The document discusses image compression, specifically focusing on the SPIHT (Set Partitioning in Hierarchical Trees) method proposed by Pearlman in 1996, which is a lossless compression technique. It outlines the importance of image compression for reducing data size for storage and transmission, particularly in domains like medicine. Additionally, it describes the properties of SPIHT, including high image quality, fast coding and decoding, and the ability to combine with error protection.

1. SPIHT
BY,
PRAVEEN.M.K-9913107002
1Yr M.Tech(D.C.N)
KLU
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2. What is IMAGE Compression?
Reduce the size of data.
Also, Compression is a way to reduce the number of bits
in a frame but retaining its meaning.
**(For e.g..,5Mb data is reduced to 1.47Mb.)**
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3. Need for IMAGE compression….??
For large storage requirements.(for e.g.., Encyclopedia).
Relatively used in the medical field to transfer the
patients CT-scan image. Etc..,
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4. Types:4
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5. SPIHT:
 SPIHT means Set Partitioning in Hierarchical Trees.
 This was proposed by Pearlman in 1996.
 It is an image compressing method of DWT and it belongs to lossless
compression technique.
wavelet
transform
SPIHT
encoding
original
image
bit
stream
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6. Three-Level Haar function of Wavelet
Transformation Structure(compression):6
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7. Formation of cells:
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8. ALGORITHM:
 O(i,j): set of coordinates of all offspring of node (i,j); children only
 D (i,j): set of coordinates of all descendants of node (i,j); children, grandchildren, great-
grand, etc.
 H (i,j): set of all tree roots (nodes in the highest pyramid level); parents
 L (i,j): D (i,j) – O(i,j) (all descendents except the offspring); grandchildren, great-grand,
etc.
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9. COMPRESSING OF PIXELS:
A DCB A+B C-DA-BC+D
20
17
15
16
30
31
20
22
15
21
18
22
17
19
25
18
35
33
50
53
5
1
10
9
33
43
42
37
-3
-1
-8
1
original
image
Compressed
image
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10. COMPRESSED IMAGE:10
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11. DECOMPRESSED IMAGE:11
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12. Properties of SPIHT:
 Good image quality with a high PSNR
 Fast coding and decoding
 A fully progressive bit-stream
 Can be used for lossless compression
 May be combined with error protection
 Ability to code for exact bit rate or PSNR
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13. 13
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