟﻀﻌﻴﻒ‬‫ﺑﻌﻀﻬﻢ‬ ‫ﻋﻨﺪ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻷوﱃ‬ ‫ﺑﻞ‬ ‫اﻟﻔﻘﲑ‬.»‫ﺳﺒﻴﻞ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﳌﺠﺎﻫﺪ‬‫اﷲ‬«
‫اﻟﻐﺎزي‬ ‫ﻛﺜﻮاب‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻴﻬﲈ‬ ‫واﻹﻧﻔﺎق‬ ‫ﺷﺄﳖﲈ‬ ‫وإﺻﻼح‬ ‫ﺑﺄﻣﺮﳘﺎ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﺎﺋﻢ‬ ‫ﺛﻮاب‬ ‫أي‬‫ﰲ‬
‫اﻟﺮب‬ ‫رﺿﺎ‬ ‫وﻣﻄﺎﻟﺒﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻨﻔﺲ‬ ‫ﳐﺎﻟﻔﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﺬﻟﻪ‬ ‫وﰲ‬ ‫اﻟﺮوح‬ ‫ﺷﻘﻴﻖ‬ ‫اﳌﺎل‬ ‫ﻓﺈن‬ ‫ﺟﻬﺎده‬
)٣(
.
)١(‫اﻟﻜﺒﺎﺋﺮ‬)٦٥.(
)٢(‫اﻟﺒﺨﺎري‬ ‫رواه‬)٥٠٣٨.(
)٣(‫ﻣﺴﻠﻢ‬ ‫ﴍح‬ ‫اﻧﻈﺮ‬)١٨/١١٢.(

 
 
‫ﺗﻌﺎﱃ‬ ‫ﻗﺎل‬:po nmlkjihg
utsrqyxwv
|{ z]‫اﻟﻨﺴﺎء‬:٣٦.[
‫ﻗﺮن‬ ‫اﻵﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﻫﺬه‬ ‫ﻓﻔﻲ‬‫اﷲ‬U‫اﻟﻮاﻟﺪﻳﻦ‬ ‫إﱃ‬ ‫وﺑﺎﻹﺣﺴﺎن‬ ‫ﺑﻌﺒﺎدﺗﻪ‬ ‫اﳉﺎر‬ ‫ﺣﻖ‬
‫واﻷرﺣﺎم‬ ‫واﻟﻴﺘﺎﻣﻰ‬.
‫ﻋﻤﺮ‬ ‫اﺑﻦ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬‫ب‬‫ﻗﺎل‬:‫رﺳﻮل‬ ‫ﻗﺎل‬‫اﷲ‬r:»‫ﻳﻮﺻﻴﻨﻲ‬ ‫ﺟﱪﻳﻞ‬ ‫زال‬ ‫ﻣﺎ‬ِ ِ
ُ َُ ِ ْ ِ َ َ
‫ﺳﻴﻮرﺛﻪ‬ ‫أﻧﻪ‬ ‫ﻇﻨﻨﺖ‬ ‫ﺣﺘﻰ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﳉﺎر‬ُ ‫ﱢ‬ ُ ََ ُ َ‫ﱠ‬ َ ُ ْ َ ‫ﱠ‬َ ِ َْ ِ«
)١(
.
‫ﻫﺮﻳﺮة‬ ‫أﰊ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬t‫رﺳﻮل‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬‫اﷲ‬r‫ﻗﺎل‬َ َ:َ»ِ‫ﷲ‬‫ﺑﺎ‬ ‫ﻳﺆﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻛﺎن‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ِ ُ ْ
ِ ْ ُ ََ َ‫واﻟﻴﻮم‬ِ ْ ََ ْ
‫ﺟﺎره‬ ‫ﻓﻠﻴﻜﺮم‬ ‫اﻵﺧﺮ‬ُ ََ ْ ُِ ِْ ْ َ ِ ْ..«
)٢(
.
‫رواﻳﺔ‬ ‫وﰲ‬»‫ﺟﺎره‬ ‫إﱃ‬ ‫ﻓﻠﻴﺤﺴﻦ‬ِ ِِ َ ْ َْ ِ ُ ْ َ«
)٣(
.
‫ﴍﻳﺢ‬ ‫أﰊ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬ ‫ﺳﻌﻴﺪ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬t‫اﻟﻨﺒﻲ‬ ‫أن‬r‫ﻗﺎل‬:»‫و‬َ‫اﷲ‬‫و‬ ‫ﻳﺆﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻻ‬َ ُ
ِ ْ ُ َ‫اﷲ‬‫ﻻ‬َ
‫وا‬ ‫ﻳﺆﻣﻦ‬َ ُ
ِ ْ ُ‫ﷲ‬‫ﻗﻴﻞ‬ ‫ﻳﺆﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻻ‬َ ِ ِ
ُ ْ ُ َ:‫وﻣ‬َ َ‫رﺳﻮل‬ ‫ﻳﺎ‬ ‫ﻦ‬َ ُ َ َ ْ‫اﷲ‬‫؟‬‫ﻗﺎل‬َ َ:‫ﺑﻮاﺋﻘﻪ‬ ‫ﺟﺎره‬‫ﻳﺄﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ ‫اﻟﺬي‬ُ َ َ ُ َ َُ ُ َ َْ َ ِ ‫ﱠ‬«
)٤(
]‫اﳌﻬﻠﻚ‬ ‫واﻟﴚء‬ ‫واﻟﴩ‬ ‫اﻟﻈﻠﻢ‬ ‫وﻫﻲ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﺋﻘﺔ‬ ‫ﲨﻊ‬[.
)١(‫اﻟﺒﺨﺎري‬ ‫رواه‬)٥٦٦٩(‫وﻣﺴﻠﻢ‬)٢٦٢٥.(
)٢(‫اﻟﺒﺨﺎري‬ ‫رواه‬)٥٦٧٣.(
)٣(‫ﻣﺴﻠﻢ‬ ‫رواه‬)٤٧.(
)٤(‫رواه‬‫اﻟﺒﺨﺎري‬)٥٦٧٠(‫وﻣﺴﻠﻢ‬)٤٦.(

 
‫اﳉﺎر‬ ‫إﱃ‬ ‫اﻹﺣﺴﺎن‬ ‫وﻣﻦ‬:‫وﻋﻴﺎدﺗﻪ‬ ،‫اﻟﻔﺮح‬ ‫ﻋﻨﺪ‬ ‫وﲥﻨﺌﺘﻪ‬ ،‫اﳌﺼﻴﺒﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﻨﺪ‬ ‫ﺗﻌﺰﻳﺘﻪ‬
،‫ﺑﺎﻟﺴﻼم‬ ‫وﺑﺪاءﺗﻪ‬ ،‫اﳌﺮض‬ ‫ﻋﻨﺪ‬‫ﻣﺎ‬ ‫إﱃ‬ ‫وإرﺷﺎده‬ ،‫ﻟﻘﺎﺋﻪ‬ ‫ﻋﻨﺪ‬ ‫اﻟﻮﺟﻪ‬ ‫وﻃﻼﻗﺔ‬
‫ﻳ‬،‫ودﻧﻴﺎه‬ ‫دﻳﻨﻪ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﻨﻔﻌﻪ‬‫اﻹﺣﺴﺎن‬ ‫ﴐوب‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ذﻟﻚ‬ ‫وﻏﲑ‬.
‫ﻋﻤﺮو‬ ‫ﺑﻦ‬ ‫ﻋﺒﺪاﷲ‬ ‫أن‬ ‫ﳎﺎﻫﺪ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬‫ب‬‫ﺟﺎء‬ ‫ﻓﻠﲈ‬ ‫أﻫﻠﻪ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺷﺎة‬ ‫ﻟﻪ‬ ‫ذﺑﺤﺖ‬
‫ﻗﺎل‬:‫رﺳﻮل‬ ‫ﺳﻤﻌﺖ‬ ‫اﻟﻴﻬﻮدي؟‬ ‫ﳉﺎرﻧﺎ‬ ‫أﻫﺪﻳﺘﻢ‬ ‫اﻟﻴﻬﻮدي؟‬ ‫ﳉﺎرﻧﺎ‬ ‫أﻫﺪﻳﺘﻢ‬‫اﷲ‬
r‫ﻳﻘﻮل‬:»‫ﺳﻴﻮر‬ ‫أﻧﻪ‬ ‫ﻇﻨﻨﺖ‬ ‫ﺣﺘﻰ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﳉﺎر‬ ‫ﻳﻮﺻﻴﻨﻲ‬ ‫ﺟﱪﻳﻞ‬ ‫زال‬ ‫ﻣﺎ‬‫ﱢ‬ ُ َ ُ ََ ُ َ ْ‫ﱠ‬ َ ُ ْ َ ‫ﱠ‬َ ِ َْ ِ ِ ِ ُ ِ ِ َ َ‫ﺛﻪ‬ُ ُ«
)١(
.
 
‫ﻫﺮﻳﺮة‬ ‫أﰊ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬t‫ﻗﺎل‬:‫رﺳﻮل‬ ‫ﻗﺎل‬‫اﷲ‬r:»‫ﺳﺒﻴﻞ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫أﻧﻔﻘﺘﻪ‬ ‫دﻳﻨﺎر‬ِ ِ َ ٌِ ُ َ َْ َ ْ َ ِ،‫اﷲ‬
‫رﻗﺒﺔ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫أﻧﻔﻘﺘﻪ‬ ‫ودﻳﻨﺎر‬ٍ ِ
َ ُ ََ َْ ٌِ َ ََ ْ َ،‫ﻣﺴﻜﲔ‬ ‫ﻋﲆ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺗﺼﺪﻗﺖ‬ ‫ودﻳﻨﺎر‬ٍ ِ ِ ِ ِ
ْ ٌَ َ َ َِ َ ‫ﱠ‬ َ َْ،‫ﻋﲆ‬ ‫أﻧﻔﻘﺘﻪ‬ ‫ودﻳﻨﺎر‬َ َ ُ ََ َْ َ ْ َ ٌ
ِ
‫أﻫﻠﻚ‬َ ِ
ْ َ،‫أﺟ‬ ‫َﻋﻈﻤﻬﺎ‬ْ َْ َ ُ َ‫أﻫﻠﻚ‬ ‫ﻋﲆ‬ ‫أﻧﻔﻘﺘﻪ‬ ‫اﻟﺬي‬ ‫ﺮا‬َ ِ ِ
ْ َ َُ ََ َ ْ َ ْ ‫ﱠ‬ ً«
)٢(
.
‫ﻋﺠﺮة‬ ‫ﺑﻦ‬ ‫ﻛﻌﺐ‬ ‫وﻋﻦ‬t‫ﻗﺎل‬:‫ﻣ‬َ‫ﺮ‬‫ﱠ‬‫اﻟﻨﺒﻲ‬ ‫ﻋﲆ‬r‫أﺻﺤﺎب‬ ‫ﻓﺮأى‬ ،‫رﺟﻞ‬
‫رﺳﻮل‬‫اﷲ‬r‫ﻓﻘﺎﻟﻮا‬ ،‫وﻧﺸﺎﻃﻪ‬ ‫ﺟﻠﺪه‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ِ َ َ:‫رﺳﻮل‬ ‫ﻳﺎ‬‫اﷲ‬‫ﺳﺒﻴﻞ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﻫﺬا‬ ‫ﻛﺎن‬ ‫ﻟﻮ‬
‫اﷲ‬‫رﺳﻮل‬ ‫ﻓﻘﺎل‬ ،‫اﷲ‬r:»‫ﻓﻬﻮ‬ ‫ﺻﻐﺎرا‬ ‫وﻟﺪه‬ ‫ﻋﲆ‬ ‫ﻳﺴﻌﻰ‬ ‫ﺧﺮج‬ ‫ﻛﺎن‬ ‫إن‬َ َ َ َ َُ َ ً ْ َ ََ ِ ِ ِ َ َ َ َ َْ ِ‫ﰲ‬ِ
‫ﺳﺒﻴﻞ‬ِ ِ َ‫اﷲ‬‫ﺳﺒﻴﻞ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﻓﻬﻮ‬ ‫ﻛﺒﲑﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﺷﻴﺨﲔ‬ ‫أﺑﻮﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﻋﲆ‬ ‫ﻳﺴﻌﻰ‬ ‫ﺧﺮج‬ ‫ﻛﺎن‬ ‫وإن‬ ،ِ ِ َِ ْ ْ ْ ْ ْ َ َِ َِ َ َ َ َ َ َُ َ َِ َِ َ ََ ََ َ َ ْ ِ
)١(‫داود‬ ‫أﺑﻮ‬ ‫رواه‬)٥١٥٢(‫واﻟﱰﻣﺬي‬)١٩٤٣(‫واﻟﱰﻫﻴﺐ‬ ‫اﻟﱰﻏﻴﺐ‬ ‫ﺻﺤﻴﺢ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫اﻷﻟﺒﺎﲏ‬ ‫وﺻﺤﺤﻪ‬
)٢٥٧٤.(
)٢(‫ﻣﺴﻠﻢ‬ ‫رواه‬)٩٩٥.(

 
‫اﷲ‬،‫ﺳﺒﻴﻞ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﻓﻬﻮ‬ ‫ﻳﻌﻔﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻧﻔﺴﻪ‬ ‫ﻋﲆ‬ ‫ﻳﺴﻌﻰ‬ ‫ﻛﺎن‬ ‫وإن‬ِ ِ َ ُ ْ َِ َ َ َ َُ ََ ‫ﱡ‬ ِْ ِ ِ َ َ َ َْ ِ‫اﷲ‬،‫رﻳﺎء‬ ‫ﺧﺮج‬ ‫ﻛﺎن‬ ‫وإن‬ً َ َِ َ ََ َ َْ ِ
‫اﻟﺸﻴﻄﺎن‬ ‫ﺳﺒﻴﻞ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﻓﻬﻮ‬ ‫وﻣﻔﺎﺧﺮة‬ِ َ ْ َ َ ُ‫ﱠ‬ ِ ِ ِ َ َُ َ ً َ َ«
)١(
.
 
‫ﻫﺮﻳﺮة‬ ‫أﰊ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬t‫ﻗﺎل‬:‫رﺳﻮل‬ ‫ﻗﺎل‬‫اﷲ‬r»‫إن‬‫ﱠ‬ ِ‫اﷲ‬‫اﳋﻠﻖ‬ ‫ﺧﻠﻖ‬َ َْ ََْ َ،‫إذا‬ ‫ﺣﺘﻰ‬َ ِ ‫ﱠ‬ َ
‫ﻓﻘﺎﻟﺖ‬ ‫اﻟﺮﺣﻢ‬ ‫ﻗﺎﻣﺖ‬ ‫ﻣﻨﻬﻢ‬ ‫ﻓﺮغ‬ْ ْ َْ َ َ ََ َُ ‫ﱠ‬ َ ْ َ
ِ ِ
ُ:‫اﻟﻘﻄﻴﻌﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫اﻟﻌﺎﺋﺬ‬ ‫ﻣﻘﺎم‬ ‫ﻫﺬا‬ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ
َ ْ َ ََ َْ ْ ُ َ َ،‫ﻗﺎل‬َ َ:‫أﻣﺎ‬ ‫ﻧﻌﻢ‬َ َْ َ َ
‫ﺗﺮﺿ‬ْ َ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫وأﻗﻄﻊ‬ ‫وﺻﻠﻚ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫أﺻﻞ‬ ‫أن‬ ‫ﲔ‬ْ َ َ َ َ َْ َ َْ ْ َ َ َِ َِ َ ْ َ‫ﻗﻄﻌﻚ‬ِ
َ َ َ‫؟‬‫ﻗﺎﻟﺖ‬ْ َ َ:‫ﺑﲆ‬َ َ،‫ﻗﺎل‬َ َ:‫ﻟﻚ‬ ‫ﻓﺬاك‬ِ َِ َ َ،
‫رﺳﻮل‬ ‫ﻗﺎل‬ ‫ﺛﻢ‬ُ َُ َ ‫ﱠ‬َ ُ‫اﷲ‬r‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺗﻔﺴﺪوا‬ ‫أن‬ ‫ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺘﻢ‬ ‫إن‬ ‫ﻋﺴﻴﺘﻢ‬ ‫ﻓﻬﻞ‬ ‫ﺷﺌﺘﻢ‬ ‫إن‬ ‫اﻗﺮءوا‬ِ ُ ُ ُ َ ُ ُ ِْ ِْ ْ ْ َْ ْ ْ ْ ْ َ ْ َ‫ﱠ‬ َْ َِ َِ َ ُ ْ
‫ﻟﻌﻨﻬﻢ‬ ‫اﻟﺬﻳﻦ‬‫أوﻟﺌﻚ‬ ‫أرﺣﺎﻣﻜﻢ‬ ‫وﺗﻘﻄﻌﻮا‬‫اﻷرض‬ْ ْ َ ْ ُْ َ َُ َ َ ُ ََ ‫ﱠ‬ َِ َِ ُ َُ ‫ﱢ‬ َ ِ َ ْ‫اﷲ‬‫أ‬ ‫وأﻋﻤﻰ‬ ‫ﻓﺄﺻﻤﻬﻢ‬َ ََ ْ ‫ﱠ‬ْ َ َُ َ َ‫ﺑﺼﺎرﻫﻢ‬ْ َُ َ ْ
‫أﻗﻔﺎﳍﺎ‬ ‫ﻗﻠﻮب‬ ‫ﻋﲆ‬ ‫أم‬ ‫اﻟﻘﺮآن‬ ‫ﻳﺘﺪﺑﺮون‬ ‫أﻓﻼ‬َُ َ ْ ُ َُ َ ٍَ ُ َْ َ ‫ﱠ‬ْ ْ ُ ََ َ َ َ َ َ«
)٢(
.
‫ﻋﻮف‬ ‫ﺑﻦ‬ ‫ﻋﺒﺪاﻟﺮﲪﻦ‬ ‫وﻋﻦ‬t‫ﻗﺎل‬:‫رﺳﻮل‬ ‫ﺳﻤﻌﺖ‬‫اﷲ‬r‫ﻳﻘﻮل‬:»‫ﻗﺎل‬َ َ
‫اﷲ‬‫وﺻﻠﺘﻪ‬ ‫وﺻﻠﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫اﺳﻤﻲ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫اﺳﲈ‬ ‫ﳍﺎ‬ ‫ﺷﻘﻘﺖ‬ ‫اﻟﺮﺣﻢ‬ ‫وﻫﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﺮﲪﻦ‬ ‫أﻧﺎ‬ُ َ َ َ َ ْ ْ َ ُُ ُْ ََ َ ْ ْ ُ ‫ﱠ‬ َ ‫ﱠ‬
ِ ِ ِ ِ
ً ََ ْ َ َ َ ْ َ َ
‫ﻗﻄﻌ‬ ‫وﻣﻦ‬َ ْ ََ َ َ‫ﺑﺘﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﻬﺎ‬‫ﱡ‬ َ َ َ«
)٣(
.
‫اﻟﻨﻮوي‬ ‫ﻗﺎل‬‫رﲪﻪ‬‫اﷲ‬:‫وأﻣﺎ‬)‫اﻟﺮﺣﻢ‬ ‫ﺻﻠﺔ‬(‫اﻷﻗﺎرب‬ ‫إﱃ‬ ‫اﻹﺣﺴﺎن‬ ‫ﻓﻬﻲ‬
‫وﺗﺎرة‬ ،‫ﺑﺎﳋﺪﻣﺔ‬ ‫وﺗﺎرة‬ ،‫ﺑﺎﳌﺎل‬ ‫ﺗﻜﻮن‬ ‫ﻓﺘﺎرة‬ ‫واﳌﻮﺻﻮل‬ ‫اﻟﻮاﺻﻞ‬ ‫ﺣﺎل‬ ‫ﺣﺴﺐ‬ ‫ﻋﲆ‬
‫ذﻟﻚ‬ ‫وﻏﲑ‬ ‫واﻟﺴﻼم‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﺰﻳﺎرة‬
)٤(
.
)١(‫ا‬ ‫رواه‬‫ﻟﻄﱪاﲏ‬)٧/٥٦(،‫اﻟﱰﻏﻴﺐ‬ ‫ﺻﺤﻴﺢ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫اﻷﻟﺒﺎﲏ‬ ‫وﺻﺤﺤﻪ‬‫واﻟﱰﻫﻴﺐ‬)١٦٩٢.(
)٢(‫ﻣﺴﻠﻢ‬ ‫رواه‬)٢٥٥٤.(
)٣(‫رو‬‫اه‬‫داود‬ ‫أﺑﻮ‬)١٦٩٤(‫واﻟﱰﻫﻴﺐ‬ ‫اﻟﱰﻏﻴﺐ‬ ‫ﺻﺤﻴﺢ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫اﻷﻟﺒﺎﲏ‬ ‫ﺻﺤﺤﻪ‬)٢٥٢٨.(
)٤(‫ﻣﺴﻠﻢ‬ ‫ﻋﲆ‬ ‫اﻟﻨﻮوي‬ ‫ﴍح‬)٢/٢٠١.(

