The document provides instructions for students on how to participate in a group tutoring session in Spanish over VoIP. It explains how to set up audio devices and select the correct audio options to be able to hear the tutor and speak with them. It then outlines the topics that will be covered in the tutoring session, including differences between singular and plural forms in Spanish and English.

1. Group Tutoring Sessions Welcome! Please type the following in the chat box to help us get started: What is your proficiency level for this language? Why are you learning this language? Is this your first tutoring session? First time using your headset or microphone? Click Communicate => VoIP Conference => Leave VoIP conference Click Communicate => Audio Setup Wizard to restart the Audio Setup Wizard. On the second screen of the Audio Setup Wizard select your new device Test your speakers and microphones on the following 2 screens, select Headphones and complete the Audio Setup Wizard. Finally click Communicate => VoIp Conference => Join VoIP conference to be able to hear the tutor and speak to them. Problem Speaking? Press and hold down the “ CTRL ” key when speaking. Technical Help For additional help, visit the Group Tutoring Help Page: http://www.livemocha.com/premium_courses/group_tutoring_help Or email [email_address]

2. Singular vs. Plural In this lesson, we will learn about Spanish/English grammatical similarities and differences dealing with singular and plural words. -Singular vs. plural -Define and recognize the difference -”The” singular and plural -Definite articles -Singular and plural nouns -Common endings “–o” “–a” -Uncommon endings -Singular and plural adjectives: -Rules of formation -Practice! If You Have Questions Click on the “Raise Hand” button

3. Singular: only one; one thing by itself. Plural: more than one. Example: English : Singular Plural Singular Plural dog dogs the dog the dogs cat cats the cat the cats car car the car the cars Spanish: Singular Plural Singular Plural perro perros el perro los perros gato gatos el gato los gatos autom óvil automóviles el automóvil los automóviles Singular vs. Plural

4. “ The” Singular and Plural In Spanish, there are singular articles and plural articles. They can be either masculine or feminine. “ The” For English, it is only one word. For Spanish, it is the following Definite articles are used when referring to a specific subject, such as “the dog,” “the house” or “the car.” The definite articles look like: “ el perro,” “la casa,” or “el autom óvil. ” The Feminine Masculine Singular Plural las los la el Feminine Masculine Singular Plural

5. Nouns Those basic words such as “dog,” “house,” and “car” are nouns. In Spanish: All Nouns are either masculine or feminine . Generally: Most nouns that end with -o are masculine . Most nouns that end with -a are feminine . There are also nouns with consonant endings, including -dad, -ud, -tión, -r and –l. For these types of noun endings, there are rules that determine the gender; gender will be covered in another lesson. Rest assured : Knowing what words are feminine or masculine comes with practice !! Over time, you will learn which is which…

6. Singular Nouns Whatever object or person, by itself is singular. Example: Spanish English Spanish English concierto concert el concierto the concert película movie la película the movie aire air el aire the air amigo friend el amigo the friend revista magazine la revista the magazine fuego fire el fuego the fire These are singular nouns. These are the singular nouns with articles.

7. Whenever there is more than one object or person, it is plural. *You can also look to see if there is a preceding article. If it’s “la” or “el,” it’s singular. If you see either “los” or “las” it is definitely plural. Examples: Spanish English Spanish English conciertos concerts los conciertos the concerts películas movies las películas the movies amigos friends los amigos the friends revista magazines las revistas the magazines fuegos fires los fuegos the fires actividades activities las actividades the activities actitudes attitudes las actitudes the attitudes televisiones televisions las televisiones the televisions colores colors los colores the colors papeles papers las papeles the papers; roles voces voices las voces the voices These are plural nouns. These are plural nouns with articles. Plural Nouns

8. *Check to see if the word ends with an –o or –a . You can tell it's singular if there is no “–s” at the end. If it does have an –s at the end, it is plural. Spanish English concierto concert películas movies aire air amigo friend revistas magazines fuegos fires Identify Singular and Plural Nouns

9. *Check to see if the word ends with an –o or –a . You can tell it's singular if there is no “–s” at the end. If it does have an –s at the end, it is plural. Spanish English concierto concert películas movies aire air amigo friend revistas magazines fuegos fires Identify Singular and Plural Nouns

