Shovel and dumper combination is a type of heavy equipment used in open cast mining operations. It is composed of two separate machines, a front-end loader (shovel) and a backhoe (dumper). The shovel is used to scoop ore, rock, or other materials out of the mine, while the dumper carries the load to a designated area for further processing. This combination of machines allows for faster and more efficient mining operations, as the shovel can quickly scoop up large quantities of material, while the dumper can move the load quickly and safely. The shovel and dumper combination is an indispensable asset for any open cast mine, allowing for fast, efficient, and safe extraction of materials.
In this pdf one can get the different types of equipment used in surface mines which is very important from the examination point of view. important regulations are also included in this .
rock excavation, different open cast or open pit excavation machinery, application, limitations, highwall miner, bucket wheel excavatorr, bucket chain excavator, shovels
In this pdf one can get the different types of equipment used in surface mines which is very important from the examination point of view. important regulations are also included in this .
rock excavation, different open cast or open pit excavation machinery, application, limitations, highwall miner, bucket wheel excavatorr, bucket chain excavator, shovels
Its a presentation about the design aspect of open cast mine. The author believes it will surely help the mining engineering students at the beginning level.
The basic principle of BG method is to be extract thick coal seams by drilling and blasting of roof and sides of gallery, which are driven at the bottom at the bottom of the seam at regular intervals.
Blasting gallery method is the appropriate method for the extraction of thick seam.
BLASTING OF RING HOLES PRODUCTION PER RING BLAST EXPLAINED
pillar design in coal mines, different pillar design approaches, salmon versus sheorey formulae, panel stability, diffrent approaches, local mine stiffness
Longwall; Longwall in coal; Longwall in Hard Rock; Sublevel Caving; Characteristics of the ore body and mining method; Development; Production; Equipments Used; Block Caving, Introduction, Historical evolution of the method, Condition deposit; Principles of the method; Methodology of block caving; Basic issues of geomechanical to the black caving method; Caveability;Mine design Block caving; Fragmentation and extraction control; Subsidence associated; Advantages and Disadvantages of Block Caving
Becky Thomas MINE 417 PRESENTATION.pptxBeckyThomas44
This is a research work given by senior lecturer Shri Adolpus M.G.D Gleekia at the university of Liberia. To discuss and get details understanding on bucket capacity, excavators, electric shovel, long ton and short ton and tonnage factors.
This research is also meant to show vivid images for the identification of essential mining equipments and their calculation aspect.
This research work was given by Shri. Adolphus M.G.D. Gleekia, senior lecturer at the University of Liberia during Mine 417 lectures to get an in depth understanding and technical evaluation of bucket capacity, XCMG-90-tons dumper and its working capacity, excavators, components of an excavator, types of excavator, electric shovel, components of an electric shovel, differences between long ton and short ton and the tonnage factor.
This research also focuses on the working capacities of those mining equipments and a vivid images for identification.
The calculations of the bucket capacity, tonnage factor and conversions factors of long ton and short ton was also examined.
Its a presentation about the design aspect of open cast mine. The author believes it will surely help the mining engineering students at the beginning level.
The basic principle of BG method is to be extract thick coal seams by drilling and blasting of roof and sides of gallery, which are driven at the bottom at the bottom of the seam at regular intervals.
Blasting gallery method is the appropriate method for the extraction of thick seam.
BLASTING OF RING HOLES PRODUCTION PER RING BLAST EXPLAINED
pillar design in coal mines, different pillar design approaches, salmon versus sheorey formulae, panel stability, diffrent approaches, local mine stiffness
Longwall; Longwall in coal; Longwall in Hard Rock; Sublevel Caving; Characteristics of the ore body and mining method; Development; Production; Equipments Used; Block Caving, Introduction, Historical evolution of the method, Condition deposit; Principles of the method; Methodology of block caving; Basic issues of geomechanical to the black caving method; Caveability;Mine design Block caving; Fragmentation and extraction control; Subsidence associated; Advantages and Disadvantages of Block Caving
Becky Thomas MINE 417 PRESENTATION.pptxBeckyThomas44
This is a research work given by senior lecturer Shri Adolpus M.G.D Gleekia at the university of Liberia. To discuss and get details understanding on bucket capacity, excavators, electric shovel, long ton and short ton and tonnage factors.