 
 
‫ﺗﻌﺎﱃ‬ ‫ﻗﺎل‬:q p o n m l k
y x w v ut s r
~ } | { z¥ ¤ £ ¢¡
ª©¨§¦]‫اﻟﺒﻘﺮة‬:٢٧٣.[
‫ﻳﻜﻮﻧ‬ ‫ﻣﺎ‬ ‫أﺷﺪ‬ ‫اﳌﺴﻠﻤﲔ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫أﻧﺎس‬ ‫ﻫﻨﺎك‬ ‫أن‬ ‫اﻵﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﻫﺬه‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺗﻌﺎﱃ‬ ‫أﺧﱪ‬‫ﻮا‬‫ﺣﺎﺟﺔ‬
‫ﺷﻴﺌﺎ‬ ‫اﻟﻨﺎس‬ ‫ﺗﺴﺄل‬ ‫أن‬ ‫ﺗﺄﺑﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﻜﺮﻳﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﻧﻔﻮﺳﻬﻢ‬ ‫وﻟﻜﻦ‬ ،‫اﳌﺴﺎﻋﺪة‬ ‫إﱃ‬ً.
‫ﺑﺎﺳﺘﻤﺮار‬ ‫إﺧﻮاﳖﻢ‬ ‫أﺣﻮال‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻔﻘﺪون‬ ‫اﻟﺼﺎﳊﻮن‬ ‫ﻛﺎن‬ ‫وﻟﺬﻟﻚ‬،‫وﻫﻜﺬا‬
‫رﺳﻮل‬ ‫أﻣﺮﻧﺎ‬‫اﷲ‬r‫ﺣﻴﺚ‬ ‫اﳉﺎر‬ ‫ﻣﻊ‬‫ﻳﻘﻮل‬:»‫اﻟ‬ ‫اﳌﺆﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻟﻴﺲ‬‫ﱠ‬ َُ َ
ِ ْ ُْ ْ‫وﺟﺎره‬ ‫ﻳﺸﺒﻊ‬ ‫ﺬي‬ُ َ َ ُ َُ َْ ِ
‫ﺟﺎﺋﻊ‬ٌ َ
ِ«
)١(
.
‫اﻟﻨﺒﻲ‬ ‫أﺻﺤﺎب‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫اﻟﺮﺟﻞ‬ ‫ﺗﺄﰐ‬ ‫اﳍﺪﻳﺔ‬ ‫وﻛﺎﻧﺖ‬r،‫ﺟﺎره‬ ‫إﱃ‬ ‫ﲠﺎ‬ ‫ﻓﻴﺒﻌﺚ‬
‫ﺣﺘﻰ‬ ‫دور‬ ‫ﻋﴩة‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫أﻛﺜﺮ‬ ‫ﻋﲆ‬ ‫ﺗﺪور‬ ‫وﻫﻜﺬا‬ ،‫آﺧﺮ‬ ‫ﺟﺎر‬ ‫إﱃ‬ ‫اﳉﺎر‬ ‫ﲠﺎ‬ ‫وﻳﺒﻌﺚ‬
‫اﻷول‬ ‫إﱃ‬ ‫ﺗﺮﺟﻊ‬.
،‫اﻟﺼﺪﻳﻖ‬ ‫ﻓﺨﺮج‬ ،‫اﻟﺒﺎب‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﻓﺪق‬ ‫ﻟﻪ‬ ‫ﺻﺪﻳﻘﺎ‬ ‫رﺟﻞ‬ ‫أﺗﻰ‬‫ﻟﻪ‬ ‫وﻗﺎل‬:‫ﺟﺎء‬ ‫ﻣﺎ‬
‫ﻗﺎل‬ ‫ﺑﻚ؟‬:‫دﻳﻦ‬ ‫درﻫﻢ‬ ‫أرﺑﻌﲈﺋﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﲇ‬.‫وأﻋﻄﺎه‬ ،‫درﻫﻢ‬ ‫أرﺑﻌﲈﺋﺔ‬ ‫ﺻﺪﻳﻘﻪ‬ ‫ﻟﻪ‬ ‫ﻓﻮزن‬
)١(‫اﳌﺴﺘﺪرك‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫اﳊﺎﻛﻢ‬ ‫رواه‬)٢١٦٦(‫اﻟﱰ‬ ‫ﺻﺤﻴﺢ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫اﻷﻟﺒﺎﲏ‬ ‫وﺻﺤﺤﻪ‬ ،‫واﻟﱰﻫﻴﺐ‬ ‫ﻏﻴﺐ‬
)٢٥٦٢(‫ﻋﺒﺎس‬ ‫اﺑﻦ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬ ،‫ب‬.

 
‫ﻳﺒﻜﻲ‬ ‫وﻫﻮ‬ ‫ﻋﺎد‬ ‫ﺛﻢ‬ ،‫إﻳﺎﻫﺎ‬!‫اﻣﺮأﺗﻪ‬ ‫ﻟﻪ‬ ‫ﻓﻘﺎﻟﺖ‬:‫؟‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻴﻚ‬ ‫ﺷﻖ‬ ‫إذ‬ ‫أﻋﻄﻴﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﱂ‬‫ﻓﻘﺎل‬:
‫ﻣﻔﺎﲢﺘﻲ‬ ‫إﱃ‬ ‫اﺣﺘﺎج‬ ‫ﺣﺘﻰ‬ ‫ﺣﺎﻟﻪ‬ ‫أﺗﻔﻘﺪ‬ ‫ﱂ‬ ‫ﻷﲏ‬ ‫أﺑﻜﻲ‬ ‫إﻧﲈ‬!!
 
‫ﻫﺮﻳﺮة‬ ‫أﰊ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬t‫ﻗﺎل‬:‫ﻗ‬‫رﺳﻮل‬ ‫ﺎل‬‫اﷲ‬r:»‫أو‬ ‫وﺳﺒﻌﻮن‬ ‫ﺑﻀﻊ‬ ‫اﻹﻳﲈن‬ْ ُ ْ َ ٌَ َ َُ ْ ِ َ ِ ْ
‫إﻻ‬ ‫إﻟﻪ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ ‫ﻗﻮل‬ ‫ﻓﺄﻓﻀﻠﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺷﻌﺒﺔ‬ ‫وﺳﺘﻮن‬ ‫ﺑﻀﻊ‬‫ﱠ‬ َِ َِ ْ َ ْ َ ٌَ ُُ َ ًَ َ ْْ َ َُ َ ‫ﱡ‬ ِ ِ‫اﷲ‬‫ﻋﻦ‬ ‫اﻷذى‬ ‫إﻣﺎﻃﺔ‬ ‫وأدﻧﺎﻫﺎ‬ْ َ َ ْ ََ َ ْ ُ َ َ ِ َ َ
‫اﻹﻳﲈن‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺷﻌﺒﺔ‬ ‫واﳊﻴﺎء‬ ‫اﻟﻄﺮﻳﻖ‬َ ِ ْ ْ َ ْ َ
ِ ٌ ُ ُ َ َْ ِ ِ ‫ﱠ‬«
)١(
.
‫ذر‬ ‫أﰊ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬t‫اﻟﻨﺒﻲ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬r‫ﻗﺎل‬:»‫ﻋﺮﺿ‬ِ ُ‫ﻋﲇ‬ ‫ﺖ‬‫ﱠ‬ َ َ ْ‫ﺣﺴﻨﻬﺎ‬ ‫أﻣﺘﻲ‬ ‫أﻋﲈل‬َ ُ َ ‫ﱠ‬َ ْ
ِ ُ َُ َ
‫اﻟﻄﺮﻳﻖ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬ ‫ﻳﲈط‬ ‫اﻷذى‬ ‫أﻋﲈﳍﺎ‬ ‫ﳏﺎﺳﻦ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﻓﻮﺟﺪت‬ ‫وﺳﻴﺌﻬﺎ‬ِ ِ ‫ﱠ‬ ْ َ ْ َ َ َُ َ َُ ‫ﱢ‬ ََ َ ْ َِ َِ ِ َ َ ِ ُ ْ َُ َ،‫ﰲ‬ ‫ووﺟﺪت‬ِ ُ ْ َ َ َ
‫ﺗﺪﻓﻦ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ ‫اﳌﺴﺠﺪ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺗﻜﻮن‬ ‫اﻟﻨﺨﺎﻋﺔ‬ ‫أﻋﲈﳍﺎ‬ ‫ﻣﺴﺎوي‬ُ َ َْ ْ ُ َ َ ‫ﱡ‬َ ِ ِِ ْ َ ََْ ِ ُ ُ َ َ َ
َ ِ«
)٢(
.
‫ﻫﺮﻳﺮة‬ ‫أﰊ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬t‫رﺳﻮل‬ ‫أن‬‫اﷲ‬r‫ﻗﺎل‬:»‫ﺑﻴﻨﲈ‬ََ ْ َ‫ﺑﻄﺮﻳﻖ‬ ‫ﻳﻤﴚ‬ ‫رﺟﻞ‬ٍ ِ َِ ِ
ْ َ ٌَ ُ
‫ﻓﺸﻜﺮ‬ ‫ﻓﺄﺧﺬه‬ ‫اﻟﻄﺮﻳﻖ‬ ‫ﻋﲆ‬ ‫ﺷﻮك‬ ‫ﻏﺼﻦ‬ ‫وﺟﺪ‬َ َ َ َ َ َُ َ ْ َ ْ َ ََ َ ََ ِ ِ ‫ﱠ‬ َ ٍ ُ‫اﷲ‬‫ﻟﻪ‬ ‫ﻓﻐﻔﺮ‬ ‫ﻟﻪ‬َ ََ َ َ َ ُ«
)٣(
.
 
‫ذر‬ ‫أﰊ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬ ،‫ﻗﻞ‬ ‫وإن‬ ‫ﻣﻌﺮوﻓﺎ‬ ‫ﳛﺘﻘﺮ‬ ‫أن‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻤﺆﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻳﻨﺒﻐﻲ‬ ‫ﻓﻼ‬t‫ﻗﺎل‬:‫ﱄ‬ ‫ﻗﺎل‬
‫اﻟﻨﺒﻲ‬r:»‫ﲢ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ْ َ َ‫ﻃﻠﻖ‬ ‫ﺑﻮﺟﻪ‬ ‫أﺧﺎك‬ ‫ﺗﻠﻘﻰ‬ ‫أن‬ ‫وﻟﻮ‬ ‫ﺷﻴﺌﺎ‬ ‫اﳌﻌﺮوف‬‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻘﺮن‬ٍ ْ ْ ََ ٍ ِ ِ ِ
ْ َ ْ َ ْ ِْ َ َ َ ًَ ََ ْ ‫ﱠ‬ْ ُ ََ َْ«
)٤(
.
)١(‫ﻣﺴﻠﻢ‬ ‫رواه‬)٣٥.(
)٢(‫ﻣﺴﻠﻢ‬ ‫رواه‬)٥٥٣.(
)٣(‫اﻟﺒﺨﺎري‬ ‫رواه‬)٦٢٤(‫وﻣﺴﻠﻢ‬)١٩١٤.(
)٤(‫ﻣﺴﻠﻢ‬ ‫رواه‬)٢٦٢٦.(

 
‫ﻣﻨﺰﻟﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻪ‬ ‫اﳌﺴﺠﺪ‬ ‫ﺗﻨﻈﻴﻒ‬ ‫ﺣﺘﻰ‬ ،‫ﺷﻴﺌﺎ‬ ‫اﻟﻨﺎﻓﻌﺔ‬ ‫اﻷﻋﲈل‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫اﳌﺴﻠﻢ‬ ‫ﳛﻘﺮن‬ ‫وﻻ‬ً
‫ﺗﻘﻢ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﻧﺖ‬ ‫اﻣﺮأة‬ ‫ﻓﻬﺬه‬ ،‫اﻹﺳﻼم‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﻋﻈﻴﻤﺔ‬]‫ﺗﻨﻈﻒ‬[‫اﳌﺴﺠﺪ‬،‫رﺳﻮل‬ ‫ﻓﻔﻘﺪﻫﺎ‬
‫اﷲ‬r‫ﻋﻨﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻓﺴﺄل‬،‫ﻓﻘﺎﻟﻮا‬:‫ﻗﺎل‬ ‫ﻣﺎﺗﺖ‬:»‫آذﻧﺘﻤﻮﲏ‬ ‫ﻛﻨﺘﻢ‬ ‫أﻓﻼ‬ِ ُ ُْ ُ ْْ َ َُ َ َ«‫ﻗﺎل‬:‫ﻓﻜﺄﳖﻢ‬
‫أﻣﺮﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﺻﻐﺮوا‬،‫ﻓﻘﺎل‬:»‫ﻗﱪﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﻋﲆ‬ ‫دﻟﻮﲏ‬ِ ِ ْ َ َُ َ ِ ‫ﱡ‬«‫ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻓﺼﲆ‬ ‫ﻓﺪﻟﻮه‬،‫ﻗﺎل‬ ‫ﺛﻢ‬:»‫إن‬‫ﱠ‬ ِ
‫أﻫﻠﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻋﲆ‬ ‫ﻇﻠﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﳑﻠﻮءة‬ ‫اﻟﻘﺒﻮر‬ ‫ﻫﺬه‬َ
ِ ِ ِ
ْ َ ُ ََ َ ً َُ َْ ُ ُْ ٌ َ ْ َ،‫وإن‬‫ﱠ‬ ِ َ‫اﷲ‬‫ﺑﺼﻼﰐ‬ ‫ﳍﻢ‬ ‫ﻳﻨﻮرﻫﺎ‬ ‫وﺟﻞ‬ ‫ﻋﺰ‬ِ َ َ َ ‫ﱢ‬ َ َ َِ ْ ُ َُُ َ ‫ﱠ‬‫ﱠ‬
‫ﻋﻠﻴﻬﻢ‬ْ ِْ َ َ«
)١(
.
‫اﻟﻨﻮوي‬ ‫ﻗﺎل‬‫رﲪﻪ‬‫اﷲ‬:‫ﻗﻮﻟﻪ‬ْ َ:»‫اﳌﺴﺠﺪ‬ ‫ﺗﻘﻢ‬ِ ْ َّْ ُ َ«‫ﺗﻜ‬ ‫أي‬َ َ‫ﻨﺴﻪ‬ُ.‫ﻗﻮﻟﻪ‬r:»‫أﻓﻼ‬َ َ َ
‫آذﻧﺘﻤﻮﲏ‬ ‫ﻛﻨﺘﻢ‬ِ ُ ُْ ُ ْْ َ ُ«‫أﻋﻠﻤﺘﻤﻮﲏ‬ ‫أي‬َ.
 
