This document discusses using rock wool as a sound absorbing material in floors. It provides background on building acoustics and defines rock wool. It describes the manufacturing process for rock wool and its properties as a thermal and acoustic insulator. Key points covered include using rock wool bats between floor joists, its fire resistance, recycled content, and importance for both thermal and sound insulation.
This document provides information on various sound insulation materials, including their characteristics, pricing, sizes, and intended uses. Glass mineral wool is made from recycled glass, limestone and soda ash to form fine strands that are bound together. It has good tear strength and is lightweight with low environmental impact. Rock mineral wool is made from volcanic rock and recycled slag, and has high compressive strength. It can be used for thermal insulation and fire protection. Foamed plastics like extruded polystyrene are made through an extrusion process and have high compressive strength, water resistance and freeze-thaw performance. Products like Quiet Batt and Studio Pro are high-performance sound absorbing insulation materials used residentially and commercially.
Auditorium: A Case Study on Acoustic Design Reportjisunfoo
The document discusses various acoustical phenomena relevant to auditorium design including:
1. Reverberation, which is the collection of reflected sounds in an enclosed space like an auditorium. Reverberation time is used to characterize it.
2. Attenuation, which is the loss of sound energy through scattering and absorption as sound waves interact with surfaces.
3. Echoes and flutter echoes, which are distinct reflected sounds that can degrade audio quality if not properly controlled through design.
4. Sound intensity and sound pressure, which are measures of sound energy levels important for human perception of sound.
The document examines these phenomena to understand how acoustic design of spaces like auditoriums can optimize
The document discusses various types of acoustic materials used for soundproofing, including sound absorbers, diffusers, barriers, and reflectors. It provides examples of common materials for each type such as acoustic foam panels, fabric wrapped panels, ceiling tiles, and mineral wool rolls for absorbers. For diffusers it mentions pyramidal, quadratic, and polycylindrical styles. Barriers include mass loaded vinyl, composite foams, and metal sheet curtains. Price ranges and specifications are given for many products.
This document discusses various topics related to sound and noise, including:
1. It defines key terms like wavelength, transverse and longitudinal waves, simple harmonic motion, velocity of sound waves, wave characteristics and properties.
2. It describes the characteristics of sound including intensity, pitch, quality and scales of measurement.
3. It discusses behavior of sound in enclosures, reflection, echoes, dispersion, and sound shadows.
4. It also covers topics like common indoor and outdoor noise levels, permissible noise exposure, sonometers, absorption coefficients, resonance absorbers, and reverberation time.
The document discusses various acoustic panel materials and their properties that can be used to improve acoustics in auditoriums. It describes acoustic panels made of sound absorbing cotton and aluminum frames that provide wide frequency sound absorption. It also mentions decorative acoustic wall panels that have both acoustic and decorative functions. Acoustic tiles, drywall, carpet, foam and eco-friendly absorption materials are outlined with their acoustic properties and applications in rooms where optimal sound is desired such as recording studios, theaters and meeting halls. Seating for auditoriums is also covered, describing molded foam, finishes and numbered/identified seats for ease of use.
The document discusses the acoustics considerations for designing movie theatres. It outlines that acoustics involves the study of sound and how to achieve good acoustics in buildings. For theatres, important aspects include flooring, wall and ceiling finishes, and furniture layout. The document then provides details on acoustic flooring systems, wall fabrics and panels, ceiling tiles, and theatre seating options that help enhance sound quality. It also presents a case study of the acoustics design for a multiplex theatre in Gurgaon, India, covering its structure, plan, section details, and electrical, lighting and fire safety systems.
This document discusses timber flooring. It begins by defining timber flooring as flooring made of wood. It then discusses the history of timber flooring from the Baroque Era to modern trends. It describes different types of timber flooring like strip, wood block, parquet and plank flooring. It also discusses joists, construction details, joinery details, characteristics, advantages and disadvantages of timber flooring. In the end, it provides sketches illustrating different timber floor constructions and common joint types used in timber flooring.
The document describes the analysis and design of a multi-purpose auditorium using STAAD.Pro v8i software. The auditorium will have a plinth area of 1900 sqm, seating capacity of 750, and height of 7.325m. It will be constructed using M30 grade concrete and Fe-500 steel. Bored cast-in-situ piles will be used for foundations. The STAAD model was generated and loads like dead, live, and wind loads were applied. Beams, columns, slabs, and foundations were designed to meet code requirements. Acoustic design considerations like reverberation time, echo reduction, and sound absorption were also addressed.
This document provides information on various sound insulation materials, including their characteristics, pricing, sizes, and intended uses. Glass mineral wool is made from recycled glass, limestone and soda ash to form fine strands that are bound together. It has good tear strength and is lightweight with low environmental impact. Rock mineral wool is made from volcanic rock and recycled slag, and has high compressive strength. It can be used for thermal insulation and fire protection. Foamed plastics like extruded polystyrene are made through an extrusion process and have high compressive strength, water resistance and freeze-thaw performance. Products like Quiet Batt and Studio Pro are high-performance sound absorbing insulation materials used residentially and commercially.
Auditorium: A Case Study on Acoustic Design Reportjisunfoo
The document discusses various acoustical phenomena relevant to auditorium design including:
1. Reverberation, which is the collection of reflected sounds in an enclosed space like an auditorium. Reverberation time is used to characterize it.
2. Attenuation, which is the loss of sound energy through scattering and absorption as sound waves interact with surfaces.
3. Echoes and flutter echoes, which are distinct reflected sounds that can degrade audio quality if not properly controlled through design.
4. Sound intensity and sound pressure, which are measures of sound energy levels important for human perception of sound.
The document examines these phenomena to understand how acoustic design of spaces like auditoriums can optimize
The document discusses various types of acoustic materials used for soundproofing, including sound absorbers, diffusers, barriers, and reflectors. It provides examples of common materials for each type such as acoustic foam panels, fabric wrapped panels, ceiling tiles, and mineral wool rolls for absorbers. For diffusers it mentions pyramidal, quadratic, and polycylindrical styles. Barriers include mass loaded vinyl, composite foams, and metal sheet curtains. Price ranges and specifications are given for many products.
This document discusses various topics related to sound and noise, including:
1. It defines key terms like wavelength, transverse and longitudinal waves, simple harmonic motion, velocity of sound waves, wave characteristics and properties.
2. It describes the characteristics of sound including intensity, pitch, quality and scales of measurement.
3. It discusses behavior of sound in enclosures, reflection, echoes, dispersion, and sound shadows.
4. It also covers topics like common indoor and outdoor noise levels, permissible noise exposure, sonometers, absorption coefficients, resonance absorbers, and reverberation time.
