What is tight reservoir?
To Understanding Tight Oil
Principle Types of Tight Reservoir; CHARACTERISTIC OF TIGHT RESERVOIR; FACTORS TO CONSIDER FOR TIGHT RESERVOIR; LOGGING IN TIGHT RESERVOIR;TECHNIQUES TO PRODUCE FROM TIGHT RESERVOIR; Light Tight Oil (LTO) Recovery; TIGHT OIL CHALLENGES; TIGHT OIL SOLUTIONS; WORLD ESTIMATE of TIGHT OIL
What is a Typical Unconventional Gas Reservoir?
Compare between Conventional vs. Unconventional Reservoir
What are Unconventional Resources…!
Why Do We Need Unconventional Reservoirs ?
Unconventional Gas Reservoir; Unconventional Resources; Worldwide Unconventional Gas Production; Types of Natural Gas Resource; The Resource Triangle
What is tight reservoir?
To Understanding Tight Oil
Principle Types of Tight Reservoir; CHARACTERISTIC OF TIGHT RESERVOIR; FACTORS TO CONSIDER FOR TIGHT RESERVOIR; LOGGING IN TIGHT RESERVOIR;TECHNIQUES TO PRODUCE FROM TIGHT RESERVOIR; Light Tight Oil (LTO) Recovery; TIGHT OIL CHALLENGES; TIGHT OIL SOLUTIONS; WORLD ESTIMATE of TIGHT OIL
What is a Typical Unconventional Gas Reservoir?
Compare between Conventional vs. Unconventional Reservoir
What are Unconventional Resources…!
Why Do We Need Unconventional Reservoirs ?
Unconventional Gas Reservoir; Unconventional Resources; Worldwide Unconventional Gas Production; Types of Natural Gas Resource; The Resource Triangle
Reservoir Porosity; Porosity Definition; Types Porosity; Origins of Porosity in Clastics and Carbonates; Primary (Original) Porosity; Secondary (Induced) Porosity; Pore Space Porosity Classification; Absolute (or Total) Porosity; Effective Porosity; Porosity Calculated; Porosity Values; Porosity in Sandstone; Sandstones Porosity Types; Factors That Affect Porosity in Sandstones ; Grain Packing in Sandstone; Progressive Destruction of Bedding Through Bioturbation; Dual Porosity in Sandstone; Dissolution Porosity in Sandstone; Porosity in Carbonate; Carbonates Porosity Types; Idealized Carbonate Porosity Types; Comparison of Total and Effective Porosities; Reservoir Average Porosity; MEASUREMENT OF POROSITY
The reservoir (rock porosity and permeability)salahudintanoli
Reservoir rock is the one of the important component in petroleum system i.e without it petroleum system is impossible. This presentation contain all necessary information regarding reservoir rock.
Contains a short description of source rock and it is classified whilst making due diligence to relate it to its importance to geologist (or economic importance in general)
WELL LOG : Types of Logs, The Bore Hole Image, Interpreting Geophysical Well Logs, applications, Production logs, Well Log Classification and Cataloging
Reservoir engineering is the field to evaluate field performance by performing reservoir modeling studies and explore opportunities to maximize the value of both exploration and production properties to enhance hydrocarbon production.
Evaluation of CO2 Storage Capacity and EOR in the Bakken Shale Oil ReservoirsHamid Lashgari
This paper presents a new perspective in modeling and analyzing efficiency of CO2 and miscible gas injection for potential enhanced oil recovery (EOR) and CO2 storage in shale oil plays. Our major focuses are conceptual and fundamental understanding of the dominant trapping and oil recovery mechanisms behind miscible gas injection. The efficiency of the CO2 Huff-n-Puff process in shale oil production has been widely investigated in recent years because of the ultra-low permeability (1 to 100 µD) of shale oil reservoirs and poor geological connectivity between hydraulic fractured wells. Here we used hydrocarbon fluid properties of a Middle Bakken tight oil reservoir, and considered a wide range of permeability (from 1 to 100µD) and isotherm adsorption properties for CO2 and CH4. A large scale numerical model was set up to simulate and capture the important mechanisms behind various miscible gas injection scenarios.