‫ﻣﻌﺎوﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬t‫ﻗﺎل‬:‫رﺳﻮل‬ ‫ﺳﻤﻌﺖ‬‫اﷲ‬r‫ﻳﻘﻮل‬:»‫اﺗﺒﻌﺖ‬ ‫إن‬ ‫إﻧﻚ‬َ ‫ﱠ‬ْ َ ْ ِ َِ ‫ﱠ‬
‫أو‬ ‫أﻓﺴﺪﲥﻢ‬ ‫اﻟﻨﺎس‬ ‫ﻋﻮرات‬ْ ْ ََ َْ َ َُ َ ْ ‫ﱠ‬ْ ِ ِ‫ﺗﻔﺴﺪﻫﻢ‬ ‫أن‬ ‫ﻛﺪت‬ْ ُ َ ُ َ ِْ ِْ ْ َ،‫اﻟﺪرداء‬ ‫أﺑﻮ‬ ‫ﻓﻘﺎل‬ِ
َ ُْ ‫ﱠ‬ َ َ َ َ:‫ﺳﻤﻌﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻛﻠﻤﺔ‬َ َ
ِ ِ
َ ٌَ َ
‫رﺳﻮل‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻣﻌﺎوﻳﺔ‬ِ
ُ َ َ ُْ َ
ِ ُ ِ‫اﷲ‬‫ﻧﻔﻌﻪ‬ُ َ َ َ‫اﷲ‬‫ﲠ‬ ‫ﺗﻌﺎﱃ‬َ ِ َ َ َ‫ﺎ‬«
)٢(
.
‫اﳌﻌﺒﻮد‬ ‫ﻋﻮن‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺟﺎء‬:)‫ﻓﺈﻧﻪ‬ ،‫ﺑﺬﻟﻚ‬ ‫وﺟﺎﻫﺮﲥﻢ‬ ‫ﻣﻌﺎﺋﺒﻬﻢ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬ ‫ﺑﺤﺜﺖ‬ ‫إذا‬ ‫أي‬
‫ﳎ‬ ‫أﻣﺜﺎﳍﺎ‬ ‫ارﺗﻜﺎب‬ ‫ﻋﲆ‬ ‫ﻓﻴﺠﱰﺋﻮن‬ ‫ﻋﻨﻚ‬ ‫ﺣﻴﺎﺋﻬﻢ‬ ‫ﻗﻠﺔ‬ ‫إﱃ‬ ‫ﻳﺆدي‬‫ﺎﻫﺮة‬(
)٣(
.
)١(‫ﻣﺴﻠﻢ‬ ‫رواه‬)٩٥٦.(
)٢(‫داود‬ ‫أﺑﻮ‬ ‫رواه‬)٤٨٨٨(‫اﻟﱰﻏﻴﺐ‬ ‫ﺻﺤﻴﺢ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫اﻷﻟﺒﺎﲏ‬ ‫وﺻﺤﺤﻪ‬ ،)٢٣٤٢.(
)٣()٣/١٥٩.(

 
 
‫اﻟﺪرداء‬ ‫أﰊ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬t‫رﺳﻮل‬ ‫ﺳﻤﻊ‬ ‫أﻧﻪ‬‫اﷲ‬r‫ﻳﻘﻮل‬:»‫ﻷﺧﻴﻪ‬ ‫دﻋﺎ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ِ ِ َ ِ
َ َ ْ َ
‫ا‬ ‫ﻗﺎل‬ ‫اﻟﻐﻴﺐ‬ ‫ﺑﻈﻬﺮ‬َ َ ِ ْ َ ْ ِ ِْ َ‫ﳌ‬َ‫ا‬ ‫ﻠﻚ‬ُ َ‫ﳌ‬ُ‫ﺑﻤﺜﻞ‬ ‫وﻟﻚ‬ ‫آﻣﲔ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﻮﻛﻞ‬ٍ ْ ِ ِ ِِ َِ َ َُ ََ ‫ﱠ‬«
)١(
.
 
‫ﻋﺎزب‬ ‫ﺑﻦ‬ ‫اﻟﱪاء‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬t‫ﻣ‬ ‫ﻗﺎل‬َ‫ﺮ‬‫ﱠ‬‫رﺳﻮل‬‫اﷲ‬r‫ﻋﲆ‬‫اﻷﻧﺼﺎر‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﳎﻠﺲ‬
‫ﻓﻘﺎل‬:»‫ﲡﻠﺴﻮا‬‫أن‬‫إﻻ‬‫أﺑﻴﺘﻢ‬‫إن‬ُ ْ ْ
ِ ْ َ ْ َْ َ‫ﱠ‬ِ ُِ َ،‫اﻟﺴﺒﻴﻞ‬‫ﻓﺎﻫﺪوا‬َ ِ ‫ﱠ‬ ُ ْ َ،‫اﳌﻈﻠﻮم‬‫وأﻋﻴﻨﻮا‬‫اﻟﺴﻼم‬‫وردوا‬َ َ ‫ﱠ‬ ُُ ْ َْ ُ ِ َ َ ‫ﱡ‬ ََ«
)٢(
.
‫ﻗﺎﴏا‬ ‫اﻟﻨﻔﻊ‬ ‫وﻟﻴﺲ‬ً‫إﻃﻌﺎﻣﻪ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ،‫اﳊﻴﻮان‬ ‫ﺣﺘﻰ‬ ‫ﺑﻞ‬ ،‫ﻓﻘﻂ‬ ‫اﻟﻨﺎس‬ ‫ﻧﻔﻊ‬ ‫ﻋﲆ‬
‫أﺟﺮ‬ ‫وإراﺣﺘﻪ‬ ‫وﺳﻘﻴﻪ‬ٌ‫ﻟﻠﻤﺆﻣﻦ‬.
 
‫اﳌﺴﻠﻢ‬‫إن‬‫ﻛﺎﻟﺮﻳﺢ‬‫ﺧﲑه‬،‫اﳌﺮﺳﻠﺔ‬‫ﺣﺘﻰ‬،‫اﳌﺨﻠﻮﻗﺎت‬‫ﲨﻴﻊ‬‫ﺑﻪ‬‫ﻳﻨﺘﻔﻊ‬‫اﳊﻴﻮاﻧﺎت‬.
‫ﻫﺮﻳﺮة‬ ‫أﰊ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬t‫رﺳﻮل‬ ‫أن‬‫اﷲ‬r‫ﻗﺎل‬:»‫ﺑﻄﺮﻳﻖ‬ ‫ﻳﻤﴚ‬ ‫رﺟﻞ‬ ‫ﺑﻴﻨﲈ‬ٍ ِ َِ ِ
ْ َ َ ٌْ ُ َََ
‫ﻓﴩب‬ ‫ﻓﻴﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻓﻨﺰل‬ ‫ﺑﺌﺮا‬ ‫ﻓﻮﺟﺪ‬ ‫اﻟﻌﻄﺶ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻴﻪ‬ ‫اﺷﺘﺪ‬َ َ َ َ َِ َ َ َ َ َْ
ِ َِ َ َ ْ َ ‫ﱠ‬ ًَ ِْ ُ َ ْ َ،‫ﻳﻠﻬﺚ‬ ‫ﻛﻠﺐ‬ ‫ﻓﺈذا‬ ‫ﺧﺮج‬ ‫ﺛﻢ‬ُ َُ ْ َْ َ ‫ﱠ‬ٌ ََ َ ِ َ َ
‫اﻟﺜ‬ ‫ﻳﺄﻛﻞ‬‫ﱠ‬ ُ ُ ْ َ‫اﻟﺮﺟﻞ‬ ‫ﻓﻘﺎل‬ ‫اﻟﻌﻄﺶ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺮى‬ُ ُْ َ ْ‫ﱠ‬ ََ َ َ ِ َ ِ:‫ﻣﺜﻞ‬ ‫اﻟﻌﻄﺶ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫اﻟﻜﻠﺐ‬ ‫ﻫﺬا‬ ‫ﺑﻠﻎ‬ ‫ﻟﻘﺪ‬ُ ْ ْ ْ َ َْ َِ ِِ َ َ ْ َ َ ََ َ َ ْ
‫ﻣﻨﻲ‬ ‫ﺑﻠﻎ‬ ‫ﻛﺎن‬ ‫اﻟﺬي‬‫ﱢ‬ َِ َِ ‫ﱠ‬َ َ َ،‫رﻗﻲ‬ ‫ﺣﺘﻰ‬ ‫ﺑﻔﻴﻪ‬ ‫أﻣﺴﻜﻪ‬ ‫ﺛﻢ‬ ‫ﻣﺎء‬ ‫ﺧﻔﻪ‬ ‫ﻓﻤﻸ‬ ‫اﻟﺒﺌﺮ‬ ‫ﻓﻨﺰل‬َ َ َ ْ ‫ﱠ‬ َ َ َ
ِ ِ ِ‫ﱠ‬ ُ ْ َ ََ ُ ُِ َ َ ُ ً ‫ﱠ‬ َ َ َ َِ ْ َ
)١(‫ﻣﺴﻠﻢ‬ ‫رواه‬)٢٧٣.(
)٢(‫اﻟﺒﻴﻬﻘﻲ‬ ‫رواه‬)٩٠٨٥(‫اﻟﺼﺤﻴﺤﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺴﻠﺴﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫اﻷﻟﺒﺎﲏ‬ ‫وﺻﺤﺤﻪ‬ ،)١٥٦١.(

 
‫ﻓﺸﻜﺮ‬ ‫اﻟﻜﻠﺐ‬ ‫ﻓﺴﻘﻰ‬َ ََ َ ََ ََ ْ ْ َ‫اﷲ‬‫ﻟﻪ‬ ‫ﻓﻐﻔﺮ‬ ‫ﻟﻪ‬ُ َُ ََ َ َ َ«،‫ﻗﺎ‬َ‫ﻟﻮا‬ُ:‫رﺳﻮل‬ ‫ﻳﺎ‬َ ُ َ َ‫اﷲ‬‫ﻫﺬه‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﻟﻨﺎ‬ ‫وإن‬ِ ِ
َ ِ َ َ ‫ﱠ‬ ِ َ
‫ﻷﺟﺮا‬ ‫اﻟﺒﻬﺎﺋﻢ‬ً ْ َ ََ َ ِ ِ ْ‫؟‬‫ﻓﻘﺎل‬َ َ َ:»‫أﺟﺮ‬ ‫رﻃﺒﺔ‬ ‫ﻛﺒﺪ‬ ‫ﻛﻞ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ٌ َْ ََ ٍ ٍْ ِ َ ُ‫ﱢ‬ ِ«
)١(
.
‫رﲪﻪ‬ ‫اﻟﻨﻮوي‬ ‫ﻗﺎل‬‫اﷲ‬:»‫ﻛﻞ‬ ‫ﰲ‬‫ﱢ‬ ُ ِ‫ﻛﺒﺪ‬ٍ ِ َ‫رﻃﺒﺔ‬ٍ
َ ْ َ‫أﺟﺮ‬ٌ ْ َ«‫ﻣﻌﻨﺎه‬:‫إﱃ‬ ‫اﻹﺣﺴﺎن‬ ‫ﰲ‬
‫أﺟﺮ‬ ‫وﻧﺤﻮه‬ ‫ﺑﺴﻘﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﺣﻲ‬ ‫ﺣﻴﻮان‬ ‫ﻛﻞ‬
)٢(
.
-‫اﻟﻌﻠﻢ‬ ‫أﻫﻞ‬ ‫ﺑﻌﺾ‬ ‫ﻗﺎل‬:‫وإ‬‫ﻛﺎن‬ ‫ذا‬‫اﷲ‬‫ﻋﲆ‬ ‫ﻛﻠﺒﺎ‬ ‫ﺳﻘﻰ‬ ‫ﳌﻦ‬ ‫ﻏﻔﺮ‬ ‫ﻗﺪ‬ ‫ﺳﺒﺤﺎﻧﻪ‬ً
‫ﻇﻤﺌﻪ‬ ‫ﺷﺪة‬،‫اﳉﻴﺎع‬ ‫وأﺷﺒﻊ‬ ،‫اﻟﻌﻄﺎش‬ ‫ﺳﻘﻰ‬ ‫ﺑﻤﻦ‬ ‫ﻓﻜﻴﻒ‬،‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫اﻟﻌﺮاة‬ ‫وﻛﺴﺎ‬
‫اﳌﺴﻠﻤﲔ؟‬
-‫ﻋﺒﺪاﷲ‬ ‫ﺑﻦ‬ ‫ﺟﺎﺑﺮ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬‫ب‬‫ﻗﺎل‬:‫رﺳﻮل‬ ‫ﻗﺎل‬‫اﷲ‬r:»‫ﱂ‬ ‫ﻣﺎء‬ ‫ﺣﻔﺮ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ْ َ ً َ َ ََ َ ْ
‫آﺟ‬ ‫إﻻ‬ ‫ﻃﺎﺋﺮ‬ ‫وﻻ‬ ‫إﻧﺲ‬ ‫وﻻ‬ ‫ﺟﻦ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺣﻲ‬ ‫ﻛﺒﺪ‬ ‫ﻳﴩب‬َ َ َ ‫ﱟ‬ ْ َ ْ‫ﱠ‬ َ َِ ٍِ ِ َِ ٍ ْ ِ ‫ﱞ‬ ٌَ ِ َ َ ْ‫ﺮه‬ُ َ‫اﷲ‬‫اﻟﻘﻴﺎﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﻳﻮم‬ِ ِ
َ َ َ َْ ْ«
)٣(
.
‫اﳋﻄﺎب‬ ‫ﺑﻦ‬ ‫ﻋﻤﺮ‬ ‫وﻳﻘﻮل‬t:)‫ﻋﺜﺮت‬ ‫ﻟﻮ‬‫ﺑﻐﻠﺔ‬‫ﻟﺴﺄﻟﻨﻲ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﻌﺮاق‬‫اﷲ‬
‫اﻟﻘﻴﺎﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﻳﻮم‬ ‫ﻋﻨﻬﺎ‬ ‫وﺗﻌﺎﱃ‬ ‫ﺗﺒﺎرك‬(
)٤(
.
)١(‫اﻟﺒﺨﺎري‬ ‫رواه‬)٢٢٣٤(‫وﻣﺴﻠﻢ‬ ،)٢٢٤٤.(
)٢(‫ﻣﺴﻠﻢ‬ ‫ﻋﲆ‬ ‫اﻟﻨﻮوي‬ ‫ﴍح‬)١٤/٢٤١.(
)٣(‫ﺧﺰﻳﻤﺔ‬ ‫اﺑﻦ‬ ‫رواه‬)٢/٢٦٩(‫و‬‫واﻟﱰﻫﻴﺐ‬ ‫اﻟﱰﻏﻴﺐ‬ ‫ﺻﺤﻴﺢ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫اﻷﻟﺒﺎﲏ‬ ‫ﺻﺤﺤﻪ‬)٢٧١.(
)٤(‫أ‬‫اﻷﴍاف‬ ‫ﻧﺴﺎب‬)٣/٤٠٩.(

 
 
 
‫ﻣﻮﺗﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﻌﺪ‬ ‫ﺑﺬﻟﻚ‬ ‫ﻓﻴﻨﺘﻔﻊ‬ ،‫اﻟﻌﺒﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﻮت‬ ‫ﺑﻌﺪ‬ ‫واﻟﺼﻼح‬ ‫اﻹﻳﲈن‬ ‫أﺛﺮ‬ ‫ﻓﻴﺒﻘﻰ‬،
‫ﺛﻤﺮاﲥﲈ‬ ‫ﻓﻤﻦ‬:
 
‫ﺗﻌﺎﱃ‬ ‫ﻗﺎل‬:©¨§ ¦¥¤ £¢¡
µ ´³²±°¯®¬ « ª
¾ ½¼»º¹¸¶%$#"!
0/.-,+*) ('&
<; : 9 8 7 6 54 3 21
@? >=]‫ﻏﺎﻓﺮ‬:٧–٩.[
‫ﻗﺎل‬‫اﷲ‬‫ﺗﻌﺎﱃ‬:( '&%$#"!
)54321 0/.-,+*
76]‫اﳊﴩ‬:١٠[‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺼﺎﳊﲔ‬ ‫ﺻﻼة‬ ‫ﻛﻞ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﻳﺪﻋﻮن‬ ‫واﳌﺴﻠﻤﻮن‬
‫ﻋﺒﺎد‬‫اﷲ‬‫اﻟﴩور‬‫ﲨﻴﻊ‬‫ﻣﻦ‬‫ﺑﺎﻟﺴﻼﻣﺔ‬):‫ﻋﺒﺎد‬‫وﻋﲆ‬‫ﻋﻠﻴﻨﺎ‬‫اﻟﺴﻼم‬‫اﷲ‬‫اﻟﺼﺎﳊﲔ‬(
)١(
.
)١(‫اﻟﺒﺨﺎري‬ ‫رواه‬)٧٩٧.(

 
 
‫ﻗﺎل‬‫اﷲ‬‫ﺗﻌﺎﱃ‬:´ ³²±°¯®¬«
º¹¸¶µ]‫اﻟﻜﻬﻒ‬:٨٢[‫ﻓﺤﻔﻆ‬‫اﷲ‬‫ﺗﻌ‬‫ﳍﺬﻳﻦ‬ ‫اﳌﺎل‬ ‫ﺎﱃ‬
‫واﻟﺪﳘﺎ‬ ‫ﺑﺼﻼح‬ ‫اﻟﻐﻼﻣﲔ‬
)١(
.
 
