Sensory processing disorder is a neurological condition where the brain has difficulty regulating and organizing sensory information. It can be caused by prematurity, difficult prenatal or postnatal environments, birth trauma, or a lack of sensory experiences. Children with SPD may have trouble with tasks, transitions, focusing attention, touch sensitivity, sound sensitivity, and may display behaviors like hand flapping or excessive movement. They are often misdiagnosed with conditions like ADHD when the underlying issue is sensory processing. Teachers and parents should seek to understand the behaviors as a form of communication from the child and explore occupational therapy as an alternative to medication.