Simulation results reveal that CO2 adsorption and CH4 desorption along with molecular diffusion of hydrocarbon components are crucial in the presence of organic matter content and pores, however, recycle enriched gas injection demonstrated a high oil recovery compared to miscible CO2 injection. Although CO2 adsorption is large in organic rich shale oil based on literature measurements, CO2 efficiency in enhancing oil recovery is not as much as recycle enriched gas with ethane (C2). However, CO2 trapping may be substantial due to adsorption (5.0% to 10%) and other conventional trapping mechanisms, and the amount of CO2 trapped could be a significant fraction of the total injected amount (25% to 50% considering other trapping mechanisms such as CO¬2 dissolution, residual, and free gas). Simulation results strongly support that CO2 molecular diffusion can assist in the deep penetration of CO2 to touch larger surface area of matrix to become adsorbed, as well as dissolved in other coexisting phases and residual trapping.
Reservoir Porosity; Porosity Definition; Types Porosity; Origins of Porosity in Clastics and Carbonates; Primary (Original) Porosity; Secondary (Induced) Porosity; Pore Space Porosity Classification; Absolute (or Total) Porosity; Effective Porosity; Porosity Calculated; Porosity Values; Porosity in Sandstone; Sandstones Porosity Types; Factors That Affect Porosity in Sandstones ; Grain Packing in Sandstone; Progressive Destruction of Bedding Through Bioturbation; Dual Porosity in Sandstone; Dissolution Porosity in Sandstone; Porosity in Carbonate; Carbonates Porosity Types; Idealized Carbonate Porosity Types; Comparison of Total and Effective Porosities; Reservoir Average Porosity; MEASUREMENT OF POROSITY
The reservoir (rock porosity and permeability)salahudintanoli
Reservoir rock is the one of the important component in petroleum system i.e without it petroleum system is impossible. This presentation contain all necessary information regarding reservoir rock.
Contains a short description of source rock and it is classified whilst making due diligence to relate it to its importance to geologist (or economic importance in general)
WELL LOG : Types of Logs, The Bore Hole Image, Interpreting Geophysical Well Logs, applications, Production logs, Well Log Classification and Cataloging
Reservoir engineering is the field to evaluate field performance by performing reservoir modeling studies and explore opportunities to maximize the value of both exploration and production properties to enhance hydrocarbon production.
Evaluation of CO2 Storage Capacity and EOR in the Bakken Shale Oil ReservoirsHamid Lashgari
This paper presents a new perspective in modeling and analyzing efficiency of CO2 and miscible gas injection for potential enhanced oil recovery (EOR) and CO2 storage in shale oil plays. Our major focuses are conceptual and fundamental understanding of the dominant trapping and oil recovery mechanisms behind miscible gas injection. The efficiency of the CO2 Huff-n-Puff process in shale oil production has been widely investigated in recent years because of the ultra-low permeability (1 to 100 µD) of shale oil reservoirs and poor geological connectivity between hydraulic fractured wells. Here we used hydrocarbon fluid properties of a Middle Bakken tight oil reservoir, and considered a wide range of permeability (from 1 to 100µD) and isotherm adsorption properties for CO2 and CH4. A large scale numerical model was set up to simulate and capture the important mechanisms behind various miscible gas injection scenarios.
Simulation results reveal that CO2 adsorption and CH4 desorption along with molecular diffusion of hydrocarbon components are crucial in the presence of organic matter content and pores, however, recycle enriched gas injection demonstrated a high oil recovery compared to miscible CO2 injection. Although CO2 adsorption is large in organic rich shale oil based on literature measurements, CO2 efficiency in enhancing oil recovery is not as much as recycle enriched gas with ethane (C2). However, CO2 trapping may be substantial due to adsorption (5.0% to 10%) and other conventional trapping mechanisms, and the amount of CO2 trapped could be a significant fraction of the total injected amount (25% to 50% considering other trapping mechanisms such as CO¬2 dissolution, residual, and free gas). Simulation results strongly support that CO2 molecular diffusion can assist in the deep penetration of CO2 to touch larger surface area of matrix to become adsorbed, as well as dissolved in other coexisting phases and residual trapping.