The document discusses various acoustic panel materials and their properties that can be used to improve acoustics in auditoriums. It describes acoustic panels made of sound absorbing cotton and aluminum frames that provide wide frequency sound absorption. It also mentions decorative acoustic wall panels that have both acoustic and decorative functions. Acoustic tiles, drywall, carpet, foam and eco-friendly absorption materials are outlined with their acoustic properties and applications in rooms where optimal sound is desired such as recording studios, theaters and meeting halls. Seating for auditoriums is also covered, describing molded foam, finishes and numbered/identified seats for ease of use.
The document discusses the acoustics considerations for designing movie theatres. It outlines that acoustics involves the study of sound and how to achieve good acoustics in buildings. For theatres, important aspects include flooring, wall and ceiling finishes, and furniture layout. The document then provides details on acoustic flooring systems, wall fabrics and panels, ceiling tiles, and theatre seating options that help enhance sound quality. It also presents a case study of the acoustics design for a multiplex theatre in Gurgaon, India, covering its structure, plan, section details, and electrical, lighting and fire safety systems.
This document discusses timber flooring. It begins by defining timber flooring as flooring made of wood. It then discusses the history of timber flooring from the Baroque Era to modern trends. It describes different types of timber flooring like strip, wood block, parquet and plank flooring. It also discusses joists, construction details, joinery details, characteristics, advantages and disadvantages of timber flooring. In the end, it provides sketches illustrating different timber floor constructions and common joint types used in timber flooring.
The document describes the analysis and design of a multi-purpose auditorium using STAAD.Pro v8i software. The auditorium will have a plinth area of 1900 sqm, seating capacity of 750, and height of 7.325m. It will be constructed using M30 grade concrete and Fe-500 steel. Bored cast-in-situ piles will be used for foundations. The STAAD model was generated and loads like dead, live, and wind loads were applied. Beams, columns, slabs, and foundations were designed to meet code requirements. Acoustic design considerations like reverberation time, echo reduction, and sound absorption were also addressed.
This document discusses acoustics and sound insulation in buildings. It defines acoustics as the science of sound, including how sound is generated, propagated, and perceived. Sound insulation aims to prevent the transmission of noise between spaces. Key techniques for sound insulation discussed include using absorbing materials, double wall constructions with cavities or insulation, floating floors with resilient materials or air gaps, and suspended ceilings with air spaces above the floor. Proper insulation of walls, floors, ceilings, doors, and windows is necessary to control noise transmission in residential buildings.
The document discusses different types of partition walls used to divide interior spaces in buildings. It describes timber stud, metal stud, drywall, glass block, and block partitions. Timber stud partitions can be plaster skimmed, dry-lined, or partially glazed. Metal stud partitions are lightweight but strong, consisting of a metal framework covered in plasterboard or fire-resistant sheeting. Glass block partitions are made of translucent glass blocks laid in mortar, sometimes with reinforcement. Block partitions are constructed from masonry blocks.
Partition walls are used to divide interior spaces. They can be load-bearing or non-load bearing. Common types include timber, brick, clay block, concrete, glass, and metal partitions. Timber partitions use a wooden framework, while brick partitions come in plain, reinforced, and nogging styles. Clay block and concrete partitions use hollow blocks or precast panels. Glass partitions employ sheets or hollow blocks for visibility and soundproofing. Metal partitions make use of metal lath and plaster or steel framing. Proper installation of the chosen partition wall type is important for strength and function.
Wood is an effective acoustic material due to its ability to absorb and dampen sound vibrations through internal friction within its cellular structure. The Sydney Opera House effectively utilizes various types of wood in its construction to enhance acoustic performance, including white birch plywood panels in the concert hall ceiling which help reduce echoes, and brush box timber used for wall panels and floors for its warm color, grain, durability and acoustic insulation. The architect designed the Sydney Opera House interiors primarily with wood to provide acoustic warmth and contrast to the heavy concrete shells.
Sound insulation of buildings(10 10-'15)Ankita Sikder
This document discusses sound insulation in buildings. It defines noise and describes how noise is transmitted through air, building structures, and structural members. It differentiates between sound insulation and sound absorption. Acceptable noise levels are outlined for different building types like hospitals, classrooms, and residences. Construction methods for sound insulation are described, including walls, floors, windows, doors, and machine mounting. Walls can be made of rigid, porous, or double materials. Floors can use resilient surfaces or floating constructions. Windows and doors work best when air tight. Proper placement of buildings and isolation of noise sources are also important for sound insulation.
“a science that deals with the production, control, transmission, reception, and effects of sound.”
it is the science of controlling sound within buildings.
This document discusses different types of partition walls, including brick partition walls. There are three main types of brick partition walls: plain brick, reinforced brick, and brick nogging. Plain brick walls are half brick thick laid in stretcher bond and plastered on both sides. Reinforced brick walls include iron or steel reinforcement every third or fourth course to increase strength. Brick nogging walls have a timber framework with half bricks fitted between. The document provides details on the construction process and advantages and disadvantages of each type of brick partition wall. It also briefly discusses other wall finishes and materials like wood panelling, cement plaster, laminate, and tile cladding.
Street furniture includes elements placed in public spaces for user enjoyment and circulation control. Examples include benches, bollards, signage, and lighting. The document discusses various types of street furniture components and materials, including bollards made from cast iron, steel, composite materials, and stainless steel. It also covers the design of seating, shelters, litter bins, and other fixtures, providing principles for accessibility and wayfinding. The selection of materials and placement of street furniture should enhance the user experience while allowing clear pedestrian access.
This document discusses sound insulation in buildings. It defines noise and sound insulation, and explains that sound insulation materials work to reduce transmission of sound through walls, floors, and partitions, while sound absorbers reduce reflection. General considerations for sound insulation include locating buildings away from noise sources, planning room layouts, using resilient flooring, and installing expansion joints. Common sound insulating materials are rigid materials like masonry, porous materials, and flexible porous materials like felt and mineral wool. Vertical barriers like walls and partitions can be insulated using techniques like cavity wall construction, double walls, and porous partition walls. Noise control in residential buildings involves siting away from noise, using landscaping, limiting hard surfaces, false ceilings, isol
This document discusses different types of wall cladding materials including stone, tile, and metal cladding. It provides details on stone cladding such as types of stone, advantages like durability and aesthetics, and disadvantages like maintenance costs. Tile cladding is described as a versatile option that comes in panels or tiles, is durable, insulating, and can be used for exteriors and interiors. Metal cladding such as aluminum composite panels and copper are discussed, along with advantages like aesthetics, durability and energy efficiency, and disadvantages like need for maintenance and fastener selection. Installation methods like attached, curtain wall, and infill systems are also summarized.
