Presentation covers the different issues in setting up a rooftop solar photovoltaic project in Ontario. Things that are addressed is what should be included in feasibility study, different levels of involvement in your project, and risks and concerns during the project set-up and construction stage.
What services should a solar project developer expect from solar park & how much each service can be valued.
The ppt clears concept on value add by solar park.
A Delay of a single day for a 10 MW plant can lead to a loss of Rs. 6.5 Lacs ($110,000) in addition to Statutory Losses. Here, we explore typical project execution timelines and possible reasons for delay. The presentation talks about Lead Times of Equipment, Key vendors, Permits Required, Construction & Engineering related delays and finally, gives recommendations on how to keep project on track.
Performance paramter and suggestion to optizing the performnce of grid connec...Ashish Verma
performance evaluation of Solar PV plant ,in term of technology , financial investment , research and development is very important for growth of Solar PV Industry .
Guidelines for Grid-connected Small Scale (Rooftop) Solar PV Systems for Tami...Headway Solar
Official Guidelines for Grid-connected Small Scale (Rooftop) Solar PV Systems for Tamil Nadu.
This document is not a work of Headway Solar (http://headwaysolar.com/) and it has been released here for the benefit of the general public.
This presentation highlights on the following :
Need of wind-solar hybrid systems
Indian policy support to hybrid systems - MNRE & Gujarat State
Renewable Energy integration with grid,
Cost savings in hybrid for AC-AC & DC-DC coupling systems,
Case studies
What services should a solar project developer expect from solar park & how much each service can be valued.
The ppt clears concept on value add by solar park.
A Delay of a single day for a 10 MW plant can lead to a loss of Rs. 6.5 Lacs ($110,000) in addition to Statutory Losses. Here, we explore typical project execution timelines and possible reasons for delay. The presentation talks about Lead Times of Equipment, Key vendors, Permits Required, Construction & Engineering related delays and finally, gives recommendations on how to keep project on track.
Performance paramter and suggestion to optizing the performnce of grid connec...Ashish Verma
performance evaluation of Solar PV plant ,in term of technology , financial investment , research and development is very important for growth of Solar PV Industry .
Guidelines for Grid-connected Small Scale (Rooftop) Solar PV Systems for Tami...Headway Solar
Official Guidelines for Grid-connected Small Scale (Rooftop) Solar PV Systems for Tamil Nadu.
This document is not a work of Headway Solar (http://headwaysolar.com/) and it has been released here for the benefit of the general public.
This presentation highlights on the following :
Need of wind-solar hybrid systems
Indian policy support to hybrid systems - MNRE & Gujarat State
Renewable Energy integration with grid,
Cost savings in hybrid for AC-AC & DC-DC coupling systems,
Case studies
Gensol Group Profile - Solar Advisory, Solar Rooftop EPC, Solar O&M (13.12.17)Gensol Engineering Limited
Gensol is the largest Solar Advisory Firm with 7900 MW of solar projects under advisory (including design, lenders engineer, owner engineer) , 49 MW of solar projects under Engineering Procurement and Construction (EPC) & 2200 MW of solar projects under Operation and Maintenance.
Gensol Group has won the rights to subsidy by Solar Energy Corporation of India (SECI) for rooftop solar in the states of Gujarat, Maharashtra, Karnataka, Tamil Nadu.
The presentation explains the process to avail the subsidy and its salient features.
Net Metering allows rooftop solar projects to feed excess electricity into grid and reducing the electricity bill proportionately. This is particularly useful for buildings with intermittent or seasonal loads like malls, schools, offices, warehouses etc.
REACH Solar Consultants - Presentation at Intersolar India 2013 | Learnings f...sdchrosis
The presentation given by REACH Solar Consultants at the Intersolar India Conference 2013 - Learnings from India's 2GW Installations featuring insights into CUF and Performance Ratio of Solar Power Plants.
Gensol has more than 1 GW of Lender's Engineer Credentials primarily working with the leading banks in India - SBI, IDBI, Bank of India, Reliance Capital and many others.
The presentation highlights the scope of work that Gensol entails as a Lender's Engineer.
