An overview of Kuwait oil & gas industry and the application of solar enhanced oil recovery to help the country achieve its 2020 crude oil production target.
Solar EOR: Myth and Reality in Solar Enhanced Oil RecoverySteven Geiger
Learn all about solar enhanced oil recovery (solar EOR) and how to achieve the lowest possible steam and thermal EOR costs using Solarlite. Debunks the major myths about solar energy, EOR, solar steam, CSP and solar process heat. Avoid carbon taxes and dramatically reduce your carbon footprint. Also avoid locking your company into uncompetitive long-term EOR costs with inefficient technology.
Steven Geiger #Solarlite #solar #solarEOR #EOR #enhancedoilrecovery #PDO_OM #KocOfficial #Saudi_Aramco #Aramco #Chevron #AeraEnergy #CaliforniaResources #AirResources #LCFS #PEMEX #ONGC_ solar EOR pdf
Enhanced Oil Recovery for Maximizing Oil Reservoir ProductionIvor Ellul
Ivor R. Ellul is an established presence in the Texas energy sector. He leads CiSK Ventures, Ltd, and delivers client-focused asset development solutions. Among Ivor R. Ellul’s areas of expertise are drilling technologies and enhanced oil recovery (EOR).
US Department of Energy has shown that recovery with pumping units is responsible for as little as 10 percent of oil production per reservoir. The role of secondary recovery processes is crucial in ensuring that maximum value is derived from drilling operations.
The most common secondary recovery technique involves the injection of fluids into the reservoir, thus assisting in the sweeping of oil towards the wellbore. This can be responsible for between 20 and 40 percent of oil eventually produced from a well. EOR, also known as tertiary recovery, can extract an additional 30 to 60 percent of oil that is otherwise unrecoverable. This is accomplished by any combination of gas injection, heating of the oil, and chemical injection.
The advantage of the EOR approach is that it optimizes output from wells that have been drilled and may otherwise remain unused after having produced for a while. It also has a relatively small environmental footprint if managed appropriately. However, there are site specific constraints to EOR, including potential for geological limitations that lead to excessive costs.
Enhanced Oil Recovery
It’s a process for recovering mostly every Barrels of Oil to get out all of remaining oil in it.
And this is done by EOR technologies
Enhanced Oil Recovery
Mainly the following process are done for Enhanced oil recovery
Water injection
Gas injection
Reducing residual oil saturation, SOR (alcohol, polymers, surfactants injection)
Thermal: steam injection (to heating of the reservoir to lower the viscosity)
Larry Shultz presents TexasEOR.com Exhaust Gas Injection CO2 Enhanced Oil Rec...Larry Shultz
Why spend >$50-$60 to produce a barrel of shale/tight oil, when new portable exhaust gas injection EOR equipment has the potential to recover oil for less than $15-$25 per barrel?
Fielding the oil industry’s next-generation fleet of fully-automated, portable exhaust gas injection N2+CO2 EOR skids to bring low-cost, variable-pressure gas injection EOR capabilities on-site to EOR-worthy mature and legacy oil fields that are too far away from and cannot be economically served by CO2 pipelines.
Solar EOR: Myth and Reality in Solar Enhanced Oil RecoverySteven Geiger
Learn all about solar enhanced oil recovery (solar EOR) and how to achieve the lowest possible steam and thermal EOR costs using Solarlite. Debunks the major myths about solar energy, EOR, solar steam, CSP and solar process heat. Avoid carbon taxes and dramatically reduce your carbon footprint. Also avoid locking your company into uncompetitive long-term EOR costs with inefficient technology.
Steven Geiger #Solarlite #solar #solarEOR #EOR #enhancedoilrecovery #PDO_OM #KocOfficial #Saudi_Aramco #Aramco #Chevron #AeraEnergy #CaliforniaResources #AirResources #LCFS #PEMEX #ONGC_ solar EOR pdf
Enhanced Oil Recovery for Maximizing Oil Reservoir ProductionIvor Ellul
Ivor R. Ellul is an established presence in the Texas energy sector. He leads CiSK Ventures, Ltd, and delivers client-focused asset development solutions. Among Ivor R. Ellul’s areas of expertise are drilling technologies and enhanced oil recovery (EOR).