Description of various types of partition and their method of installation with their pros and cons.
Types of adhesives with their detailed description.
Partition walls are non-load bearing walls that divide rooms or spaces. They provide privacy, occupy less space, and are lighter and cheaper than load-bearing walls. Good partition walls are thin, provide sound and sight privacy, and are made of durable, fire resistant and insulated materials. Common materials for partition walls include brick, hollow blocks, concrete, glass, wood, strawboard, plaster, metal and drywall. Movable and portable partition walls allow spaces to be reconfigured easily.
Room acoustics and sound absorption materialsPankaj Kumar
1) The document discusses different methods for calculating reverberation time in rooms and auditoriums, including based on room dimensions, materials, and total sound absorption.
2) It provides formulas for calculating reverberation time based on room volume, total absorption, and other factors. The optimal reverberation time for an auditorium with 5000 cubic meters volume is given as 0.8 seconds.
3) Different types of sound absorbing materials are described, including porous materials like fiberboards and mineral wools, non-perforated panel absorbers, and cavity/Helmholtz resonators. Examples and properties of each type are outlined.
Architectural typologies have developed in the North East as factors of tradition , climate and functionality. The materials used are locally available materials like bamboo, cane , cane leaves, mud, and lime. Of late, bricks. stone chips, rock slabs, surkhi etc. are also being used. Sloping roofs are a common architectural feature in all the architectural typologies because of high rainfall in the North East .
Construction of this type of house generally takes place in the dry season / winters. Sourcing of construction materials like thatch/timber/bamboo are collected during winters only.
Bamboo/wooden posts are erected and then beams/logs are connected and rafters placed and tied up.
The whole community participates in the construction of this type of house. Indigenous/traditional tools are used in the construction. Generally nails or other steel materials are not used for making connections between various members.
The construction of this type of housing takes place ina single phase. Typically, the building is originally not designed for its final constructed size
Ankushrao Landge Natyagruh is an auditorium located in Bhosari, Maharashtra that was inaugurated in 2008. It has a capacity of 952 viewers in a fan-shaped, two-level theater and was built by Pimpri-Chinchwad Municipal Corporation. The 51,000 square foot facility features excellent acoustics and is centrally air conditioned. It serves as a major cultural hub for the community, hosting various theatrical and cultural events.
Acoustics Material Study - Architectural Acoustics - NIT TrichySabarathinam Kuppan
This document discusses various materials used for acoustic treatment of noise, including acoustic foams, polyurethane foams, asbestos products, balsa wood, brickwork, clinker block, concrete, lightweight concrete, glass, foamed glass, glass fibre wool, gypsum, mineral wool, lead sheets, lead/foam sandwiches, lead-loaded plastic sheets, and leaded plastics. It provides details on the sound absorbing and insulating properties of these materials.
he ROCKWOOL™ provided event at the Marshall County Facility and The Peabody Memphis; hosted by Todd Kimmel along with Keith P. Nelson and presented by ROCKWOOL™.
Thank you for your attendance, participation, and discussions, at the Cladding Summit. We sincerely hope that you found the presentations informative and engaging.
ROCKWOOL is committed to the continued development of high value educational presentations and seminars. Your thoughts and feedback will help to improve our efforts to deliver more value for you and future participants.
This document discusses acoustics and sound insulation in buildings. It defines acoustics as the science of sound, including how sound is generated, propagated, and perceived. Sound insulation aims to prevent the transmission of noise between spaces. Key techniques for sound insulation discussed include using absorbing materials, double wall constructions with cavities or insulation, floating floors with resilient materials or air gaps, and suspended ceilings with air spaces above the floor. Proper insulation of walls, floors, ceilings, doors, and windows is necessary to control noise transmission in residential buildings.
The document discusses different types of partition walls used to divide interior spaces in buildings. It describes timber stud, metal stud, drywall, glass block, and block partitions. Timber stud partitions can be plaster skimmed, dry-lined, or partially glazed. Metal stud partitions are lightweight but strong, consisting of a metal framework covered in plasterboard or fire-resistant sheeting. Glass block partitions are made of translucent glass blocks laid in mortar, sometimes with reinforcement. Block partitions are constructed from masonry blocks.
Partition walls are used to divide interior spaces. They can be load-bearing or non-load bearing. Common types include timber, brick, clay block, concrete, glass, and metal partitions. Timber partitions use a wooden framework, while brick partitions come in plain, reinforced, and nogging styles. Clay block and concrete partitions use hollow blocks or precast panels. Glass partitions employ sheets or hollow blocks for visibility and soundproofing. Metal partitions make use of metal lath and plaster or steel framing. Proper installation of the chosen partition wall type is important for strength and function.
Wood is an effective acoustic material due to its ability to absorb and dampen sound vibrations through internal friction within its cellular structure. The Sydney Opera House effectively utilizes various types of wood in its construction to enhance acoustic performance, including white birch plywood panels in the concert hall ceiling which help reduce echoes, and brush box timber used for wall panels and floors for its warm color, grain, durability and acoustic insulation. The architect designed the Sydney Opera House interiors primarily with wood to provide acoustic warmth and contrast to the heavy concrete shells.
Sound insulation of buildings(10 10-'15)Ankita Sikder
This document discusses sound insulation in buildings. It defines noise and describes how noise is transmitted through air, building structures, and structural members. It differentiates between sound insulation and sound absorption. Acceptable noise levels are outlined for different building types like hospitals, classrooms, and residences. Construction methods for sound insulation are described, including walls, floors, windows, doors, and machine mounting. Walls can be made of rigid, porous, or double materials. Floors can use resilient surfaces or floating constructions. Windows and doors work best when air tight. Proper placement of buildings and isolation of noise sources are also important for sound insulation.
“a science that deals with the production, control, transmission, reception, and effects of sound.”
it is the science of controlling sound within buildings.
This document discusses different types of partition walls, including brick partition walls. There are three main types of brick partition walls: plain brick, reinforced brick, and brick nogging. Plain brick walls are half brick thick laid in stretcher bond and plastered on both sides. Reinforced brick walls include iron or steel reinforcement every third or fourth course to increase strength. Brick nogging walls have a timber framework with half bricks fitted between. The document provides details on the construction process and advantages and disadvantages of each type of brick partition wall. It also briefly discusses other wall finishes and materials like wood panelling, cement plaster, laminate, and tile cladding.