Solar power sector: Technology, BoS, Pre Feasbility and phase of project dev...Ashish Verma
Key Solar PV technology and future perspective, penetration
Trend in Balance of system, cost projection
Step to make the project bankable, Pre-feasibility for solar
Phase of Solar Project development inUtility scale segment
Credit: Bhuwan Mehta, PwC
Gensol Consultants
IRENA, IRELP, AMPSolar
Gensol Group Profile - Solar Advisory, Solar Rooftop EPC, Solar O&M (13.12.17)Gensol Engineering Limited
Gensol is the largest Solar Advisory Firm with 7900 MW of solar projects under advisory (including design, lenders engineer, owner engineer) , 49 MW of solar projects under Engineering Procurement and Construction (EPC) & 2200 MW of solar projects under Operation and Maintenance.
Gensol Group has won the rights to subsidy by Solar Energy Corporation of India (SECI) for rooftop solar in the states of Gujarat, Maharashtra, Karnataka, Tamil Nadu.
The presentation explains the process to avail the subsidy and its salient features.
Net Metering allows rooftop solar projects to feed excess electricity into grid and reducing the electricity bill proportionately. This is particularly useful for buildings with intermittent or seasonal loads like malls, schools, offices, warehouses etc.
REACH Solar Consultants - Presentation at Intersolar India 2013 | Learnings f...sdchrosis
The presentation given by REACH Solar Consultants at the Intersolar India Conference 2013 - Learnings from India's 2GW Installations featuring insights into CUF and Performance Ratio of Solar Power Plants.
Gensol has more than 1 GW of Lender's Engineer Credentials primarily working with the leading banks in India - SBI, IDBI, Bank of India, Reliance Capital and many others.
The presentation highlights the scope of work that Gensol entails as a Lender's Engineer.
Solar power sector: Technology, BoS, Pre Feasbility and phase of project dev...Ashish Verma
Key Solar PV technology and future perspective, penetration
Trend in Balance of system, cost projection
Step to make the project bankable, Pre-feasibility for solar
Phase of Solar Project development inUtility scale segment
Credit: Bhuwan Mehta, PwC
Gensol Consultants
IRENA, IRELP, AMPSolar
Numerous LED products are currently ready for prime and are better than incumbent technologies for interior applications. But there are also many LED products that are not yet nearly as cost effective as high performance fluorescent, halogen infrared, MH, etc.
This seminar will discuss reach-in frig/freezers, decorative lights, accent lighting, recessed cans, linear replacement lamps, troffers and other applications. A 0.4 - 0.6 watts per square foot with good lighting quality is attainable with highperformance task ambient lighting, without the need for expensive, more complex
systems. Long-term life cycle costs will be included. (High bay lighting is not included, because there is another workshop dedicated to the subject.)
Climate Change Mitigation & AdaptationLaurence Mills
Climate Change Plan
Renewable Technologies
Financial Assistance
Conservation & Efficiency
Mitigation with Technology
Global Climate Change
UK Energy Supply & Climate
Scotland\'s Projected Climate Changes
Climate Change Adaptation & Forward Planning
Local Generation Workshop - Powering SydneyTransGrid AU
The workshop held on 25 September 2014 brought together a range of organisations and experts to explore local generation as a possible initiative to form part of the solution for the Powering Sydney’s Future Project.
Small Commercial Solar: Grow Your Business With This Untapped Sectorallearthrenewables
Utility-scale solar is booming, and residential solar is on the rise, but the small-commercial solar market is still largely unrealized, despite wide open potential for growth. In this presentation, learn how to grow your business by taking advantage of this untapped sector, which some are calling the next goldmine of the solar industry.
We'll give you an overview of small commercial solar development, taking you through financing opportunities and challenges, diving into how to make small commercial solar more economical through project design and standardization, and giving you tips on how to eliminate hidden project costs and maximize your sales and installation efficiency and capability.
Challenges at project level for microgrid solutions lisbon 2016Trevor De Vries
There is a significant gap in the electricity sector to retrofit high penetration renewable energy resources into existing diesel power systems while maintaining the performance and reliability of the system. Remote communities and mining applications are prime candidates to utilize renewable energy resources e.g. solar and wind, integrating them into the existing diesel fired generation system due to significant cost of diesel fuel. Although, microgrid applications in these remote communities and mining sites are attractive, there are various challenges which should be taken into account at project level. In this presentation, various technical, financial and logistic challenges for the application of microgrid systems with some case studies which have been deployed by Canadian Solar, will be discussed. Technical solutions, at the project level, will be presented and the Canadian Solar Microgrid Test Centre and their holistic approach to address various technical challenges will be introduced. MTC is a scaled-down hardware implementation of prospective microgrid system design equipped with a various renewable energy resources, including diesel generators, wind turbine,PV system, PV and wind resource simulators, grid simulator, and power storage devices to facilitate design and testing of even the most demanding microgrid solutions.