US Department of Energy has shown that recovery with pumping units is responsible for as little as 10 percent of oil production per reservoir. The role of secondary recovery processes is crucial in ensuring that maximum value is derived from drilling operations.
The most common secondary recovery technique involves the injection of fluids into the reservoir, thus assisting in the sweeping of oil towards the wellbore. This can be responsible for between 20 and 40 percent of oil eventually produced from a well. EOR, also known as tertiary recovery, can extract an additional 30 to 60 percent of oil that is otherwise unrecoverable. This is accomplished by any combination of gas injection, heating of the oil, and chemical injection.
The advantage of the EOR approach is that it optimizes output from wells that have been drilled and may otherwise remain unused after having produced for a while. It also has a relatively small environmental footprint if managed appropriately. However, there are site specific constraints to EOR, including potential for geological limitations that lead to excessive costs.
Enhanced Oil Recovery
It’s a process for recovering mostly every Barrels of Oil to get out all of remaining oil in it.
And this is done by EOR technologies
Enhanced Oil Recovery
Mainly the following process are done for Enhanced oil recovery
Water injection
Gas injection
Reducing residual oil saturation, SOR (alcohol, polymers, surfactants injection)
Thermal: steam injection (to heating of the reservoir to lower the viscosity)
Larry Shultz presents TexasEOR.com Exhaust Gas Injection CO2 Enhanced Oil Rec...Larry Shultz
Why spend >$50-$60 to produce a barrel of shale/tight oil, when new portable exhaust gas injection EOR equipment has the potential to recover oil for less than $15-$25 per barrel?
Fielding the oil industry’s next-generation fleet of fully-automated, portable exhaust gas injection N2+CO2 EOR skids to bring low-cost, variable-pressure gas injection EOR capabilities on-site to EOR-worthy mature and legacy oil fields that are too far away from and cannot be economically served by CO2 pipelines.
This Training include several parts of Oil & Gas Engineering:
Petroleum Geology
Process Presentation
Utilities in an Oil & Gas Field
Process Engineering
Safety Engineering
Mechanical Engineering
Civil Engineering
Control & Instrumentation Engineering
Electrical Engineering
Design Engineering - 3D Model
Field Engineering
Commissioning & Startup
For more détails, please contact: Ramzi Fathallah
https://www.linkedin.com/in/ramzi-fathallah-a3762b85?trk=nav_responsive_tab_profile
There are three primary techniques of EOR: gas injection, thermal injection, and chemical injection. Gas injection, which uses gases such as natural gas, nitrogen, or carbon dioxide (CO2), accounts for nearly 60 percent of EOR production in the United States. Thermal injection, which involves the introduction of heat, accounts for 40 percent of EOR production in the United States, with most of it occurring in California. Chemical injection, which can involve the use of long-chained molecules called polymers to increase the effectiveness of waterfloods, accounts for about one percent of EOR production in the United States. In 2013, a technique called Plasma-Pulse technology was introduced into the United States from Russia. This technique can result in another 50 percent of improvement in existing well production.
PetroSync - Chemically Enhanced Water Alternating GasPetroSync
It is know that two-third of the original oil in place are still in the ground. Petroleum companies are looking for techniques to improve sweep efficiency and increase recovery factors. As a result, Enhanced Oil Recovery (EOR) processes need to be carried out. Successful WAG floods can yield 5-20% additional oil recovery over waterflood because of improved microscopic displacement efficiency by the solvent coupled with improving areal and vertical sweep efficiency.
The efficiency of enhanced oil recovery method is a measure of the ability to provide greater hydrocarbon recovery than by natural depletion, at an economically attractive production rate.