Street furniture includes elements placed in public spaces for user enjoyment and circulation control. Examples include benches, bollards, signage, and lighting. The document discusses various types of street furniture components and materials, including bollards made from cast iron, steel, composite materials, and stainless steel. It also covers the design of seating, shelters, litter bins, and other fixtures, providing principles for accessibility and wayfinding. The selection of materials and placement of street furniture should enhance the user experience while allowing clear pedestrian access.
This document discusses sound insulation in buildings. It defines noise and sound insulation, and explains that sound insulation materials work to reduce transmission of sound through walls, floors, and partitions, while sound absorbers reduce reflection. General considerations for sound insulation include locating buildings away from noise sources, planning room layouts, using resilient flooring, and installing expansion joints. Common sound insulating materials are rigid materials like masonry, porous materials, and flexible porous materials like felt and mineral wool. Vertical barriers like walls and partitions can be insulated using techniques like cavity wall construction, double walls, and porous partition walls. Noise control in residential buildings involves siting away from noise, using landscaping, limiting hard surfaces, false ceilings, isol
This document discusses different types of wall cladding materials including stone, tile, and metal cladding. It provides details on stone cladding such as types of stone, advantages like durability and aesthetics, and disadvantages like maintenance costs. Tile cladding is described as a versatile option that comes in panels or tiles, is durable, insulating, and can be used for exteriors and interiors. Metal cladding such as aluminum composite panels and copper are discussed, along with advantages like aesthetics, durability and energy efficiency, and disadvantages like need for maintenance and fastener selection. Installation methods like attached, curtain wall, and infill systems are also summarized.
Description of various types of partition and their method of installation with their pros and cons.
Types of adhesives with their detailed description.
Partition walls are non-load bearing walls that divide rooms or spaces. They provide privacy, occupy less space, and are lighter and cheaper than load-bearing walls. Good partition walls are thin, provide sound and sight privacy, and are made of durable, fire resistant and insulated materials. Common materials for partition walls include brick, hollow blocks, concrete, glass, wood, strawboard, plaster, metal and drywall. Movable and portable partition walls allow spaces to be reconfigured easily.
Room acoustics and sound absorption materialsPankaj Kumar
1) The document discusses different methods for calculating reverberation time in rooms and auditoriums, including based on room dimensions, materials, and total sound absorption.
2) It provides formulas for calculating reverberation time based on room volume, total absorption, and other factors. The optimal reverberation time for an auditorium with 5000 cubic meters volume is given as 0.8 seconds.
3) Different types of sound absorbing materials are described, including porous materials like fiberboards and mineral wools, non-perforated panel absorbers, and cavity/Helmholtz resonators. Examples and properties of each type are outlined.
Architectural typologies have developed in the North East as factors of tradition , climate and functionality. The materials used are locally available materials like bamboo, cane , cane leaves, mud, and lime. Of late, bricks. stone chips, rock slabs, surkhi etc. are also being used. Sloping roofs are a common architectural feature in all the architectural typologies because of high rainfall in the North East .
Construction of this type of house generally takes place in the dry season / winters. Sourcing of construction materials like thatch/timber/bamboo are collected during winters only.
Bamboo/wooden posts are erected and then beams/logs are connected and rafters placed and tied up.
The whole community participates in the construction of this type of house. Indigenous/traditional tools are used in the construction. Generally nails or other steel materials are not used for making connections between various members.
The construction of this type of housing takes place ina single phase. Typically, the building is originally not designed for its final constructed size
Ankushrao Landge Natyagruh is an auditorium located in Bhosari, Maharashtra that was inaugurated in 2008. It has a capacity of 952 viewers in a fan-shaped, two-level theater and was built by Pimpri-Chinchwad Municipal Corporation. The 51,000 square foot facility features excellent acoustics and is centrally air conditioned. It serves as a major cultural hub for the community, hosting various theatrical and cultural events.
Acoustics Material Study - Architectural Acoustics - NIT TrichySabarathinam Kuppan
This document discusses various materials used for acoustic treatment of noise, including acoustic foams, polyurethane foams, asbestos products, balsa wood, brickwork, clinker block, concrete, lightweight concrete, glass, foamed glass, glass fibre wool, gypsum, mineral wool, lead sheets, lead/foam sandwiches, lead-loaded plastic sheets, and leaded plastics. It provides details on the sound absorbing and insulating properties of these materials.
he ROCKWOOL™ provided event at the Marshall County Facility and The Peabody Memphis; hosted by Todd Kimmel along with Keith P. Nelson and presented by ROCKWOOL™.
Thank you for your attendance, participation, and discussions, at the Cladding Summit. We sincerely hope that you found the presentations informative and engaging.
ROCKWOOL is committed to the continued development of high value educational presentations and seminars. Your thoughts and feedback will help to improve our efforts to deliver more value for you and future participants.
This document discusses sound insulation and soundproofing. It defines key terms like sound, decibel, and reverberation. Sound insulation refers to reducing sound transmission through building elements like walls and floors. Different materials have varying abilities to absorb or block sound transmission. Common sound insulating materials include glass/rock wool, foamed plastics, quiet batts, and studio foam. Proper room arrangement, solid walls, planning for single-story structures, balcony placement, and courtyards can help reduce unwanted noise in buildings. Mass and rigidity help materials resist sound, while openings decrease sound blocking ability.
Sound insulation is the process of soundproofing an enclosed space to prevent sound from filtering in or out. Various materials can be used for sound insulation like fiberglass wool, rock wool, glass wool, mass loaded vinyl, cork, green glue and foam panels. These materials work by absorbing, reflecting or damping sound vibrations. Sound insulation is important in environments like recording studios, homes and offices to reduce noise transfer between spaces and for human health and safety.
Glass wool is a thermal and acoustic insulation material made from sand and recycled glass that is melted and spun into fine fibers. It consists of fibers over 5μm in length with a length-to-width ratio of at least 3:1. Glass wool fibers are used primarily for home and building insulation but also for industrial applications, equipment insulation, and acoustic insulation. The manufacturing process involves melting raw materials and extruding fibers through holes, which are then attenuated to their final diameter. Glass wool is a commonly used insulation material but precautions should be taken due to the potential for skin and respiratory irritation from fibers.