Technical challenges
Financial challenges
Logistical challenges
Case studies ( Two remote off-grid systems)
• How did it start?
• What will we do?
• What did we do?
• What did we learn?
Canadian Solar Microgrid Test Centre
• Hardware implementation
• Software simulation
At the Asia Clean Energy Forum 2016 Ricardo Energy & Environment’s waste management and resource efficiency experts discussed a range of critical issues, including financial, institutional, policy, regulatory, engineering, environmental and social issues around the planning for and delivery of appropriate and effective waste to energy infrastructure in developing economies.
In this presentation Tim Fill discusses infrastructure and service delivery and power purchase agreements.
Infrastructure Solutions for Commercial Properties and DevelopersMestizo Enterprises
The days of talking about cost reduction are over. Our solutions are more sustainable, cost effective and less risky for your business. You'll end up with increased property value, increased marketability and lower operating and maintenance costs. Your Smart Property begins with our Intelligent Design. As a Private Operator you'll have more choice in how and where to apply the cost savings.
SAE and Alectra gave an amazing presentation at EDIST 2018 about corrosion-proof, extended life ground plate called the ConduDisc. Alectra Utilities is one of the first utilities in Ontario to install the ConduDisc.
Rooftop Solar: The eco-friendly way to cut your electricity billADDA
Kazi Zaman, a volunteer at the Bangalore Apartments' Federation, has been tracking the renewables industry for many years now and has served on the Board of Directors of a leading Indian wind turbine manufacturer. He gave a detailed session on Roof Top Solar system and its economic and environmental impacts.
Removing Uninteresting Bytes in Software FuzzingAftab Hussain
Imagine a world where software fuzzing, the process of mutating bytes in test seeds to uncover hidden and erroneous program behaviors, becomes faster and more effective. A lot depends on the initial seeds, which can significantly dictate the trajectory of a fuzzing campaign, particularly in terms of how long it takes to uncover interesting behaviour in your code. We introduce DIAR, a technique designed to speedup fuzzing campaigns by pinpointing and eliminating those uninteresting bytes in the seeds. Picture this: instead of wasting valuable resources on meaningless mutations in large, bloated seeds, DIAR removes the unnecessary bytes, streamlining the entire process.
In this work, we equipped AFL, a popular fuzzer, with DIAR and examined two critical Linux libraries -- Libxml's xmllint, a tool for parsing xml documents, and Binutil's readelf, an essential debugging and security analysis command-line tool used to display detailed information about ELF (Executable and Linkable Format). Our preliminary results show that AFL+DIAR does not only discover new paths more quickly but also achieves higher coverage overall. This work thus showcases how starting with lean and optimized seeds can lead to faster, more comprehensive fuzzing campaigns -- and DIAR helps you find such seeds.
- These are slides of the talk given at IEEE International Conference on Software Testing Verification and Validation Workshop, ICSTW 2022.
Climate Impact of Software Testing at Nordic Testing DaysKari Kakkonen
My slides at Nordic Testing Days 6.6.2024
Climate impact / sustainability of software testing discussed on the talk. ICT and testing must carry their part of global responsibility to help with the climat warming. We can minimize the carbon footprint but we can also have a carbon handprint, a positive impact on the climate. Quality characteristics can be added with sustainability, and then measured continuously. Test environments can be used less, and in smaller scale and on demand. Test techniques can be used in optimizing or minimizing number of tests. Test automation can be used to speed up testing.
Generative AI Deep Dive: Advancing from Proof of Concept to ProductionAggregage
Join Maher Hanafi, VP of Engineering at Betterworks, in this new session where he'll share a practical framework to transform Gen AI prototypes into impactful products! He'll delve into the complexities of data collection and management, model selection and optimization, and ensuring security, scalability, and responsible use.