10. *Check to see if the word ends with an –o or –a . You can tell it's singular if there is no “–s” at the end. If it does have an –s at the end, it is plural. Spanish English concierto singular concert películas movies aire air amigo friend revistas magazines fuegos fires Identify Singular and Plural Nouns

11. *Check to see if the word ends with an –o or –a . You can tell it's singular if there is no “–s” at the end. If it does have an –s at the end, it is plural. Spanish English concierto singular concert películas movies aire air amigo friend revistas magazines fuegos fires Identify Singular and Plural Nouns

12. *Check to see if the word ends with an –o or –a . You can tell it's singular if there is no “–s” at the end. If it does have an –s at the end, it is plural. Spanish English concierto singular concert películas plural movies aire air amigo friend revistas magazines fuegos fires Identify Singular and Plural Nouns

13. *Check to see if the word ends with an –o or –a . You can tell it's singular if there is no “–s” at the end. If it does have an –s at the end, it is plural. Spanish English concierto singular concert películas plural movies aire air amigo friend revistas magazines fuegos fires Identify Singular and Plural Nouns

14. *Check to see if the word ends with an –o or –a . You can tell it's singular if there is no “–s” at the end. If it does have an –s at the end, it is plural. Spanish English concierto singular concert películas plural movies aire singular air amigo friend revistas magazines fuegos fires Identify Singular and Plural Nouns

15. *Check to see if the word ends with an –o or –a . You can tell it's singular if there is no “–s” at the end. If it does have an –s at the end, it is plural. Spanish English concierto singular concert películas plural movies aire singular air amigo friend revistas magazines fuegos fires Identify Singular and Plural Nouns

16. *Check to see if the word ends with an –o or –a . You can tell it's singular if there is no “–s” at the end. If it does have an –s at the end, it is plural. Spanish English concierto singular concert películas plural movies aire singular air amigo singular friend revistas magazines fuegos fires Identify Singular and Plural Nouns

17. *Check to see if the word ends with an –o or –a . You can tell it's singular if there is no “–s” at the end. If it does have an –s at the end, it is plural. Spanish English concierto singular concert películas plural movies aire singular air amigo singular friend revistas magazines fuegos fires Identify Singular and Plural Nouns

18. *Check to see if the word ends with an –o or –a . You can tell it's singular if there is no “–s” at the end. If it does have an –s at the end, it is plural. Spanish English concierto singular concert películas plural movies aire singular air amigo singular friend revistas plural magazines fuegos fires Identify Singular and Plural Nouns

19. *Check to see if the word ends with an –o or –a . You can tell it's singular if there is no “–s” at the end. If it does have an –s at the end, it is plural. Spanish English concierto singular concert películas plural movies aire singular air amigo singular friend revistas plural magazines fuegos fires Identify Singular and Plural Nouns

20. *Check to see if the word ends with an –o or –a . You can tell it's singular if there is no “–s” at the end. If it does have an –s at the end, it is plural. Spanish English concierto singular concert películas plural movies aire singular air amigo singular friend revistas plural magazines fuegos plural fires Identify Singular and Plural Nouns

21. Changing from Singular to Plural How do you make a noun plural? Much like in English—by adding an “-s” to the end. For the most part .  For the easy nouns that end with “–o” or “–a” you simply add an “s” to the end. Singular Plural Spanish Spanish English concierto conciertos concerts película películas movies aire aires airs amigo amigos friends revista revistas magazines fuego fuegos fires Be advised: This rule changes when dealing with nouns that have consonant endings—that is, endings other than “–o” or “–a.”

22. Practice! Below are four adjectives. Can you help form each combination correctly? Remember: combine singular or plural , and gender , making sure they all agree. bajo singular, feminine alto singular, feminine (short) singular, masculine (tall) singular, masculine plural, feminine plural, feminine plural, masculine plural, masculine bueno singular, feminine malo singular, feminine (good) singular, masculine (bad) singular, masculine plural, feminine plural, feminine plural, masculine plural, masculine Raise your hand!

23. Below are four adjectives. Can you help form each combination correctly? Remember: combine singular or plural , and gender , making sure they all agree. bajo singular, feminine alto singular, feminine (short) singular, masculine (tall) singular, masculine plural, feminine plural, feminine plural, masculine plural, masculine bueno singular, feminine malo singular, feminine (good) singular, masculine (bad) singular, masculine plural, feminine plural, feminine plural, masculine plural, masculine Raise your hand! Practice!

