Special Electrical Machine
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This document discusses special electrical machines, specifically permanent magnet synchronous motors (PMSM). It defines a PMSM as a brushless motor that uses permanent magnets on the rotor rather than a field winding. The document outlines the basic construction of a PMSM, including the use of rare earth magnets on the rotor. It also describes the working principle of a PMSM, noting that it works similarly to a synchronous motor but requires an adjustable frequency power supply for starting. Applications mentioned include servo drives, robotics, traction, and aerospace.
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Special Electrical Machines
This document discusses special electrical machines, specifically permanent magnet synchronous motors (PMSM). It describes PMSM as a brushless DC motor with permanent magnets on the rotor that create magnetic poles instead of a field winding. The document outlines the basic construction and working principle of PMSM, noting that a rotating magnetic field from the stator interacts with the permanent rotor magnets to produce torque. Applications mentioned include servo drives, robotics, traction systems, and railway transportation.
Permanent magnet synchronous motor and its working
The document provides information about permanent magnet synchronous motors (PMSM), including their construction, working principle, advantages over induction motors, and applications. It discusses that a PMSM has a rotor made of permanent magnets and an identical stator to an induction motor. The rotor rotates synchronously with the supply current frequency. PMSMs have higher efficiency than induction motors due to no excitation losses. They are compact, provide good torque control and are used in applications ranging from general purpose to high performance equipment.
Reluctance motor
A reluctance motor is a type of electric motor that induces non-permanent magnetic poles on the ferromagnetic rotor. The rotor does not have any windings. It generates torque through magnetic reluctance.
Reluctance motor sub types include synchronous, variable, switched and variable stepping.
Reluctance motors can deliver high power density at low cost, making them attractive for many applications. Disadvantages include high torque ripple (the difference between maximum and minimum torque during one revolution) when operated at low speed, and noise due to torque ripple.
permanent magnet synchronous generators-
The permanent magnet synchronous generator uses permanent magnets on the rotor instead of an external excitation source. It has a simpler design without slip rings or brushes. These generators are commonly used with wind turbines, gas turbines, and hydro turbines. They have higher efficiency than generators with electromagnetic excitation due to not having excitation losses. However, large high power permanent magnet synchronous generators can be more expensive than other types.
Pmsg
The permanent magnet synchronous generator uses permanent magnets on the rotor instead of an external excitation source. It has a simpler design without slip rings or brushes. These generators are commonly used with wind turbines, gas turbines, and hydro turbines. They have higher efficiency than generators with electromagnetic excitation due to not having excitation losses. However, large high power permanent magnet synchronous generators can be more expensive than other types.
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TOPIC 4.1- A.C. Motors.pptx
This document provides an overview of AC motors and their types. It discusses the basic principles of how electric motors work by using magnets to create motion. There are two main types of AC motors: synchronous motors and induction motors. Induction motors are further divided into single-phase and three-phase induction motors. Three-phase induction motors are the most common and can have either a squirrel cage or wound rotor. Synchronous motors rotate at a constant synchronous speed regardless of load but require special mechanisms to be self-starting. The document compares the characteristics and applications of different AC motor types.
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Special Electrical Machines
This document discusses special electrical machines, specifically permanent magnet synchronous motors (PMSM). It describes PMSM as a brushless DC motor with permanent magnets on the rotor that create magnetic poles instead of a field winding. The document outlines the basic construction and working principle of PMSM, noting that a rotating magnetic field from the stator interacts with the permanent rotor magnets to produce torque. Applications mentioned include servo drives, robotics, traction systems, and railway transportation.
Permanent magnet synchronous motor and its working
The document provides information about permanent magnet synchronous motors (PMSM), including their construction, working principle, advantages over induction motors, and applications. It discusses that a PMSM has a rotor made of permanent magnets and an identical stator to an induction motor. The rotor rotates synchronously with the supply current frequency. PMSMs have higher efficiency than induction motors due to no excitation losses. They are compact, provide good torque control and are used in applications ranging from general purpose to high performance equipment.
Reluctance motor
A reluctance motor is a type of electric motor that induces non-permanent magnetic poles on the ferromagnetic rotor. The rotor does not have any windings. It generates torque through magnetic reluctance.
Reluctance motor sub types include synchronous, variable, switched and variable stepping.
Reluctance motors can deliver high power density at low cost, making them attractive for many applications. Disadvantages include high torque ripple (the difference between maximum and minimum torque during one revolution) when operated at low speed, and noise due to torque ripple.
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The permanent magnet synchronous generator uses permanent magnets on the rotor instead of an external excitation source. It has a simpler design without slip rings or brushes. These generators are commonly used with wind turbines, gas turbines, and hydro turbines. They have higher efficiency than generators with electromagnetic excitation due to not having excitation losses. However, large high power permanent magnet synchronous generators can be more expensive than other types.