Facebook Page: https://www.facebook.com/petroleumengineeringz
Blogspot: http://petroleumengineeringsociety.blogspot.com/
Four Key Considerations for Mature Fieldssusan nash
With the recent surge in new techniques and technology, as well as new plays put into production, a tremendous opportunity exists in both U.S. and international reservoirs to apply lessons learned to existing reservoirs in order to economically increase production and recoverable reserves.
This Training include several parts of Oil & Gas Engineering:
Petroleum Geology
Process Presentation
Utilities in an Oil & Gas Field
Process Engineering
Safety Engineering
Mechanical Engineering
Civil Engineering
Control & Instrumentation Engineering
Electrical Engineering
Design Engineering - 3D Model
Field Engineering
Commissioning & Startup
For more détails, please contact: Ramzi Fathallah
https://www.linkedin.com/in/ramzi-fathallah-a3762b85?trk=nav_responsive_tab_profile
There are three primary techniques of EOR: gas injection, thermal injection, and chemical injection. Gas injection, which uses gases such as natural gas, nitrogen, or carbon dioxide (CO2), accounts for nearly 60 percent of EOR production in the United States. Thermal injection, which involves the introduction of heat, accounts for 40 percent of EOR production in the United States, with most of it occurring in California. Chemical injection, which can involve the use of long-chained molecules called polymers to increase the effectiveness of waterfloods, accounts for about one percent of EOR production in the United States. In 2013, a technique called Plasma-Pulse technology was introduced into the United States from Russia. This technique can result in another 50 percent of improvement in existing well production.
PetroSync - Chemically Enhanced Water Alternating GasPetroSync
It is know that two-third of the original oil in place are still in the ground. Petroleum companies are looking for techniques to improve sweep efficiency and increase recovery factors. As a result, Enhanced Oil Recovery (EOR) processes need to be carried out. Successful WAG floods can yield 5-20% additional oil recovery over waterflood because of improved microscopic displacement efficiency by the solvent coupled with improving areal and vertical sweep efficiency.
The efficiency of enhanced oil recovery method is a measure of the ability to provide greater hydrocarbon recovery than by natural depletion, at an economically attractive production rate.
Facebook Page: https://www.facebook.com/petroleumengineeringz
Blogspot: http://petroleumengineeringsociety.blogspot.com/
Four Key Considerations for Mature Fieldssusan nash
With the recent surge in new techniques and technology, as well as new plays put into production, a tremendous opportunity exists in both U.S. and international reservoirs to apply lessons learned to existing reservoirs in order to economically increase production and recoverable reserves.
Lecture Notes in Modern Petroleum Refining ProcessesBarhm Mohamad
The most prolific and dynamic industries of this century are the petroleum and the petrochemical. Mankind consumes more than 2,500 million tons of oil yearly. This significantly reveals the magnitude, economic edifice, and necessity of industry. From the most primitive method of extraction and refining of petroleum, a great transformation has occurred throughout these years to materialize the modern refinery. This due to the timely inductions of the scientific and technological advancements into refinery operations. Advancements are many and knowledge is expanding, one has to keep abreast with these things.
This lecture notes describes refinery processes in a concise manner which is necessary for students in engineering college and technical institute, also who working in petroleum refineries.