24. Below are four adjectives. Can you help form each combination correctly? Remember: combine singular or plural , and gender , making sure they all agree. bajo singular, feminine baja alto singular, feminine (short) singular, masculine (tall) singular, masculine plural, feminine plural, feminine plural, masculine plural, masculine bueno singular, feminine malo singular, feminine (good) singular, masculine (bad) singular, masculine plural, feminine plural, feminine plural, masculine plural, masculine Raise your hand! Practice!

25. Below are four adjectives. Can you help form each combination correctly? Remember: combine singular or plural , and gender , making sure they all agree. bajo singular, feminine baja alto singular, feminine (short) singular, masculine bajo (tall) singular, masculine plural, feminine plural, feminine plural, masculine plural, masculine bueno singular, feminine malo singular, feminine (good) singular, masculine (bad) singular, masculine plural, feminine plural, feminine plural, masculine plural, masculine Raise your hand! Practice!

26. Below are four adjectives. Can you help form each combination correctly? Remember: combine singular or plural , and gender , making sure they all agree. bajo singular, feminine baja alto singular, feminine (short) singular, masculine bajo (tall) singular, masculine plural, feminine bajas plural, feminine plural, masculine plural, masculine bueno singular, feminine malo singular, feminine (good) singular, masculine (bad) singular, masculine plural, feminine plural, feminine plural, masculine plural, masculine Raise your hand! Practice!

27. Below are four adjectives. Can you help form each combination correctly? Remember: combine singular or plural , and gender , making sure they all agree. bajo singular, feminine baja alto singular, feminine (short) singular, masculine bajo (tall) singular, masculine plural, feminine bajas plural, feminine plural, masculine bajos plural, masculine bueno singular, feminine malo singular, feminine (good) singular, masculine (bad) singular, masculine plural, feminine plural, feminine plural, masculine plural, masculine Raise your hand! Practice!

28. Below are four adjectives. Can you help form each combination correctly? Remember: combine singular or plural , and gender , making sure they all agree. bajo singular, feminine baja alto singular, feminine (short) singular, masculine bajo (tall) singular, masculine plural, feminine bajas plural, feminine plural, masculine bajos plural, masculine bueno singular, feminine malo singular, feminine (good) singular, masculine (bad) singular, masculine plural, feminine plural, feminine plural, masculine plural, masculine Raise your hand! Practice!

29. Below are four adjectives. Can you help form each combination correctly? Remember: combine singular or plural , and gender , making sure they all agree. bajo singular, feminine baja alto singular, feminine (short) singular, masculine bajo (tall) singular, masculine plural, feminine bajas plural, feminine plural, masculine bajos plural, masculine bueno singular, feminine buena malo singular, feminine (good) singular, masculine (bad) singular, masculine plural, feminine plural, feminine plural, masculine plural, masculine Raise your hand! Practice!

30. Below are four adjectives. Can you help form each combination correctly? Remember: combine singular or plural , and gender , making sure they all agree. bajo singular, feminine baja alto singular, feminine (short) singular, masculine bajo (tall) singular, masculine plural, feminine bajas plural, feminine plural, masculine bajos plural, masculine bueno singular, feminine buena malo singular, feminine (good) singular, masculine bueno (bad) singular, masculine plural, feminine plural, feminine plural, masculine plural, masculine Raise your hand! Practice!

31. Below are four adjectives. Can you help form each combination correctly? Remember: combine singular or plural , and gender , making sure they all agree. bajo singular, feminine baja alto singular, feminine (short) singular, masculine bajo (tall) singular, masculine plural, feminine bajas plural, feminine plural, masculine bajos plural, masculine bueno singular, feminine buena malo singular, feminine (good) singular, masculine bueno (bad) singular, masculine plural, feminine buenas plural, feminine plural, masculine plural, masculine Raise your hand! Practice!

32. Below are four adjectives. Can you help form each combination correctly? Remember: combine singular or plural , and gender , making sure they all agree. bajo singular, feminine baja alto singular, feminine (short) singular, masculine bajo (tall) singular, masculine plural, feminine bajas plural, feminine plural, masculine bajos plural, masculine bueno singular, feminine buena malo singular, feminine (good) singular, masculine bueno (bad) singular, masculine plural, feminine buenas plural, feminine plural, masculine buenos plural, masculine Raise your hand! Practice!