Pmsg
The permanent magnet synchronous generator uses permanent magnets on the rotor instead of an external excitation source. It has a simpler design without slip rings or brushes. These generators are commonly used with wind turbines, gas turbines, and hydro turbines. They have higher efficiency than generators with electromagnetic excitation due to not having excitation losses. However, large high power permanent magnet synchronous generators can be more expensive than other types.
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This document discusses squirrel cage induction motors (SCIMs), including their working principles and classifications. SCIMs are a type of three-phase induction motor that uses a "squirrel cage" rotor. The rotating magnetic field produced by the stator induces currents in the squirrel cage rotor, causing it to spin. SCIMs are classified into six classes based on their electrical characteristics, with Class A having high efficiency but also high starting current, while Class C "double cage" motors provide high starting torque with low starting current.
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The document discusses three-phase induction motors. It begins by explaining that induction motors are the most common electric motors used in industry due to their simple and rugged design. It then covers the basic principles of operation, describing how a rotating magnetic field induces current in the rotor. It discusses the two main types - squirrel cage and wound rotor - and describes their construction features. The document also covers motor speed, how it is lower than synchronous speed due to slip, and the similarities and differences between induction motors and transformers. It concludes by listing the main power losses that occur in induction machines.
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This document provides an overview of AC motors and their types. It discusses the basic principles of how electric motors work by using magnets to create motion. There are two main types of AC motors: synchronous motors and induction motors. Induction motors are further divided into single-phase and three-phase induction motors. Three-phase induction motors are the most common and can have either a squirrel cage or wound rotor. Synchronous motors rotate at a constant synchronous speed regardless of load but require special mechanisms to be self-starting. The document compares the characteristics and applications of different AC motor types.
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This document discusses different types of AC motors. It describes induction motors, including single-phase and three-phase induction motors. Three-phase induction motors can have either a squirrel cage or wound rotor. Synchronous motors are also discussed, which rotate at a constant synchronous speed. While synchronous motors have high efficiency, they require auxiliary equipment to allow for self-starting. The document compares different AC motor types and provides examples of their common applications.
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This is not the perfect presentation but can be used for overview presentation for seminar presentation in colleges
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1) AC motors can be categorized as induction motors or synchronous motors. Induction motors are the most common type and can be single-phase or three-phase.
2) Three-phase induction motors have a stationary stator and a rotating rotor. The rotor can be a squirrel cage design or wound rotor design. Squirrel cage rotors are simpler and require less maintenance.
3) Synchronous motors rotate at exactly the same speed as the frequency of the power supply. They are more efficient than induction motors but require an external mechanism to start rotating.
Electrical machines iii
1. The document discusses synchronous machines which are used as AC generators and motors. It describes the construction of synchronous machines including salient pole and round rotor types.
2. An equation for the induced EMF in a synchronous generator is derived. Key factors affecting the EMF like pitch factor and distribution factor are explained.
3. The operation of synchronous generators is discussed when connected to loads. The effect of load power factor on the phase relationship between induced EMF and current is summarized.
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The document discusses different types of electrical motors. It describes DC motors, including brushed and brushless types. It also covers AC motors like synchronous and induction motors. Stepper motors are also summarized, including permanent magnet and variable reluctance types. The key properties and applications of each motor type are highlighted at a high level.
synchronous motor for presentation
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With respect of designing a PMSG, the permanent magnetic pole lies on the rotor and armature winding are in the inner part of stator that is electrically connected to the load. Armature winding consists of the set of three conductors which has phase difference 120 derg apart to each other and providing a uniform force or torque on the generator’s rotor. To operate PMGS, it is connected to wind turbine through a shaft without gear box and rotate at slow speed. This uniform torque produced by the resultant magnetic flux which induces current in the armature winding. The stator magnetic field combined spatially with rotor magnetic flux and rotates as the same speed of the rotor. So the two magnetic fields synchronously rotate in PGSM to maintain the relative motion of rotor and stator.
Thus the permanent magnets rotates at constant speed without any DC excitation system, which means it has not required any slip rings and contact brushes to make it more reliability or efficient.
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1. The document discusses synchronous machines, including their construction, types of prime movers, and excitation systems. It describes salient pole and cylindrical rotors, as well as different winding configurations like distributed, integral slot, and fractional windings.
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This document provides information about DC motors, including:
1. It describes the basic components and functioning of a DC motor, including how electrical energy is converted to mechanical energy through the interaction of a magnetic field and current-carrying conductors.
2. The key parts of a DC motor are identified as the yoke, poles, field winding, armature core, armature winding, commutator, and brushes. The function of each part is explained.
3. Different types of DC motors are described, including shunt motors, series motors, and compound motors. Their characteristics and applications are summarized.
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(1) A symmetrical fault occurs on bus 3 of a 3-bus system.
