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agreement of adjectives
Adjectives in Spanish must agree in gender and number with the nouns they describe. Adjectives take different forms depending on whether the noun is masculine or feminine, singular or plural. Adjectives ending in -o have four forms to account for all combinations of gender and number. Adjectives ending in -e or consonants typically have two forms, changing the ending to mark plural but not gender. The correct form of the adjective is like an equation that matches attributes of the noun.
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agreement of adjectives
- 1. Just the facts! Aboutadjectives in Spanish.
- 2. OK, so what’sthe scoop on adjectives
- 3. You know thatnouns in Spanish have gender. masculine el libro el muchacho feminine la casa la muchacha
- 4. They also havenumber. singular el libro la muchacha plural los libros las muchachas
- 5. Well, here’s theway it is...adjectives have to agree with whatever they tell about!
- 6. The noun is masculine,then the adjective is masculine
- 7. The noun is feminine,then the adjective is feminine
- 8. The noun is singular,then the adjective is singular.
- 9. The noun isplural, then the adjective is plural.
- 10. What if thenoun is feminine AND plural?
- 11. Then the adjective isfeminine and plural.
- 12. Are you tellingme that this is like an equation in math?
- 13. Yeah, yeah.... masculine noun= masculine adjective feminine noun = feminine adjective singular noun = singular adjective plural noun = plural adjective Kinda like that.....
- 14. OK, give mesome more facts.
- 15. Let’s check outhow to talk about a boy, then a girl. • el muchacho alto • la muchacha alta
- 16. What about morethan one boy and more than one girl? • los muchachos altos • las muchachas altas
- 17. Many common adjectivesend in -o. These adjectives have four forms. The following words all mean “red:” • rojo • roja • rojos • rojas
- 18. The correct formof the adjective depends upon the noun it modifies. Is the noun masculine or feminine? Singular or plural? • el teléfono rojo • la casa roja • los teléfonos rojos • las casas rojas
- 19. Notice how theendings are the same: el teléfono rojo la casa roja los teléfonos rojos las casas rojas
- 20. What about adjectives thatend in e... like inteligente?
- 21. Easy. Adjectives that endin -e also change form for singular or plural. To form the plural, simply add -s la muchacha inteligente las muchachas inteligentes
- 22. Easier yet...adjectives thatend in -e do not change form for masculine or feminine. el muchacho inteligente la muchacha inteligente los muchachos inteligentes las muchachas inteligentes
- 23. In much thesame way, most adjectives that end in a consonant do change form for singular or plural, but do not change for masculine or feminine. To form the plural, add -es. el muchacho popular la muchacha popular los muchachos populares las muchachas populares
- 24. OK...let’s wrap upthis story. Give me the 411.
- 25. Here it is... •Adjectives ending in -o have four forms: alto, alta, altos, altas • Adjectives ending in -e have two forms: inteligente, inteligentes (form plural by adding –s) • Most adjectives ending in a consonant have two forms: popular, populares (form plural by adding -es)