33. Below are four adjectives. Can you help form each combination correctly? Remember: combine singular or plural , and gender , making sure they all agree. bajo singular, feminine baja alto singular, feminine (short) singular, masculine bajo (tall) singular, masculine plural, feminine bajas plural, feminine plural, masculine bajos plural, masculine bueno singular, feminine buena malo singular, feminine (good) singular, masculine bueno (bad) singular, masculine plural, feminine buenas plural, feminine plural, masculine buenos plural, masculine Raise your hand! Practice!

34. Below are four adjectives. Can you help form each combination correctly? Remember: combine singular or plural , and gender , making sure they all agree. bajo singular, feminine baja alto singular, feminine alta (short) singular, masculine bajo (tall) singular, masculine plural, feminine bajas plural, feminine plural, masculine bajos plural, masculine bueno singular, feminine buena malo singular, feminine (good) singular, masculine bueno (bad) singular, masculine plural, feminine buenas plural, feminine plural, masculine buenos plural, masculine Raise your hand! Practice!

35. Below are four adjectives. Can you help form each combination correctly? Remember: combine singular or plural , and gender , making sure they all agree. bajo singular, feminine baja alto singular, feminine alta (short) singular, masculine bajo (tall) singular, masculine alto plural, feminine bajas plural, feminine plural, masculine bajos plural, masculine bueno singular, feminine buena malo singular, feminine (good) singular, masculine bueno (bad) singular, masculine plural, feminine buenas plural, feminine plural, masculine buenos plural, masculine Raise your hand! Practice!

36. Below are four adjectives. Can you help form each combination correctly? Remember: combine singular or plural , and gender , making sure they all agree. bajo singular, feminine baja alto singular, feminine alta (short) singular, masculine bajo (tall) singular, masculine alto plural, feminine bajas plural, feminine altas plural, masculine bajos plural, masculine bueno singular, feminine buena malo singular, feminine (good) singular, masculine bueno (bad) singular, masculine plural, feminine buenas plural, feminine plural, masculine buenos plural, masculine Raise your hand! Practice!

37. Below are four adjectives. Can you help form each combination correctly? Remember: combine singular or plural , and gender , making sure they all agree. bajo singular, feminine baja alto singular, feminine alta (short) singular, masculine bajo (tall) singular, masculine alto plural, feminine bajas plural, feminine altas plural, masculine bajos plural, masculine altos bueno singular, feminine buena malo singular, feminine (good) singular, masculine bueno (bad) singular, masculine plural, feminine buenas plural, feminine plural, masculine buenos plural, masculine Raise your hand! Practice!

38. Below are four adjectives. Can you help form each combination correctly? Remember: combine singular or plural , and gender , making sure they all agree. bajo singular, feminine baja alto singular, feminine alta (short) singular, masculine bajo (tall) singular, masculine alto plural, feminine bajas plural, feminine altas plural, masculine bajos plural, masculine altos bueno singular, feminine buena malo singular, feminine ( good) singular, masculine bueno (bad) singular, masculine plural, feminine buenas plural, feminine plural, masculine buenos plural, masculine Raise your hand! Practice!

39. Below are four adjectives. Can you help form each combination correctly? Remember: combine singular or plural , and gender , making sure they all agree. bajo singular, feminine baja alto singular, feminine alta (short) singular, masculine bajo (tall) singular, masculine alto plural, feminine bajas plural, feminine altas plural, masculine bajos plural, masculine altos bueno singular, feminine buena malo singular, feminine mala (good) singular, masculine bueno (bad) singular, masculine plural, feminine buenas plural, feminine plural, masculine buenos plural, masculine Raise your hand! Practice!

40. Below are four adjectives. Can you help form each combination correctly? Remember: combine singular or plural , and gender , making sure they all agree. bajo singular, feminine baja alto singular, feminine alta (short) singular, masculine bajo (tall) singular, masculine alto plural, feminine bajas plural, feminine altas plural, masculine bajos plural, masculine altos bueno singular, feminine buena malo singular, feminine mala (good) singular, masculine bueno (bad) singular, masculine malo plural, feminine buenas plural, feminine plural, masculine buenos plural, masculine Raise your hand! Practice!