New base issue 1191 special 28 july 2018 energy newsKhaled Al Awadi
NewBase July 30, 2018 - Issue No. 1191 by Senior Editor Eng. Khaled Al Awadi , containing the lates t energy news for you and your tema, please share with all
New base energy news issue 906 dated 14 august 2016Khaled Al Awadi
Greetings,
Attached FYI (NewBase 14 August 2016 ) , from Hawk Energy Services Dubai . Daily energy news covering the MENA area and related worldwide energy news. In today’s issue you will find news about:-
• UAE:Capacity of Emirates National Oil Company’s Jebel Ali condensate refinery to be increased
• Saudi :Defending oil market share still ‘pre-eminent’ IHS says
• Yemen resumes oil shipments, the first since start of civil war
• Oman says new refinery capacity in Sohar to cut crude oil exports
• Iraq: Production at Atrush oilfield in Kurdish region to be delayed
• Libya needs big spend to boost its vital oil revenue
• Kenya: This country is set to join the oil producers club
• US: North Dakota oil output seen falling below 1 MBD mark
• World tight oil production to more than double from 2015 to 2040
• Oil Heads to Weekly Gain as Saudis Reiterate Wish for Stability
• Oil Drillers Bring Back Rigs in Longest Streak Since 2014
• International Energy Agency concerned as oil supplies exceed demand
• In Debt and Out of Cash, Oil and Gas M&A Slow to Recover
we would appreciate your actions to send to all interested parties that you may wish. Also note that if you or your organization wish to include your own article or advert in our circulations, please send it to :-
khdmohd@hotmail.com or khdmohd@hawkenergy.net
Best Regards.
Khaled Al Awadi
Energy Consultant & NewBase Chairman - Senior Chief Editor
MS & BS Mechanical Engineering (HON), USA
Emarat member since 1990
ASME meme since 1995
Hawk Energy since 2010
Research Paper: How much oil remains for the world to produce? Comparing asse...Energy for One World
ABSTRACT
This paper assesses how much oil remains to be produced, and whether this poses a significant constraint to
global development. We describe the different categories of oil and related liquid fuels, and show that public-
domain by-country and global proved (1P) oil reserves data, such as from the EIA or BP Statistical Review, are
very misleading and should not be used. Better data are oil consultancy proved-plus-probable (2P) reserves.
These data are generally backdated, i.e. with later changes in a field's estimated volume being attributed to the
date of field discovery. Even some of these data, we suggest, need reduction by some 300 Gb for probable
overstatement of Middle East OPEC reserves, and likewise by 100 Gb for overstatement of FSU reserves. The
statistic that best assesses ‘how much oil is left to produce’ is a region's estimated ultimately recoverable resource
(URR) for each of its various categories of oil, from which production to-date needs to be subtracted. We use
Hubbert linearization to estimate the global URR for four aggregate classes of oil, and show that these range from
2500 Gb for conventional oil to 5000 Gb for ‘all-liquids’. Subtracting oil produced to-date gives estimates of
global reserves of conventional oil at about half the EIA estimate. We then use our estimated URR values,
combined with the observation that oil production in a region usually reaches one or more maxima when roughly
half its URR has been produced, to forecast the expected dates of global resource-limited production maxima of
these classes of oil. These dates range from 2019 (i.e., already past) for conventional oil to around 2040 for ‘all-
liquids’. These oil production maxima are likely to have significant economic, political and sustainability con-
sequences. Our forecasts differ sharply from those of the EIA, but our resource-limited production maxima
roughly match the mainly demand-driven maxima envisaged in the IEA's 2021 ‘Stated Policies’ scenario. Finally,
in agreement with others, our forecasts indicate that the IPCC's ‘high-CO2’ scenarios appear infeasible by
assuming unrealistically high rates of oil production, but also indicate that considerable oil must be left in the
ground if climate change targets are to be met. As the world seeks to move towards sustainability, these per-
spectives on the future availability of oil are important to take into account.
Brief Introduction into Oil & Gas Industry by Fidan AliyevaFidan Aliyeva
This document presents five stages of the oil field life cycle, their description and some disciplines involved as well as some general facts about the oil and gas.
Final project report on grocery store management system..pdfKamal Acharya
In today’s fast-changing business environment, it’s extremely important to be able to respond to client needs in the most effective and timely manner. If your customers wish to see your business online and have instant access to your products or services.