A presentation illustrating the phenomena of NGH including a brief introduction about the NGH , the conditions required for their initiation , different structures , suitable environments , different detection methods , major challenges , extraction methods , importance and distribution of reserves worldwide.
Low-BTU Hydrocarbon Fields as Natural Analogs for Geologic CO2 StorageMuhammad Abdullah
Low-BTU Hydrocarbon Fields as Natural Analogs for Geologic CO2 Storage
Authors : Sean T. Brennan and Robert C. Burruss, USGS,
Reston VA S. Julio Friedman, LLNL Adrian Hughes V.,University of Maryland
U.S. Department of the Interior
U.S. Geological Survey
Read| The latest issue of The Challenger is here! We are thrilled to announce that our school paper has qualified for the NATIONAL SCHOOLS PRESS CONFERENCE (NSPC) 2024. Thank you for your unwavering support and trust. Dive into the stories that made us stand out!
This is a presentation by Dada Robert in a Your Skill Boost masterclass organised by the Excellence Foundation for South Sudan (EFSS) on Saturday, the 25th and Sunday, the 26th of May 2024.
He discussed the concept of quality improvement, emphasizing its applicability to various aspects of life, including personal, project, and program improvements. He defined quality as doing the right thing at the right time in the right way to achieve the best possible results and discussed the concept of the "gap" between what we know and what we do, and how this gap represents the areas we need to improve. He explained the scientific approach to quality improvement, which involves systematic performance analysis, testing and learning, and implementing change ideas. He also highlighted the importance of client focus and a team approach to quality improvement.
The Indian economy is classified into different sectors to simplify the analysis and understanding of economic activities. For Class 10, it's essential to grasp the sectors of the Indian economy, understand their characteristics, and recognize their importance. This guide will provide detailed notes on the Sectors of the Indian Economy Class 10, using specific long-tail keywords to enhance comprehension.
For more information, visit-www.vavaclasses.com
Synthetic Fiber Construction in lab .pptxPavel ( NSTU)
Synthetic fiber production is a fascinating and complex field that blends chemistry, engineering, and environmental science. By understanding these aspects, students can gain a comprehensive view of synthetic fiber production, its impact on society and the environment, and the potential for future innovations. Synthetic fibers play a crucial role in modern society, impacting various aspects of daily life, industry, and the environment. ynthetic fibers are integral to modern life, offering a range of benefits from cost-effectiveness and versatility to innovative applications and performance characteristics. While they pose environmental challenges, ongoing research and development aim to create more sustainable and eco-friendly alternatives. Understanding the importance of synthetic fibers helps in appreciating their role in the economy, industry, and daily life, while also emphasizing the need for sustainable practices and innovation.
2. INTRODUCTION
Shale gas systems are self containing petroleum
systems (i.e. source, reservoir and seal all inclusive)
They form continuous accumulation that is being
successfully exploited commercially in the US. This is
largely driven by government policy, technology and
rising natural gas price .
Currently, natural gas production from shale gas plays in
the US stands at over 46% and it is projected to rise to
60% in the nearest future.
The successful exploitation of shale gas plays in the US
have sparked up exploitation in Europe, North America ,
etc, where shale gas plays are thought to occur.
