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sensors.pptx
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- 2. Automatic Control System AutomaticControl System Construction • Material or Power • Object • Output Signal • Sensor • Disturbances • Converter • Measuring Device • Controller • Industry Controller • Executive Device
- 3. 1. Contact versusNon-contact • Contact sensor : There is physical contact betwen the sensor an the parametr it measures • Non-contact sensor : Also called proximity sensors. Proximity indicates that the object is near, but contact is not required. SENSORS SELECTION
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- 5. Industrial sensors • Proximity –Mechanical – Optical – Inductive/Capacitive • Position/Velocity – Potentiometr – LVDT – Encoders – Tachogenerator • Force/Pressure • Vibration/Acceleration
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- 7. Types of inductivesensors ❖ proximity ❖ movement
- 8. I. Schematic diagram metalgenerator liminal construction with hysteresis output amplifier output signal Proximity sensors
- 9. ❖ Hysteresis ofjumpering ❖ Corrective coeficiences ❖ Repeatability ❖ Temperature of working ❖ Admission ❖ Residual voltage ❖ Residual current
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- 11. Movement sensors II. Principleof working
- 12. VI. Inductive sensorin use Quantity control Detection unevenness on packaging
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- 14. Capacitive sensors I. Schematicdiagram object active surface screen periphery of oscillator comparator amplifier
- 15. Capacitive sensors II. Principleof working periphery of oscillator amplifier comparator O b j e c t
- 16. IV. Capacitive sensorin use ❖ Silicon Wafer deposition & etching ❖ Silicon Wafer proximity ❖ Wafer cutting/processing ❖ Robot arm control ❖ Computer hard disc drive ❖ Printing Press/Photocopiers ❖ Tooling parallelism/alignment
- 17. IV. Capacitive sensorin use Detection of movement Detection of position
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- 19. Optical (Photoelectric) Sensors uselight to sense • All optical sensors objects. • Operation method: - Lasers, Incandescend bulbs, or Light emitting diodes (LEDs) are used as light source - The light source is turned off and on (modulation) at a high frequency (could be as hight as several kHz) - A photodetector senses the pulsed light - The light emitter and receiver are turned to the modulation frequency.
- 20. Example of Sensorusing LED as a light source
- 21. Types of Optical Sensors •Reflective (Diffuse) Sensors • Retroreflective Sensors • Thru-beam Sensors • Polarizing Photo Sensors • Convergent Photo Sensors • Fiber Optic Sensors • Laser Sensors
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- 23. T - Transmitter R- Receiver Transmitter and receiver are combined into one casing
- 24. Work relies onthe reflective surface on the target to reflect the light from the transmitter to the receiver T R OBJECT
- 25. Advantages • Singular casing(Transmitter + Receiver) • Objects detection with high reflect parameter (0,6 - 0,9)
- 26. Disadvantages • Low detectingdistance • Sensitive to colour and quality • Sensitive to background • Dead zone
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- 28. Transmitter and receiverare combined into one casing Make use of a reflector to reflect the light from the transmitter to the receiver
- 29. Advantages • Easy instalation •Singular casing ( Transmitter + Receiver) • Good working zone
- 30. Disadvantages • Sensitive tolights objects • Use reflector • Dead zone
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- 32. It’s capable ofsensing very small object by narrowing the light beam T R OBJECT
- 33. Advantages • Detection forlong distance • Lack of dead zone • Detection light objects • Detection in several environment
- 34. Disadvantages • Large separatecasings • Problems with instalation ( set- up Transmitter and Receiver)
- 35. Typical Application • Detecting thepresence or absence of an object • Positioning and counting • Detection the end of travel of an object • Packaging machinery • Sorting and labelling machinery • Textile machinery • Pharmaceutical • Small part detection • High speed detection • Door controls
- 36. Encoders An encoder isa device that senses a modification of speed and position and converts it to a digital value
- 37. There are twomain types of rotary encoders: - Incremental - Absolute
- 38. There are twomain types of incremental encoders: -Tachometer - Quadrature
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