Online Grocery Store is an e-commerce website, which retails various grocery products. This project allows viewing various products available enables registered users to purchase desired products instantly using Paytm, UPI payment processor (Instant Pay) and also can place order by using Cash on Delivery (Pay Later) option. This project provides an easy access to Administrators and Managers to view orders placed using Pay Later and Instant Pay options.
In order to develop an e-commerce website, a number of Technologies must be studied and understood. These include multi-tiered architecture, server and client-side scripting techniques, implementation technologies, programming language (such as PHP, HTML, CSS, JavaScript) and MySQL relational databases. This is a project with the objective to develop a basic website where a consumer is provided with a shopping cart website and also to know about the technologies used to develop such a website.
This document will discuss each of the underlying technologies to create and implement an e- commerce website.
Saudi Arabia stands as a titan in the global energy landscape, renowned for its abundant oil and gas resources. It's the largest exporter of petroleum and holds some of the world's most significant reserves. Let's delve into the top 10 oil and gas projects shaping Saudi Arabia's energy future in 2024.
CW RADAR, FMCW RADAR, FMCW ALTIMETER, AND THEIR PARAMETERSveerababupersonal22
It consists of cw radar and fmcw radar ,range measurement,if amplifier and fmcw altimeterThe CW radar operates using continuous wave transmission, while the FMCW radar employs frequency-modulated continuous wave technology. Range measurement is a crucial aspect of radar systems, providing information about the distance to a target. The IF amplifier plays a key role in signal processing, amplifying intermediate frequency signals for further analysis. The FMCW altimeter utilizes frequency-modulated continuous wave technology to accurately measure altitude above a reference point.
Cosmetic shop management system project report.pdfKamal Acharya
Buying new cosmetic products is difficult. It can even be scary for those who have sensitive skin and are prone to skin trouble. The information needed to alleviate this problem is on the back of each product, but it's thought to interpret those ingredient lists unless you have a background in chemistry.
Instead of buying and hoping for the best, we can use data science to help us predict which products may be good fits for us. It includes various function programs to do the above mentioned tasks.
Data file handling has been effectively used in the program.
The automated cosmetic shop management system should deal with the automation of general workflow and administration process of the shop. The main processes of the system focus on customer's request where the system is able to search the most appropriate products and deliver it to the customers. It should help the employees to quickly identify the list of cosmetic product that have reached the minimum quantity and also keep a track of expired date for each cosmetic product. It should help the employees to find the rack number in which the product is placed.It is also Faster and more efficient way.
NUMERICAL SIMULATIONS OF HEAT AND MASS TRANSFER IN CONDENSING HEAT EXCHANGERS...ssuser7dcef0
Power plants release a large amount of water vapor into the
atmosphere through the stack. The flue gas can be a potential
source for obtaining much needed cooling water for a power
plant. If a power plant could recover and reuse a portion of this
moisture, it could reduce its total cooling water intake
requirement. One of the most practical way to recover water
from flue gas is to use a condensing heat exchanger. The power
plant could also recover latent heat due to condensation as well
as sensible heat due to lowering the flue gas exit temperature.
Additionally, harmful acids released from the stack can be
reduced in a condensing heat exchanger by acid condensation. reduced in a condensing heat exchanger by acid condensation.
Condensation of vapors in flue gas is a complicated
phenomenon since heat and mass transfer of water vapor and
various acids simultaneously occur in the presence of noncondensable
gases such as nitrogen and oxygen. Design of a
condenser depends on the knowledge and understanding of the
heat and mass transfer processes. A computer program for
numerical simulations of water (H2O) and sulfuric acid (H2SO4)
condensation in a flue gas condensing heat exchanger was
developed using MATLAB. Governing equations based on
mass and energy balances for the system were derived to
predict variables such as flue gas exit temperature, cooling
water outlet temperature, mole fraction and condensation rates
of water and sulfuric acid vapors. The equations were solved
using an iterative solution technique with calculations of heat
and mass transfer coefficients and physical properties.