This research is also meant to show vivid images for the identification of essential mining equipments and their calculation aspect.
This research work was given by Shri. Adolphus M.G.D. Gleekia, senior lecturer at the University of Liberia during Mine 417 lectures to get an in depth understanding and technical evaluation of bucket capacity, XCMG-90-tons dumper and its working capacity, excavators, components of an excavator, types of excavator, electric shovel, components of an electric shovel, differences between long ton and short ton and the tonnage factor.
This research also focuses on the working capacities of those mining equipments and a vivid images for identification.
The calculations of the bucket capacity, tonnage factor and conversions factors of long ton and short ton was also examined.
Students, digital devices and success - Andreas Schleicher - 27 May 2024..pptxEduSkills OECD
Andreas Schleicher presents at the OECD webinar ‘Digital devices in schools: detrimental distraction or secret to success?’ on 27 May 2024. The presentation was based on findings from PISA 2022 results and the webinar helped launch the PISA in Focus ‘Managing screen time: How to protect and equip students against distraction’ https://www.oecd-ilibrary.org/education/managing-screen-time_7c225af4-en and the OECD Education Policy Perspective ‘Students, digital devices and success’ can be found here - https://oe.cd/il/5yV
The Roman Empire A Historical Colossus.pdfkaushalkr1407
The Roman Empire, a vast and enduring power, stands as one of history's most remarkable civilizations, leaving an indelible imprint on the world. It emerged from the Roman Republic, transitioning into an imperial powerhouse under the leadership of Augustus Caesar in 27 BCE. This transformation marked the beginning of an era defined by unprecedented territorial expansion, architectural marvels, and profound cultural influence.
The empire's roots lie in the city of Rome, founded, according to legend, by Romulus in 753 BCE. Over centuries, Rome evolved from a small settlement to a formidable republic, characterized by a complex political system with elected officials and checks on power. However, internal strife, class conflicts, and military ambitions paved the way for the end of the Republic. Julius Caesar’s dictatorship and subsequent assassination in 44 BCE created a power vacuum, leading to a civil war. Octavian, later Augustus, emerged victorious, heralding the Roman Empire’s birth.
Under Augustus, the empire experienced the Pax Romana, a 200-year period of relative peace and stability. Augustus reformed the military, established efficient administrative systems, and initiated grand construction projects. The empire's borders expanded, encompassing territories from Britain to Egypt and from Spain to the Euphrates. Roman legions, renowned for their discipline and engineering prowess, secured and maintained these vast territories, building roads, fortifications, and cities that facilitated control and integration.
The Roman Empire’s society was hierarchical, with a rigid class system. At the top were the patricians, wealthy elites who held significant political power. Below them were the plebeians, free citizens with limited political influence, and the vast numbers of slaves who formed the backbone of the economy. The family unit was central, governed by the paterfamilias, the male head who held absolute authority.
Culturally, the Romans were eclectic, absorbing and adapting elements from the civilizations they encountered, particularly the Greeks. Roman art, literature, and philosophy reflected this synthesis, creating a rich cultural tapestry. Latin, the Roman language, became the lingua franca of the Western world, influencing numerous modern languages.
Roman architecture and engineering achievements were monumental. They perfected the arch, vault, and dome, constructing enduring structures like the Colosseum, Pantheon, and aqueducts. These engineering marvels not only showcased Roman ingenuity but also served practical purposes, from public entertainment to water supply.
The French Revolution, which began in 1789, was a period of radical social and political upheaval in France. It marked the decline of absolute monarchies, the rise of secular and democratic republics, and the eventual rise of Napoleon Bonaparte. This revolutionary period is crucial in understanding the transition from feudalism to modernity in Europe.
For more information, visit-www.vavaclasses.com
Synthetic Fiber Construction in lab .pptxPavel ( NSTU)
Synthetic fiber production is a fascinating and complex field that blends chemistry, engineering, and environmental science. By understanding these aspects, students can gain a comprehensive view of synthetic fiber production, its impact on society and the environment, and the potential for future innovations. Synthetic fibers play a crucial role in modern society, impacting various aspects of daily life, industry, and the environment. ynthetic fibers are integral to modern life, offering a range of benefits from cost-effectiveness and versatility to innovative applications and performance characteristics. While they pose environmental challenges, ongoing research and development aim to create more sustainable and eco-friendly alternatives. Understanding the importance of synthetic fibers helps in appreciating their role in the economy, industry, and daily life, while also emphasizing the need for sustainable practices and innovation.