‫ﻋﺒﺪاﷲ‬ ‫ﺑﻦ‬ ‫ﺟﺮﻳﺮ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬t‫ﻗﺎل‬:‫رﺳﻮل‬ ‫ﻗﺎل‬‫اﷲ‬r:»‫اﻹﺳﻼم‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺳﻦ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ِ َ ْ َ َِ ْ ِ ‫ﱠ‬ ْ
‫ﻳ‬‫وﻻ‬‫ﲠﺎ‬‫ﻋﻤﻞ‬‫ﻣﻦ‬‫أﺟﺮ‬‫ﻣﺜﻞ‬‫ﻟﻪ‬‫ﻛﺘﺐ‬‫ﺑﻌﺪه‬‫ﲠﺎ‬‫ﻓﻌﻤﻞ‬‫ﺣﺴﻨﺔ‬‫ﺳﻨﺔ‬َ َ َ َ َ َُ َ َ ْ ْ ُ َ ُ ْ َ ُ َِ َِ ُ َ َِ ِ ِ ِِ َ ْ ً ًُ َ َ ‫ﱠ‬َ‫أﺟﻮرﻫﻢ‬‫ﻣﻦ‬‫ﻨﻘﺺ‬ْ
ِ ِِ ُ ْ ُُ ُ ْ
‫ﳾء‬ٌ ْ َ،‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫وزر‬ ‫ﻣﺜﻞ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﻛﺘﺐ‬ ‫ﺑﻌﺪه‬ ‫ﲠﺎ‬ ‫ﻓﻌﻤﻞ‬ ‫ﺳﻴﺌﺔ‬ ‫ﺳﻨﺔ‬ ‫اﻹﺳﻼم‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺳﻦ‬ ‫وﻣﻦ‬ْ َ َ ُ ْ َ ُ ‫ﱠ‬ ْ ََ ْ َ ‫ﱢ‬ َ ُ ْ َ َِ ْ ِ ُ َ َْ ً ًِ ِ ِ ُِ َ َ ‫ﱠ‬ِ َ ِ َ ِ ْ ِ
‫ﳾء‬ ‫أوزارﻫﻢ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻳﻨﻘﺺ‬ ‫وﻻ‬ ‫ﲠﺎ‬ ‫ﻋﻤﻞ‬ٌ ْ َ ُْ َ َ
ِ ِ ِِ َ ْ ْ ُ َ ََ ْ َ ِ َ«
)٢(
.
‫ﻫﺮﻳﺮة‬ ‫أﰊ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬t‫رﺳﻮل‬ ‫أن‬‫اﷲ‬r‫ﻗﺎل‬:»‫ﻫﺪى‬ ‫إﱃ‬ ‫دﻋﺎ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ً ُ َ َ َْ ِ َ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻟﻪ‬ ‫ﻛﺎن‬ْ ُ
ِ َ َ َ
‫اﻷ‬َ ْ‫أﺟﻮرﻫ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬‫ذﻟﻚ‬‫ﻳﻨﻘﺺ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ ‫ﺗﺒﻌﻪ‬‫ﻣﻦ‬‫أﺟﻮر‬‫ﻣﺜﻞ‬‫ﺟﺮ‬ِ ِ ِ ِِ ُِ ْ ُ ُ َ ْ ُ ُْ َُ َ ُ ْْ ََ ََ ِ ُ ِ‫ﺿ‬‫إﱃ‬ ‫دﻋﺎ‬ ‫وﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺷﻴﺌﺎ‬ ‫ﻢ‬َ ِ َ َ ْ ََ ْ ًْ َ‫ﻼﻟﺔ‬ٍ َ َ
‫ﺷﻴﺌﺎ‬ ‫آﺛﺎﻣﻬﻢ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ذﻟﻚ‬ ‫ﻳﻨﻘﺺ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ ‫ﺗﺒﻌﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫آﺛﺎم‬ ‫ﻣﺜﻞ‬ ‫اﻹﺛﻢ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﻛﺎن‬ً ْ َْ ْ َ َ َْ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ َِ ُ َ ْ ْْ ُ ُ َ ْ ْ ََ َ َ ِْ ِ ُِ َِ َ َ«
)٣(
.
‫رﲪﻪ‬ ‫اﻟﻨﻮوي‬ ‫ﻗﺎل‬‫اﷲ‬:‫ﻗﻮﻟﻪ‬ْ َr:»‫ﺳﻦ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬‫ﱠ‬ َْ َ‫ﺳﻴﺌﺔ‬ ‫ﺳﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﺳﻦ‬ ‫وﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺣﺴﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﺳﻨﺔ‬َ ‫ﱠ‬ َ ‫ﱠ‬‫ﱢ‬ َ ُ َ َ َ ُ‫ﱠ‬ ْ َ َ«
‫اﻵﺧﺮ‬ ‫اﳊﺪﻳﺚ‬ ‫وﰲ‬ ‫اﳊﺪﻳﺚ‬»‫ﻫﺪى‬ ‫إﱃ‬ ‫دﻋﺎ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬َ ُ َ َ َْ ِ َ...‫ﺿ‬ ‫إﱃ‬ ‫دﻋﺎ‬ ‫وﻣﻦ‬َ ِ َ َ ْ ََ‫ﻼﻟﺔ‬َ َ«.
)١(‫ﺗ‬‫اﻟﺴﻌﺪي‬ ‫ﻔﺴﲑ‬)٤٨٢.(
)٢(‫ﻣﺴﻠﻢ‬ ‫رواه‬)١٠١٧.(
)٣(‫ﻣﺴﻠﻢ‬ ‫رواه‬)٢٦٧٤.(

 
‫وﲢﺮﻳﻢ‬ ،‫اﳊﺴﻨﺔ‬ ‫اﻷﻣﻮر‬ ‫ﺳﻦ‬ ‫اﺳﺘﺤﺒﺎب‬ ‫ﻋﲆ‬ ‫اﳊﺚ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﴏﳛﺎن‬ ‫اﳊﺪﻳﺜﺎن‬ ‫ﻫﺬان‬
‫ﻳﻌﻤﻞ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻛﻞ‬ ‫أﺟﺮ‬ ‫ﻣﺜﻞ‬ ‫ﻟﻪ‬ ‫ﻛﺎن‬ ‫ﺣﺴﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﺳﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﺳﻦ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫وأن‬ ،‫اﻟﺴﻴﺌﺔ‬ ‫اﻷﻣﻮر‬ ‫ﺳﻦ‬
‫ﲠﺎ‬ ‫ﻳﻌﻤﻞ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻛﻞ‬ ‫وزر‬ ‫ﻣﺜﻞ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﻛﺎن‬ ‫ﺳﻴﺌﺔ‬ ‫ﺳﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﺳﻦ‬ ‫وﻣﻦ‬ ،‫اﻟﻘﻴﺎﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﻳﻮم‬ ‫إﱃ‬ ‫ﲠﺎ‬
‫ﺿﻼﻟﺔ‬ ‫إﱃ‬ ‫أو‬ ،‫ﻣﺘﺎﺑﻌﻴﻪ‬ ‫أﺟﻮر‬ ‫ﻣﺜﻞ‬ ‫ﻟﻪ‬ ‫ﻛﺎن‬ ‫ﻫﺪى‬ ‫إﱃ‬ ‫دﻋﺎ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫وأن‬ ،‫اﻟﻘﻴﺎﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﻳﻮم‬ ‫إﱃ‬
،‫اﺑﺘﺪأه‬ ‫اﻟﺬي‬ ‫ﻫﻮ‬ ‫واﻟﻀﻼﻟﺔ‬ ‫اﳍﺪى‬ ‫ذﻟﻚ‬ ‫ﻛﺎن‬ ‫ﺳﻮاء‬ ،‫ﺗﺎﺑﻌﻴﻪ‬ ‫آﺛﺎم‬ ‫ﻣﺜﻞ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﻛﺎن‬
‫ﻣﺴﺒﻮﻗﺎ‬ ‫ﻛﺎن‬ ‫أم‬ً‫ﻋ‬ ‫ﺗﻌﻠﻴﻢ‬ ‫ذﻟﻚ‬ ‫ﻛﺎن‬ ‫وﺳﻮاء‬ ،‫إﻟﻴﻪ‬‫أو‬ ،‫ﻋﺒﺎدة‬ ‫أو‬ ،‫ﻠﻢ‬‫ﻏﲑ‬ ‫أو‬ ،‫أدب‬
‫ذﻟﻚ‬.‫ﻗﻮﻟﻪ‬r:»‫ﺑﻌﺪه‬ ‫ﲠﺎ‬ ‫ﻓﻌﻤﻞ‬ْ َ ََ ِ َ ِ َ«‫ﺣﻴﺎﺗﻪ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫اﻟﻌﻤﻞ‬ ‫ﻛﺎن‬ ‫ﺳﻮاء‬ ‫ﺳﻨﻬﺎ‬ ‫إن‬ ‫ﻣﻌﻨﺎه‬َ َ ‫ﱠ‬ َ ْ ِ
‫ﻣﻮﺗﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﻌﺪ‬ ‫أو‬
)١(
.
‫ﺳﻴﺌﺔ‬ ‫ﺳﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﺳﻦ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫وﻛﺬﻟﻚ‬:
‫ﺗﻌﺎﱃ‬ ‫ﻗﺎل‬:´³²±°¯®¬«
½¼» º¹¸¶µ]‫اﻟﻨﺤﻞ‬:٢٥[‫ﺑﻦ‬ ‫ﻋﺒﺪاﷲ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬
‫ﻣﺴﻌﻮد‬t‫ﻗﺎل‬:‫رﺳﻮل‬ ‫ﻗﺎل‬‫اﷲ‬r:»‫ﻻ‬َ‫اﺑﻦ‬ ‫ﻋﲆ‬ ‫ﻛﺎن‬ ‫إﻻ‬ ‫ﻇﻠﲈ‬ ‫ﻧﻔﺲ‬ ‫ﺗﻘﺘﻞ‬ِ ْ َ ٌَ َ َ ‫ﱠ‬ ِ ً ْ ُُ ْ َ َ ُْ
‫دﻣﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻛﻔﻞ‬ ‫اﻷول‬ ‫آدم‬َ
ِ ِ ِ
َ ْ ‫ﱠ‬ ٌَ ْ ِ َ ْ َ‫؛‬‫اﻟﻘﺘﻞ‬ ‫ﺳﻦ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫أول‬ ‫ﻷﻧﻪ‬َ ْْ َ ‫ﱠ‬ ْ ‫ﱠ‬ َُ َ ُ َ ‫ﱠ‬ َ ِ«
)٢(
.
 
‫ﻫﺮﻳﺮة‬ ‫أﰊ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬t‫رﺳﻮل‬ ‫أن‬‫اﷲ‬r‫ﻗﺎل‬:»‫ا‬ ‫ﻣﺎت‬ ‫إذا‬َ َ َ ِ‫ﻋﻨﻪ‬ ‫اﻧﻘﻄﻊ‬ ‫ﻹﻧﺴﺎن‬ُ َ َْ َ َ ْ ُْ َ ِ ْ
)١(‫ﻣﺴﻠﻢ‬ ‫ﻋﲆ‬ ‫اﻟﻨﻮوي‬ ‫ﴍح‬)١٦/٢٢٦.(
)٢(‫اﻟﺒﺨﺎري‬ ‫رواه‬)٣١٥٧.(

 
‫ﻳﺪﻋﻮ‬ ‫ﺻﺎﻟﺢ‬ ‫وﻟﺪ‬ ‫أو‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﻳﻨﺘﻔﻊ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻢ‬ ‫أو‬ ‫ﺟﺎرﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺻﺪﻗﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫إﻻ‬ ‫ﺛﻼﺛﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫إﻻ‬ ‫ﻋﻤﻠﻪ‬ُ َ َ ْ ُ ْ َ َ ْ ْ ُ َْ َ ْ ََ ُ َ ٍَ ِ ٍ ِ ِ ٍ ٍ ِ ٍ َِ ْ َُ َِ َ ٍ ِ َ َ َ‫ﱠ‬ ‫ﱠ‬ِ َِ
‫ﻟﻪ‬ُ َ«
)١(
.
‫رﲪﻪ‬ ‫اﻟﻨﻮوي‬ ‫ﻗﺎل‬‫اﷲ‬:‫ﻗﻮﻟﻪ‬r:»‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫إﻻ‬ ‫ﻋﻤﻠﻪ‬ ‫اﻧﻘﻄﻊ‬ ‫اﻹﻧﺴﺎن‬ ‫ﻣﺎت‬ ‫إذا‬ْ َ َ
ِ ِ‫ﱠ‬ ِْ َِ َ ََ َ ْ ْ ِ َ َ
‫إﻻ‬ ‫ﺛﻼﺛﺔ‬‫ﱠ‬ ِ َ ََ‫ﻟﻪ‬ ‫ﻳﺪﻋﻮ‬ ‫ﺻﺎﻟﺢ‬ ‫وﻟﺪ‬ ‫أو‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﻳﻨﺘﻔﻊ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻢ‬ ‫أو‬ ‫ﺟﺎرﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺻﺪﻗﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ُ ُ َ َ ْ ْ َ َ َْ َ ْْ َ ْ ََ ُ َ
ِ ِ ِ َِ َِ َ ِ َ«‫اﻟﻌﻠﲈء‬ ‫ﻗﺎل‬:
‫ﰲ‬ ‫إﻻ‬ ،‫ﻟﻪ‬ ‫اﳉﻮاب‬ ‫ﲡﺪد‬ ‫وﻳﻨﻘﻄﻊ‬ ،‫ﺑﻤﻮﺗﻪ‬ ‫ﻳﻨﻘﻄﻊ‬ ‫اﳌﻴﺖ‬ ‫ﻋﻤﻞ‬ ‫أن‬ ‫اﳊﺪﻳﺚ‬ ‫ﻣﻌﻨﻰ‬
‫اﻟﺜﻼﺛﺔ‬ ‫اﻷﺷﻴﺎء‬ ‫ﻫﺬه‬‫؛‬‫ﺳﺒﺒﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻛﺎن‬ ‫ﻟﻜﻮﻧﻪ‬‫؛‬‫اﻟﻌﻠﻢ‬ ‫وﻛﺬﻟﻚ‬ ،‫ﻛﺴﺒﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫اﻟﻮﻟﺪ‬ ‫ﻓﺈن‬
‫ﺧ‬ ‫اﻟﺬي‬َ‫ﻠ‬‫ﱠ‬‫ﻔ‬َ‫ﻪ‬ُ‫ﺗﻌﻠﻴﻢ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬‫اﻟﻮﻗﻒ‬ ‫وﻫﻲ‬ ،‫اﳉﺎرﻳﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺼﺪﻗﺔ‬ ‫وﻛﺬﻟﻚ‬ ،‫ﺗﺼﻨﻴﻒ‬ ‫أو‬.
‫اﻟﻨﺎس‬ ‫أﺣﻮال‬ ‫اﺧﺘﻼف‬ ‫ﺑﻴﺎن‬ ‫ﺳﺒﻖ‬ ‫وﻗﺪ‬ ،‫ﺻﺎﻟﺢ‬ ‫وﻟﺪ‬ ‫ﻟﺮﺟﺎء‬ ‫اﻟﺰواج‬ ‫ﻓﻀﻴﻠﺔ‬ ‫وﻓﻴﻪ‬
‫اﻟﻨﻜﺎح‬ ‫ﻛﺘﺎب‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ذﻟﻚ‬ ‫وأوﺿﺤﻨﺎ‬ ،‫ﻓﻴﻪ‬.‫وﻋﻈﻴﻢ‬ ،‫اﻟﻮﻗﻒ‬ ‫أﺻﻞ‬ ‫ﻟﺼﺤﺔ‬ ‫دﻟﻴﻞ‬ ‫وﻓﻴﻪ‬
‫ﻣﻨﻪ‬ ‫اﻻﺳﺘﻜﺜﺎر‬ ‫ﻋﲆ‬ ‫واﳊﺚ‬ ،‫اﻟﻌﻠﻢ‬ ‫ﻓﻀﻴﻠﺔ‬ ‫وﺑﻴﺎن‬ ،‫ﺛﻮاﺑﻪ‬.‫ﺗﻮرﻳﺜﻪ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫واﻟﱰﻏﻴﺐ‬
‫وا‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﺘﻌﻠﻴﻢ‬‫ﻓﺎﻷﻧﻔﻊ‬ ‫اﻷﻧﻔﻊ‬ ‫اﻟﻌﻠﻮم‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﳜﺘﺎر‬ ‫أن‬ ‫ﻳﻨﺒﻐﻲ‬ ‫وأﻧﻪ‬ ،‫واﻹﻳﻀﺎح‬ ‫ﻟﺘﺼﻨﻴﻒ‬.
‫وﻓﻴﻪ‬:،‫ﻋﻠﻴﻬﲈ‬ ‫ﳎﻤﻊ‬ ‫وﳘﺎ‬ ،‫اﻟﺼﺪﻗﺔ‬ ‫وﻛﺬﻟﻚ‬ ،‫اﳌﻴﺖ‬ ‫إﱃ‬ ‫ﺛﻮاﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﻳﺼﻞ‬ ‫اﻟﺪﻋﺎء‬ ‫أن‬
‫اﻟﺪ‬ ‫ﻗﻀﺎء‬ ‫وﻛﺬﻟﻚ‬‫ﱠ‬‫ﻳ‬ْ‫ﺳﺒﻖ‬ ‫ﻛﲈ‬ ‫ﻦ‬
)٢(
.
‫اﻟﻘﻴﻢ‬ ‫اﺑﻦ‬ ‫ﻗﺎل‬‫رﲪﻪ‬‫اﷲ‬‫اﻟﻌﻠﻢ‬ ‫ﻓﻀﻞ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬ ‫ﺣﺪﻳﺜﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﻌﺮض‬ ‫ﰲ‬:)‫ذﻛﺮﻧﺎ‬ ‫وﻗﺪ‬
‫وأ‬ ‫اﻟﻌﻠﻢ‬ ‫ﻓﻀﻞ‬ ‫ﻋﲆ‬ ‫دﻟﻴﻞ‬ ‫ﻣﺎﺋﺘﻲ‬‫أﻋﻼﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﻣﺎ‬ ‫ﻣﺮﺗﺒﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻓﻴﺎﳍﺎ‬ ‫ﻣﻔﺮد‬ ‫ﻛﺘﺎب‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﻫﻠﻪ‬،
‫وأﺳﻨﺎﻫﺎ‬ ‫أﺟﻠﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻣﺎ‬ ‫وﻣﻨﻘﺒﺔ‬،‫ﻣﺸﻐﻮﻻ‬ ‫ﺣﻴﺎﺗﻪ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫اﳌﺮء‬ ‫ﻳﻜﻮن‬ ‫أن‬ً‫أﺷﻐﺎﻟﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﺒﻌﺾ‬،
‫ﻣﺘﻤﺰﻗﺔ‬ ‫أﺷﻼء‬ ‫ﺻﺎر‬ ‫ﻗﺪ‬ ‫ﻗﱪه‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫أو‬ً‫وأوﺻﺎﻻ‬ً‫ﻣﺘﻔﺮﻗﺔ‬ً‫ﻣﺘﺰاﻳﺪة‬ ‫ﺣﺴﻨﺎﺗﻪ‬ ‫وﺻﺤﻒ‬ً،
)١(‫ﻣﺴﻠﻢ‬ ‫رواه‬)١٦٣١.(
)٢(‫ﻣﺴﻠﻢ‬ ‫ﻋﲆ‬ ‫اﻟﻨﻮوي‬ ‫ﴍح‬)١١/٨٥.(