41. Below are four adjectives. Can you help form each combination correctly? Remember: combine singular or plural , and gender , making sure they all agree. bajo singular, feminine baja alto singular, feminine alta (short) singular, masculine bajo (tall) singular, masculine alto plural, feminine bajas plural, feminine altas plural, masculine bajos plural, masculine altos bueno singular, feminine buena malo singular, feminine mala (good) singular, masculine bueno (bad) singular, masculine malo plural, feminine buenas plural, feminine malas plural, masculine buenos plural, masculine Raise your hand! Practice!

42. Below are four adjectives. Can you help form each combination correctly? Remember: combine singular or plural , and gender , making sure they all agree. bajo singular, feminine baja alto singular, feminine alta (short) singular, masculine bajo (tall) singular, masculine alto plural, feminine bajas plural, feminine altas plural, masculine bajos plural, masculine altos bueno singular, feminine buena malo singular, feminine mala (good) singular, masculine bueno (bad) singular, masculine malo plural, feminine buenas plural, feminine malas plural, masculine buenos plural, masculine malos Raise your hand! Practice!

43. Nouns that end with Consonants *Be advised: there are nouns with other endings, including -dad, -ud, -tión, -r and –l. Here are some examples of these nouns in the singular form: Singular Not Singular Spanish English actividad actividades activity actitud actitudes attitude televisión televisiones television color colores color papel papeles paper; role voz voces voice

44. Changing Nouns with Consonant Endings from Singular to Plural What about the nouns that end with -dad, -ud, -tion, -r and -l? Spanish English actividad activity actitud attitude televisión television color color papel paper; role voz voice How do you make those plural? Answer: you add the following: “ –es .” Spanish English Spanish English actividad activity actividad es activities actitud attitude actitud es attitudes televisión television television es televisions color color color es colors papel paper; role papel es papers; roles voz voice voc es voices

45. Practice! How can these words correctly be made plural? el gato the cats el color the colors el perro the dogs la persona the persons el papel the papers; the roles la montaña the mountains la bicicleta the bicycles la actividad the activities el atleta the athletes el autobús the buses la computadora the computers la televisión the televisions Raise your hand!

46. How can these words correctly be made plural? el gato the cats el color the colors el perro the dogs la persona the persons el papel the papers; the roles la montaña the mountains la bicicleta the bicycles la actividad the activities el atleta the athletes el autobús the buses la computadora the computers la televisión the televisions Raise your hand! Practice!

47. How can these words correctly be made plural? el gato los gatos the cats el color the colors el perro the dogs la persona the persons el papel the papers; the roles la montaña the mountains la bicicleta the bicycles la actividad the activities el atleta the athletes el autobús the buses la computadora the computers la televisión the televisions Raise your hand! Practice!

48. How can these words correctly be made plural? el gato los gatos the cats el color the colors el perro the dogs la persona the persons el papel the papers; the roles la montaña the mountains la bicicleta the bicycles la actividad the activities el atleta the athletes el autobús the buses la computadora the computers la televisión the televisions Raise your hand! Practice!

49. How can these words correctly be made plural? el gato los gatos the cats el color los colores the colors el perro the dogs la persona the persons el papel the papers; the roles la montaña the mountains la bicicleta the bicycles la actividad the activities el atleta the athletes el autobús the buses la computadora the computers la televisión the televisions Raise your hand! Practice!

50. How can these words correctly be made plural? el gato los gatos the cats el color los colores the colors el perro the dogs la persona the persons el papel the papers; the roles la montaña the mountains la bicicleta the bicycles la actividad the activities el atleta the athletes el autobús the buses la computadora the computers la televisión the televisions Raise your hand! Practice!

51. How can these words correctly be made plural? el gato los gatos the cats el color los colores the colors el perro los perros the dogs la persona the persons el papel the papers; the roles la montaña the mountains la bicicleta the bicycles la actividad the activities el atleta the athletes el autobús the buses la computadora the computers la televisión the televisions Raise your hand! Practice!

52. How can these words correctly be made plural? el gato los gatos the cats el color los colores the colors el perro los perros the dogs la persona the persons el papel the papers; the roles la montaña the mountains la bicicleta the bicycles la actividad the activities el atleta the athletes el autobús the buses la computadora the computers la televisión the televisions Raise your hand! Practice!