2024.06.01 Introducing a competency framework for languag learning materials ...Sandy Millin
http://sandymillin.wordpress.com/iateflwebinar2024
Published classroom materials form the basis of syllabuses, drive teacher professional development, and have a potentially huge influence on learners, teachers and education systems. All teachers also create their own materials, whether a few sentences on a blackboard, a highly-structured fully-realised online course, or anything in between. Despite this, the knowledge and skills needed to create effective language learning materials are rarely part of teacher training, and are mostly learnt by trial and error.
Knowledge and skills frameworks, generally called competency frameworks, for ELT teachers, trainers and managers have existed for a few years now. However, until I created one for my MA dissertation, there wasn’t one drawing together what we need to know and do to be able to effectively produce language learning materials.
This webinar will introduce you to my framework, highlighting the key competencies I identified from my research. It will also show how anybody involved in language teaching (any language, not just English!), teacher training, managing schools or developing language learning materials can benefit from using the framework.
2. ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
I would like to express my profound gratitude to Dr. B. K. Mishra (HOD) of Department of Mining Engineering,
AKS University, Satna, and Mr. Dr. G. K. Pradhan (Dean) of Engineering Department, AKS University, Satna, for
their contributions to the completion of my project titled SHOVEL AND DUMPER COMBINATION.
I would like to express my special thanks to our mentor Er. A. K. Mittal, professor Department of Mining
Engineering for his time and efforts he provided throughout the year. Your useful advice and suggestions were really
helpful to me during the project’s completion. In this aspect, I am eternally grateful to you.
I would like to acknowledge that this project was completed entirely by me and not by someone else.
AUQIB JAVED
B.TECH. (LE) MINING ENGINEERING
3. ABSTRACT
This paper reports on a study of the use of a shovel and dumper combination for
open-cast mining operations. The study was conducted by analyzing the
performance of the combination in terms of production and cost. The results
showed that the use of a shovel and dumper combination was more efficient and
cost-effective than other excavation and loading methods. The results further
revealed that the combination provided better productivity and lower total costs
when compared to other methods. The study concluded that the combination can
be an effective tool for open-cast mining operations. The combination can provide
flexibility and cost-effectiveness when compared to other excavation and loading
methods.
4. Shovel In Mines
INTRODUCTION - Shovel is the most commonly used excavating
equipment in opencast mines. It is mounted on crawler.
This machine excavate the rock or ore by digging for its operating
base to upward (crown motion) & dump it either on the dumper or
railway wagon or on the spoil heap.
Shovel may be electrically operated or diesel operated depending
on the mode of transmission.
There are basically two types of shovel used in mining operations.
a)Rope Shovel b)Hydraulic Shovel
5. Hydraulic Shovel and combinations
Rope Shovel and combination
SELECTION CRITERIA FOR OPEN CAST MINE EQUIPMENT
Shovel Dumper Combination :-
This is the most commonly used equipment in open cast mines.
Basically low variants – Rope Shovels and Hydraulic Shovels.
Electric and diesel driven equipment are available.
Bucket capacities very much 0.9 cubic meter to 43 cubic meter.
Selection depends on the parting wise volumes to be removed.
6. SELECTION CRITERIA FOR OC EQPT.
HYDRAULIC SHOVELS
Versatile Easiest to much from place to place.
Productivity is higher than Rope Shovel.
Can match on Steep gradient.
Can be deployed for removal age portion's in the last OB Bench ( over coal seams)
Can be used for preparation sump and drains.
Load on Dumper placed at the some level as that of the Shovel or on Dumper placed below the Shovel
level.
Can be used for removal of soft coal/strata without blasting.
Can be deployed for removal of thin seams.
Initial capital is low compared to rope Shovel.
7. SELECTION CRITERIA FOR OC EQPT.
ROPE SHOVELS
life is large compared to hydraulic shovel ( 20 to 25).