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(3) For a fault impedance of j0.19 p.u., the fault current is calculated to be -j2.5 p.u. and the post-fault bus voltages are determined.
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The document summarizes the key aspects of synchronous motors. It describes how synchronous motors synchronize the rotation of their shaft to the frequency of the AC power supply. There are two main types: non-excited motors which use the stator magnetic field to induce poles on the steel rotor, and DC-excited motors which require a separate DC source to excite the rotor. Synchronous motors have advantages over other motors like constant speed operation and unity power factor, and they are commonly used where precise constant speed is required, like in power generation and precision machinery.
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With respect of designing a PMSG, the permanent magnetic pole lies on the rotor and armature winding are in the inner part of stator that is electrically connected to the load. Armature winding consists of the set of three conductors which has phase difference 120 derg apart to each other and providing a uniform force or torque on the generator’s rotor. To operate PMGS, it is connected to wind turbine through a shaft without gear box and rotate at slow speed. This uniform torque produced by the resultant magnetic flux which induces current in the armature winding. The stator magnetic field combined spatially with rotor magnetic flux and rotates as the same speed of the rotor. So the two magnetic fields synchronously rotate in PGSM to maintain the relative motion of rotor and stator.
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This document provides information about permanent magnet synchronous machines. It discusses the benefits of using permanent magnets in electrical machines, including higher efficiency and power density. It classifies permanent magnets and describes different types of permanent magnet synchronous machines, focusing on their construction aspects like rotor configuration (radial, axial, transverse), rotor position (inner rotor, outer rotor), and permanent magnet positioning (surface mounted, buried, inset). It also provides the operating principle, equivalent circuit model and voltage equations for permanent magnet synchronous machines.
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Robust Intrusion Detection Systems (IDS) are necessary for early threat detection and mitigation because
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detection in smart grids. The proposed approach is a combination of the Convolutional Neural Network
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train and test our model. The results of our experiments show that our CNN-LSTM method is much better
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our proposed approach improves accuracy, precision, recall, and F1 score, achieving a high detection
accuracy rate of 99.50%.
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Special Electrical Machine
- 1. Special electrical machines Prepared by, A.Johny Renoald M. E., Ph.D.,
- 2. Electrical machine • A electrical machine consumes electrical energy to do a specific work or it convert electrical energy to other forms like mechanical energy, light energy, heat etc.,
- 3. Special Electrical Machines Types Permanent Magnet DC Motor 1. PM synchronous motor 2.PM brushless DC motor Reluctance motors 3. Synchronous reluctance 4.Switched Reluctance Stepping motors 5. Single stack multi-machine 6. Multi stack multi-machine
- 5. Permanent magnet DC Motors
- 14. PMSM • Depending on how magnets are attached to the rotor, PMSM motors can be classified into • Two types: Surface PMSM (SPMSM) and interior PMSM (IPMSM). • Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor, PMSM is a kind of synchronous motor in which permanent magnet is used as rotor to create field poles. No field winding is wound on the rotor.
- 15. of Switching power 1950’s • Advent transistor replaced and SCR in the with mechanical electrical in the form of commutator commutator inverter. PMSM
- 16. • The main advantage when compared with the conventional synchronous elimination of the field machine is the coil, dc supply, and slip rings; hence, lower loss and a less complex motor. PMSM
- 17. INTRODUCTION A permanent magnet synchronous motor is also called as brushless permanent magnet sine wave motor. A sine wave motor has a 1. Sinusoidal or quasi-sinusoidal distribution of magnetic flux in the air gap. 2. Sinusoidal or quasi-sinusoidal current wave forms. 3. Quasi-sinusoidal distribution of stator conductors (i.e.) short-pitched and distributed or concentric stator windings.
- 19. Construction • The basic construction of PMSM is same as that of synchronous motor. The only difference lies with the rotor. Unlike synchronous motor, there is no filed winding on the rotor of PMSM. Field poles are created by using permanent magnet. These Permanent magnets are made up of high permeability and high coercivity materials like Samarium-Cobalt and Neodium-Iron-Boron. Neodium-Iron-Boron is mostly used due to its ease of availability effectiveness. Theses permanent magnets and cost are mounted on the rotor core.
- 20. Working principle • The working principle of permanent magnet synchronous motor is same as that of synchronous motor. When three phase winding of stator is energized from 3 phase supply, rotating magnetic field is set up in the air gap. At synchronous speed, the rotor field poles locks with the rotating magnetic field to produce torque and hence rotor continues to rotate. • As we know that synchronous motors are not self starting, PMSM needs to be started somehow. Since there is no winding on the rotor, induction windings for starting is not applicable for such motors and therefore variable frequency power supply for this purpose.
- 21. Application: Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor can be used as an alternative for servo drives. It is widely used in various industrial application viz. robotics, traction, aerospace etc.
- 22. EMF and Torque equation
- 23. Torque equation in PMSM
- 34. Application in railway traction