State of ICS and IoT Cyber Threat Landscape Report 2024 previewPrayukth K V
The IoT and OT threat landscape report has been prepared by the Threat Research Team at Sectrio using data from Sectrio, cyber threat intelligence farming facilities spread across over 85 cities around the world. In addition, Sectrio also runs AI-based advanced threat and payload engagement facilities that serve as sinks to attract and engage sophisticated threat actors, and newer malware including new variants and latent threats that are at an earlier stage of development.
The latest edition of the OT/ICS and IoT security Threat Landscape Report 2024 also covers:
State of global ICS asset and network exposure
Sectoral targets and attacks as well as the cost of ransom
Global APT activity, AI usage, actor and tactic profiles, and implications
Rise in volumes of AI-powered cyberattacks
Major cyber events in 2024
Malware and malicious payload trends
Cyberattack types and targets
Vulnerability exploit attempts on CVEs
Attacks on counties – USA
Expansion of bot farms – how, where, and why
In-depth analysis of the cyber threat landscape across North America, South America, Europe, APAC, and the Middle East
Why are attacks on smart factories rising?
Cyber risk predictions
Axis of attacks – Europe
Systemic attacks in the Middle East
Download the full report from here:
https://sectrio.com/resources/ot-threat-landscape-reports/sectrio-releases-ot-ics-and-iot-security-threat-landscape-report-2024/
GraphRAG is All You need? LLM & Knowledge GraphGuy Korland
Guy Korland, CEO and Co-founder of FalkorDB, will review two articles on the integration of language models with knowledge graphs.
1. Unifying Large Language Models and Knowledge Graphs: A Roadmap.
https://arxiv.org/abs/2306.08302
2. Microsoft Research's GraphRAG paper and a review paper on various uses of knowledge graphs:
https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/research/blog/graphrag-unlocking-llm-discovery-on-narrative-private-data/
In his public lecture, Christian Timmerer provides insights into the fascinating history of video streaming, starting from its humble beginnings before YouTube to the groundbreaking technologies that now dominate platforms like Netflix and ORF ON. Timmerer also presents provocative contributions of his own that have significantly influenced the industry. He concludes by looking at future challenges and invites the audience to join in a discussion.
A tale of scale & speed: How the US Navy is enabling software delivery from l...sonjaschweigert1
Rapid and secure feature delivery is a goal across every application team and every branch of the DoD. The Navy’s DevSecOps platform, Party Barge, has achieved:
- Reduction in onboarding time from 5 weeks to 1 day
- Improved developer experience and productivity through actionable findings and reduction of false positives
- Maintenance of superior security standards and inherent policy enforcement with Authorization to Operate (ATO)
Development teams can ship efficiently and ensure applications are cyber ready for Navy Authorizing Officials (AOs). In this webinar, Sigma Defense and Anchore will give attendees a look behind the scenes and demo secure pipeline automation and security artifacts that speed up application ATO and time to production.
We will cover:
- How to remove silos in DevSecOps
- How to build efficient development pipeline roles and component templates
- How to deliver security artifacts that matter for ATO’s (SBOMs, vulnerability reports, and policy evidence)
- How to streamline operations with automated policy checks on container images
Why You Should Replace Windows 11 with Nitrux Linux 3.5.0 for enhanced perfor...SOFTTECHHUB
The choice of an operating system plays a pivotal role in shaping our computing experience. For decades, Microsoft's Windows has dominated the market, offering a familiar and widely adopted platform for personal and professional use. However, as technological advancements continue to push the boundaries of innovation, alternative operating systems have emerged, challenging the status quo and offering users a fresh perspective on computing.
One such alternative that has garnered significant attention and acclaim is Nitrux Linux 3.5.0, a sleek, powerful, and user-friendly Linux distribution that promises to redefine the way we interact with our devices. With its focus on performance, security, and customization, Nitrux Linux presents a compelling case for those seeking to break free from the constraints of proprietary software and embrace the freedom and flexibility of open-source computing.
Observability Concepts EVERY Developer Should Know -- DeveloperWeek Europe.pdfPaige Cruz
Monitoring and observability aren’t traditionally found in software curriculums and many of us cobble this knowledge together from whatever vendor or ecosystem we were first introduced to and whatever is a part of your current company’s observability stack.
While the dev and ops silo continues to crumble….many organizations still relegate monitoring & observability as the purview of ops, infra and SRE teams. This is a mistake - achieving a highly observable system requires collaboration up and down the stack.