4. NATURAL GAS IN SHALE PLAYS
The composition of shale gas is dominantly methane,
with lesser percentages of propane, butane (Natural
gas)
According to Kennedy et al. (2012), natural gas
commonly exists in shale reservoirs as:
‘free gas’ (in matrix pore network and natural
fractures),
‘Sorbed gas’ (adsorbed to Organic matter and natural
fractures or absorbed by the organic matter and
matrix pores) and
‘Dissolved gas’ (in liquid hydrocarbons)
7. AIM AND OBJECTIVES
• Organic richness (TOC) of Tanezzuft gas shale
• Type of Kerogen present in the gas shale
• Thermal maturity and thermal maturity history / distribution
• Relative proportion of clay minerals, quartz and calcite
• Comparison of Tanezzuft shale properties with established
shale gas plays in the USA
8. GHADAMES BASIN BACKGROUND
• ‘Large Intracratonic - Sag
basin’ (about
350,000km2) covering
parts of Tunisia, Algeria
and Libya.
• Basin fill: 8000m
• Conventional hydrocarbon
Reserves: 32BBOE
• Ongoing exploration for
Shale gas resources in
the Tunisian end of the
basin.
• Estimated resource 80-
120TCF (Troudi et.al,
2012)Ghadames Basin
(modified after Underdown and Redfern, 2008)
9.
10. TANEZZUFT SHALES
• Deposited in the Early Silurian
at the onset of widespread
flooding in a Passive Margin
tectonic setting
• World class source rock
– Dominantly Type 2 kerogen
– present day TOC (0.5% to >
15%)
– HI values (250-450mgHc/g).
• 3 major lithostratigraphic units
– Quartz rich upper layer
– Calcite rich Intermediate
layer
– Basal clay rich hot shale
(best source rock quality)
Tanezzuft
Shales
Ghadames Basin Stratigraphy
(after Yahi et al, 2001)
11. Data set available
• Data (TOC data, Maturity data,
HI) from 37 wells was used for
this study.
• Some data was obtained from
Underdown (2006), Basu et al.,
(1997) and Yahi et al., (2001)
SHALE GAS EXPLORATION
WORK FLOW
12. INITIAL TOC WITH 2% CUT OFF
Initial TOC conversion formula
(Daly and Edman, 1987)
Initial TOC generally
increases towards the
west
latitude longitude
N
Initial TOC 3D Surface Map
13. Ro = 0.0180 x Tmax – 7.16
maybe unreliable where S2
values are <0.2(mg HC/g Rock)
THERMAL MATURITY (≥ 1.0% RO)
Latitude
Longitude
Thermal maturity
generally increases
towards the west
(Jarvie et al., 2001)
Thermal Maturity 3D Surface Map
14. SWEET SPOT
Wells used for Basin
Modelling
ONE-1 Well
BRD-4 Well
‘Combining initial
TOC map (2% TOC
cut off) with the
thermal maturity
map (1% Ro cut-off)’
15. BASIN MODELLING KEY INPUT
PARAMETERS
• Heat flow model
Underdown and Redfern (2008)
Event Begin
Age
(Mya)
Eroded
thickness
(m)
Alpine 36.7 100
Austrian 120 600
Hercynian 292 3600
Dixon et al., (2010) and Underdown (2006)
• Amount of exhumed
overburden
21. CONCLUSION
•Identification of areas with sufficient organic richness (i.e. >2% initial
TOC).
•Tanezzuft gas shale is predominantly of oil prone Type II Kerogen
•1D maturity modelling reveal Tanezzuft shale to be in wet gas stage -
main stage of gas generation around the ‘sweet spot’
•Interbeds of quartz rich silt and fine sands exist in the Tanezzuft shale
stratigraphy. Its thickness increases towards the ‘sweet spot’
•The Tanezzuft shale shares a lot of similarity with the Marcellus and
Utica shales
23. RECOMMENDATIONS
Evaluation of the Mineralogy of the Tanezzuft Shale
Investors should bare in mind the following questions:
• Is there adequate supply of water?
• What are the likely environmental issues to face?
• Is there adequate infrastructure?
• Are specialized oil field services readily available?
• Is there political backing for exploration?
24. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
•Thanks to God for his grace
•Mr James Armstrong for his wonderful supervision
•Other members of staff for support and encouragement
•Plate River Associates (BasinMod Software)
•TETFUND for sponsorship
Thanks for Listening