NUMERICAL SIMULATIONS OF HEAT AND MASS TRANSFER IN CONDENSING HEAT EXCHANGERS...
Solar Enhanced Oil Recovery
1. Enhanced Oil Recovery - Kuwait
Prepared by: Alahdal A. Hussein
March 29, 2015
Proposal number: 2
By Alahdal A. Hussein!1Solar Enhanced Oil Recovery
2. PROPOSAL CONTENT
1- Overview about Kuwait Petroleum Industry 3
2- Kuwait Oil Production Target 3
3- Enhanced Oil Recovery 4
4- Thermal Enhanced Oil Recovery 6
5- EOR Projects in Kuwait 7
6- Solar - Enhanced Oil Recovery 8
7- Advantages of Solar EOR 9
8- Cost Comparison of Producing Steam by Natural Gas and Solar EOR 10
9- Solar EOR companies in Kuwait 10
By Alahdal A. Hussein!2Solar Enhanced Oil Recovery
3. 1. Overview about Kuwait Petroleum Industry
According to the Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) Annual Statistic
Bulletin 2014, Kuwait had an estimated 101.5 billion barrels of proved oil reserves. The
country also holds additional reserves in the Partitioned Neutral Zone (PNZ) between
Kuwait and Saudi Arabia, where Kuwait shares a 50-50 basis with Saudi Arabia. The PNZ
holds about 5 billions of proved oil reserves and this brings Kuwait's oil reserves to 104.5
billion barrels. Kuwait has the sixth highest proved oil reserves among all countries with
6% of the world total proved oil reserves. Its oil reserves include approximately 13 billion
barrels of heavy oil, located primarily in northern Kuwait, with other reserves concentrated
in the PNZ. Kuwait is also a member of OPEC and exports the fifth largest volume of
crude oil and condensates following Saudi Arabia, the United Arab Emirates, Iraq, and
Nigeria. The country's current oil production output ranged from 2.9 to 3 million barrels a
day. Regardless of the high oil production the country had, it has plans to increase its oil
production outputs by 2020 and 2030.
2. Kuwait Oil Production Target
Kuwait's short-term strategic plan is to produce 3.150 million barrels of oil daily through
the years 2015 and 2016 according to Kuwait Petroleum Company's CEO Hashim S.
Hashim. In addition the country's long term strategic plan is to remain one of the world's
top oil producers as the country targets crude oil and condensate production of 4 million
barrels per day (bbl/d) by 2020 and it is projected that the production capacity would be
maintained through 2030. Therefore Kuwait intends to upgrade its production and export
infrastructure, expand exploration, and build downstream facilities, both domestically and
abroad. This effort is expected to help Kuwait achieves its oil production output's target for
2020.
On the other hand, much of Kuwait's reserves and production are concentrated in a few
mature oil fields discovered in the 1930s and 1950s. The Greater Burgan oil field, which
comprises the Burgan, Magwa, and Ahmadi reservoirs, makes up the main portion of both
reserves and production. Those fields are mature fields, which raises the need to focus the
By Alahdal A. Hussein!3Solar Enhanced Oil Recovery
4. country's effort on the deployment of enhanced oil recovery methods to help boost
production and achieve the country's production output's target.
3. Enhanced Oil Recovery
Enhanced oil recovery (EOR) is a set of
techniques used by oil producers
throughout the world to increase the rate
and total amount of oil production. By
injecting steam, chemicals or gas into a
reservoir, EOR can increase production
rates and total production many-fold
compared to traditional primary and
secondary recovery methods.
Primary recovery occurs earlier in a field's
life where oil is driven to production simply
through pressure changes with the
formation, fluid and production well causing
the expansion of gas in oil solution, forcing
the oil to the producing well. Secondary
recovery processes are required when a
reservoir becomes low in energy, where
considerable oil (usually lighter in gravity)
has been produced without fluid
replacement in the reservoir leaving a low
pressure that cannot naturally drive oil
towards production. In these cases water
flooding or gas injection (immiscible with oil)
are techniques implemented through
injection wells to increase pressure and
displace hydrocarbons to production.