The document provides information about various miscellaneous materials that will be covered in a group presentation by Group 7. It includes sections on asbestos, plaster of Paris, abrasives, cork, bitumen, asphalt, and road metal. Asbestos is described as a naturally occurring fibrous mineral. Plaster of Paris is formed when gypsum is calcined, turning it into a powder that can be molded when wet. Abrasives are hard materials used for shaping other materials and come in natural forms like diamond or synthetic forms. Cork comes from oak bark and is light, elastic, and impermeable. Asphalt is a sticky, black petroleum product used mainly for road construction. Road metal refers to broken
This document contains a syllabus covering eco-friendly building materials, indoor environmental quality, and the reuse and recycling of construction waste. It discusses various eco-friendly materials like earthen materials, engineered wood, bamboo, straw bale and their properties. It also covers indoor environmental quality factors like indoor air quality, lighting, acoustics and their importance for building occupants' health, comfort and productivity. Finally, it outlines strategies for reusing and recycling common construction waste materials like wood, asphalt, gypsum wallboard, metals and concrete.
This document provides information about insulation, including what it is, how it works, and its benefits. It discusses how insulation slows the flow of heat, cold, and noise. Insulation works by trapping still air in pockets that retard heat transfer. The document recommends using glasswool or rockwool batt insulation, which is sustainable and can last the lifetime of a home if properly installed. It also discusses reflective foil laminates, and notes insulation's advantages like improved comfort and energy cost savings.
Mineral wool is a common acoustic panel material made from molten glass or stone that is spun into flexible fibers and processed into boards. It has high porosity and sound absorption properties dependent on its composition, thickness, and mounting. Mineral wool boards can be used in acoustic ceilings and are highly fire resistant due to preventing convection and providing a physical barrier to heat transfer. As a porous material, mineral wool controls noise by allowing sound waves to enter its fabric where friction dissipates the sound energy as heat.
Thermal insulation is used in air conditioning systems to reduce heat transfer. It prevents heat gain or loss through piping and helps inhibit condensation. Insulation materials include fiberglass, mineral wool, cellulose, polyurethane foam, and polystyrene. Each material has advantages - fiberglass is cheap but requires safe handling; cellulose is fire resistant and eco-friendly; and polyurethane foam performs well overall but has environmental impacts. The document evaluates the properties and applications of common insulation materials.
This is a presentation about our company, dasso, and our bamboo products, as well as projects we have done in the past with renowned architects and designers. We would like to to share this presentation to show the importance of bamboo, and how it's used in various industries across the world.
This document discusses various thermal insulating materials used in building construction including their properties and applications. It describes common insulating materials like cellulose, fiberglass, rock wool, polystyrene, and urethane foam. It also covers heat transfer fundamentals and discusses factors to consider when selecting an insulating material like climate, cost, durability, ease of installation, and environmental impact. The document provides classifications of insulating materials by structure and form.
Vinyl flooring is a type of resilient flooring that is easy to install and provides sound reduction properties. It is available in widths of 6 or 12 feet and contains polyvinyl chloride as well as other components. Vinyl flooring offers excellent shock absorption, sound insulation, durability and cleanability. Glass wool is an insulating material made from glass fibers arranged using a binder. It has high thermal and acoustic insulation properties due to trapped air pockets. Chicken wire mesh is a flexible honeycomb structure used to reinforce plaster by preventing cracking from thermal expansion. It is available in different mesh sizes and wire diameters in roll form. Multiwood is a waterproof and termite-proof composite material that can be used for interior decoration
The document describes several innovative building and acoustic materials, including:
1) Translucent concrete that transmits light and makes interior spaces feel more open.
2) High-performance concrete with increased strength and flexibility.
3) Pervious concrete that allows water to drain through its porous texture.
4) Acoustic panels made from recycled materials that help absorb sound.
5) Lightweight and durable composite boards made from agricultural waste.
The document provides an introduction to advanced building materials. It discusses how materials are becoming more intelligent, interactive and responsive. It then classifies advanced building materials into intelligent materials that can sense and respond on their own, and interactive materials that require external commands to function. The document lists several material trends and properties of advanced materials, and outlines the aims and scope of studying these materials for sustainable construction. It provides examples of specific advanced materials like aerogel, lotusan paint and others, describing their composition, characteristics and applications.
The document summarizes the traditional and modern methods for finishing basements. Traditionally, basements were finished with wood framing, fiberglass insulation, and plastic vapor barriers. However, this approach can trap moisture and lead to mold and rot issues. Modern methods use prefabricated wall panels like SMARTWALL that are designed based on building science principles to manage moisture. SMARTWALL uses semi-permeable vapor barriers, encapsulated framing to prevent thermal bridging, moisture-resistant drywall, and graphite-infused insulation to create a safe, dry, and energy efficient finished basement.
This document discusses eco-friendly building materials and techniques. It defines eco-friendly materials as those that cause minimal harm to the environment compared to alternatives. Specific eco-friendly materials and techniques mentioned include bamboo, recycled materials, and methods that aid energy efficiency or are renewable/biodegradable. The document also provides detailed information about gypsum board, including its manufacturing process, properties, uses in construction and medicine, types, and advantages of dropped ceilings that use gypsum board.
Urban rail transit is an all-encompassing term for various types of local rail systems providing passenger service within and around urban or suburban areas. The set of urban rail systems can be roughly subdivided into the following categories, which sometimes overlap because some systems or lines have aspects of multiple types.
urban railway system
railway transportation system
history of railway transportation
importance of railway transportation
railway transportation in ghana
urban rail transport
Benefits of Town Planning. 1. Promotes security. Town planners usually have to consider threats like storm surges and floods when planning resources within a town. Extreme ... 2. Increases attractiveness. Cities are also planned by considering the aesthetics. Planners enhance the attractiveness of a ...
planning in management ppt
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The National Capital Region (French: Région de la capitale nationale), also referred to as Canada's Capital Region and Ottawa–Gatineau (formerly Ottawa–Hull), is an official federal designation for the Canadian capital of Ottawa, Ontario, the neighbouring city of Gatineau, Quebec, and surrounding urban and rural communities.
georgia regions ppt
types of regions ppt
Concentric Zone Model Theory and Its Limitations. Concentric Zone Model Theory was created by sociologist EW Burgess in 1925. Based on a study of land use patterns and social group in Chicago. City grows outward beginning with the CBD. Similar & functionally related activities will locate at the same distance from CBD.
concentric zone theory paper
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Transit Oriented Development is the exciting fast growing trend in creating vibrant, livable, sustainable communities. Also known as TOD, it's the creation of compact, walkable, pedestrian-oriented, mixed-use communities centered around high quality train systems.