Initial capital is high compared to hydraulics
Shovels.
Can work only on mild gradient of around 1 in 10.
Can we deployed where Less margins are required.
8. Productivity calculation of Shovel
1. Bucket capacity = volume of bucket.
2. Bucket fill factor/bucket fill ratio = actual volume of material inside the bucket/volume of bucket.
3. Swell factor = Weight per unit volume before blasting
Weight per unit volume after blasting
4. Availability factor = shift hours – maintenance hours – breakdown hours
shift hours
5. Utilisation factor = shift hours – maintenance hours – breakdown hours – idle hours
shift hours
9. Numerical Calculation
Question number 1
In a shovel loading of broken iron ore if loading cycle time of the Shovel of 5 cubic metre bucket capacity is 60 second, bucket fill ratio is 0.8, rock looseness factor/swell factor is
1.5 and Shovel working time utilisation factor is 0.6 then calculate per day output of Shovel is.....
Answer
Productivity calculation =
1. Calculate the volume is lifted by bucket in a cycle time.
Volume in a pass bucket can load = bucket capacity × bucket fill factor
Swell factor
1. When volume lifted by bucket in a pass is calculated then calculate for desired time period.
2. Calculate actual productivity by multiplying with utilisation factor.
= 5×0.8
1.5
= 2.67 cubic in a pass
Cycle time for a pass in 60 second then
in a hour = 2.67×60 = 160.2
For a day 160.2×24 = 3844.8 cubic metre ( it is for 100% utilisation)
But in given problem utilisation factor is 0.6 only so = 3844.8×0.6 = 2306.8 cubic metre per day.
10. The Main Parts Of Rope Shovel Are:
• Dipper Door
• Dipper Trip Rope
• Swing Rack
• Crowd Machinery
• Bucket
• Hoist Ropes
• Boom Point Sheaves
• Take-Cup Cylinders
• Suspension Strands
• Crowd Rope Hydraulic Adjusting Unit
• Operator’s Cab
• Crawler Assembly
• Machinery House
11. The Main Parts Of Hydraulic Shovel Are:
• Boom
• Ram/Cylinder
• Engine/Counterweight
• Drive Sprocket
• Operator Cabin
• Crawler Chain
• Bucket
• Hydraulic Cylinder (Boom)
• Hydraulic Cylinder ( Bucket)
12. A shovel’s work cycle, or digging cycle,
consists of four phases:
a) Digging
b) Dumping
c) Swinging
d) Returning
13. A shovel’s work cycle, or digging cycle,
consists of four phases:
1. The digging phase consists of crowding the dipper into the bank, hoisting the
dipper to fill it, then retracting the full dipper
2. The swinging phase occurs once the dipper is clear of the bank both vertically
and horizontally. The operator controls the dipper through a planned swing
path and dump height until it is suitably positioned over the haul unit (e.g.
truck).
3. Dumping involves opening the dipper door to dump the load, while
maintaining the correct dump height.
4. Returning is when the dipper swings back to the bank, and involves lowering
the dipper into the track position to close the dipper door.
14. Comparison Between Rope Shovel &
Hydraulic Shovel
Rope Shovel
In rope shovel the power transmission is
through steel wire rope.
Efficiency of power transmission is less
with rope haulage.
Cycle time is more.
Noise level is high.
Maintenance cost is more.
Initial capital is high compared to
hydraulic shovel.
Life is large compared to hydraulic
shovels around 20 to 25 Years.
Hydraulic Shovel
In hydraulic shovel the power transmission is
through hydraulic pressure.
The efficiency of hydraulic shovel is excellent.
Cycle time is less.
Noise level is low and smother operation.
Maintenance cost is less.
Initial capital is low compared to Rope shovel.
The life of shovel is less around 9 to 12 years
only.
15. Conclusion
The use of the shovel and dumper combination has proven to
be an effective and efficient way to mine in open cast mines.
This method is both economical and environmentally friendly
and allows for larger volumes of ore to be extracted in a shorter
period of time. The combination of the two machines also
reduces the risk of injury and increases safety for the miners.
Furthermore, the combination increases the efficiency of the
mining process and maximizes profits. Overall, the shovel and
dumper combination is an effective mining technique for open
cast mines.