By Alahdal A. Hussein!4Solar Enhanced Oil Recovery
5. Tertiary recovery, also known as enhanced
oil recovery (EOR) is commonly used in
mature fields where secondary techniques
such as water flooding no longer produce
economically viable quantities of oil and
start to exploit large quantities of the
injected water. EOR methods inject
specific fluids into the subsurface which
can be highly viscous to improve
hydrocarbon sweep efficiency, or can alter
the properties of the oil and even the rock
in some cases (wettability in carbonate
reservoirs) to improve the flow of oil and
increase production. The type of fluid
injected largely depends on the
characteristics of the oil (API gravity) and
rock itself. The most renowned EOR
methods used to improve oil recovery
factors in fields worldwide are: Thermal
injection (steam/fire flooding), miscible gas
injection (CO2) and polymer injection.
EOR methods have responsibility for the
largest oil recovery out of the 3 stages.
After primary and secondary recovery the
average reservoir still contains around
70% of its original oil in place3, meaning
EOR methods can sometimes extract just
over half the total original reserves in
place. EOR methods are extremely costly
and the decision to push forward with
tertiary recovery largely depends on the
economic climate (oil price), which has
been the main factor in the past why many large oil companies have decided to freeze
production on fields rather than go forwards with EOR.
By Alahdal A. Hussein!5Solar Enhanced Oil Recovery
6. 4. Thermal Enhanced Oil Recovery
Thermal recovery techniques are the most understood and technologically advanced
methods of EOR in the industry today, controlling approximately half of the total enhanced
oil recovery worldwide. Thermal methods are commonly used when dealing with heavy
viscous oils with API gravity less than 20 degrees and viscosities between 100-10000
centipoise, resulting in a very low mobility fluid that is difficult to produce. Thermal injection
supply's heat down well into the reservoir, which increases the oil temperature causing
partial vaporization or expansion of the fluid (oil) leading to a reduction in its viscosity,
therefore improving its ability to flow towards production.
Thermal Enhanced Oil Recovery System
By Alahdal A. Hussein!6Solar Enhanced Oil Recovery
7. 5. EOR Projects in Kuwait
In a plan to boost production, international oil companies (IOCs) were allowed involvement
through Enhanced Technical Service Agreements (ETSA) to assist Kuwait in enhanced oil
recovery (EOR) of its mature fields. Below are some of the EOR projects in Kuwait:
1- The Greater Burgan oil field: this field comprises of the Burgan, Magwa, and Ahmadi
reservoirs, and this field makes up the main portion of both reserves and production.
Greater Burgan's capacity largely from the Wara reservoir through enhanced oil recovery
methods such as seawater and carbon dioxide injection.
2- Umm Gudair, Minagish, and Abduliyah fields: According to MEES, Kuwait plans to
continue employing EOR techniques in the fields to maintain output of 500,000 bbl/d.
3- Raudhatain and neighboring Sabriyah fields: In August 2010, British company Petrofac
signed a deal with KOC to boost production capacity in those fields.
4- Wafra oil field: A full-field steam injection EOR project led by Chevron is under
development to offset field declines and boost production of the heavy oil play by more
than 80,000 bbl/d during the first phase.
Oil and Gas Fields Map in Kuwait
By Alahdal A. Hussein!7Solar Enhanced Oil Recovery
8. 6. Solar - Enhanced Oil Recovery
Thermal EOR requires very large amounts of thermal energy. Large amounts of fuel are
needed to generate steam for EOR projects. Solar EOR replaces fuel use with solar
energy. In Solar EOR method, mirrors are used to reflect and concentrate sunlight onto
receivers that collect solar energy and then convert it to heat. The heat is then used to
produce steam from water. Solar EOR can generate the same quality and temperature of
steam as natural gas. Therefore, the use of solar EOR could reduce demand for natural
gas required for EOR, which can be redirected to other economic activities, such as power
generation, water desalination and as feedstock and energy for industrial processes.