53. How can these words correctly be made plural? el gato los gatos the cats el color los colores the colors el perro los perros the dogs la persona las personas the persons el papel the papers; the roles la montaña the mountains la bicicleta the bicycles la actividad the activities el atleta the athletes el autobús the buses la computadora the computers la televisión the televisions Raise your hand! Practice!

54. How can these words correctly be made plural? el gato los gatos the cats el color los colores the colors el perro los perros the dogs la persona las personas the persons el papel the papers; the roles la montaña the mountains la bicicleta the bicycles la actividad the activities el atleta the athletes el autobús the buses la computadora the computers la televisión the televisions Raise your hand! Practice!

55. How can these words correctly be made plural? el gato los gatos the cats el color los colores the colors el perro los perros the dogs la persona las personas the persons el papel los papeles the papers; the roles la montaña the mountains la bicicleta the bicycles la actividad the activities el atleta the athletes el autobús the buses la computadora the computers la televisión the televisions Raise your hand! Practice!

56. How can these words correctly be made plural? el gato los gatos the cats el color los colores the colors el perro los perros the dogs la persona las personas the persons el papel los papeles the papers; the roles la montaña the mountains la bicicleta the bicycles la actividad the activities el atleta the athletes el autobús the buses la computadora the computers la televisión the televisions Raise your hand! Practice!

57. How can these words correctly be made plural? el gato los gatos the cats el color los colores the colors el perro los perros the dogs la persona las personas the persons el papel los papeles the papers; the roles la montaña las mon tañas the mountains la bicicleta the bicycles la actividad the activities el atleta the athletes el autobús the buses la computadora the computers la televisión the televisions Raise your hand! Practice!

58. How can these words correctly be made plural? el gato los gatos the cats el color los colores the colors el perro los perros the dogs la persona las personas the persons el papel los papeles the papers; the roles la montaña las mon tañas the mountains la bicicleta the bicycles la actividad the activities el atleta the athletes el autobús the buses la computadora the computers la televisión the televisions Raise your hand! Practice!

59. How can these words correctly be made plural? el gato los gatos the cats el color los colores the colors el perro los perros the dogs la persona las personas the persons el papel los papeles the papers; the roles la montaña las mon tañas the mountains la bicicleta las bicicletas the bicycles la actividad the activities el atleta the athletes el autobús the buses la computadora the computers la televisión the televisions Raise your hand! Practice!

60. How can these words correctly be made plural? el gato los gatos the cats el color los colores the colors el perro los perros the dogs la persona las personas the persons el papel los papeles the papers; the roles la montaña las mon tañas the mountains la bicicleta las bicicletas the bicycles la actividad the activities el atleta the athletes el autobús the buses la computadora the computers la televisión the televisions Raise your hand! Practice!

61. How can these words correctly be made plural? el gato los gatos the cats el color los colores the colors el perro los perros the dogs la persona las personas the persons el papel los papeles the papers; the roles la montaña las mon tañas the mountains la bicicleta las bicicletas the bicycles la actividad las actividades the activities el atleta the athletes el autobús the buses la computadora the computers la televisión the televisions Raise your hand! Practice!

62. How can these words correctly be made plural? el gato los gatos the cats el color los colores the colors el perro los perros the dogs la persona las personas the persons el papel los papeles the papers; the roles la montaña las mon tañas the mountains la bicicleta las bicicletas the bicycles la actividad las actividades the activities el atleta the athletes el autobús the buses la computadora the computers la televisión the televisions Raise your hand! Practice!

63. How can these words correctly be made plural? el gato los gatos the cats el color los colores the colors el perro los perros the dogs la persona las personas the persons el papel los papeles the papers; the roles la montaña las mon tañas the mountains la bicicleta las bicicletas the bicycles la actividad las actividades the activities el atleta los atletas the athletes el autobús the buses la computadora the computers la televisión the televisions Raise your hand! Practice!

64. How can these words correctly be made plural? el gato los gatos the cats el color los colores the colors el perro los perros the dogs la persona las personas the persons el papel los papeles the papers; the roles la montaña las mon tañas the mountains la bicicleta las bicicletas the bicycles la actividad las actividades the activities el atleta los atletas the athletes el autobús the buses la computadora the computers la televisión the televisions Raise your hand! Practice!