 
‫ﻳ‬ُ‫ﻤ‬ْ‫وﻗﺖ‬ ‫ﻛﻞ‬ ‫اﳊﺴﻨﺎت‬ ‫ﻓﻴﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﲇ‬،‫ﻣﻬﺪاة‬ ‫اﳋﲑ‬ ‫وأﻋﲈل‬ً‫ﳛﺘﺴﺐ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ ‫ﺣﻴﺚ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫إﻟﻴﻪ‬،
‫ﺗﻠ‬‫واﻟﻐﻨﺎﺋﻢ‬ ‫اﳌﻜﺎرم‬ ‫واﷲ‬ ‫ﻚ‬،‫اﳌﺘﻨﺎﻓﺴﻮن‬ ‫ﻓﻠﻴﺘﻨﺎﻓﺲ‬ ‫ذﻟﻚ‬ ‫وﰲ‬،‫ﳛﺴﺪ‬ ‫وﻋﻠﻴﻪ‬
‫اﳊﺎﺳﺪون‬،‫ﻓﻀﻞ‬ ‫وذﻟﻚ‬‫اﷲ‬‫اﻟﻌﻈﻴﻢ‬ ‫اﻟﻔﻀﻞ‬ ‫ذو‬ ‫واﷲ‬ ‫ﻳﺸﺎء‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻳﺆﺗﻴﻪ‬،‫وﺣﻘﻴﻖ‬ٌ
‫ﺑﻤﺮﺗﺒﺔ‬ٍ‫ﺗ‬ ‫أن‬ ‫ﺷﺄﳖﺎ‬ ‫ﻫﺬا‬ُ‫إﻟﻴﻬﺎ‬ ‫اﻟﺴﺎﺑﻘﻮن‬ ‫وﻳﺴﺒﻖ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ‬ ‫اﻷﻧﻔﺎس‬ ‫ﻧﻔﺎﺋﺲ‬ ‫ﻨﻔﻖ‬،‫وﺗﻮﻓﺮ‬
‫اﻷوﻗﺎت‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ‬،‫اﻟﻄﻠﺒﺎت‬ ‫ﻧﺤﻮﻫﺎ‬ ‫وﺗﺘﻮﺟﻪ‬،‫ﻓﻨﺴﺄل‬‫اﷲ‬‫ﻛﻞ‬ ‫ﻣﻔﺎﺗﻴﺢ‬ ‫ﺑﻴﺪه‬ ‫اﻟﺬي‬
‫رﲪﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﺧﺰاﺋﻦ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻴﻨﺎ‬ ‫ﻳﻔﺘﺢ‬ ‫أن‬ ‫ﺧﲑ‬،‫وﻛﺮﻣﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﻤﻨﻪ‬ ‫اﻟﺼﻔﺔ‬ ‫ﻫﺬه‬ ‫أﻫﻞ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫وﳚﻌﻠﻨﺎ‬،
‫ﻳ‬ ‫اﳌﺮﺗﺒﺔ‬ ‫ﻫﺬه‬ ‫وأﺻﺤﺎب‬ُ‫ﺪ‬ْ‫ﻋ‬َ‫ﻮ‬ْ‫ن‬َ‫اﻟﺴﲈء‬ ‫ﻣﻠﻜﻮت‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﻋﻈﲈء‬،‫اﻟﺴﻠﻒ‬ ‫ﺑﻌﺾ‬ ‫ﻗﺎل‬ ‫ﻛﲈ‬
‫اﻟﺴﲈء‬ ‫ﻣﻠﻜﻮت‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﻋﻈﻴﲈ‬ ‫ﻳﺪﻋﻰ‬ ‫ﻓﺬﻟﻚ‬ ‫وﻋﻠﻢ‬ ‫وﻋﻤﻞ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻢ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ً ُ ‫ﱠ‬ ََ َ َِ
َ
ِ(
)١(
.
‫ﻫﺮﻳﺮة‬ ‫أﰊ‬ ‫وﻋﻦ‬t‫اﻟﻨﺒﻲ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬r‫ﻗﺎل‬:»‫ﰲ‬ ‫درﺟﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﻟﱰﻓﻊ‬ ‫اﻟﺮﺟﻞ‬ ‫إن‬ِ ُ َ َ ُ ُُ َ ‫ﱠ‬َ ْ ُ َ َ ‫ﱠ‬ ِ
‫ﻟﻚ‬ ‫وﻟﺪك‬ ‫ﺑﺎﺳﺘﻐﻔﺎر‬ ‫ﻓﻴﻘﺎل‬ ‫ﻫﺬا‬ ‫أﻧﻰ‬ ‫ﻓﻴﻘﻮل‬ ‫اﳉﻨﺔ‬َ ََ ِ ِ ِ
َ َِ َ ْ ‫ﱠ‬ْ ُ َِ ُ َُ َُ ََ َ ‫ﱠ‬ َْ«
)٢(
.
‫ﻫﺮﻳﺮة‬ ‫أﰊ‬ ‫وﻋﻦ‬t‫ﻗﺎل‬:‫رﺳﻮل‬ ‫ﻗﺎل‬‫اﷲ‬r:»‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫اﳌﺆﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻳﻠﺤﻖ‬ ‫ﳑﺎ‬ ‫إن‬ْ َ َ
ِ ِ ِْ ُْ ُ ‫ﱠ‬ْ َ ‫ﱠ‬ ِ
‫ﻋﻠﻤ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﲈ‬ ‫ﻣﻮﺗﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﻌﺪ‬ ‫وﺣﺴﻨﺎﺗﻪ‬ ‫ﻋﻤﻠﻪ‬َ َ َ َ‫ﱠ‬ َْ ْ ْ َ َ َ ًَ
ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ َِ َ‫وﻧﴩه‬ ‫ﻪ‬ُ َ َُ َ َ،‫ﺗﺮﻛﻪ‬ ‫ﺻﺎﳊﺎ‬ ‫ووﻟﺪا‬ُ َ َ ََ َ َ ًًِ َ،‫وﻣﺼﺤﻔﺎ‬ً َ ْ َُ
‫ورﺛﻪ‬ُ ََ ‫ﱠ‬،‫ﺑﻨﺎه‬ ‫ﻣﺴﺠﺪا‬ ‫أو‬ُ َ َْ ً ِ ْ َ َ،‫ﺑﻨﺎه‬ ‫اﻟﺴﺒﻴﻞ‬ ‫ﻻﺑﻦ‬ ‫ﺑﻴﺘﺎ‬ ‫أو‬ُ َ ْ َ َْ ًِ ِ ‫ﱠ‬ ِْ ِ َ،‫أﺟﺮاه‬ ‫ﳖﺮا‬ ‫أو‬ُ ْ َ َْ ً َْ َ،‫ﺻﺪﻗﺔ‬ ‫أو‬ً َ َ َ ْ َ
‫ﻣﻮﺗﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﻌﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻳﻠﺤﻘﻪ‬ ‫وﺣﻴﺎﺗﻪ‬ ‫ﺻﺤﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﻣﺎﻟﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫أﺧﺮﺟﻬﺎ‬ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ
ْ ْ َ ْ ُ َ َ َ ‫ﱠ‬ ْ ََ َ َ َ َُ ْ ِ َ ْ َ«
)٣(
.
»‫وﻧﴩه‬«‫اﻟﻜﺘﺐ‬ ‫ووﻗﻒ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﺄﻟﻴﻒ‬ ‫ﻳﺸﻤﻞ‬ ‫ﻓﺈﻧﻪ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻌﻠﻴﻢ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫أﻋﻢ‬ ‫ﻫﻮ‬.
)١(‫اﳍ‬ ‫ﻃﺮﻳﻖ‬‫ﺠﺮﺗﲔ‬)٥٢١.(
)٢(‫ﻣﺎﺟﻪ‬ ‫اﺑﻦ‬ ‫رواه‬)٣٦٦٠(‫اﳉﺎﻣﻊ‬ ‫ﺻﺤﻴﺢ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫وﻫﻮ‬ ،)١٦١٧.(
)٣(‫ﻣﺎﺟﻪ‬ ‫اﺑﻦ‬ ‫رواه‬)٢٢٤(‫ﻣﺎﺟﻪ‬ ‫اﺑﻦ‬ ‫ﺻﺤﻴﺢ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫اﻷﻟﺒﺎﲏ‬ ‫ﺣﺴﻨﻪ‬)١٩٨.(

 
‫اﻟﺴﻨﺪي‬ ‫ﻗﺎل‬‫رﲪﻪ‬‫اﷲ‬:»‫ووﻟﺪا‬ً َ َ َ«:‫اﻟﻮﻟ‬ ‫ﻋﺪ‬َ ‫ﱡ‬ َ‫واﻟﺘﻌﻠﻴﻢ‬ ‫اﻟﻌﻤﻞ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫اﻟﺼﺎﻟﺢ‬ ‫ﺪ‬
‫ﺣﺴﻦ‬‫؛‬‫اﳍﺪى‬ ‫إﱃ‬ ‫ﺑﺈرﺷﺎده‬ ‫ﻟﺼﻼﺣﻪ‬ ‫وﺳﺒﺐ‬ ‫وﺟﻮده‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺳﺒﺐ‬ ‫ﻫﻮ‬ ‫اﻟﻮاﻟﺪ‬ ‫ﻷن‬
‫ﺗﻌﺎﱃ‬ ‫ﻗﻮﻟﻪ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫اﻟﻌﻤﻞ‬ ‫ﻧﻔﺲ‬ ‫ﺟﻌﻞ‬ ‫ﻛﲈ‬:)+ *‫ﻗﻮﻟﻪ‬:»‫وﻣﺼﺤﻔﺎ‬ً
‫و‬َ‫ر‬‫ﱠ‬‫ﺛ‬َ‫ﻪ‬ُ«:‫اﳉﺎرﻳﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺼﺪﻗﺔ‬ ‫ﻗﺒﻴﻞ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺑﻌﺪه‬ ‫ﻣﺎ‬ ‫ﻣﻊ‬ ‫وﻫﺬا‬ ‫إرﺛﺎ‬ ‫ﺗﺮﻛﻪ‬ ‫أي‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻮرﻳﺚ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬
‫ﺛﻼث‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫إﻻ‬ ‫ﻋﻤﻠﻪ‬ ‫اﻧﻘﻄﻊ‬ ‫ﳊﺪﻳﺚ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﻟﺘﻔﺼﻴﻞ‬ ‫اﳊﺪﻳﺚ‬ ‫ﻓﻬﺬا‬ ‫ﺣﻜﲈ‬ ‫أو‬ ‫ﺣﻘﻴﻘﺔ‬.
»‫و‬َ‫ر‬‫ﱠ‬‫ﺛ‬َ‫ﻪ‬ُ«:‫ﻣﻠﻜﺎ‬ ‫وﻟﻮ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻮرﺛﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﺮﻛﻪ‬ ‫أي‬ً،‫اﻟﴩﻋﻴﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻌﻠﻮم‬ ‫ﻛﺘﺐ‬ ‫ﻣﻌﻨﺎه‬ ‫وﰲ‬
‫اﻟﺘﺴﺒﺐ‬ ‫ﺛﻮاب‬ ‫ﻟﻪ‬ ‫ﻓﻴﻜﻮن‬.
»‫ﺑﻨﺎه‬ ‫ﻣﺴﺠﺪا‬ ‫أو‬ً«:‫ﻣﻌﻨ‬ ‫وﰲ‬‫اﻟﺼﻠﺤﺎء‬ ‫ورﺑﺎط‬ ‫اﻟﻌﻠﲈء‬ ‫ﻣﺪرﺳﺔ‬ ‫ﺎه‬.
»‫اﻟﺴﺒﻴﻞ‬ ‫ﻻﺑﻦ‬ ‫ﺑﻴﺘﺎ‬ ‫أو‬ً«:‫واﻟﻐﺮﻳﺐ‬ ‫اﳌﺴﺎﻓﺮ‬ ‫أي‬.
»‫أﺟﺮاه‬ ‫ﳖﺮا‬ ‫أو‬ً«:‫اﳋﻠﻖ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﻟﻴﻨﺘﻔﻊ‬ ‫ﺟﺎرﻳﺎ‬ ‫ﺟﻌﻠﻪ‬ ‫أي‬ً.
‫ﻗﻮﻟﻪ‬»‫وﺣﻴﺎﺗﻪ‬ ‫ﺻﺤﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﰲ‬َ َ َ ‫ﱠ‬
ِ ِ«:‫ﺣﺎﻟﻪ‬ ‫ﻛﲈل‬ ‫زﻣﺎن‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫أﺧﺮﺟﻬﺎ‬ ‫أي‬،‫اﻓﺘﻘﺎره‬ ‫ووﻓﻮر‬
‫ﻣﺎﻟﻪ‬ ‫إﱃ‬،‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫اﻻﻧﺘﻔﺎع‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫وﲤﻜﻨﻪ‬.‫ﻟ‬ ‫ذﻟﻚ‬ ‫إﱃ‬ ‫ﺗﺮﻏﻴﺐ‬ ‫وﻓﻴﻪ‬‫ﺻﺪﻗﺔ‬ ‫أﻓﻀﻞ‬ ‫ﻴﻜﻮن‬
‫ﺟﻮاﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﻳﺪل‬ ‫ﻛﲈ‬r‫ﻗﺎل‬ ‫ﳌﻦ‬:‫أﺟﺮا‬ ‫أﻋﻈﻢ‬ ‫اﻟﺼﺪﻗﺔ‬ ‫أي‬ً‫؟‬‫ﻓﻘﺎل‬:»‫ﺗﺼﺪق‬ ‫أن‬
‫ﺷﺤﻴﺢ‬ ‫ﺻﺤﻴﺢ‬ ‫وأﻧﺖ‬...«‫اﳊﺪﻳﺚ‬،‫ﻋﲆ‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻮﻗﻒ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ ‫ﺟﺎرﻳﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺼﺪﻗﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻜﻮن‬ ‫وإﻻ‬
‫ذﻟﻚ‬
)١(
.
)١(‫اﳌﻔﺎﺗﻴﺢ‬ ‫ﻣﺮﻗﺎة‬)١/٤٤٢(.

 
‫اﻟﺒﺎﻫﲇ‬ ‫أﻣﺎﻣﺔ‬ ‫أﰊ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬t‫رﺳﻮل‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬‫اﷲ‬r‫ﻗﺎل‬ ‫أﻧﻪ‬:»‫ﲡﺮي‬ ‫أرﺑﻌﺔ‬ِ ْ َ ٌ َ َ ْ َ
‫اﳌ‬ ‫ﺑﻌﺪ‬ ‫أﺟﻮرﻫﻢ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻴﻬﻢ‬َْ َ ْ َ ُ ُ َْ ُ ْ ُْ ِ َ‫ﻮت‬ِ
ْ:‫ﺳﺒﻴﻞ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﻣﺮاﺑﻂ‬ِ ِ َ َ ُِ ٌ ِ‫اﷲ‬،‫ﻟﻪ‬ ‫أﺟﺮي‬ ‫ﻋﻤﻼ‬ ‫ﻋﻤﻞ‬ ‫وﻣﻦ‬ُ َ ْ َ َ ْ ََ َِ ُ ً َ َ
ِ
‫ﻋﻤﻞ‬ ‫ﻣﺎ‬ ‫ﻣﺜﻞ‬َ ُِ ِ
َ َ ْ،‫ﺟﺮت‬ ‫ﻣﺎ‬ ‫ﻟﻪ‬ ‫ﻓﺄﺟﺮﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﺑﺼﺪﻗﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﺼﺪق‬ ‫ورﺟﻞ‬ْ َ ‫ﱠ‬ ََ َ ُ ََ ُ َ ْ َ َ ُ ََ ٌَ َ ٍ َ َِ،‫وﻟﺪا‬ ‫ﺗﺮك‬ ‫ورﺟﻞ‬ً ََ ٌَ ُ ََ َ َ
‫ﻟﻪ‬ ‫ﻳﺪﻋﻮ‬ ‫ﻓﻬﻮ‬ ‫ﺻﺎﳊﺎ‬ُ ُ َ ََ ْ َ ُ َ ًِ«
)١(
.
 