I, a former op, would like to extend an invitation to all application developers to join the observability party will share these foundational concepts to build on:
LF Energy Webinar: Electrical Grid Modelling and Simulation Through PowSyBl -...DanBrown980551
Do you want to learn how to model and simulate an electrical network from scratch in under an hour?
Then welcome to this PowSyBl workshop, hosted by Rte, the French Transmission System Operator (TSO)!
During the webinar, you will discover the PowSyBl ecosystem as well as handle and study an electrical network through an interactive Python notebook.
PowSyBl is an open source project hosted by LF Energy, which offers a comprehensive set of features for electrical grid modelling and simulation. Among other advanced features, PowSyBl provides:
- A fully editable and extendable library for grid component modelling;
- Visualization tools to display your network;
- Grid simulation tools, such as power flows, security analyses (with or without remedial actions) and sensitivity analyses;
The framework is mostly written in Java, with a Python binding so that Python developers can access PowSyBl functionalities as well.
What you will learn during the webinar:
- For beginners: discover PowSyBl's functionalities through a quick general presentation and the notebook, without needing any expert coding skills;
- For advanced developers: master the skills to efficiently apply PowSyBl functionalities to your real-world scenarios.
Alt. GDG Cloud Southlake #33: Boule & Rebala: Effective AppSec in SDLC using ...James Anderson
Effective Application Security in Software Delivery lifecycle using Deployment Firewall and DBOM
The modern software delivery process (or the CI/CD process) includes many tools, distributed teams, open-source code, and cloud platforms. Constant focus on speed to release software to market, along with the traditional slow and manual security checks has caused gaps in continuous security as an important piece in the software supply chain. Today organizations feel more susceptible to external and internal cyber threats due to the vast attack surface in their applications supply chain and the lack of end-to-end governance and risk management.
The software team must secure its software delivery process to avoid vulnerability and security breaches. This needs to be achieved with existing tool chains and without extensive rework of the delivery processes. This talk will present strategies and techniques for providing visibility into the true risk of the existing vulnerabilities, preventing the introduction of security issues in the software, resolving vulnerabilities in production environments quickly, and capturing the deployment bill of materials (DBOM).
Speakers:
Bob Boule
Robert Boule is a technology enthusiast with PASSION for technology and making things work along with a knack for helping others understand how things work. He comes with around 20 years of solution engineering experience in application security, software continuous delivery, and SaaS platforms. He is known for his dynamic presentations in CI/CD and application security integrated in software delivery lifecycle.
Gopinath Rebala
Gopinath Rebala is the CTO of OpsMx, where he has overall responsibility for the machine learning and data processing architectures for Secure Software Delivery. Gopi also has a strong connection with our customers, leading design and architecture for strategic implementations. Gopi is a frequent speaker and well-known leader in continuous delivery and integrating security into software delivery.
Sudheer Mechineni, Head of Application Frameworks, Standard Chartered Bank
Discover how Standard Chartered Bank harnessed the power of Neo4j to transform complex data access challenges into a dynamic, scalable graph database solution. This keynote will cover their journey from initial adoption to deploying a fully automated, enterprise-grade causal cluster, highlighting key strategies for modelling organisational changes and ensuring robust disaster recovery. Learn how these innovations have not only enhanced Standard Chartered Bank’s data infrastructure but also positioned them as pioneers in the banking sector’s adoption of graph technology.
Pushing the limits of ePRTC: 100ns holdover for 100 daysAdtran
At WSTS 2024, Alon Stern explored the topic of parametric holdover and explained how recent research findings can be implemented in real-world PNT networks to achieve 100 nanoseconds of accuracy for up to 100 days.
GraphSummit Singapore | The Future of Agility: Supercharging Digital Transfor...Neo4j
Leonard Jayamohan, Partner & Generative AI Lead, Deloitte
This keynote will reveal how Deloitte leverages Neo4j’s graph power for groundbreaking digital twin solutions, achieving a staggering 100x performance boost. Discover the essential role knowledge graphs play in successful generative AI implementations. Plus, get an exclusive look at an innovative Neo4j + Generative AI solution Deloitte is developing in-house.
GraphSummit Singapore | The Future of Agility: Supercharging Digital Transfor...
