Session 2 - OECD_Sustainable Ocean Economy Database.pdf
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This document discusses the OECD's work on developing indicators for sustainable ocean economies and circular economies. It provides an overview of the OECD's Sustainable Ocean Economy Dataset, which includes integrated and modular indicators on topics such as socioeconomic opportunities, policy responses, natural capital, well-being and resilience, and environmental and resource productivity related to oceans. Examples of specific indicators are presented, such as those relating to coastal flooding exposure and policy instruments for ocean sustainability. The document also outlines the OECD's framework for monitoring circular economies and discusses dissemination of the ocean economy data through its database, reports, and website.
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Session 2 - OECD_Sustainable Ocean Economy Database.pdf
- 1. OECD Sustainable Ocean Economy and Circular Economy Indicators Florian Mante, Ivan Haščič, Myriam Linster OECD Environment Directorate 3d Regional Ocean Policy Dialogue: May 3d, 2023; Session 2
- 2. DIVE-IN THE SUSTAINABLE OCEAN ECONOMY DATASET 2
- 3. Data Indicators Reporting Economic opportunities How economic instruments promote a sustainable ocean economy? R&D budgets Patents Finance & investment Policy responses What policy responses are needed to protect resources? Taxes Subsidies Regulations Management approaches Socio-econ. Context How does a sustainable ocean economy create jobs and wealth? Fisheries Transport Tourism Ship- building Ocean economy [SNA] Natural capital Is the natural capital of the ocean being maintained? Threatened marine species Fish stock Ocean environment & ecosystems [SEEA] Wellbeing & resilience How can the ocean impact people and assets ? Natural hazards in coastal zones Climate Hazards + Air emissions datasets Environmental & resource productivity How efficient are the marine and coastal resources used ? Air and wastewater emissions Ocean plastics Carbon Energy Materials Waste OECD Sustainable Ocean Economy Dataset Integrated and modular approach
- 4. SELECTED EXAMPLES OF STATISTICS AND INDICATORS 4
- 5. Data Indicators Reporting • Coastal areas experience a variety of climate-related hazards and climate change is expected to exacerbate existing impacts even more. This includes sea level rise, coastal storm surges, ocean warming and acidification, and changes to the hydrological cycle. • Population exposure to river floods at different territorial levels was computed using the Global Human Settlement Layer Population grid linearly interpolated to 2020 based on 2000 and 2015. • Other metrics exist: built-up area, cropland area, land area. This can partially inform on the risks on assets. Wellbeing and resilience Coastal flooding 5 OECD (2022), “Coastal flooding”, Environment Statistics (database)
- 6. Data Indicators Reporting • The number of policy instruments directed at ocean sustainability is increasing. • Taxes remain the most widely used, followed by fees and charges, positive subsidies and tradable permit schemes. • The revenue generated by ocean- related taxes remains very low at the OECD level, amounting to less than 1% of revenue from all environmentally related taxes combined. Policy responses Policy instruments related to ocean sustainability 6 Source: OECD (2022), Policy Instruments for the Environment (PINE) database
- 7. Data Indicators Reporting • The importance of protected area networks for marine biodiversity and ecosystem services is recognised by the Global Biodiversity Framework Target 2 (restoration of degraded ecosystems) and 3 (conservation). • Marine protected areas can help conserve and restore habitats and species and ensure that marine and coastal ecosystems continue to provide storm and erosion protection, carbon storage, fisheries, recreation and tourism opportunities, and other services. • Other indicators: protected areas within 1km and 10km of coastlines, % and sq.km Policy responses Protected areas – marine, % EEZ 7 OECD (2023), “Protected areas”, Environment Statistics (database), https://oe.cd/dx/4Zq
- 9. Item x: xxxxx Data Indicators Reporting 9 Socio-economic opportunities Economic efficiency and social equity Socio-economic effects • Supply security • New markets & trade: products, technologies, business models • Labour markets, jobs • Skills, awareness • Consumer behaviour • GDP, value added, income • Distributional aspects Interactions with the environment Environmental effectiveness Natural resource implications • Natural asset base/ resource stocks Other environmental implications • Climate, air, (energy) • Water, ocean • Land & soil • Biodiversity Responses and actions Policies, measures, framework conditions • Innovation & technology development • Economic instruments: pricing& taxation, subsidies, investment, expenditure • Other instruments: regulations, standards, procurement, labelling • Education and training • Target setting • Governance Material life-cycle and value chain Production and consumption INPUT OUTPUT USE Production Final consumption R strategies Circular economy Conceptual monitoring framework – building blocks
- 11. Data Indicators Reporting 11 Dissemination strategy is multi-channel Database and metadata oe.cd/ds/oceandata Environment-at-a-Glance oe.cd/env-glance Homepage http://www.oecd.org/ocean • 2000-2020, global coverage (200+ countries) • 15 indicator groups, e.g. economic instruments (taxes, subsidies, ITQs), regulations (marine/coastal protected areas), innovation (R&D, patents), marine bunkers CO2, etc. Fostering accessibility and transparency of data Contributing to policy message and key analysis Gathering information in a one- shop portal
- 12. AREA OF WORK AND COOPERATION 12 • Geospatial analysis: – Monitoring exposure to climate- related hazards – Marine and coastal protected areas – Coastal population • Policy data: – Policy instruments – Fossil fuel support – Environmentally harmful fisheries subsidies