‫ﳘﻚ‬ ‫ﻟﻴﻜﻦ‬‫إﻋﺪاد‬‫ﺧﲑ‬ ‫رﺟﺎل‬‫ﻣﻨﻚ‬‫ﻫﻮ‬ ‫وﻫﺬا‬‫اﻟﻘﺮآن‬ ‫ﻫﺪي‬‫ﺗﻌﺎﱃ‬ ‫ﻗﺎل‬:
qponml kjihgf
}|{zyxwvutsr
]‫اﻷﻋﺮاف‬:١٤٢[.
 
‫ﻓﻘﺪ‬‫رﺳﻮل‬ ‫اﻣﺮأة‬ ‫أﺗﺖ‬‫اﷲ‬r‫ﻓﻘﺎﻟﺖ‬ ‫ﺑﺄﻣﺮ‬ ‫ﻓﺄﻣﺮﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﳾء‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﻓﻜﻠﻤﺘﻪ‬:‫أرأﻳﺖ‬
‫رﺳﻮل‬ ‫ﻳﺎ‬‫اﷲ‬‫أﺟﺪك‬ ‫ﱂ‬ ‫إن‬‫؟‬‫ﻗﺎل‬:»‫ﻓﺄ‬ ‫ﲡﺪﻳﻨﻲ‬ ‫ﱂ‬ ‫إن‬ْ َ ِ ِ ِ َ ْ َ ْ ِ‫ﺑﻜﺮ‬ ‫أﺑﺎ‬ ‫ت‬ْ َ َ َ ِ«
)٢(
‫اﳊﻤﻴﺪي‬ ‫زاد‬ُ
‫ﺳﻌﺪ‬ ‫ﺑﻦ‬ ‫إﺑﺮاﻫﻴﻢ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬:‫ا‬ ‫ﺗﻌﻨﻲ‬ ‫ﻛﺄﳖﺎ‬‫ﳌﻮت‬.
‫أﻣﺮ‬َ ‫ﱠ‬‫رﺳﻮل‬ُ‫اﷲ‬r‫ﺣﺎرﺛﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﻦ‬ ‫زﻳﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﺆﺗﺔ‬ ‫ﻏﺰوة‬ ‫ﻋﲆ‬،‫وﻗﺎل‬:»‫زﻳﺪ‬ ‫ﻗﺘﻞ‬ ‫إن‬ٌ ْ َ َ ِ ُ ْ ِ
)١(‫أﲪﺪ‬ ‫رواه‬)٢٢٣٧٢(‫واﻟﱰﻫﻴﺐ‬ ‫اﻟﱰﻏﻴﺐ‬ ‫ﺻﺤﻴﺢ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫اﻷﻟﺒﺎﲏ‬ ‫وﺻﺤﺤﻪ‬)١١٤.(
)٢(‫اﻟﺒﺨﺎري‬ ‫رواه‬)٦٩٢٧.(

 
‫ﻓﺠﻌﻔﺮ‬ٌ َ ْ َ َ،‫ﻓﻌﺒﺪ‬ ‫ﺟﻌﻔﺮ‬ ‫ﻗﺘﻞ‬ ‫ﻓﺈن‬ُ ْ َ ْ ََ ٌَ َ َ ِ ُ ْ ِ‫اﷲ‬‫وﻋﻘﺪ‬ ،‫رواﺣﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﻦ‬َ َ َ َ‫ﳍ‬‫ﻟﻮاء‬ ‫ﻢ‬ً‫أﺑﻴﻀ‬‫ﺎ‬ً‫ودﻓﻌﻪ‬ ،
‫ﺣﺎرﺛ‬ ‫ﺑﻦ‬ ‫زﻳﺪ‬ ‫إﱃ‬‫ﺔ‬«
)١(
.
‫رﺳﻮل‬ ‫اﺳﺘﺨﻠﻒ‬‫اﷲ‬r‫ﻋﴩ‬ ‫أﺣﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫أﻛﺜﺮ‬ ‫اﻟﻐﺰوات‬ ‫أﺛﻨﺎء‬ ‫اﳌﺪﻳﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﲆ‬
‫ﺻﺤﺎﺑﻴﺎ‬ً‫ﻣﻨﻬﻢ‬:)‫ﻋﺒﺎدة‬ ‫ﺑﻦ‬ ‫ﺳﻌﺪ‬،‫ﺣﺎرﺛﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﻦ‬ ‫زﻳﺪ‬،‫ﺳﺒﺎع‬ ،‫ﻋﺒﺪاﳌﻨﺬر‬ ‫ﺑﻦ‬ ‫ﺑﺸﲑ‬
‫اﻟﻐﻔﺎري‬،‫ﻋﻔﺎن‬ ‫ﺑﻦ‬ ‫ﻋﺜﲈن‬،‫ﻣﻜﺘﻮم‬ ‫أم‬ ‫اﺑﻦ‬،‫اﻟﻐﻔﺎري‬ ‫ذر‬ ‫أﺑﻮ‬،‫ﺑﻦ‬ ‫ﻋﺒﺪاﷲ‬
‫أﰊ‬ ‫ﺑﻦ‬ ‫ﻋﺒﺪاﷲ‬،‫اﻟﻠﻴﺜﻲ‬ ‫ﻧﻤﻴﻠﺔ‬،‫ﺣﺼﲔ‬ ‫ﺑﻦ‬ ‫ﻛﻠﺜﻮم‬،‫ﻣﺴﻠﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﳏﻤﺪ‬(.
‫ﻗﺎل‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻘﻤﺔ‬ ‫وﻋﻦ‬:)‫ﻣﺴﻌﻮد‬ ‫اﺑﻦ‬ ‫ﻣﻊ‬ ‫ﺟﻠﻮﺳﺎ‬ ‫ﻛﻨﺎ‬ُ ُ ‫ﱠ‬ ُt‫ﺧﺒﺎب‬ ‫ﻓﺠﺎء‬ٌ ‫ﱠ‬ َt،
‫ﻓﻘﺎل‬َ:‫ﻳﻘﺮ‬ ‫أن‬ ‫اﻟﺸﺒﺎب‬ ‫ﻫﺆﻻء‬ ‫أﻳﺴﺘﻄﻴﻊ‬ ،‫ﻋﺒﺪاﻟﺮﲪﻦ‬ ‫أﺑﺎ‬ ‫ﻳﺎ‬‫ؤ‬‫؟‬ ‫ﺗﻘﺮأ‬ ‫ﻛﲈ‬ ‫وا‬
‫ﻗﺎل‬:‫ﻋﻠﻴﻚ‬ ‫ﻳﻘﺮأ‬ ‫ﺑﻌﻀﻬﻢ‬ ‫أﻣﺮت‬ ‫ﺷﺌﺖ‬ ‫ﻟﻮ‬ ‫إﻧﻚ‬ ‫أﻣﺎ‬.‫ﻗﺎل‬:‫أﺟﻞ‬.
‫ﻗﺎل‬:‫ﻋﻠﻘﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﻳﺎ‬ ‫اﻗﺮأ‬.
‫ﻋﻠﻘﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﻗﺎل‬:‫ﻣﺮﻳﻢ‬ ‫ﺳﻮرة‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫آﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﲬﺴﲔ‬ ‫ﻓﻘﺮأت‬.‫ﻓﻘﺎ‬‫ﻋﺒﺪاﷲ‬ ‫ل‬:‫ﻛﻴﻒ‬
‫ﺧﺒﺎب‬ ‫ﻗﺎل‬ ‫ﺗﺮى؟‬:‫أﺣﺴﻦ‬ ‫ﻗﺪ‬.‫ﻋﺒﺪاﷲ‬ ‫ﻗﺎل‬:‫ﻳﻘﺮؤه‬ ‫وﻫﻮ‬ ‫إﻻ‬ ‫ﺷﻴﺌﺎ‬ ‫أﻗﺮأ‬ ‫ﻣﺎ‬(
)٢(
.
‫اﻟﺼﻮت‬ ‫ﺣﺴﻦ‬ ‫ﻛﺎن‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻘﻤﺔ‬ ‫أن‬ ‫اﻟﺴﲑ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫وذﻛﺮوا‬.
‫ﻗﺎل‬ ‫ﲪﺰة‬ ‫أﰊ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬:‫؟‬ ‫ﻋﺒﺪاﷲ‬ ‫رأﻳﺖ‬ ‫ﻗﺪ‬ ‫أﻟﻴﺲ‬ ‫اﳌﺜﻨﻰ‬ ‫أﰊ‬ ‫ﻟﺮﺑﺎح‬ ‫ﻗﻠﺖ‬
)١(‫اﻟﺒﺨﺎري‬ ‫رواه‬)٤٠١٣.(
)٢(‫اﻟﺒﺨﺎري‬ ‫رواه‬)٤١٣٠.(

 
‫ﻗﺎل‬:‫رﺟﻞ‬ ‫وأﻧﺎ‬ ‫ﺣﺠﺎت‬ ‫ﺛﻼث‬ ‫ﻋﻤﺮ‬ ‫ﻣﻊ‬ ‫وﺣﺠﺠﺖ‬ ‫ﺑﻞ‬!!
‫ﻗﺎل‬:‫ﻋﺒ‬ ‫وﻛﺎن‬‫وﻋﻠﻘﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﺪاﷲ‬‫ﺻﻔﲔ‬ ‫اﻟﻨﺎس‬ ‫ﻳﺼﻔﺎن‬ّ ُ‫ﻓﻴ‬ ‫؛‬ُ‫رﺟﻼ‬ ‫ﻋﺒﺪاﷲ‬ ‫ﻘﺮىء‬ً،
‫وﻳ‬ُ‫رﺟﻼ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻘﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﻘﺮىء‬ً‫اﳊﻼل‬ ‫وأﺑﻮاب‬ ‫اﳌﻨﺎﺳﻚ‬ ‫أﺑﻮاب‬ ‫ﺗﺬاﻛﺮا‬ ‫ﻓﺮﻏﺎ‬ ‫ﻓﺈذا‬ ،
‫واﳊﺮام‬!!
‫ﺳﻤﺘﺎ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫اﻟﻨﺎس‬ ‫أﺷﺒﻪ‬ ،‫ﻋﺒﺪاﷲ‬ ‫ﺗﺮى‬ ‫ﻻ‬ ‫أن‬ ‫ﻳﴬك‬ ‫ﻓﻼ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻘﻤﺔ‬ ‫رأﻳﺖ‬ ‫ﻓﺈذا‬ً
‫وﻫﺪﻳﺎ‬ً.
‫اﻟﻨﺎ‬ ‫أﺷﺒﻪ‬ ،‫ﻋﻠﻘﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﺮى‬ ‫ﻻ‬ ‫أن‬ ‫ﻳﴬك‬ ‫ﻓﻼ‬ ‫اﻟﻨﺨﻌﻲ‬ ‫إﺑﺮاﻫﻴﻢ‬ ‫رأﻳﺖ‬ ‫وإذا‬‫س‬
‫ﺳﻤﺘﺎ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ً)١(
.
‫ﻗﺎل‬ ‫اﻷﻋﻤﺶ‬ ‫وﻋﻦ‬:‫ﻓﺮﻳﻀﺔ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺷﺎب‬ ‫وأﻧﺎ‬ ‫إﺑﺮاﻫﻴﻢ‬ ‫ﱄ‬ ‫ﻗﺎل‬ٍ:)‫ﻫﺬه‬ ‫اﺣﻔﻆ‬
‫ﻋﻨﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺗﺴﺄل‬ ‫ﻟﻌﻠﻚ‬(
)٢(
.
 
‫اﻟﻘﺎﴈ‬ ‫ﻳﻮﺳﻒ‬ ‫أﺑﻮ‬ ‫إﺑﺮاﻫﻴﻢ‬ ‫ﺑﻦ‬ ‫ﻳﻌﻘﻮب‬ ‫ﻗﺎل‬:‫ﺣﺒﻴﺐ‬ ‫ﺑﻦ‬ ‫إﺑﺮاﻫﻴﻢ‬ ‫أﰊ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﰲ‬
‫ﺻﻐﲑا‬ ‫وﺧﻠﻔﻨﻲ‬ً‫أﻣﻲ‬ ‫ﺣﺠﺮ‬ ‫ﰲ‬،‫ﻗﺼﺎر‬ ‫إﱃ‬ ‫ﻓﺎﺳﻠﻤﺘﻨﻲ‬ٍ‫أ‬‫ﺧﺪﻣﻪ‬،‫ﻓﻜﻨﺖ‬‫أ‬‫اﻟﻘﺼﺎر‬ ‫دع‬
‫و‬‫أ‬‫ﻓﺎﺟﻠﺲ‬ ‫ﺣﻨﻴﻔﺔ‬ ‫أﰊ‬ ‫ﺣﻠﻘﺔ‬ ‫إﱃ‬ ‫ﻣﺮ‬‫أ‬‫ﺳﺘﻤﻊ‬،‫إﱃ‬ ‫ﺧﻠﻔﻲ‬ ‫ﲡﻲء‬ ‫أﻣﻲ‬ ‫ﻓﻜﺎﻧﺖ‬
‫ﻓﺘ‬ ‫اﳊﻠﻘﺔ‬‫ﺄ‬‫اﻟﻘﺼﺎر‬ ‫إﱃ‬ ‫ﰊ‬ ‫وﺗﺬﻫﺐ‬ ‫ﺑﻴﺪي‬ ‫ﺧﺬ‬،‫ﻳ‬ ‫ﺣﻨﻴﻔﺔ‬ ‫أﺑﻮ‬ ‫وﻛﺎن‬ُ‫ﻳﺮى‬ ‫ﳌﺎ‬ ‫ﰊ‬ ‫ﻌﻨﻲ‬
)١(‫اﻟﻨﺒﻼء‬ ‫أﻋﻼم‬ ‫ﺳﲑ‬ ‫اﻧﻈﺮ‬)٤/٥٤.(
)٢(‫وﻓﻀﻠﻪ‬ ‫اﻟﻌﻠﻢ‬ ‫ﺑﻴﺎن‬ ‫ﺟﺎﻣﻊ‬)٤٨٥.(

 
‫اﻟﺘﻌﻠﻢ‬ ‫ﻋﲆ‬ ‫وﺣﺮﴆ‬ ‫ﺣﻀﻮري‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬،‫ﻫﺮﰊ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ‬ ‫وﻃﺎل‬ ‫أﻣﻲ‬ ‫ﻋﲆ‬ ‫ذﻟﻚ‬ ‫ﻛﺜﺮ‬ ‫ﻓﻠﲈ‬
‫ﺣﻨﻴﻔﺔ‬ ‫ﻷﰊ‬ ‫ﻗﺎﻟﺖ‬:‫ﻏﲑك‬ ‫ﻓﺴﺎد‬ ‫اﻟﺼﺒﻲ‬ ‫ﳍﺬا‬ ‫ﻣﺎ‬،‫ﳾ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻴﻢ‬ ‫ﺻﺒﻲ‬ ‫ﻫﺬا‬‫ﻟﻪ‬ ‫ء‬،
‫و‬‫إ‬‫ﻧﲈ‬‫أ‬‫ﻣﻐﺰﱄ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻃﻌﻤﻪ‬،‫وآﻣﻞ‬‫أ‬‫داﻧﻘﺎ‬ ‫ﻳﻜﺴﺐ‬ ‫ن‬ً‫ﻧﻔﺴﻪ‬ ‫ﻋﲆ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﻳﻌﻮد‬،‫أﺑﻮ‬ ‫ﳍﺎ‬ ‫ﻓﻘﺎل‬
‫ﺣﻨﻴﻔﺔ‬:‫ﻣ‬ُ‫ﺮ‬ِ‫ي‬ْ‫ﻫﻮ‬ ‫رﻋﻨﺎء‬ ‫ﻳﺎ‬‫اﻟﻔﺴﺘﻖ‬ ‫ﺑﺪﻫﻦ‬ ‫اﻟﻔﺎﻟﻮذج‬ ‫أﻛﻞ‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻌﻠﻢ‬ ‫ذا‬.‫ﻓﺎﻧﴫ‬َ َ‫ﻓﺖ‬
‫وﻗﺎﻟﺖ‬ ‫ﻋﻨﻪ‬‫ﻟﻪ‬:‫ﺧ‬ ‫ﻗﺪ‬ ‫ﺷﻴﺦ‬ ‫أﻧﺖ‬َ‫ﺮ‬ِ‫ﻓ‬ْ‫ﺖ‬َ‫ﻋﻘﻠﻚ‬ ‫وذﻫﺐ‬.‫ﻓﻨﻔﻌﻨﻲ‬ ‫ﻟﺰﻣﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﺛﻢ‬‫اﷲ‬
‫ﺣﺘ‬ ‫ورﻓﻌﻨﻲ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﻌﻠﻢ‬‫ﻰ‬‫ﺗﻘﻠ‬‫ﱠ‬‫أ‬ ‫وﻛﻨﺖ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﻀﺎء‬ ‫ﺪت‬‫ﻋﲆ‬ ‫ﻣﻌﻪ‬ ‫وآﻛﻞ‬ ‫اﻟﺮﺷﻴﺪ‬ ‫ﺟﺎﻟﺲ‬
‫ﻣﺎﺋﺪﺗﻪ‬،‫ﻗ‬ ‫اﻷﻳﺎم‬ ‫ﺑﻌﺾ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﻛﺎن‬ ‫ﻓﻠﲈ‬ُ‫ﺪ‬‫ﱢ‬‫م‬َ‫إ‬‫ﻓﺎﻟﻮذﺟ‬ ‫ﻫﺎرون‬ ‫ﱄ‬،‫ﺔ‬‫ﻫﺎرون‬ ‫ﱄ‬ ‫ﻓﻘﺎل‬:
‫ﻛ‬ ‫ﻳﻌﻘﻮب‬ ‫ﻳﺎ‬ُ‫ﻞ‬ْ‫ﻳ‬ ‫ﻳﻮم‬ ‫ﻛﻞ‬ ‫ﻓﻠﻴﺲ‬ ‫ﻣﻨﻪ‬ُ‫ﻌ‬ْ‫ﻤ‬َ‫ﻞ‬ْ‫ﻣﺜﻠﻪ‬ ‫ﻟﻨﺎ‬،‫ﻓﻘﻠﺖ‬:‫أﻣﲑ‬ ‫ﻳﺎ‬ ‫ﻫﺬه‬ ‫وﻣﺎ‬
‫اﳌﺆﻣﻨﲔ‬‫؟‬‫ﻓﻘﺎل‬:‫اﻟﻔﺴﺘﻖ‬ ‫ﺑﺪﻫﻦ‬ ‫ﻓﺎﻟﻮذﺟﺔ‬ ‫ﻫﺬه‬،‫ﻓﻀﺤﻜﺖ‬،‫ﱄ‬ ‫ﻓﻘﺎل‬:‫ﻣﻢ‬
‫ﺿﺤﻜﺖ‬‫؟‬‫ﻓﻘﻠﺖ‬:‫ﺧﲑ‬‫ا‬ً‫أ‬‫ﺑﻘﻰ‬‫اﷲ‬‫اﳌﺆﻣﻨﲔ‬ ‫أﻣﲑ‬،‫ﻗﺎل‬:‫و‬ ‫ﻟﺘﺨﱪﲏ‬‫أ‬‫ﻋﲇ‬ ‫ﻟﺢ‬‫ﱠ‬
‫ﺑﺎﻟﻘﺼ‬ ‫ﻓﺨﱪﺗﻪ‬‫ﺔ‬‫آﺧﺮﻫﺎ‬ ‫إﱃ‬ ‫أوﳍﺎ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬،‫وﻗﺎل‬ ‫ذﻟﻚ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻓﻌﺠﺐ‬:‫ﻟﻌﻤﺮي‬‫إ‬‫ن‬
‫دﻳﻨﺎ‬ ‫وﻳﻨﻔﻊ‬ ‫ﻟﲑﻓﻊ‬ ‫اﻟﻌﻠﻢ‬ً‫ودﻧﻴﺎ‬،‫وﻗﺎل‬ ‫ﺣﻨﻴﻔﺔ‬ ‫أﰊ‬ ‫ﻋﲆ‬ ‫وﺗﺮﺣﻢ‬:‫ﺑﻌﲔ‬ ‫ﻳﻨﻈﺮ‬ ‫ﻛﺎن‬
‫رأﺳﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﻌﲔ‬ ‫ﻳﺮاه‬ ‫ﻣﺎﻻ‬ ‫ﻋﻘﻠﻪ‬(
)١(
.
 