Solar PV project development
1. Green Intelligence at your side
Rooftop Solar PV projects for
landlords and investors
What you should know
prior to meeting a solar salesman
Last Updated August, 2012
2. Agenda
• Ontario FIT2.0 program
• Property requirements for a solar PV
project
• Different ownership models – roof
lease, system ownership & ownership with
development
• An overview of project progression from
idea to commissioning
• Aspects of solar PV technology that affect
property owner – financing and taxation
Copyright GreenQ Partners Inc 2
3. FIT Program Overview
• Program started with the Green Energy Act in May 2009. New
Rules were introduced in August 2012.
• Established rules under which businesses can sell to the grid
electricity produced with renewable energy generation
technologies, such as solar PV, wind, bio-energy
• Electricity is bought by the OPA on the basis of a 20-year fixed
price contract
Copyright GreenQ Partners Inc 3
5. FIT Program Requirements
To qualify for FIT rates project must:
• Be located in Ontario
• Pass the transmission/distribution availability test
• 60% of implied project cost* should be incurred in Ontario
• Meet OPA’s size requirements per kW
* While determining compliance with domestic content requirement OPA assigns
FIT
portions of costs to project activities and materials regardless of actual costs.
Copyright GreenQ Partners Inc 5
7. Suite Suitability - Roof
• Orientation
– South or South-West
• Roof space
– 40,000 sq ft => 250kW system
– Other equipment may use up roof space
• Shading
– None or very little
• Roof condition
– Membrane should last at least for 20 years (ideally)
• Structural capacity
– Roof structure must allow for additional 3-7 psf load to accommodate dead
and wind load and possible additional snow accumulation
Copyright GreenQ Partners Inc 7
8. How it looks
Ballasted mounting from Unirac
Example of a penetrating mounting system
Ballasted mounting from SolarDock
Copyright GreenQ Partners Inc 8
9. Costs of Roof Imperfections
• Not true south orientation
– 10o off => 0.2% less energy
– 25o off => 1.5% less energy
• Below optimal tilt (<30o)
– 20o => 2.3% less energy
– 10o => 6.3% less energy
– Flat => 12.1% less energy (may lower costs)
• Dirt & snow on panels
– Higher tilt allows for better self cleaning
Copyright GreenQ Partners Inc 9
10. Site Suitability - Electrical
• Electrical room
– Space for inverter, connector box,
meter, disconnects, etc
– Equipment weight
– Equipment delivery constraints
• Sufficient distribution line to your
building
Images are property of Satcom (top) and Xantrex.
Copyright GreenQ Partners Inc 10
11. Site Suitability - Location
• LDC capacity availability
– Pre-application consultation with LDC is required to determine if
project can be connected
• Local weather conditions
– Snow belt area will have higher losses than Toronto
• Air cleanliness & dirt accumulation
– You only harness the sun that gets to the panels
Copyright GreenQ Partners Inc 11
12. How involved do you want to be?
Greater involvement
leads to greater: Develop & Own
the system
• Required investment
• Return on investment Own the system
• Risks
Lease
roof
Copyright GreenQ Partners Inc 12
13. “Lease” Option
You invite a company to install, own and operate a solar
system on your roof and charge them fixed lease payment.
• Investment required
– No capital investment
– Legal and organisational costs, pre-application assessments
• Expected revenues:
– Around $0.5 per sq ft of used roof per year
• Risks
– Roof: Leakage, structural damage, roof traffic, conflicting use during 20 years
of contract,
– Default of your solar tenant
Copyright GreenQ Partners Inc 13
14. “Own” Option
You invite a company to develop and install a system; you
collect payments for produced electricity from the OPA.
• Investment required
– Around $4,500 per kW of installed system, capital and preparation costs
• Expected revenues
– $450-500 per kW pa on a commercial scale system (100-500kW AC)
– 11% IRR (100% equity financing)
• Risks
– Roof risks, same as in “lease” option
– Performance risks, maintenance risks
Copyright GreenQ Partners Inc 14
15. Owning a system:
Performance Factors
PV technology Inverter
• c-Si panels produce more kWh/sft of roof • Efficiency, Cooling, Life expectancy
• Thin film panels are more tolerant to high • Reliability, warranty, service
temperatures, but less productive
• “Shadow resistant” panel designs help System design
avoid some losses
• Losses in cables, due to panel
Mounting heating, overshadowing, service
needs, panel mismatch, etc
• Orientation: ideal is true South and 30° tilt • Need for cleaning
• Best performance tilt may be not cost • Downtime
effective due to wind load • Array capacity vs. inverter capacity
• Higher tilt => more roof space
required, lower tilt => lower wind load Local conditions
• Roof warranty and mounting warranty
• Ease of temporary relocation • Local sun access conditions
(shadow, smoke, dust, steam, etc)
Copyright GreenQ Partners Inc 15
16. “Develop & Own” Option
You develop an in-house team that can procure and install
the system. The rest is the same as in Own Option.