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The growing significance of portable systems to limit power consumption in ultra-large-scale-integration chips of very high density, has recently led to rapid and inventive progresses in low-power design. The most effective technique is adiabatic logic circuit design in energy-efficient hardware. This paper presents two adiabatic approaches for the design of low power circuits, modified positive feedback adiabatic logic (modified PFAL) and the other is direct current diode based positive feedback adiabatic logic (DC-DB PFAL). Logic gates are the preliminary components in any digital circuit design. By improving the performance of basic gates, one can improvise the whole system performance. In this paper proposed circuit design of the low power architecture of OR/NOR, AND/NAND, and XOR/XNOR gates are presented using the said approaches and their results are analyzed for powerdissipation, delay, power-delay-product and rise time and compared with the other adiabatic techniques along with the conventional complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) designs reported in the literature. It has been found that the designs with DC-DB PFAL technique outperform with the percentage improvement of 65% for NOR gate and 7% for NAND gate and 34% for XNOR gate over the modified PFAL techniques at 10 MHz respectively.
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train and test our model. The results of our experiments show that our CNN-LSTM method is much better
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Embedded machine learning-based road conditions and driving behavior monitoringIJECEIAES
Car accident rates have increased in recent years, resulting in losses in human lives, properties, and other financial costs. An embedded machine learning-based system is developed to address this critical issue. The system can monitor road conditions, detect driving patterns, and identify aggressive driving behaviors. The system is based on neural networks trained on a comprehensive dataset of driving events, driving styles, and road conditions. The system effectively detects potential risks and helps mitigate the frequency and impact of accidents. The primary goal is to ensure the safety of drivers and vehicles. Collecting data involved gathering information on three key road events: normal street and normal drive, speed bumps, circular yellow speed bumps, and three aggressive driving actions: sudden start, sudden stop, and sudden entry. The gathered data is processed and analyzed using a machine learning system designed for limited power and memory devices. The developed system resulted in 91.9% accuracy, 93.6% precision, and 92% recall. The achieved inference time on an Arduino Nano 33 BLE Sense with a 32-bit CPU running at 64 MHz is 34 ms and requires 2.6 kB peak RAM and 139.9 kB program flash memory, making it suitable for resource-constrained embedded systems.
Embedded machine learning-based road conditions and driving behavior monitoring
Sound absorbing material
1. [Type the document title] sound absorbing material in floor
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SOUND ABSORBING
MATERIAL IN FLOOR
SEMINAR REPORT
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
I would like to acknowledge head of the civil department for her invaluable guidance
during the course of this project work.
I would like to express my sincere thanks to Asst prof…… from the Department
of Civil Engineering at ……College of engineering for her help, guidance and assistance
in all stages of this project. The constant encouragement, support and inspiration she
offered me were fundamental to my project work.
I would like to thank all the lecturers in the ….. College of engineering from
whom I learned much and developed my skills.
Finally, I would like to thank all those who gave me advice or assistance that
contributed to my project.
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ABSTRACT
The present scenario of living is different from the earlier ages in many sorts of
features; expedited technological growth has caused us to live between machines, their
operations and in an environment synchronized with their relationships with us. The
rising use of automation and fabricated methodologies has impacted us in a variety of
ways. The result being less pleasant environments in terms of polluted resources,
increased exposure to toxins and not to mention the ever growing increased auditory of
sound. While our forefathers lived in relative tranquility, we are subjected to an
incredible increase in the sources of noise and noise intensity both inside & outside our
buildings, often with serious and harmful effects. This over exposure to sound has
forced to devise techniques and methodologies in order to control and mitigate over
hearing conditions. Hence “Acoustics” can be defined as a science of sound, which deals
with origin, propagation and auditory sensation of sound, and also with design &
construction of different building units to set optimum conditions for producing
&listening speech, music, etc. the study of acoustics is a very necessary discipline these
days as it employs designing interiors of auditoriums, theatres, and other structures to
enhance their audacity features.
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CONTENTS
SL NO DESCRIPTION PAGE No:
1 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT 3
2 ABSTRACT 4
3 Chapter 1 INTRODUCTION 5
4 Chapter 2 METHODOLOGY 6-19
5 Chapter-3 CONCLUSION 20
6 REFERENCE 21
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CHAPTER 1
INTRODUCTION
Building acoustics is the science of controlling noise in buildings. This includes the
minimization of noise transmission from one space to another and the control of the
characteristics of sound within spaces themselves.
Building acoustics are an important consideration in the
design, operation and construction of most buildings, and can have a significant impact
on health and wellbeing, communication and productivity. They can be particularly
significant in spaces such as concert halls, recording studios, and lecture theatres and so
on, where the quality of sound and its intelligibility are very important.
Building acoustics can be influenced by:
The geometry and volume of a space.
The sound absorption, transmission and reflection characteristics of surfaces enclosing
the space and within the space.
The sound absorption, transmission and reflection characteristics
of materials separating spaces.
The generation of sound inside or outside the space.
Airborne sound transmission.
Impact noise.
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CHAPTER-2
METHODOLOGY
Install bats between joist webs, on top of the bottom flanges, use bat width that
corresponds to the joist spacing.
Install bats snug around any pipes located in the joist cavity area.
Use rigid wire insulation stays between bottom flanges, 24” on-centre and no
more than 6 inches from bat ends, to assist in insulation support.
When necessary, cut mineral wool insulation with serrated knife or table saw.
Glass fiber insulation may not be substituted for mineral wool insulation as fire
resistant component.
Compressing mineral wool to a 2 inch thickness to fit under mechanical pipe /
ducts does not compromise the fire resistance if the bats remain tight to top of the
bottom flanges.
2.1 ROCK WOOL
It is a general name for fibrous materials that are formed in by spinning or drawing
molten material or rock materials such as slanged ceramics.
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Rockwool is an inorganic insulator made from stones or rocks by blowing a jet of steam
through molten rock (such as siliceous rock or limestone) or slag. More advanced
production methods involve spinning molten rock in high-speed spinning heads
Applications of rock wool include thermal insulation (as both structural
insulation and pipe insulation, though it is not as fire-resistant as high-temperature
insulation wool), filtration, soundproofing, and hydroponic growth medium..
Rockwool is widely used as a soilless growing medium for plants and comes in various
forms and various sizes to suit various types of gardens, including Rockwool slabs,
Rockwool cubes, and loose Rockwool chunks. Cubes are popular for starting seeds, and
once they germinate and become seedlings, the cubes can be transplanted into slabs
Rockwool is a popular soilless growing medium for gardening and hydroponics because
it holds water well and allows air to circulate the root zone for exceptional plant growth.
Its strength makes it suitable for root support. In the hydroponics industry, Rockwool
competes with other types of grow mediums like grow stones, clay pebbles, coco coir,
Oasis cubes, floral foam, vermiculite, perlite, and gravel.
Rockwool is lightweight, and can be reused. It provides a sterile growing environment for
plants, and although it starts out with a naturally high pH, with proper conditioning its pH
can be stabilized to make it suitable for plant growth.