‫ﻋﲆ‬ ‫اﻷﺑﺤﺎث‬ ‫ﻫﺬه‬ ‫وﻗﺮاءة‬ ‫واﻟﺘﺪﻗﻴﻖ‬ ‫اﻟﺒﺤﺚ‬ ‫ﻋﲆ‬ ‫ﻟﻄﻼﺑﻪ‬ ‫اﻟﻌﺎﱂ‬ ‫ﺗﺸﺠﻴﻊ‬
‫اﳉﻤﻴﻊ‬ ‫ﻣﻨﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻳﺴﺘﻔﻴﺪ‬ ‫ﺣﺘﻰ‬ ‫ﻣﻼﺣﻈﺎﺗﻪ‬ ‫وإﺑﺪاء‬ ،‫اﻟﺸﻴﺦ‬ ‫ﺣﻀﻮر‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫اﻟﻄﻠﺒﺔ‬.
)١(‫ﺑﻐﺪاد‬ ‫ﺗﺎرﻳﺦ‬)١٤/٢٥٠.(

 
‫ﻓﻴﻬﺎ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﻮل‬ ‫ﻋﲆ‬ ‫وﺗﺸﺠﻴﻌﻬﻢ‬ ‫اﻟﻄﻼب‬ ‫ﻋﲆ‬ ‫اﳌﺴﺎﺋﻞ‬ ‫إﻟﻘﺎء‬،‫أﻗﻮاﳍﻢ‬ ‫واﺳﺘﲈع‬
‫اﻟﻨﺒﻲ‬ ‫ﻛﺎن‬ ‫ﻛﲈ‬ ،‫ﻣﻨﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﳾء‬ ‫ﺗﺴﻔﻴﻪ‬ ‫وﻋﺪم‬r‫أﺣﻴﺎﻧﺎ‬ ‫أﺻﺤﺎﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﻳﺴﺄل‬ً.
‫ﻋﻤﺮ‬ ‫اﺑﻦ‬ ‫ﻓﻌﻦ‬ُ‫ب‬‫ﻗﺎل‬:‫رﺳﻮل‬ ‫ﻗﺎل‬‫اﷲ‬r‫ﻳﻮﻣﺎ‬ً‫ﻷﺻﺤﺎﺑﻪ‬:»‫أﺧﱪوﲏ‬ِ
ُ ِ ْ َ
‫اﳌﺆﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻣﺜﻞ‬ ‫ﻣﺜﻠﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺷﺠﺮة‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬ِ ِ ٍْ ُْ ُ َُ ََ َ ََ َ ْ ََ..‫اﻟﻨﺨﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﻫﻲ‬ ‫أﳖﺎ‬ ‫ذﻛﺮ‬ ‫ﺛﻢ‬ُ َ ْ ‫ﱠ‬ َ
ِ«
)١(
.
،‫اﻷﻗﻮال‬ ‫ﻣﻨﺎﻗﺸﺔ‬ ‫وﻛﻴﻔﻴﺔ‬ ‫اﻻﺳﺘﺪﻻل‬ ‫وﻃﺮق‬ ‫اﻻﺳﺘﻨﺒﺎط‬ ‫اﻟﻄﺎﻟﺐ‬ ‫ﺗﻌﻠﻴﻢ‬
‫اﻟﻔﺮوع‬ ‫ﻋﲆ‬ ‫واﻷﺻﻮل‬ ‫اﻟﻘﻮاﻋﺪ‬ ‫وﺗﻄﺒﻴﻖ‬.
‫ا‬ ‫ﺑﻠﻮغ‬ ‫ﺑﻌﺪ‬‫درﺟﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻄﺎﻟﺐ‬ً‫ﻣﻌﻴﻨﺔ‬ً‫اﳌﺒﺘﺪﺋﲔ‬ ‫ﻋﲆ‬ ‫اﻟﺪروس‬‫ﺑﺈﻟﻘﺎء‬ ‫ﺷﻴﺨﻪ‬‫ﻟﻪ‬ ‫ﻳﺴﻤﺢ‬
‫ﺗﺪرﻳﺒﺎ‬ً‫وإﻋﺪادا‬ً‫ﻟﻪ‬،‫وﺻﻘﻼ‬ً‫ﺷﻴﺨﻪ‬ ‫ﻟﻪ‬ ‫ﻳﺴﻤﺢ‬ ‫ﻣﻌﻴﻨﺔ‬ ‫درﺟﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﻠﻎ‬ ‫ﻓﺈذا‬ ،‫ﻟﻘﺪراﺗﻪ‬
‫ﻋﻨﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻻﺳﺘﻘﻼل‬،‫اﻟﺴﻠﻒ‬ ‫ﻛﺎن‬ ‫ﻛﲈ‬ ،‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫اﳋﺎﺻﺔ‬ ‫دروﺳﻪ‬ ‫اﻟﻄﺎﻟﺐ‬ ‫ﳍﺬا‬ ‫وﻳﻜﻮن‬
‫ﳚ‬ُ‫ﻴﺰون‬‫وﻏﲑﻫﻢ‬ ‫واﻟﺸﺎﻓﻌﻲ‬ ‫ﻣﺎﻟﻚ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﻹﻣﺎم‬ ،‫اﻟﻔﺘﻮى‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﻃﻼﲠﻢ‬.
‫ﻻ‬‫اﻟﻘﻴﺎدة‬ ‫ﻋﲆ‬ ‫ﻳﺪرﲠﻢ‬ ‫ﺑﻞ‬ ‫اﻟﻌﻤﻴﺎء‬ ‫اﻟﻄﺎﻋﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﲆ‬ ‫ﻃﻼﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﻳﺮﰊ‬،‫ﲢﺘﺎج‬ ‫اﻷﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﻷن‬
‫واﻵ‬ ‫اﻟﺪﻧﻴﺎ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺳﻌﺎدﲥﺎ‬ ‫ﻓﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﳌﺎ‬ ‫ﻳﻘﻮدوﳖﺎ‬ ‫اﻟﺬﻳﻦ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﺎدة‬ ‫إﱃ‬‫ﻛﺎن‬ ‫وﻟﺬا‬ ،‫ﺧﺮة‬
‫ﻳ‬ ‫ﻗﺪﻳﲈ‬ ‫اﳋﻠﻔﺎء‬ُ،‫دوﳖﻢ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫إﱃ‬ ‫اﻟﻐﺰوات‬ ‫ﺑﻌﺾ‬ ‫وإﻣﺎرة‬ ‫اﳉﻴﻮش‬ ‫ﻗﻴﺎدة‬ ‫ﺴﻨﺪون‬
‫ﺗﺪرﻳﺒﺎ‬ً‫وﺻﻘﻼ‬ ‫ﳍﻢ‬ً‫اﻟﺮاﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﲪﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻴﻜﻮﻧﻮا‬ ‫ﻟﺸﺨﺼﻴﺎﲥﻢ؛‬‫ﺑﻌﺪﻫﻢ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬.
)١(‫اﻟﺒﺨﺎري‬ ‫رواه‬)٢٠٩٥(‫وﻣﺴﻠﻢ‬)٢٨١١.(

 
 
‫وﺗﻜﺜﲑ‬ ‫اﳊﺴﻨﺎت‬ ‫ﻟﺰﻳﺎدة‬ ‫ﻃﺮﻳﻘﺎ‬ ‫ﺗﻜﻮن‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻲ‬ ‫اﻷﺳﺒﺎب‬ ‫أﺣﺪ‬ ‫ﻓﺎﻟﻮﻗﻒ‬ً
‫واﻵﺧﺮة‬ ‫اﻟﺪﻧﻴﺎ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫اﻟﺼﺎﳊﺔ‬ ‫اﻷﻋﲈل‬.
‫واﻟﻮﻗﻒ‬:‫اﳌﻨﻔﻌﺔ‬ ‫وﺗﺴﺒﻴﻞ‬ ‫اﻷﺻﻞ‬ ‫ﲢﺒﻴﺲ‬ ‫ﻫﻮ‬
)١(
.
‫ﺑﺎﻷﺻﻞ‬ ‫واﳌﺮاد‬:‫ﻋﻴﻨﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﻘﺎء‬ ‫ﻣﻊ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫اﻻﻧﺘﻔﺎع‬ ‫ﻳﻤﻜﻦ‬ ‫ﻣﺎ‬،‫واﻟﺪﻛﺎﻛﲔ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﻟﺪور‬
‫وﻧﺤﻮﻫ‬ ‫واﻟﺒﺴﺎﺗﲔ‬‫ﺎ‬.
‫ﺑﺎﳌﻨﻔﻌﺔ‬ ‫واﳌﺮاد‬:‫اﻷﺻﻞ‬ ‫ذﻟﻚ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬ ‫اﻟﻨﺎﲡﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻐﻠﺔ‬،‫وﺳﻜﻨﻰ‬ ‫واﻷﺟﺮة‬ ‫ﻛﺎﻟﺜﻤﺮة‬
‫وﻧﺤﻮﻫﺎ‬ ‫اﻟﺪار‬.
‫اﻟﻨﺒﻲ‬ ‫ﻟﻘﻮل‬ ‫ﻣﻮاﻓﻖ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻌﺮﻳﻒ‬ ‫وﻫﺬا‬r‫ﻟﻌﻤﺮ‬t:»‫وﺳﺒﻞ‬ ‫أﺻﻠﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻓﺎﺣﺒﺲ‬ْ َ‫ﱢ‬ َ ْ ْ َْ َ َ ِ َ
‫اﻟﺜﻤﺮة‬َ َ ‫ﱠ‬«
)٢(
.
 
‫ﺗﻌﺎﱃ‬ ‫ﻗﺎل‬:-, +*)('&%$#"!
0 / .]‫ﻋﻤﺮان‬ ‫آل‬:٩٢[‫اﻟﺼﺪﻗﺎت‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫أي‬
)٣(
،‫ﻓﻬﻮ‬ ‫ﻣﻨﻬﺎ‬ ‫واﻟﻮﻗﻒ‬
‫إﻟﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﻨﺪوب‬.
)١(‫اﻟﻜﺎﰲ‬)٢/٢٥٠.(
)٢(‫اﻟﻨﺴﺎﺋﻲ‬ ‫رواه‬)٣٦٠٤(‫اﻟﻨﺴﺎﺋﻲ‬ ‫ﺳﻨﻦ‬ ‫ﺻﺤﻴﺢ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫اﻷﻟﺒﺎﲏ‬ ‫وﺻﺤﺤﻪ‬.
)٣(‫اﻟ‬ ‫ﺗﻔﺴﲑ‬‫ﻄﱪي‬)٦/٥٨٧.(

 
‫ﺗﻌﺎﱃ‬ ‫وﻗﻮﻟﻪ‬:ej i h g f
on mlk]‫اﳊﺞ‬:٧٧.[
‫ﻫﺮﻳﺮة‬ ‫أﰊ‬ ‫وﻋﻦ‬t‫رﺳﻮل‬ ‫أن‬‫اﷲ‬r‫ﻗﺎل‬:»‫اﻧﻘﻄﻊ‬ ‫اﻹﻧﺴﺎن‬ ‫ﻣﺎت‬ ‫إذا‬َ َ َ ْ ُْ َ َِ ْ َ َ ِ
‫ﺛﻼث‬‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫إﻻ‬ ‫ﻋﻤﻠﻪ‬ٍ َِ َ ْ ُ َ‫ﱠ‬ ِ ُ َ،‫ﺟﺎرﻳ‬ ‫ﺻﺪﻗﺔ‬َ ِ َ ٌَ َ َ‫ﺔ‬ٌ،‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﻳﻨﺘﻔﻊ‬ ‫وﻋﻠﻢ‬ِ ِِ ُ ََ َ ْ ُ ٌ ْ،‫ﻟﻪ‬ ‫ﻳﺪﻋﻮ‬‫ﺻﺎﻟﺢ‬ ‫ووﻟﺪ‬ُ ُ ٌ َ َ ََ َْ ٌَ
ِ«
)١(
.
‫اﻟﻨﻮوي‬ ‫ﻗﺎل‬‫رﲪﻪ‬‫اﷲ‬:)‫اﻟﻮﻗﻒ‬ ‫ﻫﻲ‬ ‫اﳉﺎرﻳﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺼﺪﻗﺔ‬(
)٢(
.
‫و‬‫ﻳﲇ‬ ‫ﻣﺎ‬ ‫أﺑﺮزﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﻋﻈﻴﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﺣﻜﻢ‬ ‫اﻟﻮﻗﻒ‬ ‫ﺳﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﺘﴩﻳﻊ‬ٌ َ ِ:
١-‫اﻟﻮﻗﻒ‬ ‫ﻳﻌﺘﱪ‬‫ﻣﺼﺪر‬‫ا‬‫ﲤﻮﻳﻠﻴ‬‫ﺎ‬‫داﺋﲈ‬،‫ﻋﺎﻣﺔ‬ ‫وﻣﻨﺎﻓﻊ‬ ‫ﺧﺎﺻﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﺼﺎﻟﺢ‬ ‫ﻟﺘﺤﻘﻴﻖ‬
‫ﻳﻤ‬ ‫اﳊﻜﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﻫﺬه‬ ‫أﺳﺎس‬ ‫وﻋﲆ‬‫وﻋﺎء‬ ‫ﺑﺄﻧﻪ‬ ‫اﻟﻮﻗﻒ‬ ‫وﺻﻒ‬ ‫ﻜﻦ‬‫ﺗ‬ُ‫ﺼ‬َ‫ﺐ‬‫ﱡ‬‫ﻓﻴﻪ‬
‫وﻣﻨﺒﻊ‬ ،‫اﻟﻌﺒﺎد‬ ‫ﺧﲑات‬ٌ‫ﺗﻜﻮن‬ ‫اﳋﲑات‬ ‫ﻫﺬه‬ ‫أن‬ ‫رﻳﺐ‬ ‫وﻻ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﳋﲑات؛‬ ‫ﻳﻔﻴﺾ‬
‫ﺣﻼل‬ ‫ﺟﻬﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬‫ﻳﻜﻮن‬‫ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ‬‫ﺣﺼﻮﳍﻢ‬‫وأن‬‫وﳑﺘﻠﻜﺎﲥﻢ‬‫اﳌﺴﻠﻤﲔ‬ ‫أﻣﻮال‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ٍ
‫اﳌﺎل‬ ‫ﻃﻴﺐ‬ ‫وﻣﻦ‬.
٢-‫ﻳﻌ‬َ ُ‫اﳌﺠﺘﻤﻌﺎت‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫أﺛﺮا‬ ‫اﻟﱪ‬ ‫أﻋﲈل‬ ‫أﻛﺜﺮ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫اﻟﻮﻗﻒ‬ ‫ﺪ‬ً ‫ﱡ‬،‫ﻓ‬‫ﻬﻮ‬‫ﲤﻮﻳﻠﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﺆﺳﺴﺔ‬
‫ﺗﻨﻤ‬‫ﻮﻳﺔ‬‫وﻟﻘﺪ‬ ،‫ﻛﺒﲑة‬‫اﻹﺳﻼﻣﻴﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﺮون‬ ‫ﻋﱪ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﺎرﳜﻴﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﺠﺮﺑﺔ‬ ‫أﺛﺒﺘﺖ‬
‫اﻟﺘﻨﻤﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﲤﻮﻳﻞ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫اﻟﻮﻗﻒ‬ ‫ﳌﺆﺳﺴﺔ‬ ‫اﳌﺘﻤﻴﺰ‬ ‫واﻟﻌﻄﺎء‬ ‫اﻟﻜﺒﲑ‬ ‫اﻟﺪور‬ ،‫اﳌﺎﺿﻴﺔ‬
‫رﻋﺎﻳﺔ‬ ‫وﰲ‬ ،‫واﳌﺠﺘﻤﻌﻴﺔ‬ ‫واﻟﺼﺤﻴﺔ‬ ‫واﻟﻌﻠﻤﻴﺔ‬ ‫واﻻﺟﺘﲈﻋﻴﺔ‬ ‫اﻻﻗﺘﺼﺎدﻳﺔ‬
)١(‫ﻣﺴﻠﻢ‬ ‫رواه‬)١٦٣١.(
)٢(‫ﻣﺴﻠﻢ‬ ‫ﻋﲆ‬ ‫اﻟﻨﻮوي‬ ‫ﴍح‬)١١/٨٥.(