This option is most viable for owners of multiple rooftops.
• Investment required
– Cost to setup in-house facility + per-system costs lower than in “own” option
• Expected revenues
– $450-500 per kW pa on a commercial scale system
– 11% IRR (100% equity financing) on system
• Risks
– Roof risks and Performance risks as in Own option
– Design and procurement (parts) risks
Copyright GreenQ Partners Inc 16
17. Sample Project
For a 40,000 sq ft, problem-free roof one can expect:
• System size of 250kW DC
• Investments:
– Feasibility & Organizational costs - $10-30K (depending on project
complexity)
– System cost (“own” option) - $1M
• Revenues
– “Lease” revenue - $20,000 pa
– “Own” revenue - $110,000 - $120,000 pa
• Bonus for “own” option – 50% depreciation rate on solar
equipment; can used against other profits
Copyright GreenQ Partners Inc 17
18. Project Progression
1. Project Assessment
– Evaluation of site suitability
– How involved do you want to be?
2. Project setup
– OPA Contract Highest impact decisions are made
at project assessment stage
– Developer Selection
– Project Financing
3. Construction & Operation
Copyright GreenQ Partners Inc 18
19. Project Setup - OPA Contract
• The party that owns roof access rights should apply
for OPA contract
– The application fee is 0.5$ per kW (up to $5,000)
– Application security of $20 per kW is also required. Refundable
if project goes into construction
• LDC approval for future system is required
• Contracts are granted based on priority points
• The processing time for an application varies, with
“OPA target” of 60 days
Copyright GreenQ Partners Inc 19
20. Project Setup - Developer Selection
• Free assessment is never free and never unbiased
• Look at IRR and risks; not just cost or performance
• Warranties: for roof, equipment and performance; is developer worth
the offered warranty? How is warranty going to work?
• Maintenance schedule: who, when, how
The decision you are making
will be binding for at least 20 years
Copyright GreenQ Partners Inc 20
21. Project Financing
• Debt and equity financing is available from different
sources
• CEPP Funding for Ontario organizations can be used
to cover soft costs
• Bank loans may be obtained only for projects using
bankable equipment
– Banks will typically finance up to 70% of cost for projects that
meet their criteria
– Will require adequate project structure and documentation
Copyright GreenQ Partners Inc 21
22. Other Aspects of Project Setup
• Internal team set-up
– Technical and technology advisors
– Legal advisor
– Financial advisor
• Establishing project schedule and its impact on other
activities
• DBF or DBFM approach
Copyright GreenQ Partners Inc 22
23. Construction – Major Concerns
• Who is responsible for damages to roof? To system?
– Cooperation with roofing company
• Permitting and unexpected fees
• Construction financing
• Interference with primary business
– Length of construction
– Scheduling
Copyright GreenQ Partners Inc 23
24. Operation – Major Concerns
• Roof warranties during operation
– Cooperation with roofer during construction
• Roof repairs
– Contractual provisions
• System repair and maintenance
– Defined maintenance plan
– Problem response – timing & warranties
– Value of monitoring system
Copyright GreenQ Partners Inc 24
25. Taxation Considerations
• Income tax
– System costs are subject to 50% depreciation
– In some cases depreciation can be used against other
income
• Property taxes
– System should be treated as “equipment”
– Rooftop PV should not affect property taxes
Copyright GreenQ Partners Inc 25
26. Conclusion
For a landlord a solar PV project should not
differ much from any other investment project:
• All investment rules apply
• No need to be a pro in solar to benefit from it
• To maximize return – stay within core competence and
assign direct solar risks to solar developer, who can
manage them at a lower cost
When done right, solar PV
investment is like bond,
but with 11% IRR
Copyright GreenQ Partners Inc 26