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Similar to Hemolytic anemia
Hemolytic anemia
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- 2. Anemia Acute BloodLoss Under production Overdestruction Hemolytic Anemia Intrinsic Hb Defect Sickle Cell Membrane Defect Spherocytosis Enzyme Deficiency G6PD Extrinsic Valve Complement Antibodies CAUSES
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- 6. MECHANISM OF HEMOLYSIS • Extravascular •Intra vascular
- 7. EXTRAVASCULAR HEMOLYSIS Destruction of RedCell by Reticuloendothelial cells in the liver, spleen and lymph node
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- 12. SICKLE CELL ANEMIA •Autosomal recessive mutation in B chain of Hb • >90% HbS • Increase risk of sickling • Hypoxemia • Dehydration • Acidosis
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- 15. Thalassemia Anemia due todecrease synthesis of the globin chains of hemoglobin Decrease Globin Decrease Hb Microcytic Anemia
- 18. Red Cell EnzymeDeficiency
- 19. Glucose-6-Phosphate Dehydrogenase Deficiency G6PD deficiencyis associated with transient episodes of intravascular hemolysis caused by exposure to an environmental factor (usually infectious agents or drugs) that produces oxidant stress.
- 20. G6PDH NADPH Reduced Glutathione Oxidative Injury byH2O2 INTRAVASCULAR HEMOLYSIS
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- 26. How to readlabs? • Hemolysis “Both” • Especially intravascularIf haptoglobin is Low • Both • Especially ExtravascularIncreased UCB • BothIncreased LDH • IntravascularUrine Hb & Hemosiderin • ExtravascularSplenomegaly
- 27. Hereditary Causes of hemolytic anemia: • Abnormalityin the cell membrane cytoskeleton leads to spherocytosis and elliptocytosis. RBC cell membrane defect: • G-6-PD deficiency. • Pyruvate kinase deficiency. • Hexokinase deficiency • Glutathione synthetase deficiency Red cell enzyme deficiency: • Hemoglobin synthesis defect like Thalassemia. • Abnormal structure of the hemoglobin-like Sickle cell anemia, Hb E Disorders of hemoglobin synthesis:
- 28. Acquired Causes ofhemolytic anemia: Antibody-mediated cytotoxic reaction (Type II) like ABO incompatibility. Microangiopathic hemolytic anemia Infections: Hemolytic anemia Paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria.
Editor's Notes
- #15 Hydroxyurea makes your red blood cells bigger. It helps them stay rounder and more flexible — and makes them less likely to turn into a sickle shape. The medicine does this by increasing a special kind of hemoglobin called hemoglobin F. Hemoglobin F is also called fetal hemoglobin because newborn babies have it.