Sideroblastic anemia is a group of disorders characterized by the presence of ringed sideroblasts in bone marrow, which can be inherited or acquired from various causes. Symptoms include fatigue, weakness, and shortness of breath, with laboratory findings indicating hypochromic anemia and elevated serum ferritin levels. While there is no cure, management involves monitoring, lifestyle adjustments, and, in some cases, treatments like stem cell transplantation and iron chelation therapy.

1. Toufeeq Mallick
Sideroblastic Anemia

2. Content
Definition
Types
Symptoms
Laboratory Findings
Treatment
Living with Sideroblastic Anemia
Conclution

3. Definition
Sideroblastic anemia comprise a group of
disorders of diverse etiology in which the
nucleated erythroid precursors in the bone
marrow, show charac teristic ‘ringed sideroblasts.’

4. Types of Sideroblastic Anaemia
Inherited:
X-linked (most common)
Autosomal dominant
Autosomal recessive
Acquired:
Myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS)
Certain medications
(isoniazid, chloramphenicol)
Alcohol abuse
Lead poisoning
Copper deficiency
Chronic infections or inflammation

5. Symptoms
Fatigue
Weakness
Pale skin
Shortness of breath
Dizziness
Headache
Enlarged spleen (Splenomegaly)

6. LABORATORY FINDINGS
The blood picture shows hypochromic anaemia
which may be microcytic.
Absolute values (MCV, MCH and MCHC) are
reduced in hereditary type but MCV is often raised
in acquired type.
Bone marrow examination shows erythroid
hyperplasia with usually macronormoblastic
erythropoiesis.
Serum ferritin levels are raised.
Serum iron is usually raised with almost complete
saturation of TIBC.

7. Treatment
The treatment of secondary sideroblastic anaemia is
primarily focussed on removal of the offending agent. No
definite treatment is available for hereditary and
idiopathic types of sideroblastic anemias.
Some options are:-
Stem cell transplantation
Blood transfusition
Iron cheletion therapy( Remove
excess iron)

8. Living with Sideroblastic Anemia
There is no cure for sideroblastic anemia,
but it can be managed with treatment.
People with sideroblastic anemia should:
See their doctor regularly for
monitoring
Get enough rest
Eat a healthy diet
Avoid triggers ( alcohol)

9. Conclusion
Sideroblastic anemia is a rare blood disorder
that can affect anyone.
Early diagnosis and treatment are important for
managing the condition and improving quality of
life.
There is ongoing research to find new
treatments for sideroblastic anemia.