 
‫واﳌﺎرﺳﺘﺎﻧﺎت‬ ‫واﳌﺪارس‬ ‫واﳌﻜﺘﺒﺎت‬ ‫اﳌﺴﺎﺟﺪ‬)‫اﳌﺴﺘﺸﻔﻴﺎت‬(‫إﱃ‬ ‫إﺿﺎﻓﺔ‬ ،
‫د‬‫واﻟﺼﻨﺎﻋﻴﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺰراﻋﻴﺔ‬ ‫واﻟﻨﻬﻀﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﺠﺎرﻳﺔ‬ ‫اﳊﺮﻛﺔ‬ ‫دﻋﻢ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫اﳌﺆﺳﺴﺔ‬ ‫ﻫﺬه‬ ‫ور‬
‫وﺟﺴﻮر‬ ‫وﻗﻨﺎﻃﺮ‬ ‫ﻃﺮق‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫اﻷﺳﺎﺳﻴﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺒﻨﻴﺔ‬ ‫وﺗﻮﻓﲑ‬.
‫أﳘﻬﺎ‬ ،‫اﺟﺘﲈﻋﻴﺔ‬ ‫آﺛﺎرا‬ ‫ﳍﺎ‬ ‫أن‬ ‫ﻛﲈ‬ً:‫واﻟﱰاﺑﻂ‬ ‫اﻻﺟﺘﲈﻋﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻜﺎﻓﻞ‬ ‫ﲢﻘﻴﻖ‬
،‫اﻟﺸﺒﺎب‬ ‫وﺗﺰوﻳﺞ‬ ،‫اﳌﺤﺘﺎﺟﲔ‬ ‫وﻣﺴﺎﻋﺪة‬ ،‫ﻟﻠﻀﻌﻔﺎء‬ ‫اﳌﺴﺎﻛﻦ‬ ‫وﺑﻨﺎء‬ ،‫اﻷﴎي‬
‫اﳌﻌﻮ‬ ‫ورﻋﺎﻳﺔ‬‫واﻟﺘﻜﻔﲔ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻐﺴﻴﻞ‬ ‫ﻟﻮازم‬ ‫وﲡﻬﻴﺰ‬ ،‫واﻟﻌﺠﺰة‬ ‫واﳌﻘﻌﺪﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﻗﲔ‬
‫اﻟﻘﺒﻮر‬ ‫وﺣﻔﺮ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻤﻮﺗﻰ‬.
٣-‫ﻋﲆ‬ ‫ﻳﻌﻤﻞ‬ ‫اﻟﻮﻗﻒ‬‫ﺗﻘ‬‫ﻮ‬‫ﻳ‬‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻫﻮ‬ ‫اﻟﺬي‬ ‫اﻟﴩﻋﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻌﻠﻢ‬ ‫ﺟﺎﻧﺐ‬ ‫واﺳﺘﻤﺮار‬ ‫ﺔ‬
‫اﻟﻨﻈﲑ‬ ‫ﻣﻨﻘﻄﻌﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻤﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺣﺮﻛﺔ‬ ‫اﻹﺳﻼﻣﻴﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺪﻋﻮة‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﺗﺒﻨﻰ‬ ‫ﻣﺎ‬ ‫أﻫﻢ‬،‫ﻓﻮﻓﺮت‬
‫ﺧﺎﻟﺪا‬ ‫إﺳﻼﻣﻴﺎ‬ ‫وﺗﺮاﺛﺎ‬ ‫ﺿﺨﲈ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻤﻴﺎ‬ ‫ﻧﺘﺎﺟﺎ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻤﺴﻠﻤﲔ‬ً ً ً ً ًً‫اﻟﻌﻠﲈء‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫وﻓﺤﻮﻻ‬ً
‫ﻛﻠﻪ‬ ‫اﻟﻌﺎﳌﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﺎرﻳﺦ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﳌﻌﻮا‬ّ.
٤-‫اﳌﺠﺘﻤﻊ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻮازن‬ ‫وإﳚﺎد‬ ‫اﻹﺳﻼﻣﻴﺔ‬ ‫اﻷﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﲔ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻜﺎﻓﻞ‬ ‫ﻣﺒﺪأ‬ ‫ﳛﻘﻖ‬ ‫اﻟﻮﻗﻒ‬
‫اﻟﻌﺎﺟﺰ‬ ‫وﻳﻌﲔ‬ ‫اﻟﻀﻌﻴﻒ‬ ‫وﻳﻘﻮي‬ ‫اﻟﻔﻘﲑ‬ ‫ﻣﻜﺎﻧﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻳﺮﻓﻊ‬ ‫ﻫﻮ‬ ‫إذ‬ّ.
٥-‫ﺗﻄﻮﻳﺮﻫﺎ‬ ‫ودﻋﻢ‬ ‫اﺣﺘﻴﺎﺟﺎﲥﺎ‬ ‫ﺑﺘﻮﻓﲑ‬ ‫ﻟﻸﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﺎﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﺼﻠﺤﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻮﻗﻒ‬ ‫ﳛﻘﻖ‬
‫ﺑﲈ‬ ‫وذﻟﻚ‬ ‫ورﻗﻴﻬﺎ‬‫اﻟﻌﻠﻤﻴﺔ‬ ‫وأﺑﺤﺎﺛﻬﺎ‬ ،‫اﻹﻧﲈﺋﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﳌﴩوﻋﺎﲥﺎ‬ ‫اﻟﻮﻗﻒ‬ ‫ﻳﻮﻓﺮه‬.
٦-‫ﻣﺪة‬ ‫ﻣﻨﻪ‬ ‫واﻻﺳﺘﻔﺎدة‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫اﻻﻧﺘﻔﺎع‬ ‫ودوام‬ ‫اﳌﺎل‬ ‫ﺑﻘﺎء‬ ‫ﺿﲈن‬ ‫ﻋﲆ‬ ‫ﻳﻌﻤﻞ‬ ‫اﻟﻮﻗﻒ‬
‫اﺳﺘﻤﺮار‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﺘﺎﱄ‬ ‫وﻓﻴﻪ‬ ‫اﻟﻌﺎﺑﺜﲔ‬ ‫ﻋﺒﺚ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫وﺣﻔﻈﻪ‬ ،‫ﻣﺘﻌﺪدة‬ ‫وأﺟﻴﺎﻻ‬ ‫ﻃﻮﻳﻠﺔ‬ً
‫اﻟﻮاﻗﻒ‬ ‫ﻟﺜﻮاب‬.

 
 
‫أﻧﺲ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬t‫ﻗﺎل‬:‫رﺳﻮل‬ ‫ﻗﺎل‬‫اﷲ‬r:»‫ﻣﺜﻞ‬ُ َ َ‫ﻳﺪرى‬ ‫ﻻ‬ ‫اﳌﻄﺮ؛‬ ‫ﻣﺜﻞ‬ ‫أﻣﺘﻲ‬َ ُ َ ‫ﱠ‬ْ َ ِ َ َْ ُ َ ِ ُ
‫آﺧﺮه‬ ‫أم‬ ‫ﺧﲑ‬ ‫أوﻟﻪ‬ُ ُ ‫ﱠ‬ُ ْ ْ
ِ َ َ
ٌ َ ُ«
)١(
،‫اﳌﻄﺮ‬ ‫ﻟﻔﻈﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﺪﻟﻮﻻت‬ ‫إن‬‫أﻟﻔﺎظ‬ ‫ﺑﻌﺾ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﻛﲈ‬ ‫اﻟﻐﻴﺚ‬ ‫أو‬
‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻣﻬﺪاة‬ ‫رﲪﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﺎﻟﻐﻴﺚ‬ ،‫اﻷﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﻫﺬه‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫اﳋﲑ‬ ‫ﻣﻜﺎﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬ ‫ﺗﻌﱪ‬ ،‫اﳊﺪﻳﺚ‬‫اﷲ‬
‫ﺧﻠﻘﻪ‬ ‫إﱃ‬ ‫ﺗﻌﺎﱃ‬،‫ﳛﻲ‬ ‫وﺑﻪ‬‫اﷲ‬‫اﻷرض‬‫ﻣﻮﲥﺎ‬ ‫ﺑﻌﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬.
‫ﳘﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﻜﻮن‬ ‫وﻫﻜﺬا‬‫زﻣﺎن‬ ‫ﻛﻞ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫اﳋﲑ‬ ‫أﻫﻞ‬،‫ﺣﺎل‬ ‫وﻟﺴﺎن‬‫أﺣﺪﻫﻢ‬:)‫إن‬‫اﷲ‬
‫ﺟﻮر‬ ‫وﻣﻦ‬ ،‫اﻟﻌﺒﺎد‬ ‫رب‬ ‫ﻋﺒﺎدة‬ ‫إﱃ‬ ،‫اﻟﻌﺒﺎد‬ ‫ﻋﺒﺎدة‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺷﺎء‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻟﻨﺨﺮج‬ ‫اﺑﺘﻌﺜﻨﺎ‬
‫اﻵﺧﺮة‬ ‫ﺳﻌﺔ‬ ‫إﱃ‬ ‫اﻟﺪﻧﻴﺎ‬ ‫ﺿﻴﻖ‬ ‫وﻣﻦ‬ ،‫اﻹﺳﻼم‬ ‫ﻋﺪل‬ ‫إﱃ‬ ‫اﻷدﻳﺎن‬(.
‫وإﻳﺎس‬ ،‫وﻗﻨﻮط‬ ،‫ﺷﺪة‬ ‫ﺣﺎل‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫اﻟﻨﺎس‬ ‫ﻳﺄﰐ‬ ‫واﻟﻐﻴﺚ‬،‫وﻫﺬه‬‫اﻹﺳﻼﻣﻴﺔ‬ ‫اﻷﻣﺔ‬
‫وﻋﻄﺎء‬ ‫ﺧﲑ‬ ‫أﻣﺔ‬،‫أ‬‫ﺗﻴﺄس‬ ‫ﻻ‬ ‫ﻣﺔ‬،‫ﺗﻠﲔ‬ ‫وﻻ‬،‫اﻟﺘﺎرﻳﺦ‬ ‫ﻣﺮ‬ ‫ﻋﲆ‬ ‫ﺗﺴﺘﻜﲔ‬ ‫وﻻ‬‫و‬ ،‫ﻟﻘﺪ‬
‫ﺑﻼﻳﺎ‬ ‫ﲠﺎ‬ ‫وﺣﻠﺖ‬ ،‫وأزﻣﺎت‬ ‫أزﻣﺎت‬ ‫اﻟﻄﻮﻳﻞ‬ ‫ﺗﺎرﳜﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫اﻹﺳﻼم‬ ‫ﺑﺪﻳﺎر‬ ‫ﻣﺮت‬
‫زﻟﺰاﳍﺎ‬ ‫اﻷرض‬ ‫وزﻟﺰﻟﺖ‬ ،‫وﻧﻜﺒﺎت‬،‫ﻣﺂزق‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫اﻷﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﻫﺬه‬ ‫ﲣﺮج‬ ‫ﻣﺮة‬ ‫ﻛﻞ‬ ‫وﰲ‬
‫ﻋﻮدا‬ ‫أﺻﻠﺐ‬ ‫ﻛﱪى‬ً،‫إﻳﲈﻧﺎ‬ ‫وأﺷﺪ‬ً،‫اﻟﻜﻴﺪ‬ ‫أﻫﻞ‬ ‫ﻳﻈﻦ‬ ‫ﻣﺮة‬ ‫ﻛﻞ‬ ‫وﰲ‬‫واﳌﻜﺮ‬‫أﳖﻢ‬
‫ﻗﺪروا‬‫ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ،وﻟﻜﻦ‬‫اﷲ‬،‫ﺑﺎﳌﺮﺻﺎد‬ ‫ﳍﻢ‬‫ﺗﻌﺎﱃ‬ ‫ﻗﺎل‬:# " !
/ . - , + * ) ( ' & % $
]‫اﻟﺘﻮﺑﺔ‬:٣٢[.
)١(‫أﲪﺪ‬ ‫رواه‬)١٢٠٥٢(‫واﻟﱰﻣﺬي‬)٢٨٦٩(‫ﰲ‬ ‫اﻷﻟﺒﺎﲏ‬ ‫وﺻﺤﺤﻪ‬ ،‫اﻟﺼﺤﻴﺤﺔ‬)٢٢٨٦.(

 
‫و‬‫اﻟﺼﺤﺎﺑﺔ‬ ‫ﺳﻤﻊ‬ ‫ﳌﺎ‬y‫ﻗﻮل‬‫اﷲ‬‫ﺗﻌﺎﱃ‬:@?]‫اﻟﺒﻘﺮة‬:
١٤٨[،‫وﻋﻼ‬ ‫ﺟﻞ‬ ‫وﻗﻮﻟﻪ‬:('&%$#"
, + * )]‫ﻋﻤﺮان‬ ‫آل‬:١٣٣[‫ذﻟﻚ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻓﻬﻤﻮا‬ ،ُ ِ َ
‫اﳌ‬‫أن‬،‫اﻟﻜﺮاﻣﺔ‬‫ﻫﺬه‬‫إﱃ‬‫ﻟﻐﲑه‬‫اﻟﺴﺎﺑﻖ‬‫ﻫﻮ‬‫ﻳﻜﻮن‬‫ﺣﺘﻰ‬،‫ﻣﻨﻬﻢ‬‫واﺣﺪ‬‫ﻛﻞ‬‫ﳚﺘﻬﺪ‬‫أن‬‫ﺮاد‬
‫ﻳﻌﻤﻞ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫رأى‬ ‫إذا‬ ‫أﺣﺪﻫﻢ‬ ‫ﻓﻜﺎن‬ ،‫اﻟﻌﺎﻟﻴﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺪرﺟﺔ‬ ‫ﻫﺬه‬ ‫ﺑﻠﻮغ‬ ‫إﱃ‬ ‫واﳌﺴﺎرع‬
‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫اﻟﻠﺤﺎق‬ ‫وﺣﺎول‬ ‫ﻧﺎﻓﺴﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﻨﻪ‬ ‫أﻛﺜﺮ‬ ‫ﻟﻶﺧﺮة‬،‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺗﻨﺎﻓﺴﻬﻢ‬ ‫ﻓﻜﺎن‬ ،‫ﳎﺎوزﺗﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﻞ‬
‫ﺗﻌﺎﱃ‬ ‫ﻗﺎل‬ ‫ﻛﲈ‬ ‫إﻟﻴﻬﺎ‬ ‫واﺳﺘﺒﺎﻗﻬﻢ‬ ،‫اﻵﺧﺮة‬ ‫درﺟﺎت‬:µ ´ ³
¶]‫اﳌﻄﻔﻔﲔ‬:٢٦.[
‫اﻟﺼﺎﻟﺢ‬ ‫واﻟﻌﻤﻞ‬ ‫اﻟﻨﺎﻓﻊ‬ ‫اﻟﻌﻠﻢ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺠﻤﻴﻊ‬ ‫أﺳﺄل‬ ‫واﷲ‬،‫وﺻﲆ‬‫اﷲ‬‫وﺳﻠﻢ‬
‫أﲨﻌﲔ‬ ‫وﺻﺤﺒﻪ‬ ‫آﻟﻪ‬ ‫وﻋﲆ‬ ‫ﳏﻤﺪ‬ ‫ﻧﺒﻴﻨﺎ‬ ‫ﻋﲆ‬ ‫وﺑﺎرك‬.

 
gs 
‫ﻣﻘﺪﻣﺔ‬٥
‫اﻟﻘﺎﴏ‬ ‫واﻟﻨﻔﻊ‬ ‫اﳌﺘﻌﺪي‬ ‫اﻟﻨﻔﻊ‬ ‫ﺑﲔ‬ ‫اﻟﻔﺮق‬٧
‫ﻟ‬ ‫ﻧﲈذج‬‫ﻸ‬‫اﻟﻨﻔﻊ‬ ‫اﳌﺘﻌﺪﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﲈل‬١٩
‫اﳌﻮت‬ ‫ﺑﻌﺪ‬ ‫ﻳﺒﻘﻰ‬ ‫ﻣﺎ‬٥٩
‫اﳋﺎﲤﺔ‬٧٣
‫اﳌﺤﺘﻮﻳﺎت‬٧٥

اترك أثراً قبل الرحيل - محمد صالح المنجد

More Related Content

What's hot

Viewers also liked

More from أذكر الله يذكرك

اترك أثراً قبل الرحيل - محمد صالح المنجد