The fibers in Rockwool are abrasive and can release micro particles that can irritate or
itch when in contact with the skin. For this reason, growers will often soak the Rockwool
before planting. Furthermore, Rockwool should not be used in residential areas with high
moisture levels (such as most basements) because fibers can absorb moisture and become
a medium for mold growth.
In addition to being a popular soilless grow medium, Rockwool is used in a wide array of
applications and products due to its very high melting point and because it is an excellent
insulator. For example, it is often used for fireproofing, fire stops, and other temperature-
sensitive applications such as cooking appliances. When sourcing Rockwool for your
hydroponics system, do a little bit of research beforehand to make sure you end up with
horticultural-grade Rockwool.
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2.2 MANUFACTURING PROCESSOF ROCKWOOL
Blast furnace slag and other materials are both heated and re-melted in a cupola or
electric arc furnace at 1,500 - 1,600℃, or else after being removed from the blast furnace
the molten slag is kept at approximately the same high temperature and is allowed to flow
out from the bottom of the furnace. The molten slag is then blown to form fibers by
centrifugal force or similar means. The fibrous rock wool is collected in a collection
chamber. The process to create the final product differs depending on the application. To
create “granulated wool,” the rock wool is separated and granulated. To create “formed
products” such as board or mat shapes for housing applications, binder is added to the
wool and it is hardened in a curing oven and adjusted to a fixed density and thickness.
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2.3 FEATURES OF ROCKWOOL
Made from natural, sustainable material
Typically contains up to 75 percent recycled content
Retains heat well and traps air, which slows the transfer of heat
Non-combustible and fire resistant to about 1,400 degrees
Highly water repellent
Excellent sound-deadening properties
Higher insulating value than fibreglass
Long-term performance—rock wool doesn’t degrade over time
Allows moisture to escape (which deters mold and mildew)
2.4 IMPORATANCE OF ROCKWOOL INSULATION
Rock Wool Insulation could be the best choice for proper insulation of your cavity or
frame walls, roof rafter or lot. Bearing in mind that lately people pay much more
attention to insulation, but not only thermal insulation which is the primary goal that
everyone have in mind when choosing an insulation material, but also acoustic insulation
which can also be very important, especially of party walls and floors. This is where rock
wool insulation can be very effective, considering its properties and performances in both
thermal and acoustic insulation. But before choosing this type of insulation material,
there are some things you should know about regarding the material itself and its varieties
and applications.
Definition
Rock wool insulation implies a specific manufacturing process of rock wool (also
known as mineral or stone wool), which is made by using molten rock (usually basalt), a
binder and usually a little oil to decrease appearance of dust. All the materials are placed
inside a vertical furnace and heated at very high temperatures of approximately 1600° C.
The result is producing mineral or rock wool consisted of fine fibres which are then
processed into final product packed into rolls or slabs. The characteristics of rock wool
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insulation will furthermore depend on its density, since the manufacturing process
enables to achieve different densities formed into various shapes.
Rock wool is a fire resistant material thanks to high temperatures used in the melting
process, so it is often used for preventing fire from spreading due to its ability to block
heat transfer. This is important, since if used properly, rock wool insulation will not only
protect your home, but also have positive effects on energy consumption. Bearing in
mind its ability to retain water, this could present a problem on one hand which can
effectively be dealt with if the water is able to drain out, but keeping in mind that moist
and water does not have consequences to rock wool insulation properties. On the other
hand this property of rock wool has made it very popular for hydroponics and
horticulture use. Rock wool insulation is also eco-friendly, not only because it is
recyclable, but also because it generates only a small amount of waste (not only
manufacturing but also installation waste), since materials can be reused in the
manufacturing process. Rock wool insulation has many applications, but is especially
efficient when used for masonry cavity and timber frame walls, roof rafter insulation,
loft and suspended floor insulation or acoustic separation
of flats.
Classification
Rockwool offers a wide set of products created from
natural volcanic rock, including:
Cavity Insulation Slabs available in 50 mm, 80 mm
and 100 mm sizes, which are very easy to install, water repellent and fire resistant,
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with overall great thermal and fire insulation, non-combustible and thus has very
wide application, especially in buildings up to 12 m high, or even buildings 12-25 m
high if certain conditions are met.
Flexi Insulation Slab in 50 mm and 100 mm
sizes. Flexi insulation slabs are easy to install and
handle, compatible with every width, due to its
patented flexi edge, produce no waste, especially
applicable to partitions where they provide both
fire and acoustic benefits and often used to reduce
noise, applicable to walls, partitions, roofs and floors.
RWA45 Slab and RW5 Universal Insulation Slab,
both available in two sizes, 50 mm and 100 mm. This
type of rock wool insulation is very easy to install and
requires no maintenance, cost-effective water repellent
and can resist temperatures of up to 230° C, used for
roofs, walls, floors, ventilation plant and acoustic ceiling
and partition panels.
Earth wool RS45 (available in four different
sizes, 25 mm, 50 mm, 75 mm and 100 mm), RS60
Universal Insulation Slab and Earthwool
RS100 Universal Insulation Slab (available in
two sizes, 50 mm and 100 mm), used for internal
partitions, between timber and metal stubs and
rafter and floor joists. It is very lightweight and thus easy to install and cut to right
size, odorless and rot proof, it has high vapor resistance, can be used at temperatures
of up to 850° C, depending on the density and
classified as non-combustible.
Earth wool Flexible Insulation Slabs, available in
50 mm and 100 mm sizes, used for internal
partitions, between timber and metal stubs and
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rafter and floor joists, available in weatherproof packaging, making it easy to unload
and store outside, widely applicable and moisture tolerant.
DriTherm 32 Ultimate Cavity
Slab (available in 65 mm, 75 mm, 85 mm
and 100 mm sizes) and DriTherm 37
Standard Cavity Slab (available in 65 mm
and 100 mm sizes), used for thermal
insulation of masonry cavity external walls,
in buildings up to 12m high in any exposure
zone or multi-storey applications up to 25m in height, odourless, rot proof and non-
hygroscopic, has virtually no vapor resistance, allowing your wall to breathe, contains
a water repellent silicone binder ensuring that no liquid water can reach the inner leaf
of masonry and represents no known threat to the environment.
Earth wool Acoustic Insulation Roll, available in 50 mm, 75 mm and 100 mm sizes,
used for sound insulation of separating walls, separating floors, internal floors and
timber and metal stud partitions, has excellent
acoustic and sound absorption properties,
dimensioned to suit studs and joists at 400mm or
600mm centers, where long roll lengths enable
quick and economic installation and friction fits
between studs, ensure continuity of the absorbent
layer with no air gaps.
