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Web Server Load Balancing 
By: Abdul-Lateef Haji-Ali, Yael Jari, 
Bashar Shehadeh, Mhd. Mamdouh Tarabishi 
Wael Tayara 
Supervised by: Dr. Ghassan Saba
Outline 
 What is SLB 
 Scope of Project 
 SLB Strategies 
 Gateway Based Strategy 
 Server Choosing Algorithms 
 Implementation & Demo 
 Testing & Results 
 Future Work
What is Server Load 
Balancing (SLB)? 
• SLB is a process and technology that 
distributes site traffic among several 
servers. 
• Transparent to the end user. 
• A single URL can have hundreds of 
servers
What is Server Load Balancing 
(SLB)?
Scope of Project 
 A study of most well known strategies. 
 A study of most well known scheduling 
algorithms. 
 A working implementation of a single 
chosen strategy for HTTP. 
 A brief analysis of the implementation 
and different algorithms.
SLB Strategies 
 Geographic Load Balancing 
 DNS Load Balancing 
 Clustering 
 Gateway based, redirection
Gateway Based Strategy 
 Broad range of features 
◦ Availability Scalability, Manageability, 
Security, QoS 
◦ Compression, caching, and packing 
requests and responses 
 Persistence using 
◦ Cookies, source address, SSL, SIP 
 Traffic redirection 
◦ Transport layer 
◦ Application Layer
Server Choosing Algorithms 
 Scheduling 
 Numerous, we chose 7 
◦ Random 
◦ Round Robin 
◦ Weighted Random 
◦ Weighted Round Robin 
◦ Least Connections 
◦ Least CPU Usage 
◦ Dynamic Random
Least CPU Load (under focus) 
 Constant monitoring of the servers for 
their CPU load 
 Pass the request to the one with the 
least CPU load 
 Pros: Most correct scheduling 
decision, if updates are not too far 
from each other 
 Cons: If updates are slow, it can 
cause congestion. Increased 
overhead
Implementation 
 4 Parts 
◦ Core 
◦ HTTP gateway implementation 
◦ HTTP protocol support classes 
◦ Other support classes 
 Demo…
Testing 
 Identical and non-identical requests 
 Single server, no gateway 
 Single server through gateway 
◦ Overhead: 1.82% 
 Two and three servers through 
gateway 
◦ All algorithms
Results
Results (cont.) 
 Mostly agrees with literature 
 Least CPU Usage has least response 
time and greatest throughput
Future Work 
 More algorithms 
 More applications 
 Caching 
 Answer to: Is there a point where SLB 
doesn’t increase performance?
Questions?

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Web Server Load Balancing

  • 1. Web Server Load Balancing By: Abdul-Lateef Haji-Ali, Yael Jari, Bashar Shehadeh, Mhd. Mamdouh Tarabishi Wael Tayara Supervised by: Dr. Ghassan Saba
  • 2. Outline  What is SLB  Scope of Project  SLB Strategies  Gateway Based Strategy  Server Choosing Algorithms  Implementation & Demo  Testing & Results  Future Work
  • 3. What is Server Load Balancing (SLB)? • SLB is a process and technology that distributes site traffic among several servers. • Transparent to the end user. • A single URL can have hundreds of servers
  • 4. What is Server Load Balancing (SLB)?
  • 5. Scope of Project  A study of most well known strategies.  A study of most well known scheduling algorithms.  A working implementation of a single chosen strategy for HTTP.  A brief analysis of the implementation and different algorithms.
  • 6. SLB Strategies  Geographic Load Balancing  DNS Load Balancing  Clustering  Gateway based, redirection
  • 7. Gateway Based Strategy  Broad range of features ◦ Availability Scalability, Manageability, Security, QoS ◦ Compression, caching, and packing requests and responses  Persistence using ◦ Cookies, source address, SSL, SIP  Traffic redirection ◦ Transport layer ◦ Application Layer
  • 8. Server Choosing Algorithms  Scheduling  Numerous, we chose 7 ◦ Random ◦ Round Robin ◦ Weighted Random ◦ Weighted Round Robin ◦ Least Connections ◦ Least CPU Usage ◦ Dynamic Random
  • 9. Least CPU Load (under focus)  Constant monitoring of the servers for their CPU load  Pass the request to the one with the least CPU load  Pros: Most correct scheduling decision, if updates are not too far from each other  Cons: If updates are slow, it can cause congestion. Increased overhead
  • 10. Implementation  4 Parts ◦ Core ◦ HTTP gateway implementation ◦ HTTP protocol support classes ◦ Other support classes  Demo…
  • 11. Testing  Identical and non-identical requests  Single server, no gateway  Single server through gateway ◦ Overhead: 1.82%  Two and three servers through gateway ◦ All algorithms
  • 13. Results (cont.)  Mostly agrees with literature  Least CPU Usage has least response time and greatest throughput
  • 14. Future Work  More algorithms  More applications  Caching  Answer to: Is there a point where SLB doesn’t increase performance?