This document presents a summary of social abstractism in modern societies. It defines social abstractism as the intricate and confusing relationships between the social institutions of a society. It discusses how social abstractism has created confusion and a sense of anarchy within key institutions like family, religion, and class systems in modern industrial societies. For each institution, it provides examples of how their definitions and structures have become more complex and variable. This social abstractism is argued to be a result of the greater freedom and less rigid hierarchies that characterize industrial societies according to Herbert Spencer's theory of social evolution.

1. IN THE NAME OF ALLAH THE
MOST MERCIFUL AND
BENEFICIENT

2. Presentation Of Classical Thought
Presented To Madam Asma Yunus
BY
Zarnish Hussain
Roll num 14
M.sc Sociology(Regular)
ISCS
University Of The Punjab

3. Topic: SOCIAL ABSTRACTISM IN
MODERN SOCIETIES
Theory: SOCIAL EVOLUTION OF
SOCIETY(From Millitant To
Industrial)
BY
HEBET SPENCER

4. What Is Meant By Social
Abstractism?
The idea SOCIAL ABSTRACTISM is
derived from 2 terms SOCIAL &
ABSTRACT

5. Term SOCIAL means LIVING TOGETHER IN
COMMUNITIES OR ORGANISED GROUPS
Whereas
Term ABSTACTISM is derived from word
Abstract which means JUST AN IDEA but
when the same word is used with any
other word it gives meanings of UNCLEAR,
VAGUE or CONFUSING as in word ‘Abstract
Art’
so here the word Abstractism is used in the
meanings of Unclarity or Confusion

6. So the idea Social Abstractism
means
THE INTRICATE AND CONFUSING
RELATIONSHIP OF SOCIAL
ORGANS OF A SOCIETY

7. How SOCIAL ABSTRACTISM is a
Social Problem?

8. As we know that a social problem
is a problem which is negatively
affecting a society
so Social Abstractism is also
affecting the modern societies by
creating confusion and sense of
anarchy within their institutions

9. Before explaining the issue further,
it is necessary to explain the
relevant theory because it is easy
to understand the issue with the
help of the theory

10. Theory Of Social Evolution Of
Societies BY Herbert Spencer
Spencer has classified societies into 6
types
Simple Society
Compound Society
Doubly Compound Society

11. Trebly Compound Society
 Millitant Society
 Industrial Society

12. Here the social issue Social
Abstractism in modern societies is
related to Industrial Societies

13. The concept of Industrialization
And Modernization in a society
refers to Industrial Society

14. Characteristics Of Industrial Society
 Recognition of personal rights
 Sustaining System Possessing a large degree
of freedom
 A less rigid class structure
 Less religious hierarchy and importance
 Individualism
 Dominance of free and contractual type of
human relationship
 Opportunity for the growth of free institutions

15. Co-relation Of Social Abstractism &
theory Industrial Society
Although the topic Social Abstractism is so vast
that a book can be easily written over it but
here I have selected three institutions of
modern societies to explain Social Abstractism
in them, these are as follows:
Family
Religion
Class System

16. FAMILY
In the early societies , there was no family
system people used to live in the form of
tribes,then groups&after that in the form of
proper families(Ref:Khandaan, Zaati Malkiyat
Aur Riyasat Ka Aghaaz BY Fredrick Angles) in
simple societies there was a simple family
system having only one definition but now in
this world of modernism there are so many
family systems that the institution FAMILY is
confusing and not easy to explain

17. Examples are as follows:
Nuclear Family
Extended Family
Re-Constituted Family
Lesbian Family etc.
This Abstractism in institution FAMILY is a result
of a large degree of freedom & recognition of
personal rights in Modern societies as
Spencer has pointed out in Industrial society

18. RELIGION to
In its early form Religion was just limited
Totemism & Sacrifice of human beings, Deities
or Supernatural forces(Ref : Marriage &
Exogamy BY Sir James George Frazer)
But as the societies became complicated
Religion also changed & today it is present in
its very complicated form & with a variety of
Religions, which have many complexities in
themselves also.

19. EXAMPLES
Christianity
Hinduism
Buddhism
Islam
Jewish etc.
The Abstractism is not only due to a variety of
religions in modern world but it is due to the
variety of Sects within each religion of this era
which has made Religion A confusing
institution of modern societies.

20. This Religious Abstractism results a Less
Religious Hierarchy And Importance in the
modern societies as Spencer has pointed
out in his classification of Industrial
Society

21. CLASS SYSTEM race
In its earliest form society has no caste or
system people used to live in the form of
groups then tribes after that colonies and in
its modern form societies & nations(Ref :
Khandaan, Zaati Malkiyat Aur Riyasat Ka
Aghaaz BY Fredrick Angels)
So this societal and national system has an
institution related to Class Structure named as
Caste and Class System.

22. EXAMPLES
 Upper Class
 Middle Class
 Lower Class
 Upper Middle Class
 Lower Middle Class
 Lower Lower Middle Class
This classification of classes creates a lot of anarchy
and confusion in a social system of a society.

23. This confusion is due to different
strata & caste system within a class
system of a society.This Class
Abstractism is due to less rigid
class structure in Industrial
Society as Spencer`s theory of
Social evolution says.

24. CONCLUSION
Social Abstractism is leading society to its more
complicated form than that of Industrial society
of Spencer & Organic Society of Durkheim. So,
this un discussed issue needs a lot of attention
of the Sociologists of modern world….

25. THANK YOU

26. ?????ANY
QUESTION???