65. How can these words correctly be made plural? el gato los gatos the cats el color los colores the colors el perro los perros the dogs la persona las personas the persons el papel los papeles the papers; the roles la montaña las mon tañas the mountains la bicicleta las bicicletas the bicycles la actividad las actividades the activities el atleta los atletas the athletes el autobús los autobuses the buses la computadora the computers la televisión the televisions Raise your hand! Practice!

66. How can these words correctly be made plural? el gato los gatos the cats el color los colores the colors el perro los perros the dogs la persona las personas the persons el papel los papeles the papers; the roles la montaña las mon tañas the mountains la bicicleta las bicicletas the bicycles la actividad las actividades the activities el atleta los atletas the athletes el autobús los autobuses the buses la computadora the computers la televisión the televisions Raise your hand! Practice!

67. How can these words correctly be made plural? el gato los gatos the cats el color los colores the colors el perro los perros the dogs la persona las personas the persons el papel los papeles the papers; the roles la montaña las mon tañas the mountains la bicicleta las bicicletas the bicycles la actividad las actividades the activities el atleta los atletas the athletes el autobús los autobuses the buses la computadora las computadoras the computers la televisión the televisions Raise your hand! Practice!

68. How can these words correctly be made plural? el gato los gatos the cats el color los colores the colors el perro los perros the dogs la persona las personas the persons el papel los papeles the papers; the roles la montaña las mon tañas the mountains la bicicleta las bicicletas the bicycles la actividad las actividades the activities el atleta los atletas the athletes el autobús los autobuses the buses la computadora las computadoras the computers la televisión the televisions Raise your hand! Practice!

69. How can these words correctly be made plural? el gato los gatos the cats el color los colores the colors el perro los perros the dogs la persona las personas the persons el papel los papeles the papers; the roles la montaña las mon tañas the mountains la bicicleta las bicicletas the bicycles la actividad las actividades the activities el atleta los atletas the athletes el autobús los autobuses the buses la computadora las computadoras the computers la televisión las televisiones the televisions Raise your hand! Practice!

70. Adjectives – Singular and Plural Adjectives give description to plain nouns like “boy” or “sky” to become “good boy” or “blue sky.” Adjectives change depending upon the noun—if the noun is masculine or feminine, and/or if it is singular or plural. Example: Masculine Singular Masculine Plural Masculine Singular Masculine Plural automóvil rojo automóviles rojos el automóvil rojo los automóviles rojos red automobile red automobiles the red automobile the red automobiles Feminine Singular Feminine Plural Feminine Singular Feminine Plural caja roja cajas rojas la caja roja las cajas rojas red box red boxes the red box the red boxes A noun and adjective An article, noun and adjective Adjectives have other rules, but we’ll cover them in another lesson.

71. The “–o” and “–a” endings of the nouns and adjectives are similar: – o compliments –o –a compliments –a – os compliments –os –as compliments –as: Spanish English libr o roj o red book caj a roj a red box libr os roj os red books caj as roj as red boxes This includes articles as well: Spanish English el libr o roj o the red book l a caj a roj a the red box l os libr os roj os the red books l as caj as roj as the red boxes Adjectives – Singular and Plural

72. Consonant endings— -dad, -ud, -tión, -r and –l are a little different! Just like with some nouns, there are some adjectives that end in a consonant and not a vowel. For singular descriptions, adjectives will stay the same, but for plural, add -es to the end of the adjective. Singular Plural Spanish English Spanish English la muchacha popular the popular gal las muchachas popular es the popular gals el muchacho popular the popular guy los muchachos popular es the popular guys Adjectives – Singular and Plural

73. Lesson Complete Questions? In this lesson, we covered Singular vs. plural, ”The” singular and plural, definite articles, singular and plural nouns for the common endings “–o” “–a” and other uncommon endings, and the rules of formation for singular and plural adjectives. Keep practicing! Flashcard Sets: Singular and Plural Nouns http://www.livemocha.com/flashcardSets/view/240741 Singular and Plural Adjectives http://www.livemocha.com/flashcard_sets/view/243616 Keep doing Livemocha Lessons! Practice with native speakers on Livemocha Pay attention to native speakers’ use of singular and plural nouns.