2.4 INSTALLATION ROCK WOOL
In order to insulate our ceiling, we have used both fiberglass rolls and pre-cut
bats. The mineral wool rolls we bought were about 50 feet, but the rolls can have up
to 100 feet. In addition, they might be faced or unraced.
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In order to fill the space between the wood studs, you have to cut the rolls to the
needed length, by using a sharp utility knife and a straight edge.
Mineral wool bat
We also used mineral 4” thick wool bats to insulate the ceiling. The bats come in
different lengths and widths; therefore you should buy the product which requires the
least amount of cuts.
Bat insulation is available with and without facing. We recommend you to buy faced fats,
as they will be easier to install and because the paper layer has the role of an anti-
vapor barrier. If you buy bats without facing, you’ll have to attach a plastic foil.
Mineral wool between studs
Before installing the mineral wool insulation, you have to measure the thickness of the
wood studs and the distance between them. In our case the space between the wood studs
is about 24” on center, just enough to fit 23” wide mineral wool bats. Nevertheless, you
should use 15” wide insulation when the studs are 16” spaced. Cut the mineral wool bats
or rolls to fit them into place, in a professional manner.
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Last but not least, cut the mineral wool with a sharp utility knife, by using an
aluminum straight edge. Remember that you have to wear a respiratory mask while you
work with mineral wool, as the fibers are very toxic.
Installing mineral woolinsulation
Installing mineral wool insulation
Start installing the mineral wool from one corner of the room. If the bats are faced, then
you have to staple through their flanges to the inside of the wood joists. If you use
unfaced batts or rolls, the friction will hold them into place.
Securing mineral wool with wire
Nevertheless, we can secure the mineral wool layer with wire, as you can see in the
image. The process is straightforward: use a hammer and install several nails in the wood
studs and then using the wire make a network, as to support the mineral wool. The pattern
shouldn’t be geometrically perfect, but should be dense enough to support properly the
boards of mineral wool.
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If you have to install drywall directly to the wood joists, we recommend you not to secure
the batts with wire, otherwise you won’t be able to hand the boards level.
Installing the second layer of insulation
The next step is to install a second layer of mineral wool, as to fill in the gap between
the metal studs and the future drywall ceiling. In addition, as we have previously
mentioned, the second layer will also improve the thermal and acoustical insulation.
In order to fix the mineral wool strips, we have proceed exactly in the same way, as in the
previous steps. Make sure you cut properly the mineral wool, as not to leave any gaps
between the boards or layers. Any gap would affect the efficiency of the insulation.
Installing double adhesive tape
After we have finished installing the second layer of mineral wool on the whole surface,
we decided to fix an anti-vapor and moisture barrier, as we have used unfaced batts.
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Consequently, we started by installing a double adhesive tape on the metal track, all
around the room’s perimeter. This is a proper method to attach the polyethylene foil, as it
prevents air moisture and vapors to form.
Installing polyethylene vapor barrier
Next, measure the surface of the room and cut the plastic foil to those specific
dimensions, using a utility knife. Start with one corner of the ceiling and attach the anti
vapor foil to the ceiling joists. If you do not want to use double adhesive tape, you could
just staple it along the walls every 5” / 15 cm.
2.5EXAMPLE OF ROCKAPPLICATIONS
2.6 CHARACTERISTICS FEATURESOF ROCKWOOL
Sound Absorbent
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Unique non-directional structure of ROCKWOOL stone wool insulation is denser than
traditional insulation products
Non-directional fibers help to absorb acoustic waves and can reduce the intensity and
propagation of noise
Effectively reduces airflow and sound transmission
Higher air flow resistivity means better sound attenuation
Fire Resistant
ROCKWOOLstone wool can withstand temperatures up to 2150º F (1177º C);
consequently, it does not contribute to the development and spread of fire or the release
of toxic gases
Water Repellent
ROCKWOOLstone wool is water repellent yet vapor permeable
The long-term R-value of stone wool is unaffected by moisture over time, due to the
inherent drying potential of the product
Completely resistant to rot, mildew, mould and bacterial growth—contributing to a safer
indoor environment
Dimensional stability
Retains its characteristics over time
Minimal changes in size and performance are evident with changes in temperature and
humidity
2.7ADVATANTAGES AND DISADVATAGES
Advantages
Rockwool stone wool fibres can withstand more than 1000°C without melting – this
means it can slow the spread of fire in a property where it to catch fire.
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Rockwool has fantastic thermal insulating properties. 120mm of our dual density slabs
when attached to the exterior of a property will take the u-value down to 0.3 which means
the building will then conform to building regulations
Rockwool stone wool has great acoustic insulating properties, so it can really can help
with sound reduction if installed on a busy road for example.
The final advantage is that Rockwool is breathable, therefore it allows moisture to travel
across the wall which can help dissipate damp (from in the house).
Disadvantages
Rock wool is more expensive than and not as common as other insulating materials.
That same quality that makes it durable also makes it an environmental nuisance.
Thrown away it does not biodegrade - its rock. A million years from now it will still be
sitting where ever it was disposed of.
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CHAPTER-3
CONCLUSION
With increase in awareness and standard of living of people the acoustic materials have
bright future.
Usage of rock wool which is cost effective can make the build sound insulating in an
economical way.
Particularly rock wool is best fit for the acoustics problems due to its performance and
also low cost production also textiles act as a dual role with decoration, cushion.
Upholstery etc is also act as acoustic
Use of recyclable and eco friendly product for an acoustic textile further confirm its
position in market
Rock wool can withstand high degree of temperature about 1000°C without melting so it
can also use as a fire resistant in residential buildings.
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REFERENCE
[1] J. V. Apicella(1988) ’’Particulate, Sulfur Dioxide, And Fluoride Emissions From
Mineral Wool Emission, With Varying Charge Compositions’’, American Rockwool, Inc.
Spring Hope, NC, 27882, Alumina Company Of America.
[2]J. L. Spinks, "Mineral Wool Furnaces", In: Air Pollution Engineering Manual, J. A.
Danielson, ed., U. S. DHEW, PHS, National Center For Air Pollution Control.
[3] "Mineral Wool or Mineral Cotton", Appleton's Annual Cyclopedia and Register of
Important Events of the Year 1891.
[4]Tom Alexander; Don Parker (1994). The Best of Growing Edge. New Moon
Publishing.
[5]Weiner, Ethan(2000) Acoustic Treatment and Design for Recording Studios and
Listening Rooms. "Without question, the most effective absorber for midrange and high
frequencies is rigid fiberglass