Solar Enhanced Oil Recovery
By Alahdal A. Hussein!8Solar Enhanced Oil Recovery
9. 7. Advantages of Solar EOR
Solar EOR is likely to play an important role in the mix of EOR technologies. Instead of
burning natural gas to produce steam, solar EOR involves the use of concentrating solar
power (CSP) technology to produce steam. There are many advantages of using Solar
EOR such as:
1- Solar EOR reduces EOR fuel costs and helps operators hedge against fuel price
volatility. Lower, stable costs for steam improve the economics of oil production.
2- Maximization of natural gas value, in many oil-producing countries, a shortage of natural
gas puts EOR operations in direct competition with industrial development and other
economic needs.
3- Local economic development, solar EOR can reduce the gas usage of EOR projects by
up to 80%. This gas can be applied to other industries, such as electricity generation,
desalination or even export as LNG, boosting total economic activity.
4- Creation of job opportunities, deployment of Sola EOR in Kuwait will provide a powerful
economic stimulus that is poised to create thousands of jobs across kuwait. By replacing
natural gas with solar energy for steam generation, Kuwait can redirect scarce natural gas
resources to the private sector for use in industrial development and job creation.
Redirecting more than 80 per cent of current gas resources used for EOR to private
industry could fuel up to 280,000 new jobs throughout the country.
5- Solar EOR helps to recover more oil, solar steam generators are simple and reliable,
eliminating 60% of the operating cost of a thermal EOR operation. Once installed, solar
steam generators deliver steam for 30 years at very low operating costs. This low-cost
long-term steam supply extends the life of existing wells, allowing economic production
further down the decline curve. With an optimized solar steaming strategy, more oil can be
economically recovered throughout the field’s lifetime.
5- Solar EOR solution produces emissions-free steam, eliminating all nitrogen oxides
(NOx), particulate emissions, and CO2 associated with fuel combustion. Emission-free
steam lowers operators’ risk to carbon legislation and can sidestep permitting constraints,
enabling producers to expand production amidst increasingly strict regulatory hurdles.
By Alahdal A. Hussein!9Solar Enhanced Oil Recovery
10. 8. Cost Comparison of Producing Steam by Natural Gas and Solar EOR
Despite experiencing fuel supply shortages, many countries in the Gulf have multi-tiered
and subsidized fuel costs, which do not reflect the true economic value. To expand heavy
oil production, these countries will need to import LNG at $13 per MMBtu, not only to fuel
EOR projects, but also for power generation and industrialization. Kuwait is currently
natural gas net importer, that means using natural gas for its EOR is costly and according
to U.S. Department of Energy, the price cost of producing steam is $8/MMBtu, however
due to the cost of transportation, it is expected that the price of producing steam in EOR
using natural gas is $13 per MMBtu.
In the other, according to GlassPoint- one of the leading companies in Solar-EOR in
middle east - the price of producing steam using Solar system is about $3/MMBtu. This
represent a huge difference in price between using natural gas and Solar-EOR.
Consequently, deployment of Solar systems in thermal EOR in Kuwait will benefit the
country economically and environmentally.
9. Solar EOR companies in Kuwait
The Solar-EOR industry in Kuwait is still at its beginning. The first specialized Solar-EOR
company in Kuwait is GlassPoint Solar, the leader in solar enhanced oil recovery (EOR).
GlassPoint Solar established its new office in Kuwait city on March 2014 and has
appointed Mr. Abdul Hussain Shehab as Country Chairman. The second company os
eSolar - California-based CSP developer - which is planning to enter the Solar-EOR in
Kuwait. More information is needed in this field especially about the local companies and
the recent international companies joined the Solar-EOR in Kuwait.
By Alahdal A. Hussein!10Solar Enhanced Oil Recovery